JP4452082B2 - Special bathing system and wheelchair / stretcher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a special bathing system for people who cannot bathe on their own, and a wheelchair / stretcher to be used therefor.

  In special bathing equipment called supine bathing (or sleeping bath), which is often used in various welfare facilities such as nursing homes and hospitals, there are three points: the bathtub body, stretcher and slide stretcher. Is the minimum required equipment. These three dimensions in the length direction need to be longer than the height of the bather, of course, in order to color the posture in which the bather is laid on his / her back. In addition, the total weight of the stretcher, slide stretcher, and bather will easily exceed 100 kg. For this reason, transfer work (transfer work) to transfer the bather to the slide stretcher on the stretcher in a posture, transfer from the dressing room (or living room) to the bathroom, and from the bathroom to the dressing room (or living room). Each of the assistance tasks such as transporting to the bath, docking the stretcher to a predetermined position on the bathtub body, and sliding work for bathing and taking the bather between the stretcher and the bathtub body together with the stretcher are made by one person. The current situation is that it is not performed by the assistants, and is performed by at least two assistants arranged before and after the stretcher.

  In addition, in such a type of bathing device, the bather who can maintain a sitting position instead of being bedridden will perform each of the above-mentioned assistance work in the laid position from the beginning. Regardless of the need for multiple helpers.

  The present invention provides a new and useful special bathing system that solves the above-mentioned problems and a wheelchair / stretcher capable of changing the posture for bathers who cannot take a bath by themselves but can hold a sitting position. It is to provide. For bathers who cannot maintain the sitting position, a natural stretcher is naturally used.

A special bathing system according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a movable carriage part, a seat part divided into a back seat, a seat seat and a leg seat, and an elevating means for raising and lowering the seat part, The reclining means for rotating the back seat and the leg seat in conjunction with the operation of the lifting means and the seat portion are provided with separating means that can be separated from the lifting means , and as the reclining means, A lower stand standing upright from the carriage portion and a roller at the upper end of the lower stand, and an L-shaped channel for guiding the roller by entering the roller in the back muscle direction of the back surface of the back seat. As the seat rises, the back seat is regulated by the roller and reclines. When the seat is fully reclining, the roller Using a wheelchair and stretcher to leave Le, and optionally converting the bather posture capable of holding the seated position, characterized in that so as to bathe in the bed bath special bath.

The wheelchair / stretcher according to claim 2 includes a movable carriage part , a riding part divided into a back seat, a seat seat and a leg seat, and a seat part between the riding part and the carriage part. There is a reclining means for raising and lowering the apparatus, and a reclining means for rotating the back seat and the seat seat in conjunction with the operation of the raising and lowering means. It has a roller at the upper end of the stand and the lower stand, and has an L-shaped channel that guides the roller by the roller entering in the back muscle direction of the back of the back seat, and as the seat rises the back sheet is reclined is restricted to the rollers, in the occupant seat full reclining state is formed such that the roller is disengaged from the channel, and By serial Noza portion is separably formed from said lifting means, characterized in that to be able freely selected in the form of wheelchair and stretcher.

The wheelchair / stretcher according to claim 3 is configured such that the back seat is slidably installed in the seat portion according to the previous claim, and one end of the back seat is connected to a forcible flexible plate, The back seat is connected to a seat seat that is fixed so as not to slide on the end opposite to the back seat, and the back seat is moved by utilizing the shape change of the forced plate during the reclining operation.

  According to the special bathing system according to claim 1, for the bather who can hold the sitting position, the transfer and the transfer work are performed in the chair sitting position where the bather is seated, and the bathing / bathing is performed. The front and back body washing, docking and wiping operations are performed by arbitrarily selecting the chair sitting position or the supine position or an intermediate position between the two, and the sliding work during bathing / bathing can be performed under the supine position. Because the person himself is not forced to take an unnatural supine posture from the beginning, comfortable bathing can be expected, and for the caregiver side, the work efficiency is improved and the excessive labor of the replacement work in particular is eliminated. All bathing assistance work can be accomplished smoothly and comfortably with just one helper. Furthermore, in terms of economy, not only the labor saving effect but also the existing bath tub main body can be used, which brings about a great merit that it is not necessary to newly install a bath main body dedicated to sitting.

  The wheelchair / stretcher according to claim 2 is not only small and compact compared to a conventional sleeper-only stretcher as a result of the carriage part being made in a wheelchair size. Regardless of the time of use, it is possible to effectively use a bathroom having a limited space.

