JP4463930B2 - Flexible heater - Google Patents
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- JP4463930B2 JP4463930B2 JP2000076300A JP2000076300A JP4463930B2 JP 4463930 B2 JP4463930 B2 JP 4463930B2 JP 2000076300 A JP2000076300 A JP 2000076300A JP 2000076300 A JP2000076300 A JP 2000076300A JP 4463930 B2 JP4463930 B2 JP 4463930B2
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- heater
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、一般用の暖房機器や工業用のヒーター、また、自動車用シートや椅子等の座部や背部、床や壁等の形状に沿って設置されて使用される柔軟な形状変化が要求される一般用及び工業用の平面状の可撓性ヒーター、特に、取り扱いが楽で、抵抗の大きさを容易に調整できる平面状の可撓性ヒーターに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、可撓性を有するヒーターとして、例えば、特公昭51−15234号公報に示されているように、炭素繊維の表面を絶縁性の樹脂で被覆し、その樹脂を硬化、焼結せずに、柔軟性を損なわない樹脂の状態のままで炭素繊維表面を被覆して、この樹脂で被覆された内部の炭素繊維に通電し、発熱させるものが使用されている。
【0003】
ところが、このような従来の可撓性ヒーターの場合、そのヒーターの発熱特性等は内部の炭素繊維の厚みや、炭素繊維の密度等の炭素繊維含有量で調節していた。したがって、高い発熱特性を得ようとした場合、内部の炭素繊維含有量を増加させていたため、それに伴って、炭素繊維の有する可撓性を損なうこととなっていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようする課題】
そこで、本発明は、炭素繊維の有する可撓性を損なうことなく、ヒーターの発熱特性を容易に調整できる可撓性ヒーターを提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するための本発明の可撓性ヒーターは、フィラメント数が1000本〜12000本の炭素繊維織物または炭素繊維束の表面に樹脂の炭化層が形成され、前記炭化層の厚みが5〜70μmであり、全体の厚みが0.1〜0.5mmである。また、幅が2cmである本発明の可撓性ヒーターを支点から5cm突き出すと共に突き出した前記可撓性ヒーターの先端に5gの重りを吊り下げたときの前記可撓性ヒーターの撓み量が10〜40mmである。
【0006】
使用される炭素繊維は、PAN系、ピッチ系、レーヨン系のいずれの種類のものでも適用でき、特に限定はない。
【0007】
また、炭素繊維は、面状であれば、特に限定されず、可撓性を有しつつ、高い強度を有することができる炭素繊維束若しくは織物が好ましい。また、炭素繊維が縦方向若しくは横方向のいずれか一方の方向にのみ配列している1次元のものや、縦方向と横方向に交互に交差して形成されている2次元のもの等いずれであってもよい。また、これら炭素繊維束若しくは織物を構成する炭素繊維のフィラメント数が1000〜12000本、好ましくは1000〜6000本であることが好ましい。フィラメント数が1000本未満であれば、強度が高くならず、また、12000本を越えると、逆に強度が高くなりすぎ、可撓性が低下することになる。
【0008】
この炭素繊維の表面に形成される炭化層となる樹脂としては、熱硬化性樹脂であれば特に限定はなく、例えば、フェノール樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリカルボジイミド樹脂等が使用できる。これら樹脂に必要に応じて硬化させるための硬化剤、促進剤を併用する。ここで、樹脂自体は熱可塑性樹脂であるが、それに硬化剤を併用することにより、全体として熱硬化性となる熱硬化性樹脂組成物も、本発明の熱硬化性樹脂に包含されるものとする。これら樹脂の中でも、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリカルボジイミド樹脂等を用いると、表面が滑らかな外観となることから好ましい。
【0009】
本発明にかかる可撓性ヒーターは、前記炭素繊維織物若しくは炭素繊維束の表面に前記樹脂を塗布若しくは含浸後、硬化させて、焼成処理を経て樹脂を炭化させて、前記炭素繊維織物若しくは炭素繊維束の相互間を固着し、その表面を被覆して作製される。樹脂を塗布若しくは含浸させる方法は特に限定されないが、例えば、刷毛等によって表面に塗布するか、若しくは液状の樹脂中に浸漬する方法を適用できる。樹脂を塗布若しくは含浸した後、200〜600℃の任意の温度で熱処理し、樹脂を硬化させた後、800〜2000℃の任意の温度で、不活性ガス雰囲気中で、熱処理し、樹脂を炭化させる。焼成時の温度によって、後述する炭化層の固有抵抗を調整することができる。
【0010】
