JP4469936B2 - Solar radiation adjustment body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar radiation adjusting body that blocks and diffuses solar radiation.

In general, when solar radiation penetrates the window glass and enters the room, indoor residents feel dazzled by the solar radiation, and the indoors are heated by the solar radiation, resulting in a poor thermal environment, such as cooling load on the building (Hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as “interior indoor environment”). In order to solve these problems, there is known an autonomous light control glass in which a material that becomes white turbid / transparent according to temperature (hereinafter referred to as “white turbid / transparent change material”) is enclosed while being sandwiched between glasses. ing. For this material, for example, gel is used, and the temperature rises by the solar radiation absorption heat of the glass that is a component of the window, and since it has the property of becoming cloudy depending on the amount of solar radiation, Prevent glare to the person and make the thermal environment comfortable. As a result, there is an effect that the cooling load in the building is reduced.
However, the white turbidity / transparency change material is affected not only by solar radiation but also by indoor and outdoor temperatures, airflow, radiation, etc., so when the indoor resident wants to improve the indoor poor environment and when the white turbidity / transparency change material becomes cloudy May not match. For example, in winter, the temperature of the window glass does not rise to the temperature at which the cloudiness / transparency change material becomes cloudy because the outside temperature is low, although the indoor resident feels dazzling. May penetrate into the room through the window glass.
Therefore, an autonomous light control glass is proposed in which a heating device that generates heat by energization and heats the cloudy / transparent change material is provided on the outer surface of the glass sandwiching the cloudiness / transparency change material (for example, Patent Document 1).
When the indoor resident wants to improve the indoor environment, the autonomous dimming glass with a heating device is used to heat the white turbidity / transparency change material with the heating device and make it white turbid by the operation of the indoor resident. Improvements have been made to the indoor environment.
JP 2000-155345 A (paragraphs 0008 to 0013, FIG. 2)

  However, when the white turbidity / transparency changing material is heated by the heating device, the amount of electricity consumed by the heating is large, so that there is a problem that the electric cost for indoor residents increases.

  Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-described problems, to reduce an electric cost, and to provide a solar radiation adjusting body that shields components having strong directivity of solar radiation and transmits them as diffused light.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the first light transmission layer formed of the first transparent plate member and the second transparent plate member arranged to face each other. A light-shielding diffusion layer formed of a material whose transmittance varies with temperature between the second light-transmitting layer formed of a transparent plate member, and a third transparent plate member in contact with the light-shielding diffusion layer A third light-transmitting layer formed by: and a solar absorptivity adjusting layer that is in contact with the third light-transmitting layer and changes the transmittance by changing the voltage application state to absorb the heat of solar radiation. The solar radiation adjusting body is characterized in that the light shielding diffusion layer is warmed by heat absorbed by the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer.

  In this manner, the temperature is between the first light transmission layer formed by the first transparent plate member and the second light transmission layer formed by the second transparent plate member arranged to face each other. A light-shielding diffusion layer formed of a material whose transmittance changes in response to this, and absorbs heat of solar radiation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “sunlight heat”) by changing the transmittance by changing the voltage application state. A third light transmission layer formed of a transparent plate member through which the solar radiation is transmitted is provided between the solar light absorption rate adjustment layer and the heat absorbed by the solar light absorption rate adjustment layer passes through the third light transmission layer. Thus, the light shielding diffusion layer can be heated. As a result, the transmittance of the light-shielding diffusion layer is lowered, and as a result, a component having strong directivity of solar radiation can be transmitted as the shielded diffused light.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, and is formed of a fourth transparent plate member facing the first light transmission layer or the second light transmission layer. A fourth light transmission layer, and an air layer is provided between the fourth light transmission layer and the first light transmission layer or the second light transmission layer. Is the body.

  Thus, unnecessary by providing an air layer between the first light transmission layer or the second light transmission layer and the fourth light transmission layer formed by the fourth transparent plate member. In addition, the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer can be prevented from being cooled or warmed.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the solar radiation adjuster according to claim 1, wherein the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer is made of a liquid crystal material.

  An invention according to claim 4 is the solar radiation adjusting body according to claim 1, wherein the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer is made of an electrochromic material.

  In this way, by using a liquid crystal material or an electrochromic material for the solar radiation absorptivity adjusting layer, the liquid crystal material or the electrochromic material absorbs solar heat when voltage is applied to the liquid crystal material or electrochromic material or not. Can be easier.

  According to such a solar radiation adjusting body, since the solar radiation absorptivity adjusting layer absorbs the heat of solar radiation, the light-shielding diffusion layer can be warmed only by solar heat. Further, the provision of the air layer can prevent the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer from being unnecessarily cooled or warmed. In addition, the use of a liquid crystal material or an electrochromic material can reduce the cost of electricity for heating the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer with the heat of solar radiation. Furthermore, when the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer becomes cloudy, a component having strong directivity of solar radiation can be transmitted as shielded diffuse light.

