JP4462592B2 - Method of reducing viscosity of psyllium solution - Google Patents
Method of reducing viscosity of psyllium solution Download PDFInfo
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- JP4462592B2 JP4462592B2 JP2001129524A JP2001129524A JP4462592B2 JP 4462592 B2 JP4462592 B2 JP 4462592B2 JP 2001129524 A JP2001129524 A JP 2001129524A JP 2001129524 A JP2001129524 A JP 2001129524A JP 4462592 B2 JP4462592 B2 JP 4462592B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- psyllium
- viscosity
- protease
- solution
- enzyme
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、サイリウムの低粘化方法に関する。低粘化したサイリウムは、食物繊維素材として、食品添加物、機能性食品等として広く一般に利用される。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
粘凋なサイリウムゲルを低粘化するための方法としては、酵素を用いる方法がいくつか提案されている。特開平11-75776号では、ペクチナーゼ、ヘミセルラーゼを使用し低粘化することが記載されている。また、WO99/63053号では、キシラナーゼ等により低粘化することが記載されている。
サイリウムのプロテーゼ処理に関しては、USP5,266,473号でスラリー状態のサイリウムにプロテアーゼをごく短時間作用させて、ハスク表面のタンパク質を分解し、アレルゲン性を低下する方法が記載されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、ペクチナーゼ、ヘミセルラーゼ、キシラナーゼ等による低粘化は、多糖を部分分解することによる。したがって、サイリウムが持つ多様な生理作用が損なわれる可能性がある。また、プロテアーゼによる処理は、その目的がアレルゲンタンパク質の分解であり、低粘化ではない。また、USP5,266,473号に開示されているような、高濃度スラリー状態におけるサイリウムを、30分程度のごく短時間の酵素処理で低粘化を実施することは不可能である。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記課題に鑑み、サイリウムの低粘化に関して鋭意検討を行った結果、驚くべきことに、タンパク分解酵素であるプロテアーゼによってサイリウム溶液が低粘化できることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
すなわち、本発明は、サイリウム溶液にプロテアーゼを作用させるサイリウムの低粘化方法、である。
【0005】
【発明実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
サイリウムは、オオバコの一種Plantago ovataの種子から得られる天然多糖である。一般には、サイリウムハスク、サイリウムシードガムとして市販されている。本発明においては、いかなる粒度、グレードのものを用いても構わないが、ごみ等共雑物の少ないものが好ましい。
本発明において、低粘化とは、サイリウム溶液の粘度が低下することを意味する。好ましくは、サイリウム溶液の粘度をプロテアーゼ処理により80%以下に低粘化することを意味する。
本発明において低粘化に用いる酵素は、プロテアーゼと称される酵素群である。プロテアーゼは、タンパク分解活性を持つ酵素であれば、いかなる由来のものでも構わない。その酵素は、広く自然界に由来を求めることができる。例えば、動物由来のプロテアーゼとしては、キモトリプシン、トリプシン、ペプシン、パンクレアチン等、植物由来のプロテアーゼとしては、ブロメライン、パパイン等、微生物由来のプロテアーゼとしては、スブチリシン等が例示できる。サイリウムは、主に食品又は食品添加物用途での使用されるため、食品添加物用酵素であることが望ましい。
【0006】
本発明において、プロテアーゼを作用させるとは、サイリウム溶液の濃度が0.1〜5質量%の範囲の溶液に対して、プロテアーゼを添加し、酵素反応を実施することをいう。サイリウム溶液の濃度が、0.1質量%以下であれば、生産性が低くなり、また、5質量%以上であれば粘性が極めて高く操作性が悪くなるので好ましくない。
【0007】
本発明において、サイリウムを溶液とする際の溶媒としては水が例示できるが、低粘化処理中の雑菌汚染防止等の目的で、エタノール等の有機溶媒を加えることも可能である。
酵素を作用させる条件としては、各プロテアーゼの至適pH、至適温度等を考慮して任意に設定することができるが、pHは4〜10、好ましくは5〜9、温度は10〜90℃、好ましくは20〜60℃の温度が良い。使用するプロテアーゼ量も、精製度、比活性等を考慮して任意に設定できるが、経済性あるいは製品への酵素混入の可能性等を考慮すると必要最小限の量が好ましく、サイリウムに対して0.001〜2質量%程度が好ましい。
【0008】
また、作用後の酵素は、加熱するなどの方法で、失活させることも可能である。また、所望の粘度のサイリウム溶液が必要な場合は、加熱等の処理を実施し酵素反応を停止することもできる。
本発明のプロテアーゼによるサイリウムの低粘化反応は、充分に精製され結晶化したプロテアーゼにおいても低粘化は観察されることから、プロテアーゼ以外の共雑酵素が多糖を部分分解することに起因してないことは明らかである。これは、従来知られている多糖の部分分解による低粘化とは全く異なる作用に基づくものである。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。しかし、本発明はこれら実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
【0010】
<実施例1〜16>
