JP4460651B2 - Wood material thermoforming equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood material thermoforming apparatus that presses a wood material that is pressed and molded in a press space in a heated state with a mold.

  The heat and pressure molding material is a material that can be molded using water and heat, such as hydrogen bonding and hydrothermal synthesis. Specific examples include inorganic raw materials such as cement and calcium materials, cellulose raw materials such as paper pulp, wooden raw materials, and organic raw materials such as plastics. More specific examples of use include, for example, the production of tobermorite by hydrothermal heat under physical compression with a calcium silicate material, making it possible to produce a high-strength molded product by densification, a high-strength heat insulating material, and inorganic molding It can be used for civil engineering and construction as a material. In addition, by forming cellulose fibers such as paper pulp under hydrothermal conditions, it is possible to mold using the shape memory effect of cellulose, and dry molding of paper pulp that does not require an adhesive is possible. Can be used for functional materials. Furthermore, recombination and plastic deformation can be performed by physically compressing the wood raw material or the like under hydrothermal conditions under pressure. In this case, after hydrothermal treatment, it is possible to rapidly cool and perform precision molding in a short time. It can also be used for drying applications while restraining pressure on wood. Furthermore, by molding organic raw materials such as plastics under hydrothermal conditions, it is possible to simultaneously decompose and synthesize various materials.

  The inventor has developed a press apparatus according to Patent Document 1 as an apparatus that can be used for this purpose. As shown in FIG. 1, the press device presses a press plate 21 that presses a heat and pressure molding material W such as a wood material in an airtight state, and presses the press plate 21 against the heat and pressure molding material W. A pressing mechanism 22 and a heating mechanism for heating the press plate 21 to a predetermined temperature are provided. Furthermore, the press device connects a pressurized gas source 24 that supplies pressurized gas that does not add water vapor, such as air, nitrogen gas, and carbon dioxide gas, to an airtight sealed chamber 23 formed inside the press plate 21. is doing. The pressurized gas source 24 presses the pressurized air into the sealed chamber 23 in a state in which the heated and pressurized molding material W in the sealed chamber 23 is pressed by the press plate 21 and raises the sealed chamber 23 to a predetermined pressure.

  This apparatus presses both sides of the heating and pressing molding material W with the press plate 21 and heats and pressurizes the heating and pressing molding material W to a temperature and pressure that allow hydrothermal molding in the sealed chamber 23. Further, a gas such as air, nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas is press-fitted into the sealed chamber 23 that heats and pressurizes the heating and pressing molding material W, and the sealed chamber 23 is pressurized to a predetermined pressure to perform heating and press molding. The material W is hydrothermally formed.

  The present inventor has also developed a press apparatus according to Patent Document 2, which is an improvement of Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the pressing device includes a molding die 1 that presses and molds a hot-pressing molding material, a pressing mechanism 2 that presses the molding die 1 against a heating and pressing molding material W, and a molding die 1. And a heating mechanism for heating to a predetermined temperature. Further, this press-molding material pressing apparatus has a molding die 1 disposed in a pressure control chamber 6 provided in a pressure vessel 3 that can be hermetically sealed and opened and closed, and the pressure control chamber of the pressure vessel 3 is provided. 6 is connected to a pressurized gas source 7 that supplies pressurized gas that does not add water vapor such as air, nitrogen gas, and carbon dioxide gas. A state in which the pressure control chamber 6 is pressurized with pressurized air and the pressure control chamber 6 is maintained at a predetermined pressure in a state where the mold 1 is heated and pressed in the pressure control chamber 6 by heating and pressurizing the molding material W. Then, the heat and pressure molding material W is molded by heating and pressing with the mold 1. In this pressing apparatus, the pressing mechanism 2 of the mold 1 is a cylinder 9 and the rod 9A of the cylinder 9 is hermetically penetrated through the pressure-resistant container 3 so that the mold 1 can be pressed. Furthermore, the mold 1 can incorporate a heating mechanism and a cooling mechanism. The pressure control chamber 6 can be connected to a pressurized gas source 7 and a vacuum pump 14. This apparatus pressurizes the pressure control chamber 6 with a pressurized gas source 7 and presses the heat and pressure molding material W in a heated state, and then depressurizes the pressure control chamber 6 with a vacuum pump 14 to heat and press molding material. W can be cooled.

On the other hand, a method using an autoclave as shown in Patent Document 3 has also been developed. In this method, as shown in FIG. 3, a molding die is disposed in a cylindrical autoclave 25 that is hermetically sealed. This device supplies high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the kettle to raise the temperature and pressure, and presses with the mold placed here while applying physical compression force in the kettle and molds it. . In this apparatus, since the mold is disposed in the autoclave 25 that is hermetically sealed, there is no need to hermetically seal the inside when the mold is pressed. Can be resolved.
Japanese Patent No. 3002197 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-248641 Japanese Patent No. 2569376

  However, in each of the above configurations, the pressurized gas is injected into the airtightly closed chamber, the inside of the chamber is pressurized to a predetermined pressure, and in this state, pressure molding is performed with a molding die. There was a drawback of being bad. This is because the entire atmosphere in the chamber needs to be at a high pressure, and not only the molding die installed in the chamber but also the surrounding space is pressurized.

  In addition, the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require that the press chamber for pressure forming be sealed, and thus there is a problem that the mechanism for transporting the wooden material to the press chamber and taking out the molded wooden material becomes complicated. It was. Even if you try to transport the wood material with a conveyor belt, there is no space for the belt to pass, and if such a space is provided, airtightness cannot be maintained, so use the conveyor-type transport method to transport the wood material to the press room. Can not do it.

  Further, the method of Patent Document 3 using an autoclave has a drawback that the thermal efficiency is extremely poor. The autoclave uses a hollow cylindrical chamber as a heating kettle, but it is not easy to install a mechanism for pressing the top and bottom of the wooden material in a sandwich shape inside the cylindrical shape. In addition, when a cylindrical container that can store such a pressing mechanism is used, there is an adverse effect that the apparatus is increased in size, and the capacity is further increased, so that the thermal efficiency is also deteriorated. This is because the autoclave heats the wood material indirectly through the heating steam by filling the container with the heating steam to raise the atmosphere. Therefore, as the volume increases, a larger amount of heating steam is required, and the energy for that increases. In particular, in an autoclave that uses a cylindrical chamber, there is a wasteful space that is not used for pressing, and it is necessary to heat the entire chamber, so the wasteful space must also be heated and heated. The energy efficiency also deteriorates.

  Furthermore, in the case of a cylindrical autoclave, the wood material is inserted and discharged from the opening portion opened on one bottom surface, so that there is a problem that it is difficult to convey the wood material. This is because the wood material cannot be transported in a conveyer manner because it is carried in and discharged from one opening, and the mechanism for inserting and removing the wood material becomes complicated.

  Furthermore, there is also a problem that heat is lost when the wooden material is taken in and out, resulting in poor thermal efficiency. During heating, the opening is sealed and heating steam is filled in the autoclave to heat the inside of the kettle.However, when the opening is opened during loading and unloading, outside air flows from the opening into the kettle, and the heated steam The outside air loses heat and becomes condensate, and the temperature in the autoclave drops rapidly. After exchanging the wood material, the opening must be sealed again and filled with heating steam, and the lowered temperature must be raised to a predetermined temperature again. As described above, there is a problem that heat is lost every time the wood material is taken in and out, the heat efficiency is extremely poor, and a great amount of energy is consumed.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems. A first object of the present invention is to provide a wood material thermoforming apparatus with high thermal efficiency and space efficiency.

