JP4450982B2 - Method for producing sulfate ester salt - Google Patents
Method for producing sulfate ester salt Download PDFInfo
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- JP4450982B2 JP4450982B2 JP2000380437A JP2000380437A JP4450982B2 JP 4450982 B2 JP4450982 B2 JP 4450982B2 JP 2000380437 A JP2000380437 A JP 2000380437A JP 2000380437 A JP2000380437 A JP 2000380437A JP 4450982 B2 JP4450982 B2 JP 4450982B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、乳化重合に用いられる反応性界面活性剤として有用な、末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩の製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
家庭用の洗浄剤等に使用される硫酸エステル型界面活性剤の製造には、三酸化硫黄、クロルスルホン酸、発煙硫酸、スルファミン酸等が使用されている。また、乳化重合に用いられる反応性界面活性剤の製造における硫酸エステル化の場合には、ラジカル重合基である二重結合を保護する必要があり、この観点からスルファミン酸が用いられる。しかし、スルファミン酸を用いて硫酸エステル化を行った場合でも、二重結合基の保護は充分でなく、末端二重結合基の内部二重結合基への異性化、二重結合基への硫酸基付加等の副反応が起きるという問題があった。末端ビニル化合物の硫酸エステル化、特にビニリデン型化合物の硫酸エステル化では上記の問題が顕著となる。
【0003】
末端不飽和アルコールアルキレンオキサイド付加物の硫酸エステル塩は乳化重合用反応性界面活性剤として優れた性能を有しているが、内部オレフィンへ異性化するとラジカル重合性は低下し、反応性界面活性剤としての効果が著しく低下する。又、不飽和基への硫酸基付加が起こるとラジカル重合基が減少するだけでなく、乳化剤としての性能を大きく損なうことになる。
【0004】
本発明の課題は、上記の問題を解決して高純度の末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩の製造法を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、末端不飽和アルコールとスルファミン酸を、アミド化合物(スルホン酸アミド化合物は除く)又はアミン化合物の存在下に反応させる、末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩の製造法を提供する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、末端不飽和アルコールとは、末端に不飽和結合基を有する直鎖又は分岐鎖の脂肪族アルコール及びそのアルキレンオキサイド付加物を指し、例えば式(2)又は(3)で表される不飽和アルコール及びこれにアルキレンオキサイドを付加させたものが挙げられる。
【0007】
【化2】
【0008】
(式中、R1はメチル基又は水素原子、pは1〜16の整数を示す。)
【0009】
【化3】
【0010】
(式中、R2は水素原子又はメチル基、R3及びR4は水素原子又は炭素数1〜18の1価の炭化水素基、R5は炭素数1〜18の1価の炭化水素基、Yは炭素数1〜14の2価の炭化水素基、qは0又は1を示す。)
式(2)で表される不飽和アルコールとしては、例えば、アリルアルコール、メタリルアルコール、3−ブテン−1−オール、3−メチル−3−ブテン−1−オール、4−ペンテン−1−オール、5−ヘキセン−1−オール、6−ヘプテン−1−オール、8−ノネン−1−オール、9−デセン−1−オール、10−ウンデセン−1−オール、11−ドデセン−1−オール、12−トリデセン−1−オール、15−ヘキサデセン−1−オール等を挙げることができる。
【0011】
式(3)で表される不飽和アルコールとしては、例えば、1−ヘキセン−3−オール、5−エチル−1−ヘプテン−4−オール、1−オクテン−3−オ−ル、1−オクテン−4−オ−ル、2−メチル−1−オクテン−4−オ−ル、1−ノネン−3−オ−ル、1−ノネン−4−オ−ル、2−メチル−4−フェニル−1−ブテン−4−オール、1−ウンデセン−4−オール、2−メチル−1−ウンデセン−4−オール、1−ペンタデセン−4−オ−ル、1−ペンタデセン−11−オ−ル、2−メチル−1−ペンタデセン−4−オ−ル、1−ドデセン−4−オール、1−トリデセン−4−オール、1−トリデセン−5−オール、1−ペンタデセン−13−メチル−12−オール、1−ヘプタデセン−11−オール等を挙げることができる。
【0012】
これらの末端不飽和アルコールの中では、式(1)で表される末端不飽和化合物(以下不飽和化合物(1)という)が好ましい。
【0013】
【化4】
【0014】
[式中、R1及びpは前記の意味を示す。AOは炭素数2〜18のオキシアルキレン基、EOはオキシエチレン基、mは0〜50の数、nは0〜100の数である。なおm個の-(AO)-基は同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
