JP4469069B2

JP4469069B2 - Automatic ball removal hook

Info

Publication number: JP4469069B2
Application number: JP2000239492A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 武池田
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-08-08
Filing date: 2000-08-08
Publication date: 2010-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2020-08-08
Also published as: JP2002053285A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、クレーン、ホイストなどの荷物を吊り上げる揚上機のフックに係り、特に搬送中の安全性が高く、しかも、構成が簡単で、安価に実施できるようにした自動玉外しフックに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
クレーンやホイストなどの揚上機を使う荷役作業においては、搬器としてフックを用いることが多く、この場合、揚上機のフックにワイヤーロープなどの吊り荷側のロープや、吊り荷側のアイプレートや、吊り荷側のフックなどを掛けたり、外したりしなければならない。揚上機のフックにワイヤーロープなどを掛ける作業（玉掛け作業）は、搬送中の荷物の安定などを考慮しなければならないので、特別な資格を有する作業員が従事することになっている。
【０００３】
これに対して、揚上機のフックから吊り荷側のロープなどを外す作業（玉外し作業）は比較的安全上の問題が少ないことから、荷降し時に全く人手を掛けずに自動的に玉外しができるようにしたフックが提案されている(特開昭５８−１５７６９０号、特開平２０００−７２７２号等参照。)。
【０００４】
これらの従来技術は、荷降しによりフックの吊荷荷重が解除されると、スプリングの張力（特開昭５８−１５７６９０号）や、バランスウェイトの重量や、バランスウェイトの重量及び捩りバネの付勢力（特開平２０００−７２７２号）などを利用して、フックを回転させることにより、ワイヤーロープなどがフックから掛外されるようにしている。
【０００５】
例えば、特開平２０００−７２７２号公報に記載された吊り具（以下、従来例１という。）によれば、本体フレームに略Ｃ字形に形成したフック体を鈎先寄りに偏倚した位置を中心に回転可能に支持させ、荷扱い前に仮固定爪で鈎先が閉じられる初期セット状態に仮ロックし、吊り荷側のロープがフック体の鈎先部に玉掛けされる。
【０００６】
この後、荷物を吊り上げる吊り上げ時に、本体フレームとこれに昇降可能に支持させたロッキングローラを引っ張りコイルバネからなるスプリングに打ち勝って本体フレームに対して上昇させ、前記仮固定爪を跳ね上げてフック体から外すとともに、ロッキングローラでフック体を牽制する状態に切り替える。この状態は、搬送中及び荷物が荷降し地に接地するまで継続される。
【０００７】
荷物が荷降し地に接地した後、クレーン側のロープを緩めると、前記スプリングの張力により、ロッキングローラが本体フレームに対して下降し、このロッキングローラに受止められているフック体の先端面からロッキングローラがはずれると、フック体を開かせる方向に作用するフック体の重量と捩りコイルバネからなるスプリングの付勢力でフック体を回転させてフック体の鈎先が開かれる。
【０００８】
又、特開昭５８−１５７０９０号公報には、フックを後方引き上げ位置に付勢するスプリングを介装して、フック操作用ロープでフックを前方引下げ位置に引き下げて吊り荷側のロープをフックに掛け、吊り上げた荷物の重量でスプリングに抗してフックを前方引下げ位置に保持し、荷降しの時に吊り荷の荷重がなくなると、スプリングの付勢力によりフックを後方引き上げ位置に移動させて吊り荷側のロープをフックから外すようにした吊荷用フック（以下、従来例２と言う。）が記載されている。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記従来例１の吊り具には、これら本体フレーム、フック体、ロッキングローラ、仮固定爪及び２つのスプリングの他に、本体フレームに昇降可能に支持され、前記ロッキングローラを支持するスライドバー、仮固定爪をフック体の先端面から離れる位置に位置決めする手段、が設けられるので、部品点数が多く、従って、構成が複雑で、高価になる嫌いがある。
【００１０】
又、従来例２は従来例１に比べると、部品点数が少なく、構成が簡単で安価になるが、常時、スプリングでフックを開く方向に付勢しているので、搬送中に上下方向の振動により吊り荷側の荷重がなくなると、フックが開く方向に移動する。そして、このフックの移動が累積すると、ついには吊り荷側のロープがフックから外れるというおそれがある。
【００１１】