前記樹脂を塗布若しくは含浸させる量は、硬化、焼成処理を経て炭化させた後に全体の厚みが0.1〜0.5mm、好ましくは0.15〜0.5mmとなるように調整する。厚みが0.1mm未満であると、ヒーターとして適用できる十分な強度とはいえず、また、0.5mmを越えると、可撓性が低下する。また、炭素繊維織物若しくは炭素繊維束に含浸、被覆される炭化層のうち表面に被覆される炭化層の厚みが5〜70μm、好ましくは5〜60μmとなるようにすることが好ましい。炭化層の厚みが5μm未満であると、ヒーターの形状保持が困難になるとともに、薄すぎるために、ヒーターの熱分布が均等にならない。また、70μmを越えると、炭素繊維織物若しくは炭素繊維束との熱膨張率の違いによって剥離することがあるとともに、固有抵抗が高くなり、従来の表面が絶縁体の樹脂で被覆された可撓性ヒーターの如く、内部の炭素繊維織物及び炭素繊維束への通電用の電極を設ける必要がでてくる。
【0011】
本発明における可撓性ヒーターは、内部の炭素繊維織物若しくは炭素繊維束及び表面に被覆されたこの炭化層に通電することで、ヒーターとして使用されるものである。そのため、この表面に被覆された炭化層の厚みや、前述のように炭化させるときの焼成温度を調整することによってヒーター全体の固有抵抗を調整することが可能となる。すなわち、ヒーター特性を高める場合は、この表面に被覆された炭化層の厚みを厚めにすることで、固有抵抗を高めることが可能となる。従って、表面に被覆された炭化層の厚みを前述の5〜70μm、好ましくは5〜60μmとすることで、ヒーターの固有抵抗を10〜90μΩ・mの範囲で安定させることができ、ヒーター全面を均等な熱分布とすることができる。
【0012】
また、本発明の可撓性ヒーターは、その可撓性を示す指標として、例えば、幅を2cm一定とし、支点から5cm突き出し、その先端に5gの重りを吊り下げた場合の撓み量を用いると、本発明にかかるヒーターは、その撓み量が10〜40mmを示す。これは、例えば、一般用暖房機器のヒーター等のような不活性ガスが充填された任意の形状に湾曲等された石英管内に封入したり、自動車用シートや椅子等の座部や背部、床や壁等の形状に沿って設置するに十分な可撓性である。このことから、本発明にかかる可撓性ヒーターが、一般用暖房機器のヒーター等のような不活性ガスが充填された任意の形状に湾曲等された石英管内に封入したり、自動車用シートや椅子等の座部や背部、床や壁等の形状に沿って設置する面状の可撓性ヒーターとして適用できるといえる。
【0013】
また、本発明の可撓性ヒーターは、前述のように従来の可撓性ヒーターと異なり、内部の炭素繊維のみに通電するのではなく、この炭素繊維を固着している含浸、被覆された炭化層の両方に通電する。したがって、通電するための電極は、樹脂が含浸、被覆され、内部及び表面に炭化層が形成された炭素繊維織物若しくは炭素繊維束の両端部を、上下からその全体を挟むような形態のものでよい。この電極の形態は特に限定されるものではない。そして、実際に使用する場合は、適宜、電極を含む全面若しくは部分的に絶縁層を設けたり、防水性の膜を形成することもできる。これによって、使用環境に適応させることができ、自動車用シートや椅子等の座部や背部、床や壁等の形状に沿って設置する場合に適応させることができる。
【0014】
また、炭素繊維を固着している樹脂が完全に炭化されているため、従来の可撓性ヒーターのように、使用中にその使用温度によって、樹脂が硬化して、可撓性が変化したり、樹脂分が揮発しガスとして発生することを抑制することができる。したがって、例えば、石英管等に封入されて使用された場合であっても、使用中にガスの発生がなく、石英管等を曇らすことがなくなる。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
(実施例1)
フィラメント数1000本のPAN系炭素繊維の平織織物1層にワニス状ポリイミド樹脂を塗布し、空気中で120℃で30分間熱処理した後、さらに250℃で3時間熱処理し、樹脂を硬化させた。引き続き、さらに、1000℃で3時間、窒素雰囲気中で焼成し硬化した樹脂を炭化させた。炭化処理後、10×100mmに加工した。加工後、ヒーターの厚みを測定し、その厚みから、形成されている炭化層の厚みを算出した。また、電圧降下法により、室温での固有抵抗の測定を行った。また、ヒーターを5cm支点から突き出し、その先端に長さ5cmの糸に付けた5gの重りを吊り下げて、その時の撓み量を測定した。また、目視によって表面外観を判定した。
【0016】
(実施例2)
樹脂硬化後の熱処理温度を2000℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0017】
(実施例3)
フィラメント数1000本のPAN系炭素繊維の平織織物を3層積層し、樹脂硬化後の熱処理温度を2000℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0018】
(実施例4)
フェノール樹脂を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0019】
(実施例5)
ポリカルボジイミド樹脂を使用し、樹脂硬化後の熱処理温度を2000℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0020】
(実施例6)
エポキシ樹脂を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0021】