不飽和化合物(1)において、R1がメチル基のものが好ましい。またpは好ましくは2〜16である。
【0015】
また、(AO)m部のAは炭素数2〜18の直鎖又は分岐鎖アルキレン基であり、好ましくはエチレン、プロピレン、ブチレン、イソブチレン等の炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基、特に好ましくはプロピレン、ブチレン、イソブチレン等の炭素数3〜4のアルキレン基である。(AO)m部はエチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイド、ブチレンオキサイド、1,2−エポキシオクテン等を付加することにより得ることができる。これらのアルキレンオキサイドの付加は単独付加、2種以上のランダム付加またはブロック付加を任意に組み合わせることができる。(AO)の平均付加モル数を示すmは0〜50、好ましくは1〜50、(EO)の平均付加モル数を示すnは0〜100、好ましくは1〜50、更に好ましくは5〜30である。
【0016】
不飽和化合物(1)は公知の方法で合成することができる。例えば、上記式(2)で表される末端不飽和アルコールに水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ触媒の存在下、または、BF3・エーテル錯体の様なルイス酸触媒の存在下に常圧または加圧下でアルキレンオキサイドを付加させる方法により合成することができる。なお、アルキレンオキサイドの付加反応に際しては、末端二重結合基の内部オレフィンへの異性化防止、副生物の抑制の観点から、触媒の種類と使用量、反応温度は適切なものが選択される。
【0017】
本発明においては、末端不飽和アルコールとスルファミン酸を、アミド化合物(スルホン酸アミド化合物は除く)又はアミン化合物の存在下に反応させて硫酸エステル化し、高純度の末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩を製造する。
【0018】
本発明の方法で硫酸エステル化を行えば、末端二重結合基は充分に保護され、末端二重結合基の内部二重結合基への異性化、二重結合基への硫酸基付加等の副反応をほぼ完全に防止することができ、これにより高純度の末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩を製造することができる。
【0019】
本発明に用いられるアミド化合物としては、尿素、あるいはメチル尿素、1,1−ジメチル尿素、エチル尿素、ブチル尿素、アセチル尿素等の尿素誘導体、あるいはアセトアミド、ホルムアミド、プロピオン酸アミド、ブチルアミド、ジアセトアミド、コハク酸アミド等の酸アミド化合物を挙げることができる。
【0020】
しかし、トルエンスルホン酸アミド等のスルホン酸アミド化合物は二重結合基の異性化、スルホン酸基の二重結合基への付加に対して防止する効果がないので本発明では用いることができない。
【0021】
本発明で用いられるアミン化合物としては、モルホリン、トリエチルアミン、トリブチルアミン、イソプロピルアミン、ジイソプロピルアミン等が挙げられる。
【0022】
本発明において、アミド化合物及びアミン化合物は、分子量が小さい場合には少量使用で効果があり、分子量としては150以下が好ましく、より好ましくは100以下である。アミド化合物又はアミン化合物の使用量は、末端不飽和アルコールに対して1〜50モル%が好ましく、3〜30モル%がより好ましく、特に5〜20モル%が好ましい。
【0023】
本発明においてスルファミン酸は市販品を使用することができる。末端不飽和アルコールとスルファミン酸の仕込み比(モル比)は特に限定されないが、硫酸エステル化度を高める観点からは、末端不飽和アルコール/スルファミン酸は1/1〜1/1.3の範囲が好ましく、特に1/1〜1/1.1の範囲が好ましい。
【0024】
スルファミン酸による硫酸エステル化では、原料中に水分が混入しているとスルファミン酸を分解して硫酸エステル化度の低下、及び副反応の増加を招くので、末端不飽和アルコール中に含まれる水分は反応に先立って減圧脱水等の方法で完全に除去しておくことが望ましい。
【0025】
末端不飽和アルコールとスルファミン酸の反応は、酸化防止、着色防止の観点から窒素ガス等の不活性ガスの雰囲気下が好ましく、アミド化合物又はアミン化合物の存在下、好ましくは60〜140℃、より好ましくは90〜120℃の温度で行う。反応終了後、余剰のスルファミン酸やアミド化合物等の反応系に溶解していない物質は濾過により取り除くことができる。
【0026】
スルファミン酸による硫酸エステル化物はアンモニウム塩となっているが、必要に応じて、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加する等の方法でアンモニウム塩を他の塩に置換することも可能である。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、末端不飽和アルコールの二重結合基の内部異性化、及び、二重結合基の硫酸基付加による減少を防止することができ、高純度の末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩を得ることができる。
【0028】