本発明は、これら従来技術の課題を解決し、搬送中の安全性が高く、しかも、構成が簡単で、安価になる自動玉外しフックを提供することを目的とするものである。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る自動玉外しフックは、この目的を達成するため、縦長の主軸と、該主軸の下端部に鈎先支軸を介して水平軸心回りに回転可能に片持ち支持された鈎先部と、断面が非円形に形成されたレバー支軸の両端に固定された一対のレバー板と、両レバー板の中間部どうしを連結する連結ピンと、両レバー板の下端部どうしを連結する係止ピンとを備え、レバー支軸を介して主軸の上部に水平軸心回りに回転可能に支持され、水平の玉掛け位置に位置する鈎先部に前記係止ピンを係脱させる係止レバーと、前記主軸上部の鈎先側端面に固定したバネ掛けと前記連結ピンとにわたって架着され、係止レバーを鈎先部の鈎先方向に付勢するバネと、前記レバー支軸が回転可能に挿通される円孔と、この円孔に連続して上方に延び、前記係止レバーが所定の傾斜角度に保持された待機位置で前記レバー支軸が回転不能に、かつ、摺動可能に挿通される縦長の長孔とからなり、玉掛け後、吊り荷を吊り上げるまでの間にわたって、レバー支軸が長孔に入るまで持ち上げられると、係止レバーを待機位置に保持させ、鈎先部が係合ピンを受け止められる状態にする回転制御孔と、玉掛け作業後、吊り荷側のロープが係合された鈎先部が上昇されると、鈎先部と係止レバーが下方に引き下げられ、当該係止レバーの係止ピンを最深部に位置調整するとともに、瞬間的に吊り荷の重量が解除され、バネの付勢力によって係止ピンが最深部から鈎先方向に移動する場合であっても、係止ピンが鈎先側端部に位置する臨界位置を鈎先側に乗り越えない限り、吊り荷の重量が回復すると同時に係止ピンを最深部に復帰させる、鈎先部に形成された係合凹部と、を備えるという技術的手段を採用する。
【００１３】
これによれば、下方に垂れ下げた鈎先部に吊り荷側のロープなどを係合し、玉掛け位置以上に鈎先を高く振り上げた状態で、係止レバーを回転させて、鈎先部の下方に係止レバーの下端部を移動させ、更に、係合凹部に係止レバーの下端部を係合して、この係止レバーの下端部の位置を自動調整させることにより、吊り荷側ロープなどは主軸、鈎先部及び係止レバーにより囲まれた空間に通されることになる。
【００１４】
搬送中の振動により、鈎先部が受ける吊り荷の荷重が瞬間的に解除されると、鈎先部は常時係止レバーを介してバネにより玉掛け位置よりも上方に回転する方向に付勢されているが、吊り荷側のロープに緩みが出ない限り吊り荷側のロープに牽制されて、玉掛け位置よりも上方に移動することはない。
【００１５】
吊り荷側のロープなどに緩みが出る程度に振動が大きい場合には、鈎先部は吊り荷側のロープ等の緩みがなくなるまでの範囲で玉掛け位置よりも上方に回転し、この鈎先部を付勢している係止レバーは鈎先方向に回転することになる。しかし、この係止レバーの回転が所定の範囲以上、例えば係止レバーの下端部が係合凹部から離脱する程度以上に大きくならない限り、係合凹部が係止レバーの位置を自動調整するので、吊り荷側の荷重が回復すると同時に係止レバーが所定の位置、例えば係合凹部の最深部に位置調整され、係止レバーと鈎先部とが係合された状態が保持され、搬送中に吊り荷側のロープなどがフックから外れ、吊り荷が落下する危険をなくすことができる。
【００１６】
搬送中の振動に対してこの係合凹部の自動位置調整機能が効を奏する範囲は、係合凹部の鈎先部軸方向の最深部から鈎先方向への長さによって決定され、これが長いほど広範囲に自動位置調整ができ、又、係合凹部の深さは自動位置調整機能が担保される振動の大きさに関連し、この深さが深い程、係合ピンが係合凹部内で移動することを担保できる振動の大きさを大きくすることができる。
【００１７】
荷降し時に吊り荷が接地し、鈎先部に作用していた吊り荷の荷重が解消されると、鈎先部が吊り荷側のロープなどにより牽制され、更にフックを下降させて、この牽制を緩和してやると、鈎先部は吊り荷側のロープに牽制されながらとはいえ、玉掛け位置から上方に、係合凹部がこれに係合されている係合ピンとの係合を解除できる位置以上に、回転できるようになる。
【００１８】
前記係止レバーは、常時、バネによって鈎先方向に付勢されているので、鈎先部の上方への移動に対する吊り荷側のロープなどによる牽制が解かれると、バネの力で鈎先方向に回転しながら鈎先部を玉掛け位置から上方に回転させながら、係止レバーの下端部が係合凹部から離脱し、更に、鈎先部の鈎先から離脱する。
【００１９】
係止レバーの下端部が鈎先部から離脱すると、主軸に片持ち支持されている鈎先部は自重で下方に垂れ下がり、自動的にこの鈎先部に支持されていた吊り荷側のロープなどが自重で落下して玉外しされる。
【００２０】
しかも、この自動玉外しフックは、主軸と、係合凹部を有する鈎先部とに分割形成し、これらを鈎先支軸で連結し、主軸の上部にレバー支軸を介して係止レバーを連結し、この係止レバーを付勢するバネを設ければよいので、構成が簡単で、安価に実施できるのである。
【００２１】
本発明においては、主軸にレバー支軸を単に回転可能に支持させてもよいが、レバー支軸の断面形状を、例えば小判形、弦月形、楕円形、台形、平行四辺形などの非円形に形成し、前記主軸には、このレバー支軸が回転可能に挿通される円孔と、この円孔に連続して上方に延び、前記レバー支軸が回転不能に、かつ、摺動可能に挿通される縦長の長孔とからなる回転制御孔を形成すると、玉掛け後、吊り荷を吊り上げるまでの間にわたってレバー支軸が長孔に入る位置に係止レバーを位置させることにより、鈎先部を玉掛け位置に保持させて、玉掛け後吊り上げまでの間に吊り荷側のロープなどがフックから離脱することを防止できるので有利である。
【００２２】
また、本発明において、主軸を揚上機に懸垂支持させる構造は特に限定されず、例えば、揚上機側のロープなどを主軸の上部にピン止め、ボルト止め、釘止め、リベット止めなどにより連結したり、主軸の上部に揚上機側のロープなどを挿通する挿通孔を穿設すると、この挿通孔に揚上機側のロープを挿通し、このロープの先端を結んだり、このロープの先端にブロックを固定して、揚上機側のロープがこの挿通孔から抜けないようにしたり、この挿通孔に挿通した揚上機側のロープの先端に形成したアイを鈎先部に掛けたりすることができる。そして、挿通孔に挿通した揚上機側のロープの先端を鈎先部に掛ける場合には、挿通孔から鈎先部にいたるロープと、この自動玉掛けフックとの間に吊り荷を抱きかかえるようにして吊り上げることができる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の態様】
