JP4481330B2 - Gas calorie fluctuation suppression device, fuel gas supply equipment, gas turbine equipment and boiler equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device, a fuel gas supply facility, a gas turbine facility, and a boiler facility. More specifically, when the calorific value (also referred to as calorie) of the gas as the fuel of the combustion facility fluctuates, such as low calorie gas, this gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device can suppress this calorific value fluctuation, and this gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device And a gas turbine facility and a boiler facility as a combustion facility provided with the fuel gas supply facility.

In the steelmaking field, for example, when pig iron is produced by the blast furnace method, a furnace top gas (Blast Furnace Gas, hereinafter referred to as BFG) is generated as a by-product gas from the blast furnace. Since the total calorific value of BFG reaches about half of the calorific value of the coke used, BFG is widely used in steelworks to reduce the cost of ironmaking. BFG is generated at 3000 Nm ³ per ton of input coke, and its composition is 10 to 18% by volume of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) (hereinafter simply referred to as%), 22 to 30% of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen ( N ₂ ) is 52 to 60%, hydrogen (H ₂ ) is 0.5 to 4%, and methane (CH ₄ ) is 0.5 to 3%.

Because BFG contains 2 to 10 g / Nm ³ of flue dusts in addition to this, after removal of up to about 0.01 g / Nm ³ in the dust collector so as calorific value 800 kcal / Nm ³ about the fuel gas, a hot air furnace, Used in coke ovens, heating furnaces, boilers, etc. In recent years, gas turbines can also be burned with low calorie gas due to improvements in technology, and the number of cases where power is generated using BFG as a gas turbine fuel is increasing. Here, low calorie gas is defined as a gas whose calorific value is about 12 MJ / Nm ³ or less. As will be described later, the low calorie gas is not limited to blast furnace gas (BFG), and includes various types of gases such as converter gas (LDG) and mixed gas thereof.

  On the other hand, in recent years, new iron-making processes other than the blast furnace method (for example, direct reduction iron methods such as FINEX and COREX) are being developed, and combustion methods that can be applied to the effective use of by-product gases generated from such new processes. Is waiting for development. In any steelmaking process, the characteristics (gas composition and calorie) of the by-product gas generated vary depending on the equipment and operation contents. Even in the same equipment, it changes from time to time according to the characteristics of each raw material and the reaction process. There is no constant.

  Looking at calorie, which is the most important characteristic when using byproduct gas as gas turbine fuel, the upper limit of the allowable fluctuation range of calorie inherent to each gas turbine (for example, about + 10% of the average calorie value) When it exceeds, that is, when the calorie increases rapidly, the combustion temperature in the combustor of the gas turbine may suddenly become an abnormally high temperature. As a result, there is a possibility that the burner portion, the stationary blades and the moving blades of the turbine may be damaged and shorten the life, and in this case, it is difficult to economically operate the gas turbine equipment.

A technique of diluting with nitrogen gas (N ₂ ) in order to suppress the calorie increase of by-product gas is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). However, the sub-case where the caloric value of the product gas is varied, only to dilute the product gas by N _2, sufficiently correspond to suppress this fluctuation in gas turbine specific allowable calorie variance width and allowable calorie fluctuation rate There are cases where it is not possible. This is because when the by-product gas calorie fluctuation is abrupt, the response of the calorie detector may be delayed and timely dilution may not be possible, and a large amount of expensive inert gas must be consumed. This is because it is difficult to ensure this.

Therefore, it is possible to effectively deal with only dilution with N ₂ for BFG characteristic variation of the product gas is not too violent. However, in the direct reduced iron method or the like, since the start and stop are repeated in a small-capacity reactor, the amount of gas generated and the caloric value fluctuate greatly, so that it is difficult to deal with only dilution with N ₂ .
JP 2002-155762 A JP 9-317499 A

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and by suppressing the calorie fluctuation of the fuel gas such as low calorie gas supplied as fuel to the combustion facility, only the heat reduction by the dilution gas of the fuel gas can be achieved. It is easy and effective to increase heat with a heat-increasing gas (medium calorie and high calorie gas mixed to increase the caloric value of fuel gas, hereinafter also referred to as medium / high calorie gas), and , A gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device that can eliminate the need for heat reduction by dilution gas or heat increasing gas, a fuel gas supply facility equipped with the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device, and a gas equipped with the fuel gas supply facility It aims to provide turbine equipment and boiler equipment.

For the above purpose, the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device of the present invention is
A gas mixing device for mixing fuel gas disposed in a fuel gas supply passage for supplying gas as fuel to a combustion facility;
The gas mixing device is formed separately from a gas passage component having a plurality of gas passages, an inlet member for allowing fuel gas to flow into the gas passage component from the fuel gas supply passage, and the inlet member And an outlet member for allowing the fuel gas to flow out from the gas passage component to the fuel gas supply passage, and the gas continuously flowing in from the inlet member includes a plurality of gases in the gas passage component After passing through the passages with a time difference, they join together and can flow out from the outlet member.