  On the other hand, in order to increase the added value of the wooden material, it is conceivable to use a wooden material that can be used for structural materials. In order to be used as a timber such as a structural material, it needs to have a certain thickness, a sufficient strength, and a uniform strength distribution. Here, as the wood material using the waste material, a particle board obtained by pulverizing the waste material into chips and heating and pressing it is generally used. However, since the particle board has a hard surface and a soft structure inside, and the strength is insufficient, it is difficult to form a thick, high-strength, uniform wood material in a short time by the conventional heat-pressure molding method. there were. On the other hand, there is a method of increasing the adhesive to increase the strength, but this method has a problem that the cost becomes high. Under such circumstances, there has been a demand for a method for obtaining a wood material having a uniform strength without increasing the amount of adhesive.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems. A second object of the present invention is to provide a wood material thermoforming apparatus capable of forming a thicker wood material with a uniform strength distribution.

In order to achieve the above object, a wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention forms a polyhedral wood material by heat-molding a wood material constituting the wood material in a steam atmosphere. This wood material thermoforming apparatus supplies a plurality of closed plates 26 constituting a press space in which the wood material M is surrounded by at least six sides and hermetically closed, and supplies steam to send steam to the press space. A steam delivery mechanism 28 for connecting the steam supply source S to the press space, a press plate 26A which is disposed in the press space and presses the wood raw material M to heat-mold it, and the press plate 26A is a closing plate 26 and a pressing portion 29 for pressing the wooden material M in a posture parallel to any one of the two. In addition, the closing plate 26 includes a heating unit 30 for heating the closing plate 26 itself to a predetermined temperature. Further, at least one of the closing plates 26 includes therein a steam passage 31 through which steam delivered from the steam delivery mechanism 28 passes, and a steam ejection hole for communicating steam to the wood material M in communication with the steam passage 31. A plurality of 32 are provided. The wood material M softened by the heat of the heating unit 30 and the steam from the steam ejection holes 32 is pressed by the pressing plate 26A and is heat-molded . Further, the pressing plate 26A is pressed against the wood material M. The pressing portion 29 includes a cylinder, and the rod of the cylinder is hermetically penetrated through at least one closing plate 26 constituting the press space, and the rear end of the rod through-hole is interposed through a member having heat insulation properties. Is inserted . With this configuration, all the wall surfaces constituting the press space are provided with a heating mechanism, and the wood raw material M can be directly heated on the contact surface. For this reason, compared with the method of heating the atmosphere in a chamber indirectly, for example, the wood raw material M can be heated with a very high thermal efficiency, and it is excellent in energy efficiency. Furthermore, since a cylindrical chamber unlike an autoclave is not required and a heating part is built in the closing plate itself and can also be used as a heat insulating partition wall of the chamber, the apparatus can be miniaturized. In addition, since the press space is formed by combining the six closed plates, an excellent feature that the wood material M can be easily carried in and delivered by developing the closed plate is realized. Furthermore, with this configuration, heat formation is achieved while maintaining the sealed structure, and heat inside the press space is thermally blocked from the outside, causing heat to be transferred to the outside and adversely affecting Can be avoided.

The other wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention is a wood material thermoforming apparatus that forms a polyhedral wood material by heat-molding the wood material constituting the wood material in a steam atmosphere. Steam for connecting a steam supply source S for supplying steam to the press space in order to send steam to the press space, and a plurality of closing plates 26 that form a press space enclosed by at least six surfaces and hermetically closed The feed mechanism 28, a press plate 26A that is disposed in the press space and presses the wood material M to heat-mold it, and the pressure plate 26A is placed on the wood material M in a posture parallel to any one of the closing plates 26. And a pressing portion 29 for pressing. In addition, the closing plate 26 includes a heating unit 30 for heating the closing plate 26 itself to a predetermined temperature. Further, at least one of the closing plates 26 includes therein a steam passage 31 through which steam delivered from the steam delivery mechanism 28 passes, and a steam ejection hole for communicating steam to the wood material M in communication with the steam passage 31. A plurality of 32 are provided. The wood material M softened by the heat of the heating unit 30 and the steam from the steam ejection holes 32 is pressed by the pressing plate 26A and is heat-molded. Further, a plurality of steam ejection holes 32 are provided so as to coincide with the coal plate holes 35 provided in the coal plate 34A on which the wood raw material M is placed. With this configuration, it is possible to inject heated steam directly onto the surface of the wood raw material M through the coal plate hole 35, and the steam is not blocked by the coal plate 34A.
Furthermore, another wood material thermoforming apparatus according to the present invention is a wood material thermoforming apparatus that forms a polyhedral wood material by heat-molding a wood material constituting the wood material in a steam atmosphere. Steam for connecting a steam supply source S for supplying steam to the press space in order to send steam to the press space, and a plurality of closing plates 26 that form a press space enclosed by at least six surfaces and hermetically closed The feed mechanism 28, a press plate 26A that is disposed in the press space and presses the wood material M to heat-mold it, and the pressure plate 26A is placed on the wood material M in a posture parallel to any one of the closing plates 26. And a pressing portion 29 for pressing. In addition, the closing plate 26 includes a heating unit 30 for heating the closing plate 26 itself to a predetermined temperature. Further, at least one of the closing plates 26 includes therein a steam passage 31 through which steam delivered from the steam delivery mechanism 28 passes, and a steam ejection hole for communicating steam to the wood material M in communication with the steam passage 31. A plurality of 32 are provided. The wood material M softened by the heat of the heating unit 30 and the steam from the steam ejection holes 32 is pressed by the pressing plate 26A and is heat-molded. Further, in order to depressurize the press space constituted by the closing plate 26, a depressurizing pump 27 having a jet ejector condenser is provided. This configuration provides higher durability and reliability than mechanical vacuum pumps.
Furthermore, in the wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention, the pressing plate 26A and the opposing closing plate 26 are sent from the heating unit 30 for heating the plate itself to a predetermined temperature and the steam delivery mechanism 28, respectively. And a steam passage 31 through which the steam passes, and a plurality of steam ejection holes 32 communicating with the steam passage 31 for ejecting steam to the wood material M are provided. It is formed by pressing with a closing plate 26 facing 26A and thermoforming. With this configuration, all the wall surfaces constituting the press space are provided with a heating mechanism, and the wood raw material M can be directly heated on the contact surface. For this reason, compared with the method of heating the atmosphere in a chamber indirectly, for example, the wood raw material M can be heated with a very high thermal efficiency, and it is excellent in energy efficiency. Furthermore, since a cylindrical chamber as in an autoclave is not required and the heating part 30 is built in the closing plate 26 itself and can also be used as a heat insulating partition wall of the chamber, the apparatus can be miniaturized. In addition, since the press space is formed by combining the six closing plates 26, an excellent feature that the wooden raw material M can be easily carried in and delivered by the opening of the closing plate 26 is realized.