  According to the wheelchair / stretcher according to claim 3, a feeling of pressure caused by raising the back at the time of changing the posture of the bather is eliminated, so that comfortable bathing can be enjoyed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1C are side views showing the operating state of the present invention, in which M is a bather, B is a bathtub body, and CS is a wheelchair and stretcher according to the present invention. The wheelchair / stretcher CS includes a carriage part D, an elevating part C that moves up and down with respect to the carriage part D through elevating means A described later, a seat part L that can be separated from the elevating part C, and Reclining means for automatically reclining the seat portion L following the operation of the lift means A, separation / sliding means for separating and sliding the seat portion L from the lift portion C, and the like are provided. When the wheelchair cum stretcher CS is in the lower end position as shown in FIG. 1A, the wheelchair is colored. At the upper end position as shown in FIG. It reclins automatically and changes into a shape almost identical to a well-known slide stretcher for sleeping. Therefore, according to the present invention, the posture of the bather M on the sitting portion L is automatically converted from the chair sitting position to the supine position or vice versa according to the up-and-down movement. As a result, the loading and transport assistance work can be performed in the chair sitting position with the bather M on the wheelchair, and the sliding work at the time of bathing and bathing is performed in the supine position. Can be done. On the other hand, assistance work before and after entering / exiting, that is, docking to and releasing from the bathtub main body B, pre-washing work such as shower before bathing, and body wiping work with towel after bathing, etc., should be done to the height of the assistant Accordingly, either the form of FIG. 1A, the form of FIG. 1B, or an intermediate form of both may be selected.

Next, the detailed structure of the wheelchair / stretcher CS will be described. FIGS. 2 to 4 are views in which the seat portion L of the wheelchair / stretcher CS is removed, and the carriage portion indicated by the reference symbol D includes a carriage frame 1 whose main part is a rectangular frame, and the carriage frame 1. The caster 3 is attached to a boss 2 attached to each corner and is formed to be movable. The distance X between the casters in the front-rear direction of the cart portion D is set to a size of about 700 mm, which is almost the same as that of a dedicated wheelchair or a normal wheelchair used in a well-known wheelchair bathing apparatus. This dimension X is remarkably shortened as compared with the dimension of about 1000 mm of the dedicated stretcher for sleeping bath. In addition, the mounting pitch Y of the said caster 3 in the left-right direction is also set to about 450-460 mm similarly to a wheelchair. In addition, a foot pedal 4 that simultaneously locks the four wheels of the caster 3, a known docking member (not shown) for docking with the bathtub body B, a guide roller 5, etc. It is installed. Further, a plate 6 having a U-shaped cut portion as shown in FIG. 4 is joined to the carriage portion D at the rear portion of the carriage frame 1, and the lower stand 7 is fixed on the plate 6. Yes. The lower stand 7 has a front surface opened and the entire rear surface or both side surfaces are partially or partially closed. On the left and right sides of the upper edge portion, reclining rollers 8 and 8 for the seat portion L described later. Is pivotally attached. Reference numeral 9 denotes a reinforcing frame, and 10 denotes a cover.

  Next, the raising / lowering part C which raises / lowers by the raising / lowering means A mentioned later is demonstrated. The elevating part C includes an upper stand 11 whose rear surface is open opposite to the lower stand 7, a top plate 13 coupled to the upper stand 11 by connecting bolts and nuts 12, and left and right disposed on the top plate 13. A pair of guide rails 14, 14 and a known overrun prevention / stop block 15 are formed. Reference numeral 16 denotes an opening provided in the top plate 13. Note that the same guide rail and overrun prevention / stop block as described above are also installed on the frame in the bathtub body B.

  The carriage part D and the lifting part C are connected by lifting means A as follows. That is, the electric actuator 17 is pivotally attached to the bracket 18 fixed to the lower surface of the plate 6 through the pin 19 through the portion where the end of the telescopic rod is cut into the U-shape of the plate 6 and the head at the other end. The end is pivotally attached to a bracket 20 fixed to the upper stand 11 via a pin 21. Further, between the stands 7 and 11, the link ends of the pair of straight links 22 and 22 and the bent links 23 and 23 are pivotally supported via connecting shafts 24, 25, 26 and 27. is there.

