JP4463754B2 - Germination treatment method and planting method of aquatic seeds - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for germinating seeds of aquatic plants, a method for planting seeds of aquatic plants that have become germinated, and a storage container for accommodating seeds that have become germinated, and in particular, a dormancy period for seeds of aquatic plants Can be controlled arbitrarily, and germination treatment method of aquatic seeds that can quickly germinate seeds as needed, and germination that can efficiently transplant seeds that have become germinable The present invention relates to a storage container for storing seeds in a possible state and a method for planting seeds of aquatic plants.

  Aquatic plants are water-extracted plants that place more than half of the plant's body on the surface of the water, and floating leaves with roots floating in the water, such as water lilies. The entire plant lives under the surface of the water. It can be classified as a submerged plant that does not fix the roots to the soil, but always floats on the surface of the water and lives.

  By the way, recently, submerged plants are in danger of extinction among the above-mentioned aquatic plants. As natural regeneration increases, the reduction of submerged plants that affect water quality is a major problem. In order to grow this submerged plant, a seed storage method has not been established. Therefore, it is necessary to sown seeds in a transplanted area immediately after collection. However, in the case of the current seeds, the seeds are limited to the season, and the dormancy release process is not performed, so that it may take time until germination and the germination rate may be lowered.

  Further, even if some germination techniques are established, there is a problem that a large number of yards are required for raising seedlings in the face-rearing seedlings such as a seedling tray that is applied to conventional crops.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 can be cited as a conventional technique from seed storage to seedling raising of the above-mentioned submerged plant. The present invention provides a base unit by arranging seaweed seeds and bottom sediment stored at a predetermined temperature and salinity for a certain period in a biodegradable resin container to form a base unit, and this base unit is germinated and promoted with low-concentration salt water or fresh water. After that, it is a seagrass seed and seedling production system that manages under the environment suitable for germination and installs the grown seaweed together with the base unit in the algae ground. According to this system, in the process from germination to raising seedlings to setting a seaweed bed, seeds stored for a certain period of time are stored in the base unit to produce seedlings of seaweeds without being limited to the harvesting time. Is possible.

JP-A-2005-143306

  According to the seaweed seed and seedling production system of Patent Document 1, it is possible to produce seaweed seed and seedlings without being limited to the seed collection time, but a preservation technique that takes into consideration even the seed dormancy state to the germination possible state. Therefore, it is not possible to arbitrarily control the dormancy state of the seed and to control the seed to the germination state at an arbitrary time. Therefore, it is difficult to hesitate quick greening in the vegetation area by aquatic plants, especially native submerged plants.

  The method for preserving and germinating aquatic seeds according to the present invention, the method for planting seeds of aquatic plants, and the storage container for containing the seeds that have become germinable have been made in view of the problems described above, and are collected. By controlling the seeds of aquatic plants, such as the submerged submerged plants, from the dormant state to the germinable state, the seeds that can efficiently germinate can be transplanted to the transplanted area. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seed storage and germination method and an aquatic seed planting method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a storage container for storing seeds in a germinable state capable of realizing efficient planting of aquatic plants.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for germinating seeds of aquatic plants according to the present invention is to collect aquatic seeds and maintain the dormant state by storing the seeds in water at a first temperature condition for a certain storage period. The seeds stored in water are put into a germinable state by placing them under a second temperature condition higher than the first temperature.

  Here, as described above, the aquatic plant has a broad meaning including a water-extracted plant, a floating leaf plant, a submerged plant, and a floating plant, but the seed storage and germination treatment method of the present invention is Especially, it is particularly suitable for controlling the dormant state to the germinable state of the seeds of submerged plants. In addition, the seed includes, for example, seeds that are fruited from a living plant collected at the waterside, seeds that are dormant in the soil as a seed bank, and the like.

  The collected seeds are first stored in water under an appropriate temperature condition that can maintain a dormant state, thereby suppressing seed germination. In particular, in the case of a submerged plant, it is dormant even if it bears fruit, and it cannot germinate as it is, but when it is placed under a predetermined temperature condition, it is set to a constant temperature condition higher than the predetermined temperature. It is possible to quickly germinate.

  In the present invention, the dormant state can be arbitrarily controlled by storing the collected seeds in water under a constant temperature condition for a certain period of time, so that the seeds can be germinated before transplanting the seeds into the transplanted region. By realizing such control, for example, when there is a need for greening due to river improvement or the like, seeds stored in a dormant state at a desired time can be made to germinate. Can promote greening.

  In a preferred embodiment of the method for germinating seeds of aquatic plants according to the present invention, the first temperature is 4 ° C. or approximately 4 ° C., the predetermined storage period is at least one month, and the second temperature. Is 20 ° C. or approximately 20 ° C.