  Furthermore, in order to form a press space, another wood material thermoforming apparatus according to the present invention is configured such that a pair of side plates opposed in parallel in the plurality of closing plates 26 are paired with another pair of side plates opposed to surfaces perpendicular thereto. The side wall is sandwiched. With this structure, the wood material M is compressed between the closing plates 26 from above and below, etc., with the closing plate 26 being fixed on a specific facing surface such as the front and back surfaces of the wood material M to be heated. In addition, the respective surfaces of the wood raw material M can be directly heated by each closing plate 26, so that the surface can be cleanly compressed.

  Furthermore, in the wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention, the closing plate 26 constituting the press space closes the upper surface 26G that closes the upper surface of the wood material M, the lower plate 26B that closes the lower surface, and the left surface. It includes a left plate 26C, a right plate 26D that closes the right surface, a front plate 26E that closes the front surface, and a rear plate 26F that closes the rear surface. With this configuration, a press space can be configured with each plate.

  Furthermore, the other wood material heating and forming apparatus of the present invention further conveys the wood material M to the position constituting the press space from the gap between the lower plate 26B and the plate constituting the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the press space, and molding it. A wood material transport / discharge mechanism 34 is provided for discharging the wood material. For example, a space for passing a conveyor belt can be provided in the press space by combining the separable closing plates 26 to form the press space. For this reason, the wooden raw material M can be efficiently conveyed to the press space and discharged, and workability is improved.

  Furthermore, the other wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention is a steel belt in which the wood material transport / discharge mechanism 34 circulates by placing the wood material M on the upper surface. With this configuration, the wooden raw material M can be efficiently delivered with the circulating steel belt.

  Furthermore, in the other wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention, the wood material transport / discharge mechanism 34 is a call plate 34A on which the wood material M is placed on the upper surface. With this configuration, the wood raw material M can be placed on the call board 34A and sent out efficiently.

Furthermore, in the other wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention, the wood material M includes chips obtained by pulverizing and classifying waste materials. As a result, the waste material can be effectively used to contribute to environmental conservation, and a high-quality recycled product can be obtained using chips obtained by dividing the waste material.
Furthermore, in the other wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention, the call plate hole 35 is formed to be equal to or slightly larger than the steam ejection hole 32. As a result, when press molding is performed with the coal plate 34A tightly attached, steam from the lower plate 26B is sprayed onto the lower surface of the wood material M through the coal plate 34A.

  According to the wood material thermoforming apparatus of the present invention, the wood material can be thermoformed extremely efficiently. This is because the present invention is not an indirect heating method in which the inside of a chamber configured as an autoclave or the like is heated, and the closing plate disposed in the chamber is heated, but the structure itself forming the press space is directly heated. This is because a typical heating method is adopted. For this reason, thermal efficiency is very good, and waste of energy consumption can be reduced and realized at low cost. In addition, since the press space is formed by combining the six closing plates, an excellent feature that the wooden material can be easily carried in and delivered by developing the closing plates is realized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a wood material thermoforming apparatus for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the wood material thermoforming apparatus as follows.

  Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as “claims column” and “means for solving the problems”. It is added to the members shown in the column. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, in the following description, the same name and symbol indicate the same or the same members, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is plural members. It can also be realized by sharing.

  4 to 7 show a wood material thermoforming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wood material thermoforming apparatus shown in this figure includes six closed plates 26 constituting a press space, a decompression pump 27 for decompressing the press space, and a steam delivery mechanism 28 for delivering steam to the press space. And a pressing portion 29 for pressing the pressing plate 26A against the wood material M.

[Wooden raw material M]
As the wood material M constituting the wood material, a waste material or the like crushed into chips is used. The crushed chips are supplied to a belt conveyor, conveyed to a dryer, and dried. Then, classification is performed according to the size of the chip, chips and powder having a diameter of 1 mm or less are excluded, and larger ones are pulverized again. In this way, the chips having the same size are applied and mixed with an adhesive, and are put into homing. And it spreads on the call board 34A from homing, and the weight is measured in a state where it is placed on the call board 34A, and those above the predetermined value are returned again. In this way, only those satisfying the predetermined condition are conveyed to the position where the press space is formed. Moreover, you may perform the process of prepressing the wooden raw material M as needed. The press space is configured to cover the upper, lower, front, back, left, and right of the wooden material M with the closing plate 26. The press space is set according to the size of the wood material after press molding. The individual sizes of the wood material M chips are, for example, 1 to 8 mm in thickness, 20 to 150 mm in length, and the like.

[Blocking plate 26]
The closing plate 26 includes a heating unit 30 for heating the closing plate 26 itself and a steam passage 31 through which steam passes. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a plurality of steam ejection holes 32 that communicate with the steam passage 31 and eject steam to the wood material M are provided on the surface of the closing plate 26. As shown in the cross-sectional view of the closing plate 26 in FIG. 9, the steam passage 31 opens the steam ejection holes 32 on the contact surface with the wood material M at predetermined intervals. The steam passage 31 is communicated with a steam supply source S that supplies steam by the steam delivery mechanism 28. With the configuration in which the press space and the steam supply source S for supplying steam are connected via the steam ejection holes 32 provided in the closure plate 26, the steam ejection holes are pressed by the closure plate 26 pressing the wood material M. Steam is jetted from 32 to the surface of the wood raw material M, and the wooden raw material M is heated by the closing plate 26 and pressed and compressed in a pressurized state. The steam passage 31 and the steam ejection hole 32 are preferably provided in the pressing plate 26A and the lower plate 26B. If the left and right plates 26C and 26D on the side are provided with steam ejection holes, the wood material chips may be clogged with the steam ejection holes and the steam may not be sufficiently ejected. Such a problem can be avoided by providing a hole.

[Heating unit 30]
As shown in the longitudinal sectional view of the closing plate 26 in FIG. 10, the heating unit 30 is configured by allowing the fluid of the heat medium to pass through the fluid passage 33 disposed inside the closing plate 26. The heat medium is encapsulated in each closing plate 26 and circulated for use, or a necessary heat medium is supplied to each closing plate 26 from the heat medium supply unit. In this case, the heat medium can be recirculated and reused or can be disposable. As the heat medium, fluid such as heated water, steam, or thermo oil is used. Alternatively, a heater may be built in the closing plate 26 and heated electrically. The temperature of the fluid of the heat medium and the temperature of the heater are set so that the closing plate 26 has a desired temperature. This heating part is preferably provided on a plate on all sides in contact with the wood material M. In this example, all the blocking plates 26 including the upper plate 26G and the pressing plate 26A are provided, whereby the wood raw material M is evenly heated from the entire surrounding surface, and is uniformly heated to the inside and the vapor penetrates. .

  Further, the temperature of the closing plate 26 may be detected by a temperature sensor, and the temperature may be controlled by feedback control of the heat medium supply source using this value. Or you may use together the heated vapor | steam injected to the wood raw material M as a heat carrier. Thus, the apparatus can be configured simply and inexpensively without separately preparing a heat medium for heating the closing plate. These heat media are passed through the fluid passage 33 to raise the temperature of the closing plate 26. This configuration does not heat the atmosphere in the press space constituted by the closing plate 26, but heats the closing plate 26 and the pressing plate 26A itself so that the heated plate is brought into direct contact with the wood material M. Good heat conduction. In addition, when an autoclave is used, it is an indirect heating method that heats the atmosphere, so the external container itself is not heated, and condensate occurs when the autoclave is opened and hot steam contacts the cold container. However, according to the embodiment of the present invention, condensate does not occur because the temperature of the closing plate 26 itself is high.