本発明の方法で得た高純度末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩を乳化重合用反応性界面活性剤として用いた場合には、安定性に優れたポリマーエマルジョンを製造することができる。さらには、本発明で得られる高純度末端不飽和アルコールの硫酸エステル塩は末端二重結合基が高純度で含まれるため、乳化重合において原料モノマーとの共重合性が良好であり、ポリマーエマルジョンの用途において耐水性に優れる等の良好な塗膜物性を与える。
【0029】
【実施例】
実施例及び比較例に用いた不飽和化合物の化学構造式を表1に示した。
なお、これらの不飽和化合物は硫酸エステル化前に減圧脱水(100℃/700Pa以下)を行い、水分含量を0.01%以下にしたものを使用した。
【0030】
【表1】
【0031】
実施例1
攪拌機、窒素ガス導入管、温度計を備えたガラス製4つ口フラスコに、不飽和化合物(C)1モル、尿素0.1モル、スルファミン酸1.05モルを加えた。窒素ガス雰囲気下、強く攪拌しながら温度105℃で2時間反応させ、さらに115℃で2時間反応させた後、冷却して硫酸エステル化物を取り出した。この硫酸エステル化物の1H−NMRスペクトルを図1に示した。
【0032】
図1において、1.75ppmの吸収帯は末端ビニル基(C=C(CH 3 )−)のプロトンに帰属し、4.7〜4.9ppmの吸収帯は末端ビニル基(CH 2=C<)のプロトンに帰属し、3.5〜3.8ppmの吸収帯はオキシエチレン基(−CH 2 CH 2 O−)のプロトンに帰属し、0.85〜1.0ppmの吸収帯はオキシブチレン基(−CH2CH(CH2CH 3 )O−)のプロトンに帰属する。また、4.15〜4.25ppmの吸収帯は1級OH基の硫酸エステル基(−CH 2 −OSO3NH4)のプロトンに帰属し、4.35〜4.50の吸収帯は2級OH基の硫酸エステル基(>CH−OSO3NH4)のプロトンに帰属する。
【0033】
オキシエチレン基の4個のプロトン、又はオキシブチレン基(メチル基)の3個のプロトンを規準にして、末端ビニル基(CH 2=C<)のプロトン数をそれぞれの吸収帯の積分値より求め、末端二重結合基の保持率を算出した。同様にして、1級OH基(−CH 2−OSO3NH4)のプロトン数と2級OH基(>CH−OSO3NH4)のプロトン数を求め、硫酸エステル化率を算出した。
上記吸収帯の積分値より、末端二重結合基の保持率、及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果、末端二重結合基の保持率は100%、硫酸エステル化率は100%であった。
【0034】
実施例2
攪拌機、窒素ガス導入管、温度計を備えたガラス製4つ口フラスコに、不飽和化合物(A)1モル、トリエチルアミン0.05モル、スルファミン酸1.05モルを仕込んだ。窒素ガス雰囲気下、強く攪拌しながら温度110℃で4時間反応させた後、冷却して硫酸エステル化物を取り出した。
実施例1と同様にして、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0035】
実施例3
不飽和化合物(C)1モルを不飽和化合物(B)1モルに換え、尿素0.1モルをアセトアミド0.1モルに換える他は、実施例1と同様にして硫酸エステル化物を得た。実施例1と同様の方法により、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0036】
実施例4
不飽和化合物(C)1モルを不飽和化合物(D)1モルに換え、尿素0.1モルをエチル尿素0.1モルに換える他は、実施例1と同様にして硫酸エステル化物を得た。実施例1と同様の方法により、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0037】
実施例5
不飽和化合物(C)1モルを不飽和化合物(E)1モルに換え、尿素0.1モルをアセチル尿素0.1モルに換える他は、実施例1と同様にして硫酸エステル化物を得た。実施例1と同様の方法により、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0038】
比較例1
尿素を使用しない他は、実施例1と同様にして硫酸エステル化物を得た。この硫酸エステル化物の1H−NMRスペクトルを図2に示した。実施例1と同様の方法により、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0039】
比較例2
トリエチルアミンを使用しない他は、実施例2と同様にして硫酸エステル化物を得た。実施例1と同様の方法により、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0040】
比較例3
エチル尿素を使用しない他は、実施例4と同様にして硫酸エステル化物を得た。実施例1と同様の方法により、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0041】
比較例4
アセチル尿素0.1モルをp−トルエンスルホン酸アミド0.1モルに換える他は、実施例5と同様にして硫酸エステル化物を得た。実施例1と同様の方法により、末端二重結合基の保持率及び硫酸エステル化率を求めた結果を表2に示す。
【0042】
【表2】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 実施例1で得られた硫酸エステル化物の1H−NMRスペクトルである。