  According to the experiments by the inventors, in submerged plants such as Neremo, the seeds of the submerged plant are stored in water for a period of one month or longer at 4 ° C., so that the dormant state is maintained for a long period thereafter. It has been verified that it can be maintained. The temperature condition of 4 ° C. is also an optimum temperature condition for shifting the seed to a germinable state. By placing the seed in an underwater environment of 20 ° C., the seed may be germinated. Proven.

  Therefore, for example, with respect to a submerged plant, the first temperature condition and the storage period described above for maintaining the seed dormancy state and allowing rapid transition to a germinable state by subsequent treatment, and then germination of the seed are possible. By preserving / germinating the seeds of the submerged plant based on the second temperature condition for shifting to a proper state, it is possible to realize rapid germination of the seed at a necessary time.

  In a preferred embodiment of the method for germinating seeds of aquatic plants according to the present invention, a bottle is used as a seed storage device until the seeds can be germinated.

  In the present invention, when storing seeds in a dormant state to a state where germination is possible, the seeds are stored in an arbitrary bottle (sealed bottle) so that the convenience of carrying and the presence or absence of germination can be visually confirmed. The storage space can be narrowed by appropriately stacking the bins as well as the advantage of being easy and the cost of the storage device being extremely low.

  In addition, the method for planting aquatic seeds according to the present invention includes storing seeds that are ready to germinate by the germination method for seeds of aquatic plants in a storage container, and taking the seeds out of the storage container into a planting area. A method for planting seeds of aquatic plants to be planted, wherein the storage container is a box-shaped first tray having an open top surface and a box-shaped top surface having an open top surface, and at least one side surface has a polygonal line between the bottom surface. It consists of a second tray that is configured to fall over in the center and has a bottom that is permeable to water, and a growth base that has a relatively rough texture, and the second tray is accommodated in the first tray, The growth base is accommodated in the tray of No. 2, seeds that have been filled with water in the first tray and become germinable are sown on the growth base, and the growth base is accommodated from the first tray. Take out the second tray and The sides of the tray and invert by sliding the growth base to be planting area, characterized in that instill growth base to be planting area.

  The present invention relates to a seed planting method for transplanting seeds that can be germinated based on the seed control method described above into an actual transplanted region, and a storage container configured to enable efficient planting. Prepared and planted seeds in an appropriate transplanted area after seeding seeds that can be germinated in the container, strictly, a method of installing a growth base equipped with seeds that can germinate, which will be described later is there.

  The storage container includes a first tray formed in a box shape, a second tray formed in a box shape accommodated in the first tray, and a second tray in which seeds are stored. It is generally composed of a growth base for growing in an attached posture. The first tray is formed in a box shape having an open upper surface made of, for example, plastic. Similarly, the second tray is formed in a box shape made of, for example, plastic, but the bottom surface has a hole for water to permeate, and the water permeability is above (inside the box). For example, a non-woven fabric having a characteristic is laid. Further, at least one side surface is configured to be able to fall around a fold line with the bottom surface, and when the growth base is taken out from the second tray, the side surface of the second tray can be moved by tilting the entire tray. It falls down and can be released while the growth base slides outside.

  The growth base is formed from an arbitrary material having a relatively coarse texture, and the seeds are easily contained or adhered between the textures.

  When seeding germinated seeds, the second tray is accommodated in the first tray, the growth base is accommodated in the second tray, and water is stored in the first tray. Sowing seeds.

  By removing the second tray from the first tray and dehydrating the water in the second tray through, for example, a nonwoven fabric on the bottom surface of the second tray, the growth base contained in the second tray The seeds are contained or adhered in the concave portions of the texture.

  The second tray is transferred to the place where the growth base is installed (seed transplanted area), and the whole tray is tilted with the side surface of the second tray that can be turned down so that the growth base is tilted from the second tray. Is installed at the installation location while sliding.

  According to the method for planting seeds of aquatic plants of the present invention, seeds in a germinable state can be easily installed together with the growth base at the installation location by using the storage container having the above configuration. In addition, since the seeds are stored and attached in the recesses of the texture in the growth base, the seeds are difficult to flow into the water flow even when installed in a water area, and the seeds adhere to each fold. There is a great advantage that seeds are transplanted in a proper density state.

  In addition, the storage container for storing seeds in a germinable state according to the present invention is put into a dormant state by storing the collected aquatic plant seeds in water at a first temperature condition for a certain storage period, and stored in water. A storage container for storing seeds that are allowed to germinate by placing the prepared seeds under a second temperature condition higher than the first temperature, the storage container having an open top surface A box-shaped first tray and a box shape with an open top surface, and at least one side surface is configured to fall around a fold line between the bottom surface and the bottom surface is configured to be water permeable. And a growth base having a relatively coarse texture, the second tray is accommodated in the first tray, and the growth base is accommodated in the second tray.

