JP4451033B2 - Braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a braking device which simultaneously achieves an increase of braking force and improvement of rigidity. SOLUTION: A braking device 13 is provided with a fixed part 43 for supporting an electromagnet 53, a movable part 41 having an armature 57 and a braking part 59, and a spring 61 for bringing the braking part into contact with the braked part 21 by applying an urging force. The movable part is operated by attracting the armature with the electromagnet so as to separate the movable part from the braked part. The movable part and the armature are integrally formed by the same materials. Moreover, the fixed part and the core of the electromagnet are integrally formed by the same materials.

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a braking device using an electromagnet.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As one form of a device that applies a braking force to a rotating body to brake the rotating body, there is one proposed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-289954. The braking device includes a saddle type fixed housing, an annular rotator that is rotatably disposed inside the housing, a brake arm that is supported so as to advance and retreat toward an inner peripheral surface of the annular rotator, and the brake arm. And an electromagnet that advances and retracts toward the inner peripheral surface of the annular rotator. In the brake arm, an armature, which is a magnetic member, is fixed by a bolt in order to transmit the attractive force of the electromagnet to the brake arm. The electromagnet is attached to the support member.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the braking device configured as described above, in order to obtain a large braking force, the size of the electromagnet is increased to generate a large attractive force, and the size of the amateur attached to the brake arm is increased to generate a magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet. It is necessary to efficiently lead to amateurs. However, in this braking device, the armature and the electromagnet are configured as independent components or devices. Therefore, when the size of these components is increased, the brake arm and the support member that can be accommodated in a limited space in the annular rotating body are provided. In this case, there is a problem that the rigidity of the brake arm and the support member is lowered. That is, when the braking force is increased, the rigidity is lowered, and conversely, when the rigidity is increased, the braking force is decreased.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a braking device that can simultaneously achieve an increase in braking force and an improvement in rigidity.
[0005]
To achieve this object, the present invention provides a movable part that supports an electromagnet and a braking part, a fixed part having an armature, and a spring that applies an urging force to the movable part to bring the braking part into contact with the braked part. In the braking device that moves the braking part away from the braked part by operating only the movable part while the stationary part including the amateur remains stationary by attracting the amateur with the electromagnet. The portion and the amateur are integrally formed of the same material .
[0006]
Another aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the movable part and the iron core of the electromagnet are integrally formed of the same material .
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, although embodiment described below applies this invention to the braking device of the hoisting device for elevator raising / lowering, this invention is applicable to various industrial equipment.
[0010]
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 shows the appearance of an elevator lifting / lowering device 1. Although not particularly illustrated, the hoisting device 1 is fixed to the elevator hoistway and is used for raising and lowering an elevator car disposed in the elevator hoistway.
[0011]
The hoisting device 1 includes a housing 5 made of a bowl-shaped structure having an axisymmetric shape with a center line 3 in the horizontal direction as the center, and via a fixing leg portion 7 formed integrally with the housing 5. Fixed to the elevator hoistway.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 5 accommodates a power device 11 and a braking device 13 in an inner space 9. In order to hold the power unit 11 and the braking device 13 in the space 9, a support plate 15 that crosses the opening on the back surface in the vertical direction is connected to the housing 5 by connecting means such as a bolt.
[0013]
The power unit 11 includes a support shaft 17 disposed along the center line 3 of the housing 5 and supported at both ends by the housing 5 and the support plate 15. The support shaft 17 supports a rotating body (braking part) 21 through a bearing 19 so as to be rotatable. The rotating body 21 is formed of a bowl-shaped structure like the housing 5, and includes two cylindrical portions (an inner cylindrical portion 23 and an outer cylindrical portion 25) formed around the center line 3. A plurality of grooves 27 that are continuous in the circumferential direction are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the inner cylindrical portion 23, and wires 29 are hung on these grooves 27. The wire 29 hung in the groove 27 extends downward through two through holes 31 (see FIG. 1, one through hole is omitted from the drawing) formed in the leg portion 7. An elevator car is connected to one end, and a counterweight is connected to the other end. A plurality of armatures 33 are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the outer cylindrical portion 25 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, a plurality of stator windings 35 are provided on the inner peripheral portion of the housing 5 facing the outer peripheral portion of the outer cylindrical portion 25 with a constant interval in the circumferential direction. The armature 33 and the stator winding 35 constitute a motor for applying a rotational force to the rotating body 21, and the direction of the current applied to the stator winding 35 is switched so that the rotating body 21 is positively connected. It is designed to allow reverse rotation.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 3, the braking device 13 is a so-called inner expansion type electromagnetic brake, and the rotational force is applied by applying a frictional force to the inner peripheral surface (braking surface 37) of the outer cylindrical portion 25 in the rotating body 21. The body 21 is braked. For this purpose, the braking device 13 includes one fixed block (fixed portion) 39 disposed inside the support plate 15 and two movable blocks (movable portions) disposed symmetrically on both sides of the fixed block. 41.