[Press space]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the closing plate 26 includes an upper plate 26G and a lower plate 26B for closing the upper and lower sides of the press space, a left plate 26C and a right plate 26D for closing the left and right sides, and a front plate 26E for closing the front and rear sides. And the rear plate 26F. These six closing plates 26 surround the six surfaces of the wood material M to form a press space. However, depending on the shape of the wood material to be molded, it may be composed of seven or more surfaces. For example, the pressing plate 26A arranged in the press space can be bent in a square shape to form a wooden material with an upper surface having a mountain shape. Or the obstruction | occlusion plate 26 is not restricted to the structure which makes the surface planar, It may be provided with the curved surface.

[Pressing plate 26A]
In the press space, a pressing plate 26A that is inserted into the upper plate 26G and presses in the press space is disposed on the upper surface of the wood material M. The pressing plate 26 </ b> A connects the pressing portion 29 upward, and presses the wooden material M downward with the pressing portion 29. The pressing portion 29 can use a hydraulic cylinder. The rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the back surface of the pressing plate 26A by inserting the upper plate 26G in an airtight manner. The through hole is provided with a ring groove on the inner surface, and a packing is fitted therein. This packing improves the airtightness by sliding the rod of the hydraulic cylinder. Use packing with excellent heat resistance. The upper plate 26G first closes the upper surface of the press space as shown in FIG. 4, and then, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressing plate 26A presses the wooden raw material M from the upper surface by the pressing portion 29 to perform pressure molding. In this example, the lower plate 26B is fixed horizontally, and is held from the lower surface in a state where the wood raw material M is placed without providing a pressing portion.

  The upper plate 26G is raised and lowered by the upper plate pulling cylinder 52 as shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 6, the front plate 26E and the rear plate 26F are fixed to the upper plate 26G, and these are simultaneously moved up and down by the upper plate pulling cylinder 52, but the front plate 26E and the rear plate 26F are driven individually. It is also possible to provide a drive mechanism that

[Left / Right plate 26C, 26D]
When pressing with the pressing plate 26A, the left plate 26C and the right plate 26D constituting the pair of closing plates 26 that hold the wooden member in the horizontal direction are movable upward. The left plate 26C shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 constitutes left and right walls in a direction in which the press space is expanded by moving up and down in a crank manner. The crank 36 rotates around the rotation shaft, and the left plate 26C is raised to the raised position or lowered to the fixed position.

  In the example of FIG. 11, the stopper 43 for supporting the crank 36 at the lowered position is protruded from the base 44 on the side of the left plate 26C. The fixed position of the left plate 26 </ b> C can be adjusted by bringing the upper surface of the stopper 43 into contact with the rotation shaft of the crank 36. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 7, the crank 36 has two crank plates arranged in parallel (in the depth direction of the paper surface in FIG. 11), and a rotating shaft is inserted through the two crank plates. . The stopper 43 abuts against the rotation shaft between the two crank plates when the crank 36 is lowered, and supports the left plate 26 </ b> C so as to be accurately stopped at the fixed position. The stopper 43 is configured to be extendable and contractible, and the distance between the left plate 26C and the lower plate 26B can be adjusted by changing the height of the tip. Thereby, the clearance gap which can insert the wooden material conveyance discharge mechanism 34 can be comprised between the left plate 26C and the lower plate 26B which are in a fixed position as will be described later.

  The left plate 26C and the right plate 26D in the fixed position are set so as to coincide with the horizontal interval of the press space. In FIG. 11, only one crank 36 is shown for explanation, but the left plate 26C has two or more cranks 36 in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 12, and these cranks 36 rotate in parallel. As a result, the left plate 26C is raised obliquely upward to the left while maintaining the vertical posture. Further, a plurality of cranks 36 are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the left plate 26C, and are provided at two locations in the example of FIG. As shown in FIG. 12A, the left plate 26C is pulled up as shown in FIG. 12B by a left and right plate pulling cylinder 37 rotatably connected to the upper crank 36 from a fixed position.

  By lifting the left plate 26C and the right plate 26D to the raised position, a space in which the wooden raw material M can be conveyed in the horizontal direction is obtained. As a result, the wooden material M can be conveyed in the horizontal direction by the wooden material conveying / discharging mechanism 34 to a fixed position where the press space is formed. As the wood material transport / discharge mechanism 34, a conveyor-type steel belt, a coal plate 34A, or the like can be used. The wood material transport / discharge mechanism 34 can transport the wood material M to a fixed position where the press space is formed and transport the press-formed wood material with a simple configuration.

  Further, since the left and right plates 26C and 26D are lifted upward as shown in FIG. 11, they are not lifted vertically, but are retracted by rotational movement. As described above, the left and right plates 26C and 26D are slightly shifted in the direction of expanding the press space. As a result, the press-molded wood board is smoothly removed and can be easily taken out.

  As a result, the left and right plates can be arranged at fixed positions for constituting the press space, and accurate positioning is easily realized. In particular, there is an advantage that the wood material can be removed smoothly because it moves obliquely upward so as to move backward in the direction of expanding the press space. In the system in which the closing plate 26 is raised vertically at the time of demolding, friction with the wood material surface becomes resistance, and thus a strong force is required to pull up the closing plate 26. Particularly in compression molding, friction acts because the force acts in the direction in which the wood material expands on the contact surface due to the reaction of compression. On the other hand, in the structure using the crank 36, it raises diagonally instead of perpendicular | vertical. As a result, the closing plate 26 can be separated from the wood material, and the closing plate 26 can be lifted to open the horizontal direction of the press space to provide a discharge path for discharging the wood material. As described above, the closing plate 26 movable by the crank 36 can execute separation and discharge of the wood material necessary for demolding by one operation.

  Further, the crank-moving closing plate 26 has an advantage that it can hold the pressing force without any power even during compression molding. Since the closing plate 26 lowered to the fixed position has a crank 36 that is stretched, it is mechanically fixed securely and does not release the force of pressing the pressing plate 26A from above and causing the wooden material to spread laterally. The side of the wood material is pressed by the reaction. In this way, the crank 36 reliably holds the pressing force mechanically without power. Moreover, since the crank 36 itself has an extremely simple configuration, it is easy to set up. In the above figure, the left plate has been described as an example, but the right plate has the same configuration.

  Note that the pressing portion 29 is not limited to the above example. For example, the pressing plate 26 </ b> A is fixed and the lower plate 26 </ b> B is pushed up and pressed, the left / right or front / rear plates are pressed, or a combination thereof is pressed. It is good. The configuration is not limited to using a hydraulic cylinder as the pressing portion, and a cam, a crank mechanism, or the like may be used instead or in combination. Moreover, it is not necessary to provide a press part in all the obstruction | occlusion plates, and it can be set as the structure which presses only a specific obstruction | occlusion plate according to a press mechanism. For example, only the longitudinal side surface of the wood material M can be pressed in a sealed press space, and the front and rear end surfaces can be brought into a non-contact state. In the embodiment of the present invention, a method is adopted in which a sealed press space is first configured and then pressed. This is because, by first forming a sealed space in the press space, the pressure can be controlled, and a high-quality wood material can be formed as an environment that can be reliably heated and pressurized.