  By using the storage container of the present invention, as described above, in addition to the transplantation of seeds to a simple transplanted area, the seeds are less likely to flow into the water stream, and it is possible to plant seeds of an appropriate density. The great effect of becoming can be obtained. The first tray and the second tray are preferably made of a material that is as light as possible and convenient to carry, such as plastic or foamed resin, as described above.

  In a preferred embodiment of the storage container for storing seeds in a germinable state according to the present invention, the growth base is made of a biodegradable material containing coconut shells.

  By using coconut husk mat as a growth base material, there is a great advantage that it has a relatively coarse texture and is naturally decomposed because it is biodegradable. Other growth base materials include natural polymers such as aliphatic polyester, cellulose acetate, and nitrocellulose; synthetic polymers such as polyester nylon copolymers; and natural synthetic polymers such as amylose polyester copolymers. Including biodegradable plastics can also be used.

  As can be understood from the above description, according to the method for preserving and germinating aquatic seeds of the present invention, the dormant state can be arbitrarily set by storing the collected aquatic seeds in water at a constant temperature for a certain period of time. It can be controlled, and it can be controlled to germinate by placing it under a certain temperature condition before transplanting the seed to the transplanted area, so it can adjust the storage period and germinate quickly after transplanting can do. Further, according to the method for planting seeds of aquatic plants using a storage container for accommodating seeds in a germinable state according to the present invention, germinating seeds can be easily installed at the installation location together with the growth base. In addition, since the seeds are stored and attached in the recesses of the texture in the growth base, the seeds are less likely to flow into the water flow even when installed in the water area, and it is possible to plant seeds of an appropriate density. The great effect of becoming can be obtained.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for preserving and germinating aquatic seeds and a method for planting aquatic seeds according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view illustrating an embodiment of a storage container according to the present invention. 3a to 3d are schematic diagrams showing the flow from the preparation of the storage container to the sowing of the seeds of the aquatic plants to the dehydration to the preparation of the planting in order, and FIG. 4 continues to FIG. The schematic diagram of the situation which has been installed in the transplant area is shown respectively. FIG. 5 is a graph showing experimental results regarding the relationship between the second temperature and the germination rate, and FIG. 6 shows experimental results regarding the relationship between the seed storage period and the germination rate under the first temperature condition. Each graph is shown.

  FIG. 1 is a flow diagram schematically showing storage and germination treatment of aquatic plants to planting of aquatic plants. First, in step 1 (S1), seeds that have fruited on the waterside are collected, or seeds that are dormant in the soil as a seed bank are collected. Collected seeds are seeds of appropriate aquatic plants including submerged plants that can be collected at the collection site.

  The collected seeds are stored underwater in an arbitrarily shaped bottle (not shown), and stored in an arbitrary storage yard (building) for at least one month with the water temperature kept at 4 ° C. Thus, the dormant state of the seed is maintained (step 2 (S2)).

  When the desired time for seed transplantation has come, the water temperature in the bottle is raised from 4 ° C. to 20 ° C., so that the dormant seed is shifted to a germinable state (step 3 (S3)).

  Next, the configuration and preparation of a storage container for seeding seeds that are ready to germinate will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the storage container 10 includes a plastic box-shaped first tray 1 that is open at the top, and a plastic-made second box-shaped second tray 1 accommodated in the first tray 1. And a growth base 4 accommodated in the second tray 2.

  In the second tray 2, a water permeable mat 3 including a non-woven fabric is laid on a bottom surface 21 having a plurality of dewatering holes 21a, 21a,. Further, one of the side surfaces 22 of the tray 2 is formed so as to be able to fall around a fold line between the bottom surface 21 (arrow X). This is because the growth base 4 to which seeds of aquatic plants in a germinable state are attached can be slid to the outside by overturning the side face 22.

  The growth base 4 is formed from a biodegradable material having a relatively coarse texture, and can accommodate and attach seeds that can be germinated in the recesses 41, 41,. In addition to coconut husks, this material includes natural polymers such as aliphatic polyester, cellulose acetate, and nitrocellulose, synthetic polymers such as polyester nylon copolymers, and natural synthetic polymers such as amylose polyester copolymers. Selectable plastic.

  The flow from preparation of the storage container in FIG. 1 (step 4 (S4)) to seed sowing (step 5 (S5)) to growth base installation preparation (step 6 (S6)) will be further described based on FIG. . The storage container 10 accommodates the second tray 2 in the first tray 1, accommodates the growth base 4 in the second tray 2, and stores water in the first tray 1 (FIG. 3a). The seeds that have become germinable in step 4 are sown therein (FIG. 3b). Here, the germinated seed 6 is stored in the bottle 5 shown in the drawing after being collected, and stored in the step 2 described above at a temperature of 4 ° C. for at least one month. Seeds exposed to an atmosphere of water temperature 20 ° C.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3c, by removing the second tray 2 from the first tray 1 (arrow X), the water accumulated in the second tray 2 slowly passes through the permeable mat 3, Further, dehydration is performed through holes 21a, 21a,. When the dehydration is completed, as shown in FIG. 3d, the seeds 6, 6,... Are accommodated and attached to the recesses 41, 41,.