本発明の一実施例に係る自動玉外しフックを図面に基づいて具体的に説明すれば、以下の通りである。
【００２４】
図面において、図１は本発明の一実施例に係る自動玉外しフックの側面図であり、図２はその背面図であり、図３は図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【００２５】
さて、この自動玉外しフックは、主軸１と、これの下端部１ａに鈎先支軸２を介して回転可能に片持ち支持された鈎先部３と、上端部が前記主軸１の上部にレバー支軸４を介して支持される係止レバー５とを備える。
【００２６】
このレバー支軸４の断面は非円形、例えば小判形に形成され、前記主軸１には、このレバー支軸４が回転可能に挿通される円孔６ａと、この円孔６ａに連続して上方に延び、前記レバー支軸４が回転不能に、かつ、摺動可能に挿通される縦長の長孔６ｂとからなる回転制御孔６が形成される。
【００２７】
前記係止レバー５は、レバー支軸４の両端に固定された一対のレバー板５ａと、両レバー板６ａの中間部どうしを連結する連結ピン５ｂと、両レバー板５ａの下端部どうしを連結する係止ピン５ｃとを備え、前記主軸１上部の鈎先側端面１ｂに固定したバネ掛け７と前記連結ピン５ｂとにわたって架着されたバネ８により上方に付勢されている。
【００２８】
図４の側面図に示すように、荷扱以外の時（非荷扱時）には、鈎先部３は下方に垂れ下がらせ、係止レバー５は前記バネ８の付勢力によりレバー支軸４が前記長孔６ｂに入る位置に引き上げられ、長孔６ｂにより規制される所定の傾斜角度に保持される待機位置に位置する。
【００２９】
なお、この係止レバー５が待機位置に位置する時には、鈎先部３は係止ピン５ｃの下周面に受止められる位置より上方に回転できないようにしてある。
【００３０】
玉掛け作業は、例えば、図５の側面図に示すように、吊り荷側のロープ１０を鈎先部３に掛けた後、吊り荷側のロープ１０が鈎先部３から抜けないようにしながら、手作業で前記バネ８の張力に抗して、係止レバー５を下方にずらしてレバー支軸４を前記円孔６ａに位置させ、更に、この係止レバー５を鈎先側に回転させてから、鈎先部３の先端を係止ピン５ｃよりも高く振り上げ、この後、図６の側面図に示すように、係止レバー５を鈎元側に回転させ、係止レバー５の係合ピン５ｃを係合凹部９の下方に位置させてから、鈎先部３を手放し、更にこの後、係止レバー５をレバー支軸４が長孔６ｂに入るまで手で持ち上げてから係止レバー５を手放すという手順で行われる。
【００３１】
このような手順で玉掛けをすると、図７の側面図に示すように、係止レバー５はバネ８に付勢されて待機位置に保持され、自重で下方に回転しようとする鈎先部３の係合凹部９が係合ピン５ｃに受止められる状態になる。
【００３２】
この後に吊り荷が吊り上げられ、吊り荷の重量が鈎先部３に作用しない限り、係止レバー５はバネ８に付勢されて待機位置に保持され、レバー支軸４が長孔６ｂに位置することにより係止レバー５の回転が禁じられるので、係止レバー５が鈎先側に回転し、鈎先部３が係止レバー５から外れるおそれはなく、従って、玉掛けされた吊り荷側のロープ１０などが不意にこの自動玉外しフックから外れるおそれはない。
【００３３】
この後、吊り荷側のロープ１０が係合されたフックを上昇させると、吊り荷の重量が鈎先部３に作用して、鈎先部３及び係止レバー５が下方に引き下げられ、図１に示すように、レバー支軸４が回転できる円孔６ａに位置するが、吊り荷の重量が鈎先部３に作用しているので、係止レバー５は係止ピン５ｃが鈎先部３の係止凹部９の最深部に位置する玉掛け位置に自動的に位置調整される。
【００３４】
ところで、搬送中に何らかの理由でこの自動玉はずしフック或いは吊り荷が振動すると、瞬間的に吊り荷の重量が解除され、鈎先部３が玉掛け位置から上方に回転できるようになり、バネ８の付勢力によって係止ピン５ｃが係合凹部９の最深部から鈎先方向に移動することがある。
【００３５】
しかし、係止ピン５ｃが係合凹部９の鈎先側端部に位置する臨界位置（図８に示す。）を鈎先側に乗り越えない限り、吊り荷の荷重が回復すると同時に係合凹部９の自動位置調整作用により係止ピン５ｃが係合凹部９の最深部に復帰するので、係止ピン５ｃの移動の累積によって係止レバー５と鈎先部３との係合が解除されることはなく、従って、吊り荷側のロープ１０がこの自動玉外しフックから外れることはない。
【００３６】
搬送先まで吊り荷を搬送し、地面に下ろすと、鈎先部３に作用する吊り荷の重量は次第に減少し、吊り荷側のロープ１０に緩みが生じる直前に解消される。この後、更にフックを下げ、吊り荷用のロープ１０に緩みが生じ始めると、鈎先部３が上方に回転することができるようになり、バネ８の力で係止ピン５ｃが鈎先部３を押し上げながら鈎先方向に回転できるようになる。
【００３７】
やがて係止ピン５ｃが図８に示す臨界位置を鈎先側に超えると、係止ピン５ｃを位置決めする係止凹部９の機能が働かなくなり、係止レバー５がほとんど抵抗を受けずに鈎先側に回転して鈎先部３と係止レバー５の係合が解除される。
【００３８】
この鈎先部３と係止レバー５の係合が解除されると、鈎先部３が自重で図４に示すように垂れ下がり、主軸１、鈎先部３及び係止レバー５に囲まれる空間から吊り荷側のロープ１０が自重で落下する。
【００３９】
即ち、荷下ろしの時に吊り荷側のロープ１０が十分に緩むまでこの自動玉外しフックを下降させると、バネ８の力で係止レバー５が鈎先側に回転して鈎先部３から外れ、これにより鈎先部３が下方に垂れ下がって吊り荷側のロープ１０が下方に落下するという要領で自動的に玉外しが行われるのである。