(実施例7)
フィラメント数3000本のPAN系炭素繊維の平織織物を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0022】
(実施例8)
フィラメント数6000本のPAN系炭素繊維の平織織物を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0023】
(実施例9)
フィラメント数12000本のPAN系炭素繊維束を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0024】
(参考例1)
焼成処理後の炭化層の厚みが厚くなるように、樹脂を厚めに塗布した以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0025】
(比較例1)
焼成処理後の炭化層の厚みが厚くなるように、樹脂を厚めに塗布した以外は、実施例3と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0026】
(比較例2)
樹脂を硬化したのみで、焼成処理を行わなかった点以外は、実施例1と同様の手段により可撓性ヒーターを作製した。この可撓性ヒーターを、実施例1同様に、ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定を行った。
【0027】
実施例1乃至9、参考例1及び比較例1及び2の可撓性ヒーターの厚み、固有抵抗、撓み量の測定結果を表1にまとめて示す。
【0028】
【表1】
【0029】
表1より、実施例1乃至9、参考例1の本発明にかかる可撓性ヒーターは、炭化層の厚みや使用した樹脂によって固有抵抗が変化することがわかる。すなわち、炭化層の厚みや使用する樹脂によって固有抵抗を調整することができるといえる。例えば、実施例1と実施例2は、フィラメント数、積層枚数等、内部の炭素繊維基材を同一にし、焼成温度を変えて、炭化層の厚みを変えたものであるが、炭化層の厚い実施例1のヒーターの方が炭化層の薄い実施例2のヒーターよりも固有抵抗が高くなった。このことから高めの固有抵抗を得るためには、炭化層を厚くすればよいことが判る。また、その厚みを参考例1のように70μmを越えて厚くしすぎると、炭素繊維と炭化層の熱膨張率の違いから炭化層にクラックが発生するが、実用上差し支えない程度である。ところが、比較例1のように、炭素繊維織物を3層積層し、その表面に樹脂被覆を施すと、そのヒーター自身の可撓性が損なわれることになる。また、樹脂硬化層が内部に含浸、表面に被覆されている比較例2のヒーターは、加熱処理中に樹脂部分よりガスが発生した。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明の可撓性ヒーターは以上のように構成されており、フィラメント数が1000本〜12000本の炭素繊維織物または炭素繊維束の表面に樹脂の炭化層を形成し、全体の厚みを0.1〜0.5mmとし、好ましくは、炭化層の厚みを5〜70μmとすることで、可撓性を有し、面の熱分布が均一な面状ヒーターとすることができ、炭化層の厚みを焼成温度、樹脂の種類等を調整することで、そのヒーター特性を容易に調整することができるため、適用分野に合わせて、適宜ヒーター特性を適応させた可撓性ヒーターを提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is required to have a flexible shape change that is installed and used along the shapes of general heating equipment, industrial heaters, seats and backs of automobile seats and chairs, floors and walls, etc. In particular, the present invention relates to a planar flexible heater for general use and industrial use, and more particularly to a planar flexible heater that is easy to handle and can easily adjust the magnitude of resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a flexible heater, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-15234, the surface of carbon fiber is coated with an insulating resin, and the resin is not cured and sintered. The carbon fiber surface is coated in the state of a resin that does not impair the flexibility, and the inner carbon fiber coated with this resin is energized to generate heat.