[0015]
The fixed block 39 has a fixed plate 43 disposed inside the support plate 15. The fixing plate 43 is formed of a magnetic member such as an iron plate, for example, and is fixed to the support plate 15 by a plurality of coupling tools (for example, bolts and nuts) 45. In addition, the fixed plate 43 integrally includes two cutout portions 47 formed in portions facing the movable blocks 41 on both sides, and an iron core portion 49 formed between the two cutout portions 47, An electromagnet 53 is configured by winding a coil 51 around an iron core portion 49.
[0016]
The movable block 41 has a braking arm 55 that is swingably supported by the fixed plate 43 via a support shaft 54. The brake arm 55 is formed of a magnetic member such as an iron plate, like the fixed plate 43, and an armature 57 is integrally formed by bulging an inner portion facing the electromagnet 53 toward the electromagnet 53. A braking portion 59 that faces the braking surface 37 of the rotating body 21 is fixed to the base end side outer portion of the braking arm 55, and the braking portion 59 comes into contact with the braking surface 37 based on the swinging of the braking arm 55. It can be separated. On the other hand, the other end of the pressing spring 61 whose one end is fixed to the support plate 15 is connected to the inner end portion of the braking arm 55, and the urging force of the pressing spring 61 causes the braking portion 59 of the braking arm 55 to brake. It is always biased toward the surface 37.
[0017]
In the braking device 13 having the above configuration, when a current is applied to the coil 51 of the electromagnet 53 from a power source (not shown), a magnetic flux is formed in the iron core portion 49 surrounded by the coil 51. The magnetic flux forms a magnetic circuit 63 that flows through the fixed plate 43 and the braking arm 55 via the iron core portion 49 and the armature 57 facing the iron core portion 49, and generates a magnetic attraction force that attracts the armature 57 to the iron core portion 49. As a result, the braking arm 55 rotates to the electromagnet 53 side against the pressing force of the pressing spring 61, and the braking portion 59 is separated from the braking surface 37 to allow the rotating body 21 to rotate. When the current flowing through the coil 51 is interrupted, the magnetic flux passing through the iron core portion 49 and the armature 57 disappears. As a result, the braking arm 55 is separated from the electromagnet 53 by the urging force of the pressing spring 61, and the braking portion 59 comes into contact with the braking surface 37 to apply the braking force to the rotating body 21.
[0018]
As described above, according to the braking device 13 of the present embodiment, the iron core portion 49 is integrally formed with the fixing plate 43 of the fixing block, and the armature 57 is integrally formed with the braking arm 55. Therefore, the rigidity of the fixed block and the movable block is remarkably high as compared with a conventional brake device in which electromagnets and amateurs formed as independent components or devices are connected to a fixed plate and a brake arm, respectively. Further, the magnetic flux formed by the electromagnet 53 flows through the iron core portion 49 and the armature 57 without leaking through the fixing plate 43 and the braking arm 55. In other words, when the magnetomotive force of the electromagnet 53 is increased, a large amount of magnetic flux formed thereby passes through the iron core portion 49 and the armature 57 without leaking efficiently, and as a result, a large magnetic attraction force is generated between the two. Demonstrate. Therefore, the electromagnet size can be increased to obtain a large braking force, and the rigidity of the braking arm can be increased.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, the iron core portion 49 is integrally formed on the fixing plate 43 and the armature 57 is integrally formed on the brake arm 55. However, the iron core portion 49 is integrally formed on the fixing plate 43. A configuration in which only the armature 57 is formed integrally with the braking arm 55 is also included in the present invention.