【００４０】
ところで、図１ないし図８及び図９の側面図に示すように、前記主軸１の上部には、揚上機側のロープ１１を挿通する挿通孔１２が形成され、この挿通孔１１に挿通された揚上機のロープ１１の先端部にアイ１３を形成することにより、このロープ１１が挿通孔１２から抜け出さないようにしてある。
【００４１】
吊り荷１４は、図９に示すように、例えば畚（もっこ）１５に入れ、畚１５の四隅を前記鈎先部３に掛けたり、図１０の側面図に示すように、ロープ１１の先端部を所定の長さにわたって引出し、この先端部を吊り荷１４を抱くように吊り荷１１に巻き付け、先端のアイ１３を鈎先部３に掛けたりしてこの自動玉外しフックに吊り下げられる。
【００４２】
なお、この主軸１の上部には、前記挿通孔１２と別の挿通孔１６が形成され、この挿通孔１６には揚上機側のロープ１１を同様の手法で挿通したり、揚上機側のロープ１１と主軸１とを連結するボルト、ピン、リベットなどを挿通したりする。
【００４３】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明の自動玉外しフックは、縦長の主軸と、該主軸の下端部に鈎先支軸を介して水平軸心回りに回転可能に片持ち支持された鈎先部と、上端部がレバー支軸を介して前記主軸の上部に水平軸心回りに回転可能に支持され、下端部が水平の玉掛け位置に位置する鈎先部に係脱される係止レバーと、この係止レバーを鈎先部の鈎先方向に付勢するバネとを備えるので、鈎先部に吊り荷側のロープなどを掛けてから係止レバーを鈎先部に係合することにより、吊り荷を吊り上げることができる。そして、荷下ろし時には吊り荷の重量が解除されると、バネの力で自動的に係止レバーと鈎先部の係合が解除されるので、自動的に玉外しができる。
【００４４】
しかも、本発明では、前記鈎先部に係止レバーの下端部の位置を所定の範囲内で自動調整して係合する係合凹部が形成されるので、搬送中に何らかの原因により揚上機や吊り荷から振動が伝達されて、瞬間的に吊り荷荷重が解除され、係止レバーが鈎先側に移動することがあっても、所定の範囲内であれば、吊り荷荷重が回復した時に係止レバーの位置が所定の位置に調整されるので、係止レバーの鈎先側への移動が累積して鈎先部と係止レバーとの係合が解除されるおそれがなくなり、搬送中に吊り荷が落下するおそれがなくなり、安全性を高めることができる。
【００４５】
その上、本発明は、主軸と、係合凹部を有する鈎先部とに分割形成し、これらを鈎先支軸で連結し、主軸の上部にレバー支軸を介して係止レバーを連結し、この係止レバーを付勢するバネを設ければよいので、構成が簡単で、安価に実施できるのである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の側面図である。
【図２】図１の背面図である。
【図３】図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【図４】非荷扱時の本発明の側面図である。
【図５】玉掛け作業の要領を示す本発明の側面図である。
【図６】玉掛け作業の要領を示す本発明の側面図である。
【図７】玉掛け作業の要領を示す本発明の側面図である。
【図８】玉掛け作業の要領を示す本発明の側面図である。
【図９】本発明の装着例を示す側面図である。
【図１０】本発明の装着例を示す側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１主軸
２鈎先支軸
３鈎先部
４レバー支軸
５係止レバー
６回転制御孔
６ａ円孔
６ｂ長孔
９係合凹部
１２挿通孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lifting machine hook for lifting a load such as a crane and a hoist, and more particularly, to an automatic ball removal hook that is highly safe during transportation, is simple in configuration, and can be implemented at low cost.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In handling operations using a lifting machine such as a crane or hoist, a hook is often used as a carrying device. In this case, a rope on the lifting side such as a wire rope or an eye plate on the lifting side is used as a hook of the lifting machine. And hooks on the load side must be hung and removed. The work of hanging a wire rope or the like on the hoist of the lifting machine (climbing work) must take into account the stability of the cargo being transported, and therefore, workers with special qualifications are to be engaged.