[0003]
However, in the case of such a conventional flexible heater, the heat generation characteristics and the like of the heater are adjusted by the carbon fiber content such as the thickness of the carbon fiber inside and the density of the carbon fiber. Therefore, when trying to obtain high heat generation characteristics, the carbon fiber content in the interior is increased, and accordingly, the flexibility of the carbon fiber is impaired.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Then, an object of this invention is to provide the flexible heater which can adjust the heat_generation | fever characteristic of a heater easily, without impairing the flexibility which carbon fiber has.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the flexible heater of the present invention for solving the above problems, a carbonized resin layer is formed on the surface of a carbon fiber fabric or carbon fiber bundle having 1000 to 12,000 filaments , and the thickness of the carbonized layer is 5 It is -70 micrometers and the whole thickness is 0.1-0.5 mm. Further, the flexible heater of the present invention having a width of 2 cm protrudes from a fulcrum by 5 cm, and when the weight of the flexible heater is suspended from the tip of the protruding flexible heater, the deflection amount of the flexible heater is 10 to 10. 40 mm.
[0006]
The carbon fiber used may be any of PAN, pitch, and rayon types, and is not particularly limited.
[0007]
Moreover, if carbon fiber is planar, it will not specifically limit, The carbon fiber bundle or textile fabric which can have high intensity | strength while having flexibility is preferable. In addition, one-dimensional ones in which carbon fibers are arranged only in either the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, or two-dimensional ones formed by alternately intersecting the vertical and horizontal directions, etc. There may be. Moreover, it is preferable that the number of filaments of the carbon fiber which comprises these carbon fiber bundles or textiles is 1000-12000, Preferably it is 1000-6000. If the number of filaments is less than 1000, the strength does not increase. On the other hand, if the number exceeds 12,000, the strength becomes too high and the flexibility is lowered.
[0008]
The resin to be a carbonized layer formed on the surface of the carbon fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is a thermosetting resin. For example, phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, polycarbodiimide resin, and the like. Can be used. These resins are used in combination with a curing agent and an accelerator for curing as necessary. Here, although the resin itself is a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin composition that becomes thermosetting as a whole by using a curing agent in combination therewith is also included in the thermosetting resin of the present invention. To do. Among these resins, it is preferable to use a polyimide resin, a polycarbodiimide resin, or the like because the surface has a smooth appearance.
[0009]
The flexible heater according to the present invention is the carbon fiber woven fabric or carbon fiber bundle obtained by applying or impregnating the resin to the surface of the carbon fiber woven fabric or carbon fiber bundle, and then curing and carbonizing the resin through a baking treatment. It is produced by fixing the bundles together and covering the surfaces. The method of applying or impregnating the resin is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of applying the resin to the surface with a brush or dipping in a liquid resin can be applied. After applying or impregnating the resin, heat treatment at an arbitrary temperature of 200 to 600 ° C., curing the resin, and heat treatment at an arbitrary temperature of 800 to 2000 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere to carbonize the resin. Let The specific resistance of the carbonized layer, which will be described later, can be adjusted by the temperature during firing.
[0010]
The amount of the resin to be applied or impregnated is adjusted so that the entire thickness becomes 0.1 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.15 to 0.5 mm after being carbonized through curing and baking treatment. If the thickness is less than 0.1 mm, it cannot be said that sufficient strength can be applied as a heater, and if it exceeds 0.5 mm, the flexibility is lowered. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of the carbonized layer coated on the surface of the carbonized layer impregnated and coated on the carbon fiber fabric or the carbon fiber bundle is 5 to 70 μm, preferably 5 to 60 μm. When the thickness of the carbonized layer is less than 5 μm, it is difficult to maintain the shape of the heater, and the heater is too thin, so that the heat distribution of the heater is not uniform. Also, if it exceeds 70 μm, it may be peeled off due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient from the carbon fiber woven fabric or carbon fiber bundle, and the specific resistance is increased, and the conventional surface is coated with an insulating resin. Like a heater, it is necessary to provide an electrode for energizing the carbon fiber fabric and the carbon fiber bundle inside.