[Wood material transport and discharge mechanism 34]
As shown in FIG. 13, the wood material transport / discharge mechanism 34 that transports and discharges the wood material M can use a system in which the call plate 34 </ b> A is slid by a bearing 38 such as Free Bear (registered trademark). Bearings 38 are provided at predetermined intervals on the conveying path of the wooden raw material M, and a call plate 34A on which the wooden raw material M or the like is placed is slid thereon. Since the call plate 34A comes into point contact with the bearing 38 and floats from the floor surface, it can slide smoothly in the horizontal direction, with the left and right plates 26C and 26D raised, and the wood material in a fixed position in the press space. M can be arranged and transported after molding. As shown in FIG. 7, the call plate 34 </ b> A has a call plate 34 </ b> A that is equal to or slightly larger than the steam ejection hole 32 at a position corresponding to the steam ejection hole 32 of the lower plate 26 </ b> B in a state where the call plate 34 </ b> A is disposed in the press space. A hole 35 is provided. As a result, when press molding is performed with the coal plate 34A tightly attached, steam from the lower plate 26B is sprayed onto the lower surface of the wood material M through the coal plate 34A.

  Further, the wood material transport / discharge mechanism 34 can transport the wood material M and the like with an endless belt instead of the call plate 34A. As the belt, for example, a Teflon (registered trademark) belt or a steel belt having excellent heat resistance, flexibility, and thermal conductivity and less friction can be used.

[Decompression pump 27]
A decompression pump 27 for decompressing the inside of the press space is connected to the press space. The closing plate 26 is provided with a through hole for connecting to the decompression pump 27. The through hole may be shared with the steam ejection hole so that the pressure reducing pump and the steam supply source S for supplying the steam are switched by a switching valve, or may be provided separately from the steam ejection hole.

  The reason why the pressure is once reduced before heating or pressurizing the press space is to facilitate entry of low-pressure steam that does not cure the adhesive into the wood material. When the pressure is reduced from the atmospheric pressure, the low-pressure steam easily penetrates into the wood material, and the whole wood material is uniformly softened. By injecting high-temperature steam from this state while pressurizing, the wooden material M is efficiently heated, and the wooden material can be formed in a short time. Moreover, according to this method, it becomes possible to comprise a thick wooden material. For example, in a normal method, when a 1 mm thick particle board or MDF is thermoformed, it takes about 10 to 30 seconds to heat up to a predetermined temperature. It takes 40 times as much time to press a 40 mm-thickness by this method. On the other hand, since the method can be heated in a very short time, a thick board-like wood material having a thickness of, for example, 40 mm to 200 mm can be formed in a short time.

  Further, an aqueous polymer isocyanate-based adhesive (aqueous vinyl urethane-based adhesive) is preferable for the chip adhesive. This adhesive is a composite adhesive having an aqueous emulsion containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a main ingredient and an isocyanate compound as a crosslinking agent. Since isocyanate reacts with water, curing is accelerated by steam and high adhesion is obtained.

  A vacuum pump or the like can be used as the decompression pump 27. Preferably, a jet ejector capacitor can be used. When depressurizing the inside of the press space, chip dust, adhesive, and the like enter the pump. Therefore, in a normal mechanical vacuum pump, these enter the pump device, shortening the life of the device. Therefore, when a jet ejector condenser is used, there is no mechanical operation part because it is a mechanism for reducing pressure by a water flow circulating at high speed, and higher durability and reliability than a mechanical vacuum pump can be obtained.

  The decompression pump 27 decompresses the press space to cool and dry the wood material M. The apparatus that depressurizes the press space with the decompression pump 27 is characterized in that the demolded wood raw material M can be dried to a lower moisture content and cooled and taken out. Thus, the decompression pump 27 also functions as a cooling mechanism. However, the cooling plate may be provided with another cooling mechanism such as a heat exchanger. As described above, the wood raw material M can be dried by the decompression pump 27. However, when the drying process is unnecessary, a configuration in which the decompression pump is not provided may be employed.

  Accordingly, the wooden plate M is heated from the surface by heating the block plate 26 by the heating unit 30 while the closing plate 26 is in close contact with the wooden raw material M, and the steam is blown from the steam ejection hole 32 to the surface of the wooden raw material M. And the wood material M is softened with steam and heat. In this state, the wood plate M is press-molded by pressing the closing plate 26 with the pressing portion 29. Further, in addition to heating, the press space is pressurized in the pressurizing unit, and the wood raw material M is thermoformed. Thereafter, the press space is decompressed by the decompression pump 27 to cool and dry the wood material M.

[Blocking part 39]
Further, the side closing plate 26 includes a closing portion 39 for closing the gap G generated at the lower end. Specifically, the left and right plates 26C and 26D include guide plates 39A that can slide on the respective surfaces, as shown in FIGS. The guide plate 39A prevents the wood material M from leaking and maintains airtightness.

  The wooden material M is placed on the call board 34A and conveyed to a predetermined position in the press space. As shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, in order to form the press space by moving the closing plate 26 around the wood material M while being placed on the call plate 34A, the space between the lower plate 26B and the left plate 26C is used. In this case, it is necessary to provide, for example, a 2 to 8 mm gap for inserting the call plate 34A.

  However, as shown in FIG. 14, since a slight gap G is generated between the call plate 34A and the left plate 26C, the wood raw material M may leak from the gap G. In particular, when a wood chip obtained by pulverizing a waste material is used as the wood material constituting the wood material M, the chip easily breaks down, and therefore enters the gap G. If a chip enters the gap G, the left plate 26C cannot be lowered to seal the press space, and the pressure and pressure in the sealed space are insufficient, and the quality and energy efficiency of the wood raw material M are lowered.

  Therefore, in this wood material thermoforming apparatus, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a guide plate 39A is provided as the closing portion 39 to prevent the wood material M from entering. The guide plate 39A can slide up and down on the surface of the left plate 26C. For example, it is not fixed so as to freely move up and down vertically along a groove or a rail provided in the left plate 26C, and the lower end falls by its own weight. The size of the guide plate 39A is set to be substantially equal to the width of the left plate 26C in the press space, and the vertical height is set to be equal to or greater than the height of the wood raw material M to be input. As a result, the guide plate 39A contacts the lower end on the call plate 34A and closes the gap G between the left plate 26C in a state where the call plate 34A is positioned in the press space as shown in FIG. The guide plate 39A can be in close contact with the call plate 34A on the surface of the left plate 26C without the chip-like wood material M leaking from the gap, and the airtightness of the press space is maintained.

  The upper end of the guide plate 39A is bent so as to approach the surface of the left plate 26C. As a result, it is possible to make it difficult for debris, dust and the like of the wood material M to enter from the gap between the left plate 26C and the guide plate 39A. Furthermore, since the upper end becomes wider, it is possible to avoid a situation where the upper end of the guide plate 39A comes into contact with the upper end of the guide plate 39A when the pressing plate 26A descends, thereby causing an obstacle to the lowering. The guide plate 39A shown in the figure has a rectangular shape lower than the left plate 26C. The guide plate 39A is linear so that its lower end can be closed without any gap between it and the call plate 34A, and the shape of the side surface is substantially the same as the left plate 26C. However, the shape of the upper end is not particularly limited, and may be another shape such as an arc shape.