[0003]
On the other hand, the work to remove the suspended load side rope from the hoisting machine hook (unball removal work) has relatively few safety problems, so it is automatically performed without any manual operation when unloading. Hooks that can be removed are proposed (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 58-157690, 2000-7272, etc.).
[0004]
In these conventional techniques, when the suspended load of the hook is released by unloading, the tension of the spring (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-157690), the weight of the balance weight, the weight of the balance weight, and the torsion spring are attached. By using a force (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-7272) or the like, the hook is rotated so that the wire rope is hung from the hook.
[0005]
For example, according to the hanging tool described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-7272 (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 1), the hook body formed in a substantially C shape on the main body frame is biased toward the tip of the hook. It is supported so as to be rotatable, and temporarily locked to an initial set state in which the tip of the hook is closed with a temporary fixing claw before handling the load, and the rope on the suspended load is hung on the tip of the hook body.
[0006]
After that, when lifting the load, the main body frame and the locking roller supported so as to be able to move up and down are pulled up to overcome the spring made of the coil spring and lifted against the main body frame. At the same time, remove the hook body with the locking roller. This state continues during transportation and until the load is unloaded and touches the ground.
[0007]
After the load is unloaded and touched to the ground, when the rope on the crane side is loosened, the locking roller descends with respect to the main body frame due to the tension of the spring, and the front end surface of the hook body received by the locking roller When the locking roller is removed from the hook body, the hook body is rotated by the weight of the hook body acting in the direction of opening the hook body and the urging force of the spring comprising the torsion coil spring to open the hook of the hook body.
[0008]
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-157090, a spring for urging the hook to the rearward pulling position is interposed, and the hook is pulled down to the front lowering position by the rope for hook operation, and the rope on the load side is used as the hook. The hook is held at the forward pull-down position against the spring by the weight of the load that is hung and lifted, and when the load of the suspended load disappears during unloading, the hook is moved to the rear pull-up position by the urging force of the spring and suspended. A hanging load hook (hereinafter referred to as Conventional Example 2) in which a load-side rope is removed from the hook is described.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In addition to the main body frame, the hook body, the locking roller, the temporary fixing claw and the two springs, the hanging tool of the conventional example 1 is supported by the main body frame so as to be movable up and down, and includes a slide bar which supports the locking roller, a temporary Since the means for positioning the fixing claw at a position away from the front end surface of the hook body is provided, the number of parts is large, and therefore the configuration is complicated and expensive.
[0010]
The conventional example 2 has fewer parts than the conventional example 1, and the structure is simple and inexpensive. However, since the spring is always urged to open the hook, the vibration in the vertical direction during conveyance is When the load on the suspended load side disappears, the hook moves in the opening direction. And if this movement of the hook is accumulated, there is a possibility that the rope on the suspended load side will eventually come off the hook.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve these problems of the prior art and to provide an automatic ball removal hook that is highly safe during conveyance, is simple in construction, and is inexpensive.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, an automatic ball removal hook according to the present invention has a vertically long main shaft and a tip that is cantilevered at the lower end portion of the main shaft via a tip support shaft so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. , A pair of lever plates fixed at both ends of a lever support shaft having a non-circular cross section, a connection pin for connecting intermediate portions of both lever plates, and a member for connecting the lower ends of both lever plates And a locking lever that is rotatably supported about the horizontal axis on the upper part of the main shaft via a lever support shaft, and that engages and disengages the locking pin on the tip portion positioned at the horizontal sling position; A spring hook fixed to the tip end surface of the top end of the main shaft and the connecting pin, and a spring for urging the locking lever in the tip direction of the tip portion, and the lever support shaft are rotatably inserted. A circular hole extending continuously upward from the circular hole, and the locking lever The lever support shaft consists of a vertically long hole that is inserted in a standby position where it is held at a predetermined inclination angle so that it cannot rotate and is slidable. When the lever support shaft is lifted until it enters the long hole, the lock lever is held in the standby position, and the rotation control hole that allows the tip part to receive the engagement pin, and the rope on the suspended load side after the sling operation When the toe part engaged with is lifted, the toe part and the locking lever are pulled down, the position of the locking pin of the locking lever is adjusted to the deepest part, and the load Even when the weight is released and the locking pin moves in the tip direction from the deepest part by the biasing force of the spring, the locking pin does not get over the critical position located at the tip side of the tip side As long as the weight of the suspended load recovers, the locking pin Is returned to the deepest, adopt the technical means that comprises an engaging recess formed in Kagisaki portion.
[0013]
According to this, the rope on the hanging load side or the like is engaged with the tip portion hanging downward, and the lock lever is rotated in a state where the tip of the tip is swung up higher than the sling position, By moving the lower end of the locking lever downward, and engaging the lower end of the locking lever with the engaging recess and automatically adjusting the position of the lower end of the locking lever, the suspended load side rope And the like are passed through a space surrounded by the main shaft, the tip portion and the locking lever.
[0014]
When the load of the suspended load received by the tip part is momentarily released due to vibration during conveyance, the tip part is constantly urged in a direction to rotate upward from the slinging position by a spring via a locking lever. However, as long as there is no looseness in the rope on the suspended load, the rope on the suspended load side is restrained and does not move upward from the slinging position.