[0011]
The flexible heater in the present invention is used as a heater by energizing the carbon fiber fabric or carbon fiber bundle inside and the carbonized layer coated on the surface. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the specific resistance of the entire heater by adjusting the thickness of the carbonized layer coated on the surface and the firing temperature when carbonized as described above. That is, when improving the heater characteristics, the specific resistance can be increased by increasing the thickness of the carbonized layer coated on the surface. Therefore, by setting the thickness of the carbonized layer coated on the surface to the aforementioned 5-70 μm, preferably 5-60 μm, the specific resistance of the heater can be stabilized in the range of 10-90 μΩ · m, An even heat distribution can be obtained.
[0012]
Further, the flexible heater of the present invention uses, for example, the amount of deflection when the width is constant 2 cm, protrudes 5 cm from the fulcrum, and a weight of 5 g is suspended at the tip, as an index indicating the flexibility. The heater according to the present invention has a deflection amount of 10 to 40 mm. This is, for example, enclosed in a quartz tube bent into an arbitrary shape filled with an inert gas such as a heater of a general heating appliance, or a seat or back of an automobile seat or chair, a floor, It is flexible enough to be installed along the shape of a wall or the like. From this, the flexible heater according to the present invention can be enclosed in a quartz tube bent into an arbitrary shape filled with an inert gas such as a heater for general heating equipment, It can be said that it can be applied as a planar flexible heater installed along the shape of a seat or back of a chair, a floor, a wall, or the like.
[0013]
In addition, unlike the conventional flexible heater, the flexible heater of the present invention does not energize only the internal carbon fiber, but is impregnated and covered with carbonized carbon fiber. Energize both layers. Therefore, the electrode for energization is in such a form that the both ends of the carbon fiber woven fabric or carbon fiber bundle in which the resin is impregnated and coated and the carbonized layer is formed inside and on the surface are sandwiched from above and below. Good. The form of this electrode is not particularly limited. In actual use, an insulating layer may be provided on the entire surface or part of the electrode including an electrode, or a waterproof film may be formed as appropriate. Thereby, it can adapt to use environment, and can be adapted when installing along the shape of a seat part and back parts, such as a car seat and a chair, a floor, and a wall.
[0014]
In addition, since the resin to which the carbon fiber is fixed is completely carbonized, the resin hardens and changes in flexibility depending on the use temperature during use like conventional flexible heaters. It is possible to prevent the resin component from evaporating and being generated as a gas. Therefore, for example, even when used by being enclosed in a quartz tube or the like, no gas is generated during use, and the quartz tube or the like is not fogged.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.
Example 1
A single layer of a PAN-based carbon fiber plain woven fabric with 1000 filaments was coated with a varnish-like polyimide resin, heat-treated in air at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, and further heat-treated at 250 ° C. for 3 hours to cure the resin. Subsequently, the resin baked and cured in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1000 ° C. for 3 hours was carbonized. After carbonization, it was processed to 10 × 100 mm. After processing, the thickness of the heater was measured, and the thickness of the formed carbonized layer was calculated from the thickness. Moreover, the specific resistance at room temperature was measured by the voltage drop method. Further, a heater was protruded from a 5 cm fulcrum, a 5 g weight attached to a 5 cm long thread was suspended at the tip, and the amount of deflection at that time was measured. Moreover, the surface appearance was determined visually.