【図2】 比較例1で得られた硫酸エステル化物の1H−NMRスペクトルである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a sulfate ester salt of a terminal unsaturated alcohol useful as a reactive surfactant used in emulsion polymerization.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Sulfur trioxide, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid and the like are used for the production of sulfate type surfactants used for household cleaning agents. In addition, in the case of sulfate esterification in the production of a reactive surfactant used for emulsion polymerization, it is necessary to protect the double bond, which is a radical polymerization group, and sulfamic acid is used from this viewpoint. However, even when sulfated using sulfamic acid, protection of the double bond group is not sufficient, isomerization of the terminal double bond group to an internal double bond group, sulfuric acid to the double bond group There was a problem that side reactions such as group addition occurred. The above-mentioned problem becomes significant when the terminal vinyl compound is sulfated, particularly when the vinylidene type compound is sulfated.
[0003]
Sulfate ester salt of terminal unsaturated alcohol alkylene oxide adduct has excellent performance as a reactive surfactant for emulsion polymerization, but when it is isomerized to an internal olefin, the radical polymerizability decreases, and the reactive surfactant As a result, the effect is significantly reduced. Moreover, when the sulfate group addition to the unsaturated group occurs, not only the radical polymerization group decreases, but also the performance as an emulsifier is greatly impaired.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a method for producing a high-purity terminal unsaturated alcohol sulfate ester salt.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a method for producing a sulfate salt of a terminal unsaturated alcohol, in which a terminal unsaturated alcohol and sulfamic acid are reacted in the presence of an amide compound (excluding a sulfonic acid amide compound) or an amine compound.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the terminal unsaturated alcohol refers to a linear or branched aliphatic alcohol having an unsaturated bond group at the terminal and an alkylene oxide adduct thereof, and is represented by, for example, the formula (2) or (3). Unsaturated alcohol and what added alkylene oxide to this are mentioned.