[0015]
When the vibration is large enough to cause looseness on the rope or the like on the suspended load side, the toe portion rotates above the slinging position until the looseness on the rope or the like on the suspended load side disappears. The locking lever that urges the lever rotates in the tip direction. However, unless the rotation of the locking lever is greater than a predetermined range, for example, the lower end of the locking lever is not larger than the degree that the locking lever is detached from the engaging recess, the engaging recess automatically adjusts the position of the locking lever. At the same time that the load on the suspended load recovers, the position of the locking lever is adjusted to a predetermined position, for example, the deepest part of the engaging recess, and the state where the locking lever and the tip of the hook are engaged is maintained. It is possible to eliminate the risk of the suspended load falling off the hook and dropping the suspended load.
[0016]
The range in which the automatic position adjustment function of the engaging recess is effective against vibration during conveyance is determined by the length of the engaging recess from the deepest portion in the tip portion axial direction to the tip direction, the longer this is. Automatic position adjustment is possible over a wide range, and the depth of the engagement recess is related to the magnitude of vibration that ensures the automatic position adjustment function. The deeper this depth, the more the engagement pin moves in the engagement recess. It is possible to increase the magnitude of vibration that can be guaranteed.
[0017]
When the suspended load is grounded at the time of unloading and the load of the suspended load acting on the tip of the tip is canceled, the tip of the tip is restrained by a rope on the side of the load, and the hook is further lowered. When the restraint is relaxed, the position where the engagement recess is disengaged from the engagement pin engaged with the hooked portion upward from the slinging position, although the tip portion is restrained by the rope on the suspended load side Thus, it can be rotated.
[0018]
Since the locking lever is always urged in the tip direction by a spring, when the restraint by the suspended load side rope against the upward movement of the tip part is released, the force of the spring causes the tip direction The lower end portion of the locking lever is detached from the engagement recess and further from the tip of the tip portion while rotating the tip portion upward from the slinging position.
[0019]
When the lower end of the locking lever is disengaged from the tip of the hook, the tip of the tip that is cantilevered by the spindle hangs down under its own weight, and the rope on the suspended load side that is automatically supported by this tip Falls under its own weight and is removed.
[0020]
In addition, this automatic ball removal hook is divided into a main shaft and a tip portion having an engagement recess, and these are connected by a tip support shaft, and a locking lever is connected to the upper portion of the main shaft via a lever support shaft. Since it is only necessary to provide a spring that connects and urges the locking lever, the configuration is simple and can be implemented at low cost.
[0021]
In the present invention, the lever support shaft may be simply rotatably supported by the main shaft, but the cross-sectional shape of the lever support shaft may be a non-circular shape such as an oval shape, a chordal shape, an oval shape, a trapezoidal shape, a parallelogram shape, etc. The main shaft is formed with a circular hole through which the lever support shaft is rotatably inserted, and extends upward continuously from the circular hole so that the lever support shaft is non-rotatable and slidable. By forming a rotation control hole consisting of a vertically long slot to be inserted, the hook lever is positioned at a position where the lever support shaft enters the long hole until the suspended load is lifted after staking, This is advantageous because it is possible to prevent the load-side rope or the like from being detached from the hook during the period from when the ball is hung to when it is hung up to when it is lifted.
[0022]
Further, in the present invention, the structure for supporting the main shaft suspended from the lifting machine is not particularly limited. For example, the rope on the lifting machine side is connected to the upper portion of the main shaft by pinning, bolting, nailing, riveting, etc. Or by drilling an insertion hole through which the rope on the lifting machine side is inserted at the top of the main shaft, the rope on the lifting machine side is inserted into this insertion hole and the tip of this rope is tied or the tip of this rope is Fix the block to prevent the rope on the lifting machine side from coming out of this insertion hole, or hang the eye formed on the tip of the rope on the lifting machine side that is inserted through this insertion hole on the tip be able to. And when hanging the tip of the rope on the lifting machine side inserted through the insertion hole on the tip of the rope, hold the suspended load between the rope from the insertion hole to the tip of the tip and this automatic sling hook. Can be lifted.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An automatic ball removal hook according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as follows.
[0024]
In the drawings, FIG. 1 is a side view of an automatic ball removal hook according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a rear view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
[0025]
The automatic ball removal hook includes a main shaft 1, a heel portion 3 that is rotatably supported by a lower end portion 1 a of the main shaft 1 via a heel support shaft 2, and an upper end portion on the upper portion of the main shaft 1. And a locking lever 5 supported via the lever support shaft 4.
[0026]
The lever support shaft 4 has a non-circular cross-section, for example, an oval shape. The main shaft 1 has a circular hole 6a through which the lever support shaft 4 is rotatably inserted, and an upper portion continuous with the circular hole 6a. A rotation control hole 6 is formed which includes a vertically long hole 6b through which the lever support shaft 4 is non-rotatable and slidably inserted.
[0027]
The locking lever 5 connects a pair of lever plates 5a fixed to both ends of the lever support shaft 4, a connecting pin 5b for connecting intermediate portions of both lever plates 6a, and lower ends of both lever plates 5a. The latch pin 5c is provided, and is urged upward by a spring hook 7 fixed to the tip side end surface 1b of the upper portion of the main shaft 1 and a spring 8 attached over the connecting pin 5b.
[0028]
As shown in the side view of FIG. 4, when the load is not handled (when not handling), the tip 3 is suspended downward, and the latch lever 5 is moved by the urging force of the spring 8. It is pulled up to a position where it enters the long hole 6b and is positioned at a standby position where it is held at a predetermined inclination angle regulated by the long hole 6b.