[0016]
(Example 2)
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that the heat treatment temperature after resin curing was 2000 ° C. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0017]
(Example 3)
A flexible heater was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that three layers of plain woven fabric of PAN-based carbon fibers having 1000 filaments were laminated and the heat treatment temperature after resin curing was 2000 ° C. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0018]
Example 4
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that a phenol resin was used. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0019]
(Example 5)
A flexible heater was prepared by the same means as in Example 1 except that polycarbodiimide resin was used and the heat treatment temperature after resin curing was 2000 ° C. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0020]
(Example 6)
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that an epoxy resin was used. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0021]
(Example 7)
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that a plain woven fabric of PAN-based carbon fiber having 3000 filaments was used. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0022]
(Example 8)
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that a plain woven fabric of PAN-based carbon fibers having 6,000 filaments was used. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0023]
Example 9
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that a PAN-based carbon fiber bundle having 12,000 filaments was used. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0024]
( Reference Example 1 )
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that the resin was applied thickly so that the thickness of the carbonized layer after the baking treatment was increased. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0025]
(Comparative Example 1)
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 3 except that the resin was applied thickly so that the thickness of the carbonized layer after the firing treatment was increased. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0026]
(Comparative Example 2)
A flexible heater was produced by the same means as in Example 1 except that the resin was only cured and no baking treatment was performed. This flexible heater was measured for the heater thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0027]
Table 1 shows the measurement results of the thickness, specific resistance, and deflection amount of the flexible heaters of Examples 1 to 9, Reference Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
[0028]
[Table 1]
[0029]
From Table 1, it can be seen that the specific resistance of the flexible heater according to the present invention of Examples 1 to 9 and Reference Example 1 varies depending on the thickness of the carbonized layer and the resin used. That is, it can be said that the specific resistance can be adjusted by the thickness of the carbonized layer and the resin used. For example, Example 1 and Example 2 have the same carbon fiber base material inside such as the number of filaments and the number of laminated layers, the firing temperature is changed, and the thickness of the carbonized layer is changed. The specific resistance of the heater of Example 1 was higher than that of the heater of Example 2 having a thin carbonized layer. From this, it can be seen that in order to obtain a higher specific resistance, the carbonized layer should be thickened. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 70 μm as in Reference Example 1 , cracks occur in the carbonized layer due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the carbon fiber and the carbonized layer, but this is practically acceptable. However, as in Comparative Example 1, when three layers of carbon fiber fabrics are laminated and a resin coating is applied to the surface, the flexibility of the heater itself is impaired. Further, in the heater of Comparative Example 2 in which the cured resin layer was impregnated and coated on the surface, gas was generated from the resin portion during the heat treatment.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
The flexible heater of the present invention is configured as described above, and a carbonized layer of resin is formed on the surface of a carbon fiber woven fabric or carbon fiber bundle having 1000 to 12,000 filaments, and the total thickness is set to 0.00. By setting the thickness of the carbonized layer to 1 to 0.5 mm, and preferably to a thickness of 5 to 70 μm, it is possible to obtain a planar heater having flexibility and a uniform surface heat distribution. Since the heater characteristics can be easily adjusted by adjusting the firing temperature, the type of resin, etc., it is possible to provide a flexible heater appropriately adapted to the heater characteristics in accordance with the application field. .
Claims (2)
前記炭化層の厚みが5〜70μmであり、
全体の厚みが0.1〜0.5mmである可撓性ヒーター。A carbonized layer of resin is formed on the surface of a carbon fiber fabric or carbon fiber bundle having 1000 to 12,000 filaments,
The carbonized layer has a thickness of 5 to 70 μm,
A flexible heater having an overall thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
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| JP2000076300A JP4463930B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2000-03-14 | Flexible heater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2000076300A JP4463930B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2000-03-14 | Flexible heater |
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| JP2001257058A JP2001257058A (en) | 2001-09-21 |
| JP4463930B2 true JP4463930B2 (en) | 2010-05-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7049559B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2006-05-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Flexible PTC heating element and method of manufacturing the heating element |
| JP4727644B2 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2011-07-20 | パナソニック株式会社 | Heater and heating device |
| JP4727215B2 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2011-07-20 | パナソニック株式会社 | Heater and heating device |
| CN102017788A (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2011-04-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Heating-element unit, and heating device |
| TW201006294A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-02-01 | Qin-Ling Pan | Flexible electrothermal product made of activated carbon fiber and its manufacturing method |
| JP2011181311A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-09-15 | Narumiya:Kk | Heater, and heater system |
| DE102011109577A1 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-07 | Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh | Electrically conductive material and radiator with electrically conductive material and method for its production |
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