A best mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiment”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
In each embodiment, the side into which solar radiation is inserted is referred to as “outside”, and the side through which solar radiation is transmitted is referred to as “inside”. Further, the air layer will be described with respect to a state in which the fourth transparent plate member is disposed facing the first transparent plate member. The fourth transparent plate member is a second transparent plate member. It may be arranged face to face.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The solar radiation adjusting body 1 of the present invention is mainly used for a window of a building. When solar radiation is inserted into a window provided with the solar radiation adjusting body 1, the temperature in the building is changed by the heat of solar radiation (sun heat). In order to prevent the occupants from rising, or to prevent the residents in the building from feeling dazzling due to solar radiation, a component with high directivity of the solar radiation to be inserted is blocked and transmitted as diffused light.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the solar radiation adjusting body 1 is formed by the fourth light transmission layer, the air layer 23, and the first transparent plate member 11 formed by the fourth transparent plate member 14 in order from the outside. A first light transmission layer, a solar absorptance adjustment layer formed by the liquid crystal material 21, a third light transmission layer formed by the third transparent plate member 13, a light-shielding diffusion layer formed by the white turbidity / transparency change material 22, A second light transmission layer formed by the second transparent plate member 12 is laminated.

The first transparent plate member 11 is made of a member that transmits light, for example, transparent glass, and can transmit light as it is even if it is inserted. The same applies to the second transparent plate member 12, the third transparent plate member 13, and the fourth transparent plate member 14.
The second transparent plate member 12 is disposed so as to face the first transparent plate member 11. The third transparent plate member 13 is disposed between the first transparent plate member 11 and the second transparent plate member 12, and the fourth transparent plate member 14 is disposed outside the first transparent plate member 11. It is arranged so as to face the face.

The liquid crystal material 21 plays a role of absorbing solar heat.
As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal material 21 is provided between the first transparent plate member 11 and the third transparent plate member 13, and is transparent when a predetermined voltage is applied. By changing, the transmittance of solar radiation changes and can block the solar radiation. If the solar radiation is blocked in this way, the liquid crystal material 21 can absorb the heat of solar radiation.
The liquid crystal material 21 is connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode by a lead wire from an external power source (not shown) so that a voltage can be applied.
When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal material 21, the voltage may be applied by artificial switching (not shown) or may not be applied by artificial switching.

The white turbidity / transparency changing material 22 can use, for example, a hydrogel whose transmittance changes according to the temperature, and is transparent with high solar radiation transmittance in a state lower than a predetermined temperature, but the temperature is low. When the state becomes higher than the predetermined temperature, the transmittance of solar radiation changes and becomes cloudy.
As shown in FIG. 1, the white turbidity / transparency change material 22 is provided between the second transparent plate member 12 and the third transparent plate member 13, and the liquid crystal material is interposed via the third transparent plate member 13. 21 is warmed by the absorbed heat, and becomes cloudy when exceeding a predetermined temperature.

Therefore, when the cloudiness / transparency changing material 22 is not at a predetermined temperature, the solar radiation is the fourth transparent plate member (fourth light transmission layer) 14, the air layer 23, the first transparent plate member (first Light transmissive layer 11, liquid crystal material (solar absorption rate adjusting layer) 21, third transparent plate member (third light transmissive layer) 13, white turbidity / transparent change material (light-shielding diffusion layer) 22, second transparent plate The light is transmitted in the order of the member (second light transmission layer) 12.
At this time, when the voltage application state of the liquid crystal material 21 is changed by artificially switching, the transmittance of the liquid crystal material 21 is changed (decreased) to block the solar radiation, so that the solar radiation is the fourth transparent plate member (fourth). Light transmission layer) 14, air layer 23, first transparent plate member (first light transmission layer) 11, and light shielding by liquid crystal material (solar absorption rate adjusting layer) 21. Then, the liquid crystal material (solar absorption rate adjusting layer) 21 absorbs the heat of solar radiation.
The absorbed heat warms the cloudiness / transparency changing material (light-shielding diffusion layer) 22 through the third transparent plate member (third light transmission layer) 13. Thereby, the white turbidity / transparency changing material (light-shielding diffusion layer) 22 is heated to a predetermined temperature, changes from a transparent state to a white turbid state, and becomes a light-shielding state. In this state, when the voltage application state of the liquid crystal material (solar absorption rate adjusting layer) 21 is changed by artificial switching, the solar radiation is changed between the liquid crystal material (solar absorption rate adjusting layer) 21 and the third transparent plate member (first layer). The third light transmission layer) 13 but is blocked by the white turbidity / transparency changing material (light-shielding diffusion layer) 22. The white turbidity / transparency changing material (light-shielding diffusion layer) 22 is further warmed by solar radiation and maintains a white turbid state. That is, once the cloudiness / transparency changing material 22 becomes cloudy, the cloudiness / transparency changing material 22 absorbs the heat of solar radiation and continues to become cloudy.