[0029]
When the locking lever 5 is positioned at the standby position, the tip portion 3 is prevented from rotating above the position received by the lower peripheral surface of the locking pin 5c.
[0030]
For example, as shown in the side view of FIG. 5, the slinging work is performed by hanging the rope 10 on the load side on the tip part 3 and preventing the rope 10 on the load side from coming off the tip part 3. By manually resisting the tension of the spring 8, the latch lever 5 is shifted downward to position the lever support shaft 4 in the circular hole 6a, and further, the latch lever 5 is rotated to the tip side. Then, the tip of the heel part 3 is swung up higher than the locking pin 5c, and thereafter, as shown in the side view of FIG. After the pin 5c is positioned below the engaging recess 9, the tip 3 is released, and then the locking lever 5 is lifted by hand until the lever support shaft 4 enters the long hole 6b, and then the locking lever. The procedure is to let go of 5.
[0031]
When the sling is performed in such a procedure, as shown in the side view of FIG. 7, the locking lever 5 is urged by the spring 8 and held in the standby position, and the tip 3 of the tip 3 that tries to rotate downward under its own weight. The engaging recess 9 is received by the engaging pin 5c.
[0032]
After this, unless the suspended load is lifted and the weight of the suspended load acts on the tip portion 3, the locking lever 5 is urged by the spring 8 and held in the standby position, and the lever support shaft 4 is positioned in the long hole 6b. Thus, the rotation of the locking lever 5 is prohibited, so that the locking lever 5 rotates to the tip side, and there is no possibility that the tip part 3 is detached from the locking lever 5. There is no risk that the rope 10 or the like will unexpectedly come off the automatic ball removal hook.
[0033]
Thereafter, when the hook engaged with the rope 10 on the suspended load side is raised, the weight of the suspended load acts on the tip portion 3, and the tip portion 3 and the locking lever 5 are pulled downward, As shown in FIG. 1, the lever support shaft 4 is located in a circular hole 6a through which the lever support shaft 4 can rotate. However, since the weight of the suspended load acts on the tip portion 3, the locking pin 5c of the locking lever 5 has a tip portion. The position is automatically adjusted to the sling position located at the deepest part of the three locking recesses 9.
[0034]
By the way, if this automatic ball removal hook or suspended load vibrates for some reason during transportation, the weight of the suspended load is released instantaneously, and the tip part 3 can be rotated upward from the slinging position. The locking pin 5c may move in the tip direction from the deepest part of the engaging recess 9 by the urging force.
[0035]
However, as long as the locking pin 5c does not get over the tip end side of the engagement recess 9 at the tip end side (shown in FIG. 8), the load of the suspended load is recovered and at the same time the engagement recess 9 Since the locking pin 5c is returned to the deepest portion of the engaging recess 9 by the automatic position adjusting action, the engagement between the locking lever 5 and the tip portion 3 is released by the accumulation of movement of the locking pin 5c. Therefore, the rope 10 on the suspended load side does not come off from this automatic ball removal hook.
[0036]
When the suspended load is transported to the transport destination and lowered to the ground, the weight of the suspended load acting on the tip portion 3 gradually decreases, and is eliminated immediately before the rope 10 on the suspended load side is loosened. After this, when the hook is further lowered and the loose rope 10 starts to loosen, the tip portion 3 can be rotated upward, and the locking pin 5c is moved to the tip portion by the force of the spring 8. It can be rotated in the tip direction while pushing 3 up.
[0037]
When the locking pin 5c eventually exceeds the critical position shown in FIG. 8 toward the tip side, the function of the locking recess 9 for positioning the locking pin 5c does not work, and the locking lever 5 receives almost no resistance and the tip The engagement between the heel part 3 and the locking lever 5 is released.
[0038]
When the engagement between the tip part 3 and the locking lever 5 is released, the tip part 3 hangs down by its own weight as shown in FIG. 4 and is surrounded by the main shaft 1, the tip part 3 and the locking lever 5. The suspended load-side rope 10 falls by its own weight.
[0039]
That is, when the automatic ball release hook is lowered until the suspended load side rope 10 is sufficiently loosened when unloading, the locking lever 5 is rotated to the tip side by the force of the spring 8 and is released from the tip portion 3. As a result, the tip part 3 hangs downward, and the rope 10 on the suspended load side drops downward, and the ball is automatically removed.
[0040]
By the way, as shown in the side views of FIGS. 1 to 8 and 9, an insertion hole 12 through which the rope 11 on the lifting machine side is inserted is formed in the upper portion of the main shaft 1, and the insertion hole 11 is inserted through the insertion hole 11. By forming an eye 13 at the tip of the rope 11 of the lifting machine, the rope 11 is prevented from coming out of the insertion hole 12.
[0041]
As shown in FIG. 9, the suspended load 14 is put in, for example, a hook 15, and the four corners of the hook 15 are hung on the tip 3, or the tip of the rope 11 is shown in the side view of FIG. 10. The portion is pulled out over a predetermined length, and the tip is wound around the suspended load 11 so as to hold the suspended load 14, and the eye 13 at the tip is hung on the tip 3 to be hung on the automatic ball removal hook.