[0020]
[Embodiment 2]
In the first embodiment, the fixed block 39 is provided with an electromagnet and the movable block 41 is provided with an armature. Conversely, the movable block 41 may be provided with an electromagnet and the fixed block 39 may be provided with an armature. For example, in the braking device 13A of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, two notches 147 and an iron core portion 149 remaining between them are formed in a portion of the braking arm 55 of the movable block 41 facing the fixed block 39, An electromagnet 153 is formed by winding a coil 151 around the iron core portion 149. When a current is applied to the coil 151, the illustrated magnetic circuit 163 is formed, and both yoke portions are formed from the iron core portion 149 via the armature 157. So that magnetic flux flows through. On the other hand, an armature 157 is formed in the fixed block 39 by bulging a portion facing the electromagnet 153 toward the electromagnet 153.
[0021]
Similarly to the braking device of the first embodiment, the braking device 13A of the second embodiment configured as described above can increase the size of the electromagnet in order to obtain a large braking force and increase the rigidity of the braking arm. it can.
[0022]
In the second embodiment, the armature 157 is integrally formed on the fixing plate 43 and the iron core portion 149 is integrally formed on the braking arm 55. However, the armature 157 is only integrally formed on the fixing plate 143. The present invention and the form in which the iron core portion 149 is formed integrally with the braking arm 55 are also included in the present invention.
[0023]
[Embodiment 3]
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to another braking device (a so-called inwardly expanding electromagnetic brake). Although only one braking device is shown in the drawing, the braking device 13B is arranged symmetrically inside the rotating body 21 as in the first and second embodiments.
[0024]
The braking device 13 includes one or a plurality of horizontal guides (shafts) 371 extending from the support plate 15 in the horizontal direction. The braking slider 355 of the movable block 341 made of a magnetic member (for example, iron) includes a braking portion 359 in the central portion facing the braking surface 37, and the braking surface toward the radial direction (normal direction) of the rotating body 21. 37 is supported by a horizontal guide 371 so as to freely advance and retract. The brake slider 355 also bulges the opposite side of the brake part 359 toward the support part 15, and an armature 357 is integrally formed. Both ends of the brake slider 355 are connected to the other end of a pressing spring 361 having one end fixed to the support plate 15 so as to urge the braking portion 359 toward the braking surface 37. The fixed block 339 has a fixed plate 343 fixed to the support plate 15 with bolts 345 or the like. The fixing plate 343 has two notches 347 and an iron core portion 349 formed in a portion facing the amateur 357, and an electromagnet 353 is formed by winding a coil 351 around the iron core portion 349.
[0025]
According to the braking device 13 </ b> B, the braking slider 355 moves to the left and right based on the excitation / demagnetization of the electromagnet 353, and the braking unit 359 is separated from / contacts the braking surface 37. Further, an iron core portion 349 is integrally formed with the fixing plate 343 of the fixing block 339, and an armature 357 is integrally formed with the brake slider 355. Therefore, the rigidity of the fixed block and the movable block is remarkably higher than the fixed block and the movable block of the conventional braking device. Furthermore, since the magnetic flux formed by the electromagnet 353 flows through the iron core portion 349 and the armature 357 without leaking through the fixed plate 343 and the brake slider 355, a large magnetic attractive force is exerted between them. Therefore, the electromagnet size can be increased to obtain a large braking force, and the rigidity of the braking arm can be increased.
[0026]
[Embodiment 4]
In Embodiment 3, an electromagnet is provided on the fixed block and an armature is provided on the brake slider of the movable block. However, as shown in FIG. 6, an electromagnet may be provided on the brake slider and an armature may be provided on the fixed block. Specifically, the braking device 13B ′ according to the fourth embodiment includes one or more horizontal guides (shafts) 471 extending from the support plate 15 in the horizontal direction. The braking slider 455 of the movable block 441 supports a braking portion 459 at a central portion facing the braking surface 37, and is a horizontal guide that can freely move forward and backward with respect to the braking surface 37 in the radial direction (normal direction) of the rotating body 21. 471 is supported. The brake slider 455 is also formed with two notches 447 at portions facing the support plate 15, and an electromagnet 453 is formed by winding a coil 451 around these notches 447. Both ends of the brake slider 455 are connected to the other end of a pressing spring 461 whose one end is fixed to the support plate 15, and urges the brake portion 459 toward the brake surface 37. The fixed block 439 has a fixed plate 443 fixed to the support plate 15 with bolts 445 or the like, and a portion facing the electromagnet 453 is an amateur 457.