[0007]
[Chemical formula 2]
[0008]
(In the formula, R 1 represents a methyl group or a hydrogen atom, and p represents an integer of 1 to 16.)
[0009]
[Chemical 3]
[0010]
Wherein R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 3 and R 4 are a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and R 5 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms. Y represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, and q represents 0 or 1.)
Examples of the unsaturated alcohol represented by the formula (2) include allyl alcohol, methallyl alcohol, 3-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, and 4-penten-1-ol. 5-hexen-1-ol, 6-hepten-1-ol, 8-nonen-1-ol, 9-decene-1-ol, 10-undecen-1-ol, 11-dodecene-1-ol, 12 -Tridecene-1-ol, 15-hexadecene-1-ol, etc. can be mentioned.
[0011]
Examples of the unsaturated alcohol represented by the formula (3) include 1-hexen-3-ol, 5-ethyl-1-hepten-4-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, and 1-octene- 4-ol, 2-methyl-1-octene-4-ol, 1-nonene-3-ol, 1-nonen-4-ol, 2-methyl-4-phenyl-1- Buten-4-ol, 1-undecen-4-ol, 2-methyl-1-undecene-4-ol, 1-pentadecene-4-ol, 1-pentadecene-11-ol, 2-methyl- 1-pentadecene-4-ol, 1-dodecene-4-ol, 1-tridecene-4-ol, 1-tridecene-5-ol, 1-pentadecene-13-methyl-12-ol, 1-heptadecene- 11-ol etc. can be mentioned.
[0012]
Among these terminal unsaturated alcohols, terminal unsaturated compounds represented by the formula (1) (hereinafter referred to as unsaturated compounds (1)) are preferable.
[0013]
[Formula 4]
[0014]
[Wherein R 1 and p have the above-mentioned meanings. AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, EO is an oxyethylene group, m is a number from 0 to 50, and n is a number from 0 to 100. The m-(AO)-groups may be the same or different. ]
In the unsaturated compound (1), R 1 is preferably a methyl group. P is preferably 2 to 16.
[0015]
Further, A in the (AO) m part is a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene, particularly preferably propylene. , An alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms such as butylene and isobutylene. (AO) m part can be obtained by adding ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, 1,2-epoxyoctene and the like. The addition of these alkylene oxides can be arbitrarily combined with a single addition, two or more random additions or a block addition. M which shows the average added mole number of (AO) is 0-50, preferably 1-50, n which shows the average added mole number of (EO) is 0-100, preferably 1-50, more preferably 5-30. It is.
[0016]
The unsaturated compound (1) can be synthesized by a known method. For example, the terminal unsaturated alcohol represented by the above formula (2) in the presence of an alkali catalyst such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as a BF 3 .ether complex is normal pressure. Or it can synthesize | combine by the method of adding an alkylene oxide under pressure. In addition, in the addition reaction of alkylene oxide, an appropriate type and amount of catalyst and reaction temperature are selected from the viewpoints of preventing isomerization of terminal double bond groups to internal olefins and suppressing by-products.
[0017]
In the present invention, a terminal unsaturated alcohol and sulfamic acid are reacted in the presence of an amide compound (excluding a sulfonic acid amide compound) or an amine compound to form a sulfate ester, whereby a high purity terminal unsaturated alcohol sulfate ester salt is obtained. To manufacture.
[0018]
When sulfate esterification is carried out by the method of the present invention, the terminal double bond group is sufficiently protected, such as isomerization of the terminal double bond group to an internal double bond group, addition of a sulfate group to the double bond group, etc. The side reaction can be almost completely prevented, whereby a highly pure terminal unsaturated alcohol sulfate ester salt can be produced.