  Next, the seat portion L that is slidably mounted on the guide rail 14 of the elevating portion C will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are plan views of the wheelchair when lowered and the seat portion when fully reclining when lifted. As is clear from this figure, the upper surface of the seat has three seat plates or backs. The seat 28, the seat 29 and the leg seat 30 are formed. Each of these sheet plates is obtained by laying a soft mat having a cushion function on a molded product such as FRP. In the figure, 31 indicates a footrest and 32 indicates a headrest.

  The frame structure shown in FIG. 7 is employed on the lower surface of each sheet 28, 29, 30. In the figure, 33 and 33 are a pair of main frames extending in the front-rear direction, and slide cases 34 and 34, in which a large number of rollers 34A are housed so as to be able to roll, are arranged orthogonally on the lower surfaces near both ends. A cross member 35 is positioned on the lower surface of the seat 29, and both ends are joined to the main frames 33 and 33, and 36 and 36 are sub-frames. A pair of back seat frames 37A, 37B using square pipes are provided in parallel on the lower surface of the back seat 28, and one end of the frame is pivotally connected to a stage 38, 38 rigidly connected to the cross member 35. It is rotatably attached via 39,39. Of the frames 37A and 37B for the back seat, an arm 40 is fixed to one of the frames 37A, and a link (not shown), a connecting rod 41, and other appropriate connections connected to the end of the arm. The frame 42A communicates with one of the frames 42A and 42B for the leg sheet 30 via the member. One end of each of the leg seat frames 42A and 42B is pivotally attached to the main frames 33 and 33, and the other end is attached with an attachment shaft of the footrest 31. Accordingly, the leg seat frames 42A and 42B and the footrest 31 rotate in conjunction with the rotational operation of the back seat frames 37A and 37B via the arm 40, the connecting rod 41, and the like. The seat sheet 29 and the leg sheet 30 are fixed to each frame directly or to a bracket (not shown) attached to the frame.

  On the other hand, the back seat 28 is not fixed to the back seat frame, but is fixed to a sliding plate 43 movable with respect to the frames 37A and 37B. The sliding plate 43 is a high-strength resin plate (trade name: Kaidak) having a thickness of about 3 mm and having one end fixed to the cross member 35, or the other end of a forced plate 44 made of a spring steel plate or the like. Are connected. Further, a sliding plate 45 made of a material having a low friction coefficient is interposed between the back surface of the sliding plate 43 and the back seat frames 37A and 37B via a plate 45A fixed to the frames 37A and 37B as shown in FIG. Is installed. Further, the slide plate 43 is provided with a guide post 46 on the upper edge bent piece, and the moving rod 47 of the headrest 32 is inserted therethrough. The distal end of the moving rod 47 faces the frame through a guide block 37C provided at the distal ends of the frames 37A and 37B. The height of the headrest 32 is adjusted by the guide posts 46 and the adjustment knobs 48 and 49 provided on the back surface of the headrest. Further, one piece 50B, 50B of the L-shaped channels 50, 50 is joined to the outer wall of the back seat frames 37A, 37B, and the other non-joint pieces 50A, 50A are opened toward the inside. And bend portions 50C and 50C at the lower end thereof. Between the channels 50A and 50A and the plates 45A and 45A, the rollers 8 and 8 provided at the upper end of the lower stand 7 in the carriage portion D described above are designed to enter and guide the rollers. Further, the back seat frames 37A and 37B are provided with a stop block 52 so as to come into contact with the stopper 51 planted in the slide case 34 at the highest position, as well as a transport handle 53 for an assistant, A safety handrail 54 for a bather (see FIG. 7) is optionally attached.

The seat portion L formed as described above is configured such that the roller 34A of the slide case 34 is slidably placed on the guide rail 14 of the lift portion C, whereby the wheelchair and stretcher CS according to the present invention is configured. It is what is done. The seat portion L is engaged with the known overrun prevention / stop block 15 described above, and a known engagement member for stopping the seat portion L to a predetermined position on the lift portion B, and A release member (none of which is shown) is attached, and when docking with the bathtub main body B as shown in FIG. 1C, the seat portion L is freely and safely between the bather M and the bathtub main body B. It can come and go.