  The closing plate shown in these drawings presses the call plate 34A while being tightly attached. An edge with an obtuse angle at the top end of the call plate 34A so that when the call plate 34A before pressing is conveyed to a predetermined position in the press space, the front end of the call plate 34A enters the lower surface of the guide plate 39A and easily lifts it. Is preferably provided.

  The guide plate 39A is composed of a metal plate with good thermal conductivity. As a result, when heat-molding is performed with the closing plate 26 provided with the guide plate 39A, the heat generated in the heating unit 30 of the closing plate 26 is efficiently conducted to the wood material M through the guide plate 39A. In addition, the vapor | steam ejection hole 32 is not provided in the obstruction | occlusion plate 26 provided with 39 A of guide plates as above-mentioned. This is to prevent the wood material M chips from leaking from this portion.

  As described above, by providing the slidable closing portion 39 on the closing plate 26 that constitutes the side surface of the press space to form a double structure, the broken pieces of the wood material M that collapses are dammed up, and the lower plate 26B and It avoids entering the gap with the left plate 26C. As a result, the closing plate 26 is sealed and the airtight state is maintained without interposing foreign matter in the gap portion. As a result, steam leakage and the like can be prevented, so that heat molding can be performed under appropriate conditions without damaging the energy of heating and pressurization. Since the closing part 39 falls by its own weight and contacts the lower end surface with the call plate 34A, the gap G is reliably closed. In addition, it is not restricted to the fall by dead weight, It can also be set as the system which switches a raise position and a descent | fall position mechanically. Furthermore, the blocking portion 39 is not limited to the above configuration. For example, the guide plate does not need to protrude from the surface of the left plate, and a guide plate 39B that is slidably protruded from the lower end of the left plate 26C in the same plane as the surface of the left plate 26C as shown in FIG. it can. The guide plate 39B is slidably inserted up and down in a step provided on the surface of the left plate 26C.

  In the above description, the left plate 26C has been described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. However, it goes without saying that the same applies to the right plate 26D.

[Procedure for thermoforming]
A procedure for thermoforming the wood material M with the wood material thermoforming apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 shows a cross-sectional view of the closed plate 26 as viewed from the front, and FIG. 19 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 18 as viewed from the side. 20 shows a cross-sectional view of the left and right plates 26C and 26D lowered from the front, FIG. 21 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 20 from the side, while FIG. FIG. 23 shows a cross-sectional view of the state in which the call plate 34A on which the raw material M is placed is inserted and the upper plate 26G is lowered as viewed from the front, and FIG. 23 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 25 shows a cross-sectional view of the state in which the closed plate 26 is closed to form a sealed space and the wood raw material M is pressed from the front, and FIG. 25 is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 24 viewed from the side.

  In the wood material thermoforming apparatus shown in these drawings, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 18, the pressing plate 26 </ b> A is provided with a steam passage 31 close to the pressing surface, and the steam ejection holes 32 communicated with the steam passage 31. Is opened on the pressing surface. The numbers and positions of the vapor ejection holes 32 are substantially matched between the opposing plates, and are uniformly injected to the wood material M. In addition, a fluid passage 33 is provided that heats the pressing plate 26A by flowing a heat medium outside the steam passage 31 (inside the pressing plate 26A). On the other hand, as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 19, the front and rear plates 26E and 26F are connected to the upper plate 26G via the rising frame 50 (only the front plate 26E is shown in the figure). Accordingly, the front and rear plates 26E and 26F and the upper plate 26G are simultaneously raised and lowered by the upper plate pulling cylinder 52.

  First, as shown in FIG. 18, the left and right plates 26C and 26D are raised by the left and right plate pulling cylinder 37, and the upper plate 26G is also lifted by the cylinder of the pressing portion 29 to release the press space. In this state, as shown in FIG. 20, the left and right plate pulling cylinders 37 are pushed out and the crank 36 is rotated so that the left and right plates 26C and 26D are lowered to fix the left and right partition walls of the press space. At this time, as shown in FIG. 21, the front and rear plates 26E and 26F are held in the raised position together with the upper plate 26G. Then, the call board 34A on which the wood raw material M is placed is conveyed from the front-rear direction, that is, from the left-right direction in FIG. In this state, the front / rear plates 26E and 26F and the upper plate 26G push the upper plate pulling cylinder 52 down as shown in FIGS. As a result, the other pair of side walls (front and rear plates 26E and 26F) sandwich the pair of side plates (left and right plates 26C and 26D) of the closing plate 26 in the horizontal plane. Then, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the upper plate 26G is brought into close contact with the left and right plates 26C and 26D to seal the press space. In order to maintain an airtight state in the press space, gaps between the respective portions are appropriately closed with packing and seals. At this time, as shown in FIG. 15, the guide plate 39 is lowered and comes into contact with the upper surface of the call plate 34A and closes the gap, so that the wood material M enters the gap and the left and right plates 26C and 26D It is possible to avoid a situation in which steam leakage occurs in the plate 26B.

  In this state, the decompression pump 27 shown in FIG. 5 is operated to temporarily decompress the press space. Then, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 24, the pressing plate 26 </ b> A is lowered, the wooden material M is brought into close contact with the closing plate 26, and heated by each plate. Each plate heats the plate surface by flowing a heat medium through the fluid passage 33 in advance. Further, the steam flowing through the steam passages 31 built in the upper and lower pressing plates 26A and the lower plate 26B is injected from the steam discharge holes 32, and the wood material M is softened by the steam and heat. At the same time, the inside of the press space is pressurized, and in this state, the closing plate 26 is pressed downward and pressed, and the wood material M is heated and heated. Thereafter, the press space is decompressed by the decompression pump 27 to cool and dry the wood material M. After a predetermined time has elapsed, the press space is opened and demolded in the reverse order of FIGS. That is, the pressing plate 26A is lifted by the pressing portion 29, the upper plate 26G and the front / rear plates 26E, 26F are lifted by the upper plate pulling cylinder 52, and the left / right plates 26C, 26D are lifted by the left / right plate pulling cylinder 37. Then, the crank 36 is rotated and raised while moving backward. And the wooden raw material M is carried out by the call board 34A.

  As described above, the wood material heating and forming apparatus hot-presses the wood material M. In this apparatus, a heat and pressure treatment can be performed in a short time, and a thick molding material can be formed. For example, if a particle board, MDF, or the like is to be thickened to a thickness of 40 mm or the like, there is a problem that it is difficult to increase the thickness beyond a certain level because it takes a long time to heat the inside. On the other hand, by depressurizing the inside of the press space, steam can enter the gaps and the inside of the wood raw material M, and can be easily softened, and can be easily dried.

  Moreover, in this system, since the press space is configured by combining the closing plate 26, the press space can be opened in one direction such as in the horizontal direction, and the wood raw material M can be easily conveyed. For example, in the case of a cylindrical autoclave type, it is necessary to insert and take out the wood material M from the opening, so that it is not possible to pass things such as a conveyor belt, and the transport method is limited and the mechanism becomes complicated. There was a problem. On the other hand, in the above system, the press space is configured by combining the detachable and connectable closing plates 26, so that it is possible to provide a space for partially opening the press space and passing a conveyor belt or the like. it can. Thereby, it becomes possible to carry in and carry out the wooden raw material M easily and simply.