[0019]
Examples of the amide compound used in the present invention include urea, urea derivatives such as methylurea, 1,1-dimethylurea, ethylurea, butylurea, and acetylurea, or acetamide, formamide, propionic acid amide, butylamide, diacetamide, Examples thereof include acid amide compounds such as succinic acid amide.
[0020]
However, sulfonic acid amide compounds such as toluenesulfonic acid amide cannot be used in the present invention because they have no effect of preventing isomerization of double bond groups and addition of sulfonic acid groups to double bond groups.
[0021]
Examples of the amine compound used in the present invention include morpholine, triethylamine, tributylamine, isopropylamine, diisopropylamine and the like.
[0022]
In the present invention, the amide compound and the amine compound are effective when used in a small amount when the molecular weight is small, and the molecular weight is preferably 150 or less, more preferably 100 or less. The amount of the amide compound or amine compound used is preferably from 1 to 50 mol%, more preferably from 3 to 30 mol%, particularly preferably from 5 to 20 mol%, based on the terminal unsaturated alcohol.
[0023]
In the present invention, commercially available sulfamic acid can be used. The charging ratio (molar ratio) between the terminal unsaturated alcohol and the sulfamic acid is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of increasing the degree of sulfate esterification, the terminal unsaturated alcohol / sulfamic acid has a range of 1/1 to 1 / 1.3. The range of 1/1 to 1 / 1.1 is particularly preferable.
[0024]
In sulfate esterification with sulfamic acid, if water is mixed in the raw material, the sulfamic acid is decomposed to reduce the degree of sulfate esterification and increase side reactions. Prior to the reaction, it is desirable to remove completely by a method such as vacuum dehydration.
[0025]
The reaction between the terminal unsaturated alcohol and sulfamic acid is preferably performed under an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas from the viewpoint of preventing oxidation and coloring, and preferably in the presence of an amide compound or an amine compound, preferably 60 to 140 ° C. Is performed at a temperature of 90 to 120 ° C. After completion of the reaction, substances that are not dissolved in the reaction system, such as excess sulfamic acid and amide compounds, can be removed by filtration.
[0026]
Although the sulfated product of sulfamic acid is an ammonium salt, the ammonium salt can be replaced with another salt by a method such as adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution if necessary.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the internal isomerization of the double bond group of the terminal unsaturated alcohol and the decrease due to the addition of the sulfate group of the double bond group, and the sulfuric acid of the high-purity terminal unsaturated alcohol can be prevented. An ester salt can be obtained.
[0028]
When the high-purity terminal unsaturated alcohol sulfate ester salt obtained by the method of the present invention is used as a reactive surfactant for emulsion polymerization, a polymer emulsion having excellent stability can be produced. Furthermore, since the high-purity terminal unsaturated alcohol sulfate ester salt obtained in the present invention contains a terminal double bond group with high purity, the copolymerization with the raw material monomer is good in emulsion polymerization, and the polymer emulsion Gives good coating properties such as excellent water resistance in use.
[0029]
【Example】
Table 1 shows the chemical structural formulas of the unsaturated compounds used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
These unsaturated compounds were used after dehydration under reduced pressure (100 ° C./700 Pa or less) before the sulfate esterification to reduce the water content to 0.01% or less.
[0030]
[Table 1]
[0031]
Example 1
1 mol of unsaturated compound (C), 0.1 mol of urea, and 1.05 mol of sulfamic acid were added to a glass four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen gas inlet tube, and a thermometer. In a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the mixture was reacted at 105 ° C. for 2 hours with vigorous stirring, and further reacted at 115 ° C. for 2 hours. The 1 H-NMR spectrum of this sulfated product is shown in FIG.