[0042]
In addition, an insertion hole 16 different from the insertion hole 12 is formed in the upper part of the main shaft 1, and the rope 11 on the lifting machine side is inserted into the insertion hole 16 in the same manner, or the lifting machine side Bolts, pins, rivets and the like that connect the rope 11 and the main shaft 1 are inserted.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the automatic ball removal hook of the present invention has a vertically long main shaft and a tip portion that is cantilevered at the lower end portion of the main shaft via a tip support shaft so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis. And a locking lever that is supported at the upper end of the main shaft via a lever support shaft so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis, and the lower end is engaged with and disengaged from a tip portion positioned at a horizontal slinging position; Since this spring is provided with a spring that urges the locking lever in the tip direction of the tip portion, by hooking the rope on the load side to the tip portion and engaging the locking lever with the tip portion, A suspended load can be lifted. When the weight of the suspended load is released at the time of unloading, the engagement between the locking lever and the tip portion is automatically released by the force of the spring, so that the ball can be automatically removed.
[0044]
In addition, in the present invention, the engagement recess that automatically adjusts and engages the position of the lower end of the locking lever within a predetermined range is formed in the tip portion, so that the lifting machine is caused for some reason during conveyance. Even if the suspension load is released momentarily and the locking lever moves to the tip side, the suspension load is recovered within the specified range. Since the position of the locking lever is sometimes adjusted to a predetermined position, there is no possibility that the movement of the locking lever to the tip side accumulates and the engagement between the tip portion and the locking lever is released, and the conveyance There is no risk of the suspended load falling inside, and safety can be improved.
[0045]
In addition, the present invention divides and forms a main shaft and a tip portion having an engaging recess, which are connected by a tip support shaft, and a locking lever is connected to the upper portion of the main shaft via a lever support shaft. Since it is sufficient to provide a spring for urging the locking lever, the configuration is simple and can be implemented at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention.
2 is a rear view of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the present invention when not handling.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the present invention showing the point of the slinging operation.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the present invention showing the point of the slinging operation.
FIG. 7 is a side view of the present invention showing the point of the slinging operation.
FIG. 8 is a side view of the present invention showing the point of the slinging operation.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing a mounting example of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing a mounting example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main shaft 2 Tip support shaft 3 Tip part 4 Lever support shaft 5 Locking lever 6 Rotation control hole 6a Circular hole 6b Long hole 9 Engaging recess 12 Insertion hole

Claims

A vertical spindle,
A tip portion that is cantilevered so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis through a tip support shaft at the lower end portion of the main shaft;
A pair of lever plates fixed to both ends of a lever support shaft having a non-circular cross section, a connection pin for connecting intermediate portions of both lever plates, and a locking pin for connecting lower end portions of both lever plates provided, is rotatably supported on the horizontal axis around the top of the main shaft via a lever shaft, a locking lever for engaging and disengaging the locking pin Kagisaki portion positioned horizontally slinging position,
A spring hooked on the tip end side end surface of the upper part of the main shaft and the connecting pin, and a spring for urging the locking lever in the tip direction of the tip portion;
A circular hole through which the lever support shaft is rotatably inserted, and the lever support shaft is made non-rotatable at a standby position where the lock lever is held at a predetermined inclination angle. When the lever support shaft is lifted until it enters the long hole after the slinging and until the suspended load is lifted, the locking lever is moved to the standby position. A rotation control hole for holding the hook part to receive the engagement pin;
After the staking operation, when the tip part engaged with the rope on the suspended load is raised, the tip part and the locking lever are pulled down, and the locking pin of the locking lever is adjusted to the deepest part. In addition, even when the weight of the suspended load is released momentarily and the locking pin moves from the deepest portion toward the tip by the biasing force of the spring, the locking pin is located at the tip side end. As long as the critical position is not overcome on the tip side, the engagement concave portion formed on the tip portion returns the locking pin to the deepest portion at the same time that the weight of the suspended load is recovered ,
Automatic ball off hook, characterized in that it comprises a.

A vertical spindle,
A tip portion that is cantilevered so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis through a tip support shaft at the lower end portion of the main shaft;
A pair of lever plates fixed to both ends of a lever support shaft having a non-circular cross section, a connection pin for connecting intermediate portions of both lever plates, and a locking pin for connecting lower end portions of both lever plates A locking lever that is rotatably supported around a horizontal axis center on the upper part of the main shaft via a lever support shaft, and that engages and disengages the locking pin at a tip portion positioned at a horizontal slinging position;
A spring hooked on the tip end side end surface of the upper part of the main shaft and the connecting pin, and a spring for urging the locking lever in the tip direction of the tip portion;
A circular hole through which the lever support shaft is rotatably inserted, and the lever support shaft is made non-rotatable at a standby position where the lock lever is held at a predetermined inclination angle. When the lever support shaft is lifted until it enters the long hole after the slinging and until the suspended load is lifted, the locking lever is moved to the standby position. A rotation control hole for holding the hook part to receive the engagement pin;
After the staking operation, when the tip part engaged with the rope on the suspended load is raised, the tip part and the locking lever are pulled down, and the locking pin of the locking lever is adjusted to the deepest part. In addition, even when the weight of the suspended load is released momentarily and the locking pin moves from the deepest portion toward the tip by the biasing force of the spring, the locking pin is located at the tip side end. As long as the critical position is not overcome on the tip side, the engagement concave portion formed on the tip portion returns the locking pin to the deepest portion at the same time that the weight of the suspended load is recovered,
With
An insertion hole through which the rope on the lifting machine side is inserted is formed at the upper end of the main shaft, and an eye that is hung on the tip of the rope is formed at the tip of the rope on the lifting machine side that is inserted through the insertion hole, Automatic ball removal hook that prevents the rope from coming out of the insertion hole .