サイリウム(殺菌サイリウムハスク(三栄薬品貿易社製))2gに蒸留水100mlを加え45℃で1時間攪拌し、粘度を測定したところ、9,600cpであった。そこへ、表1に示す各種酵素を40mg添加し、攪拌しながら、45℃で24時間作用させた。24時間後、粘度を測定した。結果は表1に示した。
【0011】
<比較例>
サイリウム(殺菌サイリウムハスク(三栄薬品貿易社製))2gに蒸留水100mlを加え45℃で1時間攪拌し、粘度を測定したところ、9,600cpであった。そこへ、酵素を添加せずに、45℃で24時間、攪拌した。24時間後、粘度を測定した。結果は表1に示した。
【0012】
〈粘度測定方法〉
B型粘度計 型式B8L TOKIMEC VISCOMETER
測定条件;回転数 60RPM 25℃で測定。
【0013】
【表1】
【0014】
【発明の効果】
サイリイム溶液をプロテアーゼで処理することにより低粘化が達成できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for reducing the viscosity of psyllium. The low-viscosity psyllium is widely used as a dietary fiber material, food additives, functional foods and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Several methods using an enzyme have been proposed as a method for reducing the viscosity of a viscous psyllium gel. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-75776 describes the use of pectinase and hemicellulase to lower the viscosity. WO99 / 63053 describes that the viscosity is reduced by xylanase or the like.
Regarding psyllium prosthesis treatment, USP 5,266,473 describes a method in which a protease is allowed to act on slurry psyllium for a very short time to degrade proteins on the surface of the husk, thereby reducing the allergenicity.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the reduction in viscosity by pectinase, hemicellulase, xylanase, etc. is due to partial degradation of the polysaccharide. Therefore, various physiological functions of psyllium may be impaired. The purpose of the treatment with protease is to decompose allergen protein, not to reduce viscosity. Moreover, it is impossible to reduce the viscosity of psyllium in a high-concentration slurry state as disclosed in USP 5,266,473 by an enzyme treatment in a very short time of about 30 minutes.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In light of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have intensively studied on reducing the viscosity of psyllium, and as a result, surprisingly found that the psyllium solution can be reduced in viscosity by protease, a proteolytic enzyme, and completed the present invention. I let you.
That is, the present invention is a method for reducing the viscosity of psyllium by allowing protease to act on psyllium solution.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Psyllium is a natural polysaccharide obtained from seeds of the plantago plantago ovata. Generally, it is marketed as psyllium husk and psyllium seed gum. In the present invention, particles of any particle size and grade may be used, but those having little compost such as dust are preferred.
In the present invention, the reduction in viscosity means that the viscosity of the psyllium solution is lowered. Preferably, the viscosity of the psyllium solution is reduced to 80% or less by protease treatment.