[0032]
In FIG. 1, the absorption band of 1.75 ppm belongs to the proton of the terminal vinyl group (C═C (C H 3 ) −), and the absorption band of 4.7 to 4.9 ppm corresponds to the terminal vinyl group (C H 2 = The absorption band of 3.5 to 3.8 ppm belongs to the proton of oxyethylene group (-C H 2 C H 2 O-) and belongs to the absorption band of 0.85 to 1.0 ppm. is attributable to the proton of the oxybutylene group (-CH 2 CH (CH 2 C H 3) O-). The absorption band of 4.15 to 4.25 ppm belongs to the proton of the primary OH sulfate ester group (—C H 2 —OSO 3 NH 4 ), and the absorption band of 4.35 to 4.50 is 2 It belongs to the proton of the sulfate group (> C H —OSO 3 NH 4 ) of the primary OH group.
[0033]
Based on the four protons of the oxyethylene group or the three protons of the oxybutylene group (methyl group), the number of protons of the terminal vinyl group (C H 2 = C <) is determined from the integral value of each absorption band. The retention rate of the terminal double bond group was calculated. Similarly, determine the number of protons of the primary OH groups (-C H 2 -OSO 3 NH 4 ) number of protons and secondary OH groups (> C H -OSO 3 NH 4 ), was calculated sulfate ratio .
As a result of obtaining the retention rate of the terminal double bond group and the sulfate esterification rate from the integrated value of the absorption band, the retention rate of the terminal double bond group was 100%, and the sulfate esterification rate was 100%.
[0034]
Example 2
An unsaturated compound (A) 1 mol, triethylamine 0.05 mol, and sulfamic acid 1.05 mol were charged into a glass four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen gas inlet tube, and a thermometer. The mixture was reacted at a temperature of 110 ° C. for 4 hours with vigorous stirring under a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and then cooled to take out the sulfate ester.
The results of determining the retention rate of the terminal double bond group and the sulfate esterification rate in the same manner as in Example 1 are shown in Table 2.
[0035]
Example 3
A sulfated ester was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1 mol of the unsaturated compound (C) was changed to 1 mol of the unsaturated compound (B) and 0.1 mol of urea was changed to 0.1 mol of acetamide. Table 2 shows the results of determining the retention rate and the esterification rate of the terminal double bond group by the same method as in Example 1.
[0036]
Example 4
A sulfated ester was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1 mol of the unsaturated compound (C) was changed to 1 mol of the unsaturated compound (D) and 0.1 mol of urea was changed to 0.1 mol of ethyl urea. . Table 2 shows the results of determining the retention rate and the esterification rate of the terminal double bond group by the same method as in Example 1.
[0037]
Example 5
A sulfated ester was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1 mol of the unsaturated compound (C) was changed to 1 mol of the unsaturated compound (E) and 0.1 mol of urea was changed to 0.1 mol of acetylurea. . Table 2 shows the results of determining the retention rate and the esterification rate of the terminal double bond group by the same method as in Example 1.
[0038]
Comparative Example 1
A sulfated ester was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that urea was not used. The 1 H-NMR spectrum of this sulfated product is shown in FIG. Table 2 shows the results of determining the retention rate and the esterification rate of the terminal double bond group by the same method as in Example 1.
[0039]
Comparative Example 2
A sulfated ester was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that triethylamine was not used. Table 2 shows the results of determining the retention rate and the esterification rate of the terminal double bond group by the same method as in Example 1.
[0040]
Comparative Example 3
A sulfated ester was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that ethylurea was not used. Table 2 shows the results of determining the retention rate and the esterification rate of the terminal double bond group by the same method as in Example 1.
[0041]
Comparative Example 4
A sulfated product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 0.1 mol of acetylurea was changed to 0.1 mol of p-toluenesulfonic acid amide. Table 2 shows the results of determining the retention rate and the esterification rate of the terminal double bond group by the same method as in Example 1.
[0042]
[Table 2]
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of a sulfated product obtained in Example 1. FIG.
2 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of the sulfated product obtained in Comparative Example 1. FIG.
Claims (4)
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