  The second tray 2 for which the preparation of the growth base has been prepared is placed on the transplanted area, and the growth base is installed while sliding the growth base 4 from the second tray 2 in the transplanted area (see FIG. 1). Step 7 (S7)). This process is schematically shown in FIG. By tilting the second tray 2 downward, the toppable side 22 falls (arrow X), and the growth base 4 slides in the Y direction, so that the growth base 4 can be easily installed in the transplanted region 7. Can be done. By sequentially installing the necessary number of growth bases 4 in the transplanted region 7 while repeating the same operation, planting of the seeds in a germinable state into the transplanted region is completed.

  Next, experimental results by the inventors will be described with reference to FIGS. First, when the seeds of the screw remo stored for 2 months under the low temperature condition of 4 ° C. are left as it is at 4 ° C., when placed in a temperature atmosphere of 10 ° C., and when placed in a temperature atmosphere of 20 ° C. The experimental result which verified each germination rate about three cases is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the case of 4 ° C. is shown as X, the case of being placed in a temperature atmosphere of 10 ° C. is shown as Y, and the case of being placed in a temperature atmosphere of 20 ° C. is shown as Z. Moreover, the vertical line h for each experiment day in the graph Z is the possible range of the germination rate assumed from the experiment result.

  It is demonstrated that the germination rate can be remarkably increased, as is clear when the experimental results of X and Y as comparative examples are compared with Z as the present example. This indicates that assuming a low temperature condition of 4 ° C. and then placing it in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. effectively promotes germination of the screw remo.

  FIG. 6 shows a case where the low-temperature storage period at 4 ° C. is 1 month (X in the figure), 2 months (Y in the figure), and 3 months (Z in the figure). Each experimental result is shown.

  As is clear from the experimental results, even if the storage period is 1 month, the germination rate is about 100% in about 40 days, and 90% germination in about 2 weeks if the storage period is 3 months. It has been demonstrated that the rate can be achieved. Therefore, if you want to plant the waters very early, it is better to keep the low temperature (4 ° C) storage period longer than one month, and in general, the greening is sufficiently early with a low temperature storage period of at least one month. Can be realized.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. They are also included in the present invention.

The flow explaining the preservation | save and germination method of aquatic plant seeds and the planting method of aquatic plant seeds of this invention. The disassembled perspective view which showed one Embodiment of the storage container of this invention. (A)-(d) is the schematic diagram which showed the flow until preparation of a storage container-sowing of seeds of aquatic plants-dehydration-preparation for planting is completed in order. The schematic diagram of the condition which has installed the growth base in the transplant area | region following FIG. The graph which showed the experimental result regarding the relationship between 2nd temperature and a germination rate. The graph which showed the experimental result regarding the relationship between the underwater preservation period and the germination rate of the seed in 1st temperature conditions.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st tray, 2 ... 2nd tray, 21 ... Bottom surface, 21a ... Hole, 22 ... Side surface, 3 ... Permeable mat, 4 ... Growth base, 41 ... Recess, 5 ... Bottle, 6 ... Seed, 7 ... Transplanted area, 10 ... Storage container

Claims (3)

Seeds were harvested submerged plants, maintaining the dormant state by water saving at least a month or more periods seeds at a temperature of 4 ° C., placing the water stored the seeds a temperature of 20 ° C. A method for germinating seeds of aquatic plants, wherein the seeds are allowed to germinate. It said seed until it becomes possible to germination, germination method seeds weeds according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottle as a storage device of the seeds are used. The seed became possible germination state by the germination process of seeds of weeds according to claim 1 or 2 accommodated in the storage container, remove the seeds from the storage container of water plants planted in the planting area of seed Planting method,
The storage container is a box-shaped first tray with an open top surface and a box shape with an open top surface, and at least one side surface is configured to be able to fall around a broken line between the bottom surface and the bottom surface. Is composed of a second tray configured to be permeable to water and a growth base having a relatively coarse texture. The second tray is accommodated in the first tray, and the growth base is accommodated in the second tray. becomes, the seeds become germinated ready filled with water within the first tray and seeded onto growth base, retrieve the second tray accommodating the growth base from the first tray, the second tray A method for planting a seed of aquatic plants, wherein the growth base is planted in the planting area by tumbling the side of the plant and sliding the growth base in the planting area.

Images