  Furthermore, this method is extremely efficient because a useless space for heating and pressurization can be extremely reduced. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 of the related art, in the method of heating and pressurizing the entire atmosphere in the chamber larger than the mold, it is necessary to heat and press the entire volume considerably larger than that of the mold. The amount of heat was consumed even in the part that did not contribute to the heat, and wasted. On the other hand, in the method according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, heating and pressurization are performed at the time when a press mold is formed, and heating is performed in the minimum necessary space. Pressurization is performed, and a useless space that does not contribute to heating and pressurization can be extremely reduced. Furthermore, in this system, since water vapor is directly sprayed onto the surface of the wood material M, the amount of heat is directly conducted to the wood material M. For this reason, compared with the method of heating indirectly through the atmosphere as shown in FIG. 3, the thermal efficiency is extremely good. In particular, since air has a high heat insulation effect, the less air that is interposed between the heat medium and the wood material M, the better.

  Furthermore, the heating part 30 which heats the surrounding obstruction | occlusion plate 26 itself which comprises press space is provided, and the wood raw material M can be directly heated by a contact surface. For this reason, compared with the system etc. which heat the atmosphere in a chamber and heat indirectly, the wooden raw material M can be heated by extremely high thermal efficiency, and it is excellent in energy efficiency. Furthermore, since a cylindrical chamber as in an autoclave is not required and the heating part 30 is built in the closing plate 26 itself and can also be used as a heat insulating partition wall of the chamber, the apparatus can be miniaturized. Furthermore, since the steam ejection holes 32 for ejecting steam are provided in the closing plate 26, in addition to being able to efficiently inject steam onto the wood board, the press space and necessary equipment are configured only by the closing plate 26, and the apparatus is further compacted. it can.

  In the conventional system that does not have a function of heating the partition wall itself, steam is blown from another member and the surrounding atmosphere is heated to heat the partition wall by conduction heat. Further, when the partition wall temperature is low, the high-temperature steam that touched the side wall condenses into water, so that the temperature needs to be kept high. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the closing plate 26 itself is heated to conduct heat directly, and steam is also injected from the closing plate 26, so that these are given to the wood material M very efficiently, and wasteful energy is consumed. The heat forming is realized in which the wood raw material M softened with steam and heat is pressed by the closing plate 26 and formed at a low cost, in a small space, and with a space saving.

The wood material is exposed to steam in the press space in the press space by the above method, and the steam is surely penetrated and softened to the inside, so the internal strength can be improved by press molding in this state. it can. In particular, in the conventional method, only the surface to be press-formed tends to be compacted, and the interior tends to become a woody material while remaining soft. On the other hand, according to the above-described method, the vapor can be reliably infiltrated into the sealed space by supplying steam from the depressurized state. In this state, press molding is performed to obtain a uniform strength in the depth direction. It is possible to obtain a high-quality wooden material and increase the commercial value.
(Insulation material 46)

  As shown in FIG. 18, the pressing plate 26A is fixed to the pressing portion 29 by a cylinder penetrating the upper plate 26G. By keeping the insertion portion of the cylinder of the upper plate 26G airtight, it is possible to perform the heating formation while maintaining the sealed structure without the steam in the press space leaking to the outside at this portion. Further, as described with reference to FIG. 10, all of the closing plates 26 and the pressing plates 26 </ b> A including the upper plate 26 </ b> G each incorporate a fluid passage through which a heat medium for heating the plates themselves flows. On the other hand, some plates include a heat insulating material 46 as a member having heat insulating properties. The pressing plate 26A and the upper plate 26G have a heat insulating material 46 fixed to the upper surface. As a result, the inside of the press space is thermally shut off from the outside, and the heat at the time of heat forming is conducted to the outside, so that the heat in the press space leaks and the thermal efficiency is deteriorated, and the outside leaks. It is possible to avoid a situation where the heat is adversely affected to the device. For example, the plate is deformed by high heat and a gap is generated at the interface between the plates, so that the sealed space cannot be maintained, or the mechanical drive member is distorted by heat and the operation is defective. This can be avoided by thermal separation with As a result, heat can be maintained only in necessary portions to improve thermal efficiency, and other portions can be protected from damage due to heat. In the example of FIG. 18, the heat insulating material 46 is provided on the pressing plate, the upper surface of the upper plate, and the lower surface of the lower plate, respectively. Further, a cooling mechanism may be provided at the interface between the heat insulating material 46 and the outside. As a result, the influence of heat slightly transmitted through the heat insulating material 46 can be reduced, and the members outside the heat insulating material 46 can be reliably protected. In the example of FIG. 18, a cooling plate 48 having a cooling mechanism is fixed to the upper surface of the heat insulating material 46 fixed to the upper surface of the pressing plate and the upper plate. Similarly, the cooling plate is also fixed to the lower surface of the heat insulating material 46 fixed to the lower surface of the lower plate. In the example of FIG. 18, the base 44 is a cooling plate. However, the cooling plate can be disposed between the base and the heat insulating material by using the base and the cooling plate as separate members. These cooling plates 48 are provided with fluid paths through which a coolant such as water passes, and cool each plate in a water-cooled manner. This reliably suppresses heat in the press space from being conducted to the outside and improves thermal separation. Alternatively, conversely, it is possible to suppress deformation of the plate by adopting a configuration in which the temperature difference is reduced by heating the outside of the plate.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized suitably for the wooden material thermoforming apparatus which presses a wooden material with a shaping | molding die in a heated state.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the press apparatus which this inventor developed previously. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the press apparatus which this inventor developed previously. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the press apparatus which uses an autoclave. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state which comprises press space with the wooden material thermoforming apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state which obstruct | occludes press space with the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. It is the schematic sectional drawing which looked at the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 4 from the side. It is the schematic plan view which looked at the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 4 from the upper surface in the state which does not mount a wooden material on a call board. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the obstruction | occlusion plate provided with the steam injection port. It is a horizontal sectional view which shows the obstruction | occlusion plate which provided the steam injection port. It is a vertical sectional view showing a closing plate provided with a heating unit. It is a schematic front view which shows the left plate driven to a crank type. It is a schematic front view which shows the state which moves the left plate of FIG. 11 up and down. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state which mounted the wood material on the call board. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the clearance gap which arises between a call board and a left plate. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the left plate which provided the guide plate. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the left plate which provided the guide plate. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the left plate which provided the guide plate. It is the cross-sectional view which looked at the state which decomposed | disassembled the press space of the wooden material thermoforming apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention from the front. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 18 from the side. It is the cross-sectional view which looked at the state which lowered | hung the left and right plates of the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 18 from the front. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 20 from the side. It is the cross-sectional view which looked at the state which inserted the call board into the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 18, and lowered | hung the upper plate from the front. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 22 from the side. It is the cross-sectional view which looked at the state which obstruct | occludes the obstruction | occlusion plate of the wood material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 18, comprises a sealed space, and presses a wood material from the front. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the wooden material thermoforming apparatus of FIG. 24 from the side.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Mold | die; 1A ... Upper mold | die; 1B ... Lower mold | die; 1C ... Peripheral wall 2 ... Press mechanism 3 ... Pressure-resistant container; 3A ... Through-hole; 3B ... Through-hole 4 ... Lower lid; Opening / closing cylinder 6 ... Pressure control chamber 7 ... Pressurized gas source 8 ... Frame 9 ... Cylinder; 9A ... Rod 10 ... Ring groove 11 ... Packing; 12 ... Packing 13 ... Pipe 14 ... Vacuum pump 15 ... Atmospheric release valve 16 ... Pressure Control valve 17 ... Open / close valve; 18 ... Open / close valve 21 ... Press plate 22 ... Press mechanism 23 ... Sealed chamber 24 ... Pressurized gas source 25 ... Autoclave 26 ... Blocking plate; 26A ... Press plate; 26B ... Lower plate; Plate; 26D ... Right plate; 26E ... Front plate; 26F ... Rear plate; 26G ... Upper plate 27 ... Decompression pump 28 ... Steam delivery mechanism 29 ... Pressing part 30 ... Heating part 31 ... Steam passage; 33 ... Fluid passage 34 ... Wood material transport / discharge mechanism; 34A ... Coal plate; 35 ... Coal plate hole 36 ... Crank 37 ... Left / right plate pulling cylinder 38 ... Bearing 39 ... Blocking part; 39A, 39B ... Guide plate 43 ... Stopper 44 ... Base 46 ... Heat insulating material; 48 ... Cooling plate 50 ... Ascending frame; 52 ... Upper plate pulling cylinder S ... Steam supply source; W ... Heat and pressure molding material; M ... Wood