  Thereby, the cloudiness / transparency changing material (light-shielding diffusion layer) 22 is clouded only by the heat of solar radiation, so that a component with strong directivity of solar radiation can be shielded and transmitted as diffused light with a small amount of power.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the solar radiation adjusting body 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer is composed of an electrochromic material 21A.
In the electrochromic material 21A, when the voltage application state is changed as in the liquid crystal material 21, the transmittance of solar radiation is changed so that the solar radiation can be blocked. Further, when the solar radiation is blocked in this way, the electrochromic material 21 can absorb the heat of solar radiation.
Thus, even if the solar absorptivity adjusting layer is composed of the electrochromic material 21A, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
In the solar radiation adjusting body 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal material 21 is provided between the second transparent plate member 12 and the third transparent plate member 13, and is cloudy. / Transparent change material 22 is different from the first embodiment in that it is provided between the first transparent plate member 11 and the third transparent plate member 13.
Even if comprised in this way, the solar radiation warms the liquid crystal material 21 while transmitting the cloudiness / transparent change material 22, the liquid crystal material 21 stores the heat, and the stored heat passes through the third transparent plate member 13. The cloudiness / transparency changing material 22 is heated.
As a result, the white turbidity / transparency changing material 22 can change from a transparent state to a white turbid state so as to shield a component with strong directivity of solar radiation and transmit it as diffused light. The same effect as in the first embodiment Play.
In addition, even if it uses electrochromic material 21A (refer FIG. 2) instead of the liquid crystal material 21, there exists an effect similar to 1st embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the solar radiation adjusting body 4 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention does not include the fourth transparent plate member 14 and the air layer 23, and includes the first transparent plate member 11 and the second transparent plate member 11. A third transparent plate member 13 is arranged between the transparent plate member 12 and a liquid crystal material 21 is provided between the first transparent plate member 11 and the third transparent plate member 13, and the cloudiness / transparency changing material 22 differs from the first embodiment in that 22 is provided between the second transparent plate member 12 and the third transparent plate member 13.
Even in this configuration, the cloudiness / transparency changing material (light-shielding diffusion layer) 22 is clouded only by the heat of solar radiation, so that a component with strong directivity of solar radiation can be shielded and transmitted as diffused light with less power. .
In the present embodiment, even when the electrochromic material 21A (see FIG. 2) is used in place of the liquid crystal material 21, the same effect as that obtained when the liquid crystal material 21 is used can be obtained.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the voltage application state of the liquid crystal material 21 or the electrochromic material 21A is changed by artificial switching. However, this switching may be automatically performed. For example, if a temperature sensor is provided on the inner surface of the first transparent plate member (first light transmission layer) 11 and the temperature sensor detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the liquid crystal material 21 or electrochromic The material 21A may be in a predetermined voltage application state, and the voltage application state may be changed to the liquid crystal material 21 or the electrochromic material 21A when the temperature sensor detects a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature. In this way, regardless of the temperature of the white turbidity / transparency changing material 22, it is possible to shield a component with strong directivity of solar radiation and transmit it as diffuse light.

In each of the above embodiments, the layers arranged in order from the outside may be arranged in order from the inside.
In addition to the building windows, the solar radiation adjusting body of the present invention can also be used for automobile windows (for example, rear windows, rear seat side windows), railway windows (for example, passenger seat windows), ship windows (for example, (Window on the passenger seat side), aircraft window (for example, window on the passenger seat side), etc.

It is a fragmentary sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the solar radiation adjusting body which concerns on 4th embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 3 Solar radiation adjusting body 11 First transparent plate member (first light transmission layer)
12 Second transparent plate member (second light transmission layer)
13 Third transparent plate member (third light transmission layer)
14 Fourth transparent plate member (fourth light transmission layer)
21 Liquid crystal material (solar absorption rate adjustment layer)
21A Electrochromic material (solar absorption rate adjusting layer)
22 White turbidity / transparency change material (light-shielding diffusion layer)
23 Air layer

Claims (4)

Between the first light transmission layer formed by the first transparent plate member and the second light transmission layer formed by the second transparent plate member arranged facing the first transparent plate member In addition,
A light-shielding diffusion layer formed of a material whose transmittance varies with temperature,
A third light transmission layer formed of a third transparent plate member in contact with the light shielding diffusion layer;
A solar absorptivity adjusting layer that is in contact with the third light transmitting layer and changes the transmittance by changing the voltage application state to absorb the heat of solar radiation;
The solar radiation adjusting body characterized in that the light-shielding diffusion layer is warmed by heat absorbed by the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer.   A fourth light transmission layer formed of a fourth transparent plate member is disposed opposite to the first light transmission layer or the second light transmission layer, and the fourth light transmission layer and the first light transmission layer are disposed. The solar radiation adjusting body according to claim 1, wherein an air layer is provided between the light transmission layer or the second light transmission layer.   The solar radiation adjusting body according to claim 1, wherein the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer is made of a liquid crystal material. The solar radiation adjusting body according to claim 1, wherein the solar radiation absorption rate adjusting layer is composed of an electrochromic material.

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