Subsequently, the use and operating state of the present invention will be described. In the wheelchair / stretcher CS according to the above-described configuration, when the wheelchair form, that is, when the electric actuator 17 is lowered and lowered, the fixed rollers 8 and 8 attached to the upper end of the lower stand 7 as shown in FIG. The back seat 28 is positioned in an upright position (the actual back seat angle is around 70 °) and is located at the upper rear portion of 37A and 37B. At this time, the forced plate 44 that connects the sliding plate 43 and the cross member 35 is formed with a gently bent portion 44A in a position close to the connecting portion with the cross member 35. The movement of the so-called “back raising” is dealt with by pulling up the back seat 28 by a predetermined amount in the direction of the arrow ZU via 43.

  Under such setting, the bather M who can maintain the sitting posture takes the helper's hand from a waiting place such as a dressing room and transfers to the wheelchair. At this time, the safety handrail 54 for the bather is flipped up backward, the side fence 55 (see FIG. 1) is rotated 180 ° and hung downward, and the legrest 31 is as shown by the broken line in FIG. It is necessary to remove the obstacle at the time of transfer by keeping away from the front surface of the leg sheet 30.

  After the bather M is seated on the wheelchair, the assistant wears a safety belt (not shown) and then returns the above-described safety handrail, side fence, and legrest to the original state. Subsequently, the foot pedal 4 is pushed up to release the lock of the caster 3, and the transfer handle 53 for assistance is grasped and moved toward the shower installation place in the bathroom.

Since the wheelchair / stretcher CS according to the present invention takes the form of a wheelchair, the above-mentioned assistance work, that is, transfer and transport work, is held by a plurality of helpers as in the past for a bather who can maintain a sitting position. On the other hand, since it is not necessary to lift and lay on its back, it is not necessary to transfer it onto the stretcher, so even a single assistant can expect easy and reliable assistance.

  When the wheelchair reaches the vicinity of the shower installation, the body is washed in the shower while in the chair sitting position or in a state where the height of the bather M is slightly lifted as described later according to the height of the assistant. . After completion of the above work, if a parallel movement is made along the longitudinal direction of the bathtub while approaching the bathtub body B and pressing the guide roller 5 against the lower outer wall surface of the bathtub body B, a known docking member is activated. Fix in the desired position. Such pre-washing and docking operations can be performed easily even by a single caregiver because the lengthwise dimension between casters is considerably shorter than conventional stretchers and the work height can be freely selected. Is possible.

  When the docking operation is completed, the electric actuator 17 is extended. At the same time that the entire lift part C starts to rise due to the extension movement of the electric actuator, the seat part L operates as follows. That is, the seat 29 in the seat portion L is simply lifted up following the ascending movement of the elevating portion C. However, the back seat 28 is regulated by the roller 8 located on the back surface thereof, so that the reclining is performed while ascending. Start. In relation to such movement, the radius of curvature of the bent portion 44 of the forcing plate 44 begins to change, and the back seat 28 gradually begins to move downward through the sliding plate 43. On the other hand, the leg seat 30 and the leg rest 31 begin to rotate in the direction of raising the foot while moving upward in conjunction with the reclining operation of the back seat 28 via the arm 40, the connecting rod 41, and the like. Accordingly, the posture of the bather M is shifted from the chair sitting position to the direction in which the bather M is gradually laid down.

  When reaching the rising end, that is, full reclining as shown in FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C, the stop block 52 fixed to the back frames 37A and 37B comes into contact with the stopper 51 to stop further extension movement of the electric actuator 17. In such a full reclining state, the bather M's posture is completely automatically converted to a supine posture that matches the bath body B for sleeping, and at the same time, the guide rail 14 and the bathtub installed in the elevating part C are used for the next sliding operation. The height and the straightness between the guide rail (not shown) on the main body B side are adjusted and installed in advance so as to coincide with each other. Further, in the full reclining state, the forcing plate 44 is changed to a bent portion 44B bent at an obtuse angle as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 8, and the back seat 28 is pushed down by a predetermined amount in the arrow ZD direction. When returning from the fully reclining state at the time of ascent to the original wheelchair state as will be described later, the forcing plate 44 bends gently at the bent portion 44B to form a bent portion 44A, and as a result, the back seat 28 is placed in a posture. Since the body is pulled up in the direction of the arrow ZU in response to the raising of the body accompanying the change, the pressure of the bather can be eliminated. Next, if the engagement member engaged with the overrun prevention / stop block 15 is released and the bather M is slid by a predetermined amount toward the bathtub body B for each of the seat portions L, the inside of the bathtub body B The engagement member engages with the similar overrun prevention and stop block provided in the tank, and is fixed at a predetermined position in the tank. In such a sliding operation, since the length of the caster in the front-rear direction is short, the assistant's work position can be performed at a position close to the bather M in the supine posture, and even one assistant can be surely spared. Can be implemented.