Claims (11)

A wood material thermoforming device that heats and forms a wood material constituting a wood material in a steam atmosphere to form a polyhedral wood material,
A plurality of closed plates (26) constituting a press space in which the wood raw material (M) is enclosed in at least six sides and hermetically closed;
In order to deliver steam to the press space, a steam supply mechanism (28) for connecting a steam supply source (S) for supplying steam to the press space;
A pressure plate (26A) disposed in the press space for pressing the wood raw material (M) and thermoforming;
A pressing portion (29) for pressing the pressing plate (26A) against the wood raw material (M) in a posture parallel to any one of the blocking plates (26);
With
The closing plate (26) includes a heating unit (30) for heating the closing plate (26) itself to a predetermined temperature,
Further, at least one of the closing plate (26) includes therein a steam passage (31) for passing steam delivered from the steam delivery mechanism (28), and communicates with the steam passage (31) to make a wooden raw material ( M) is provided with a plurality of steam ejection holes (32) for ejecting steam,
The wood raw material (M) softened by the heat of the heating part (30) and the steam from the steam ejection holes (32) is configured to be pressed by a pressing plate (26A), and is heat-molded.
The pressing portion (29) for pressing the pressing plate (26A) against the wood raw material (M) includes a cylinder, and the rod of the cylinder is hermetically penetrated through at least one closing plate (26) constituting the press space. In addition, the wood material thermoforming apparatus is characterized in that the rear end of the rod penetrating portion is inserted into the cylinder through a member having heat insulation properties. A wood material thermoforming device that heats and forms a wood material constituting a wood material in a steam atmosphere to form a polyhedral wood material,
A plurality of closed plates (26) constituting a press space in which the wood raw material (M) is enclosed in at least six sides and hermetically closed;
In order to deliver steam to the press space, a steam supply mechanism (28) for connecting a steam supply source (S) for supplying steam to the press space;
A pressure plate (26A) disposed in the press space for pressing the wood raw material (M) and thermoforming;
A pressing portion (29) for pressing the pressing plate (26A) against the wood raw material (M) in a posture parallel to any one of the blocking plates (26);
With
The closing plate (26) includes a heating unit (30) for heating the closing plate (26) itself to a predetermined temperature,
Further, at least one of the closing plate (26) includes therein a steam passage (31) for passing steam delivered from the steam delivery mechanism (28), and communicates with the steam passage (31) to make a wooden raw material ( M) is provided with a plurality of steam ejection holes (32) for ejecting steam,
The wood raw material (M) softened by the heat of the heating part (30) and the steam from the steam ejection holes (32) is configured to be pressed by a pressing plate (26A), and is heat-molded.
Further, a plurality of the steam ejection holes (32) are provided so as to coincide with the coal plate holes (35) provided in the coal plate (34A) on which the wood raw material (M) is placed. Wood material thermoforming equipment. A wood material thermoforming device that heats and forms a wood material constituting a wood material in a steam atmosphere to form a polyhedral wood material,
A plurality of closed plates (26) constituting a press space in which the wood raw material (M) is enclosed in at least six sides and hermetically closed;
In order to deliver steam to the press space, a steam supply mechanism (28) for connecting a steam supply source (S) for supplying steam to the press space;
A pressure plate (26A) disposed in the press space for pressing the wood raw material (M) and thermoforming;
A pressing portion (29) for pressing the pressing plate (26A) against the wood raw material (M) in a posture parallel to any one of the blocking plates (26);
With
The closing plate (26) includes a heating unit (30) for heating the closing plate (26) itself to a predetermined temperature,
Further, at least one of the closing plate (26) includes therein a steam passage (31) for passing steam delivered from the steam delivery mechanism (28), and communicates with the steam passage (31) to make a wooden raw material ( M) is provided with a plurality of steam ejection holes (32) for ejecting steam,
The wood raw material (M) softened by the heat of the heating part (30) and the steam from the steam ejection holes (32) is configured to be pressed by a pressing plate (26A), and is heat-molded.
Furthermore, a wood material thermoforming apparatus comprising a decompression pump (27) provided with a jet ejector condenser in order to decompress the press space constituted by the closing plate (26). 4. The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressing plate (26 </ b> A) and the opposing closing plate (26) are each for heating the plate itself to a predetermined temperature. 5. A heating section (30),
A steam passage (31) through which steam delivered from the steam delivery mechanism (28) passes, and a steam ejection hole for ejecting steam to the wood raw material (M) in communication with the steam passage (31) (32) are provided,
The wood material heat forming apparatus, wherein the wood material (M) is formed by pressing the upper and lower surfaces with a closing plate (26) opposed to the pressure plate (26A) and heat forming.   The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a pair of side plates opposing each other in parallel among the plurality of closing plates (26) are perpendicular to these to form the press space. A wood material thermoforming apparatus characterized by having a structure in which another pair of side walls opposed to a flat surface is sandwiched.   The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the closing plate (26) constituting the press space includes an upper plate (26G) for closing the upper surface of the wood material (M), Lower plate (26B) that closes the lower surface, left plate (26C) that closes the left surface, right plate (26D) that closes the right surface, front plate (26E) that closes the front surface, and rear plate that closes the rear surface (26F). A wood material thermoforming apparatus comprising:   The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the wood material thermoforming apparatus further supplies the wood material (M) to the lower plate (26B) in a longitudinal direction of the press space at a position constituting the press space. A wood material heating and forming apparatus comprising a wood material transporting and discharging mechanism (34) for discharging the molded wood material from a gap between the plate and the plate constituting the side surface.   The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the wood material transporting and discharging mechanism (34) is a steel belt that circulates by placing a wood material (M) on an upper surface thereof. Material heating molding equipment.   The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the wood material transport / discharge mechanism (34) is a call board (34A) on which a wood material (M) is placed on an upper surface. Material heating molding equipment.   The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the wood material (M) includes chips obtained by pulverizing and classifying waste materials. The wood material thermoforming apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the call plate hole (35) is formed to be equal to or slightly larger than the steam ejection hole (32). Thermoforming equipment.

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