[0027]
According to the braking device 13B ′, the braking slider 455 moves to the left and right based on the excitation / demagnetization of the electromagnet 453, and the braking unit 459 moves away from and contacts the braking surface 37. In addition, an armature 457 is integrally formed on the fixed plate 443 of the fixed block 439, and an electromagnet 453 is integrally formed on the brake slider 455. Therefore, the rigidity of the fixed block and the movable block is remarkably higher than the fixed block and the movable block of the conventional braking device. Furthermore, since the magnetic flux formed by the electromagnet 453 flows through the electromagnet 453 and the armature 457 without leaking through the fixed plate 443 and the brake slider 455, a large magnetic attractive force is exerted between them. Therefore, the electromagnet size can be increased to obtain a large braking force, and the rigidity of the braking arm can be increased. Therefore, similarly to the braking device of the third embodiment, the electromagnet size can be increased in order to obtain a large braking force, and the rigidity of the braking arm can be increased.
[0028]
[Embodiment 5]
FIG. 7 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to another braking device (so-called external expansion type electromagnetic brake). The braking devices 13C are disposed on both sides of the rotating body 521, respectively. Each braking device 13 </ b> C is supported by a fixed support 515, a fixed block 539 fixed to the fixed support 515, and a fixed block 539 via a fulcrum 554 so as to be able to swing and to be moved forward and backward by the rotating body 521. A brake arm 555 of the movable block 541 is included. Both the fixed block 539 and the brake arm 555 are formed of a magnetic member (for example, an iron member). The braking arm 555 supports a braking portion 559 disposed at a portion facing the rotating body 521, and an armature portion 557 is integrally provided on the opposite side of the braking portion 559. On the other hand, in the fixed block 539, two notches 547 and an iron core portion 549 are formed in a portion facing the amateur portion 557, and an electromagnet 553 is formed by winding a coil 551 around the iron core portion 549.
[0029]
According to the braking device 13 </ b> C, the braking arm 555 swings based on the excitation / demagnetization of the electromagnet 553, and the braking unit 559 moves away from and contacts the outer peripheral surface (braking surface) of the rotating body 521. Further, since the iron core portion 549 is formed integrally with the fixed block 539 and the armature portion 557 is formed integrally with the brake arm 555, the rigidity of the fixed block and the movable block is fixed to that of the conventional brake device. It is significantly higher than blocks and movable blocks. Further, since the magnetic flux formed by the electromagnet 553 flows without leaking through the fixed block 539 and the braking arm 555 via the iron core portion 549 and the armature portion 557, a large magnetic attractive force is exerted between them. Therefore, the electromagnet size can be increased to obtain a large braking force, and the rigidity of the braking arm can be increased.
[0030]
In Embodiment 4, the iron core of the electromagnet is integrally provided on the fixed block and the armature portion is integrally provided on the movable block. However, the armature portion is integrally formed on the fixed block, and the iron core of the electromagnet is integrally formed on the movable block. You may form in.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the braking device of the present invention, a stronger magnetic attraction force can be obtained by enlarging the electromagnet while ensuring sufficient rigidity in the fixed part and the movable part in a limited space. Can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an elevator lifting / lowering device including a braking device according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hoisting device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partial front view of the braking device according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a partial front view of a braking device according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a braking device according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a braking device according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a braking device according to a fourth embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
13 braking device, 21 rotating body, 37 braking surface, 45 braking arm, 53 electromagnet, 57 amateur, 59 braking part, 61 spring.

Claims (2)

A movable portion that supports the electromagnet and the braking portion; a stationary portion having an armature; and a spring that applies a biasing force to the movable portion to bring the braking portion into contact with the braked portion, and attracts the amateur with the electromagnet. Thus, in the braking device in which the stationary part including the amateur remains stationary and only the movable part is operated to separate the braking part from the braked part.
  The braking device, wherein the fixed portion and the amateur are integrally formed of the same material. The braking device according to claim 1, wherein the movable part and the iron core of the electromagnet are integrally formed of the same material .

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