  After confirming that the seat portion L is securely fixed, the bath of the bathtub body B is raised or the bather M is lowered to start bathing. When the desired bathing is over, the operation reverse to the above is performed to automatically convert the bather's posture from supine to chair sitting. At this time, in order to deal with the bather's back raising, as described above, the back seat 28 is appropriately moved upward so as not to give the bather a feeling of pressure. In short, by providing a wheelchair and stretcher that can automatically convert a bather who can maintain a sitting position from a chair sitting position to a supine position, a bathing system that best matches the physical condition of the bather and the degree of care required can be established. Many benefits such as labor saving and economic effects can be expected.

It is a side view which shows the operation state of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a fall. It is a side view which shows the operation state of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a raise. It is a side view which shows the operation state of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state docked with the bathtub main body. It is a side view which deleted a part of wheelchair cum stretcher of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a fall. It is a front view which deleted a part of wheelchair cum stretcher of the present invention, and is a figure showing a state at the time of descent. It is a side view which deleted a part of wheelchair cum stretcher of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a raise. It is the front view which deleted a part of wheelchair cum stretcher of this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of a raise. It is a partially broken top view of the trolley | bogie part of the wheelchair and stretcher which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the seating part of the wheelchair cum stretcher which concerns on this invention, and is a figure which shows the wheelchair state at the time of a fall. It is a top view of the seat part of the wheelchair cum stretcher which concerns on this invention, and is a figure which shows the stretcher state at the time of a raise. It is the top view which removed the seat of the seat part of the wheelchair and stretcher concerning the present invention. It is a principal part vertical side view of FIG. It is a principal part cross-sectional plan view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Cart frame 3 Caster 7 Lower stand 8 Roller 11 Upper stand 13 Top plate 14 Guide rail 17 Electric actuator 28 Back seat 29 Seat seat 30 Leg seat 33 Main frame 34 Slide case 34A Roller 35 Cross member 37A, 37B Back seat frame 41 Connecting rod 43 Sliding plate 44 Forced plate 44A Curved portion 44B Bending portion A Lifting means B Bath body C Lifting portion D Carriage portion L Seating portion M Bathing person
CS wheelchair and stretcher

Claims (3)

A movable carriage part, a seat part divided into a back seat, a seat seat and a leg seat, an elevating means for raising and lowering the seat part, and the back seat and the leg following the operation of the elevating means The reclining means that rotates in conjunction with the seat and the seat portion include separation means that can be separated from the lifting means ,
As the reclining means, there is a lower stand standing upright and fixed from the carriage part, and a roller at the upper end of the lower stand, and the roller enters the back muscle direction of the back surface of the back seat and guides the roller Shaped channels,
As the seat rises, the back seat is regulated by the roller and reclines, and when the seat is in a fully reclining state, the roller is removed from the channel using a wheelchair / stretcher to change the sitting posture. A special bathing system characterized by arbitrarily changing the posture of the bather that can be held and bathing in a special bath tub for sleeping. A movable carriage part , a seat part divided into a back seat, a seat seat and a leg seat, and a lifting means for raising and lowering the seat part are installed between the seat part and the carriage part, and the raising and lowering A reclining means for rotating the back seat and the seat seat in conjunction with the operation of the means;
As the reclining means, there is a lower stand standing upright and fixed from the carriage part, and a roller at the upper end of the lower stand, and the roller enters the back muscle direction of the back surface of the back seat and guides the roller Shaped channels,
As the seat rises, the back seat is regulated by the roller and reclines, and the seat is formed so that the roller separates from the channel when the seat is fully reclining.
In addition, a wheelchair / stretcher characterized in that the seat portion is formed so as to be separable from the elevating means so that the form of the wheelchair and the stretcher can be arbitrarily selected. In the passenger seat described in the previous paragraph,
The back sheet is slidably installed and one end of the back sheet is connected to a forcible flexible plate,
The forced plate is connected to a seat seat fixed so as not to slide on the end opposite to the back seat,
The wheelchair and stretcher according to claim 2, wherein the back seat is arbitrarily moved by utilizing the shape change of the forced plate during the reclining operation.