The enzymes used for viscosity reduction in the present invention are an enzyme group called protease. The protease may be of any origin as long as it has an enzyme activity. The enzyme can be widely derived from nature. For example, examples of the protease derived from animals include chymotrypsin, trypsin, pepsin, and pancreatin. Examples of the protease derived from plants include bromelain and papain. Examples of the protease derived from microorganisms include subtilisin. Since psyllium is mainly used for food or food additive applications, it is desirable to be a food additive enzyme.
[0006]
In the present invention, “acting a protease” means that a protease is added to a solution having a psyllium solution concentration in the range of 0.1 to 5% by mass and an enzyme reaction is performed. If the concentration of the psyllium solution is 0.1% by mass or less, the productivity is lowered, and if it is 5% by mass or more, the viscosity is extremely high and the operability is deteriorated.
[0007]
In the present invention, water can be exemplified as a solvent for preparing psyllium as a solution, but an organic solvent such as ethanol can also be added for the purpose of preventing contamination of bacteria during the viscosity reduction treatment.
The conditions for causing the enzyme to act can be arbitrarily set in consideration of the optimum pH and temperature of each protease, but the pH is 4 to 10, preferably 5 to 9, and the temperature is 10 to 90 ° C. The temperature of 20 to 60 ° C. is preferable. The amount of protease to be used can also be set arbitrarily in consideration of the degree of purification, specific activity, etc., but the minimum amount is preferable in consideration of economy or the possibility of enzyme contamination in the product, and is 0 for psyllium. About 0.001 to 2 mass% is preferable.
[0008]
Further, the enzyme after the action can be inactivated by a method such as heating. In addition, when a psyllium solution having a desired viscosity is necessary, the enzyme reaction can be stopped by performing a treatment such as heating.
The psyllium viscosity-reducing reaction by the protease of the present invention is observed even in a sufficiently purified and crystallized protease. This is due to the fact that concomitant enzymes other than protease partially decompose polysaccharides. Clearly not. This is based on an action completely different from the conventionally known low viscosity by partial degradation of polysaccharides.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0010]
<Examples 1 to 16>
Distilled water (100 ml) was added to 2 g of psyllium (sterilized psyllium husk (manufactured by Sanei Pharmaceutical Trading Co., Ltd.)), stirred at 45 ° C. for 1 hour, and the viscosity was measured to be 9,600 cp. Thereto, 40 mg of various enzymes shown in Table 1 were added and allowed to act at 45 ° C. for 24 hours while stirring. After 24 hours, the viscosity was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0011]
<Comparative example>
Distilled water (100 ml) was added to 2 g of psyllium (sterilized psyllium husk (manufactured by Sanei Pharmaceutical Trading Co., Ltd.)), stirred at 45 ° C. for 1 hour, and the viscosity was measured to be 9,600 cp. There, it stirred for 24 hours at 45 degreeC, without adding an enzyme. After 24 hours, the viscosity was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0012]
<Viscosity measurement method>
B type viscometer Model B8L TOKIMEC VISCOMETER
Measurement conditions: Rotation speed 60RPM Measured at 25 ℃.
[0013]
[Table 1]
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
Low viscosity can be achieved by treating the thyme solution with a protease.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001129524A JP4462592B2 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2001-04-26 | Method of reducing viscosity of psyllium solution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001129524A JP4462592B2 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2001-04-26 | Method of reducing viscosity of psyllium solution |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002320464A JP2002320464A (en) | 2002-11-05 |
| JP2002320464A5 JP2002320464A5 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
| JP4462592B2 true JP4462592B2 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001129524A Expired - Fee Related JP4462592B2 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2001-04-26 | Method of reducing viscosity of psyllium solution |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP4462592B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4530341B2 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2010-08-25 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Psyllium seed gum |
| JP5783404B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2015-09-24 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Hyaluronidase inhibitor |
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- 2001-04-26 JP JP2001129524A patent/JP4462592B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2002320464A (en) | 2002-11-05 |
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