  The fuel gas, which is supplied every moment through the fuel gas supply passage, flows into the gas passage constituent member, and is mixed with time difference when it comes out from each of the plurality of gas passages and joins. Therefore, even when the caloric value of the fuel gas is fluctuating, the time difference mixing reduces the width of the caloric fluctuation and relaxes the calorie fluctuation speed. As a result, it becomes easy and effective to adjust the calorie fluctuation of the fuel gas within the allowable fluctuation range of the gas characteristics of the combustion facility by using the dilution gas or the heat increasing gas. In addition, depending on the average caloric value of the fuel gas, it is possible to make it unnecessary to reduce heat or increase heat. Note that the time difference mixing means that the gas flowing into the gas passage constituent member continuously with a time delay is mixed with the gas that has already flowed and stayed.

  The connection to the inlet member is not limited to the upstream side of the fuel gas supply passage, and the connection to the outlet member is not limited to the downstream side of the fuel gas supply passage. For example, as shown in FIG. 22, when a return passage is provided in the fuel gas supply passage and a gas passage constituent member is installed in the return passage, the downstream side of the fuel gas supply passage is connected to the inlet member of the gas passage constituent member, and the upstream It is also possible to employ a configuration in which a means for pressure-feeding fuel gas to the gas passage constituting member is provided in the return passage after the side is connected to the outlet member.

The gas passage constituting member comprises a first container in which a plurality of gas chambers constituting the gas passage are formed.
Form gas inlet and gas outlet in each gas chamber,
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each gas chamber,
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each gas chamber and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
A gas flow rate adjusting device capable of changing the gas flow rate can be provided in each branched portion of the inlet member.

  By making the flow rate of the gas supplied to each gas chamber different, the gas passes through the plurality of gas chambers with a time difference, so that it becomes possible to perform the time difference mixing when the gases merge later.

The gas passage constituting member comprises a first container in which a plurality of gas chambers constituting the gas passage are formed.
Form gas inlet and gas outlet in each gas chamber,
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each gas chamber,
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each gas chamber and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
The plurality of gas chambers may have different volumes.

  By making the volumes of the gas chambers different, the gas passes through the plurality of gas chambers with a time difference, so that the time difference mixing can be performed when the gas that has passed through the gas chambers merges later.

The gas passage component member includes a plurality of second containers constituting the gas passage,
Forming a gas inlet and a gas outlet in each second container,
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each second container,
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each second container and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
A gas flow rate adjusting device capable of changing the gas flow rate can be provided in each branched portion of the inlet member.

The gas passage component member includes a plurality of second containers constituting the gas passage,
Forming a gas inlet and a gas outlet in each second container;
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each second container,
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each second container and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
The plurality of second containers can be configured to have different volumes.

  The plurality of second containers may be bundled together or may be in an independently separated state.

The gas passage constituting member is constituted by a third container provided with a perforated plate in which a plurality of through holes constituting the gas passage are formed.
The inlet member and the outlet member are disposed in a third container;
The perforated plate can be arranged so as to partition the interior of the third container into a space on the inlet member side and a space on the outlet member side.

  Since the gas supplied from the inlet member passes through a large number of through holes having different distances from the inlet member and flows into the space on the outlet member side, the gas is mixed with time in the space on the outlet member side.

  The structure of the third container is not limited. For example, it may be a fixed-shaped container whose volume does not change, or may be an internal volume fluctuation type tank used as a device (gas holder) for monitoring the gas supply-demand balance in a conventional gas turbine facility or the like. The internal volume variation type tank is a tank having an airtightly attached lid member that can move up and down according to the tank internal pressure, and a tank that can maximize the balance effect by positively moving the lid member up and down by a driving device. A tank or the like whose volume can be selected. It can be set as the apparatus which can exhibit the effect which diverts calorie fluctuation of fuel gas by diverting these tanks.

  A plurality of the perforated plates may be arranged at intervals.

  In the perforated plate, the through hole is preferably formed in a range excluding a portion of the perforated plate that intersects the gas flow path central axis of the inlet member toward the inside of the third container and the vicinity thereof. This is because the residence time of the gas flowing into the third container can be extended.

  In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device including the first container or the second container, it is preferable that the gas outlet is formed at a position deviated from an extension line of the central axis of the gas inlet. This is because the residence time of the gas flowing into the first container or the second container can be extended.

  In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device including the first container or the second container, a gas inflow device configured to change an inflow angle of the fuel gas into the gas passage of the gas passage constituent member at a gas inlet. It is preferable to install. This is because the gas inflow direction can be adjusted so that the time difference mixing of the gas is effectively performed inside the first container or the second container.

  In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device including the third container, one of the inlet member and the vicinity of the inlet member in the third container is configured so that the inflow angle of the fuel gas into the third container can be changed. It is preferable to install a gas inflow device. This is because the gas inflow direction can be adjusted so that the time difference mixing of the gas is effectively performed inside the third container.

  In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device provided with the gas inflow device, the gas inflow device can be composed of a variable louver having at least one louver swingably mounted so that the inclination angle can be changed from the outside. .

  In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device provided with the third container, a plurality of the inlet members are provided, and the inlet member for allowing the fuel gas to flow into the third container among the inlet members can be selected and switched. be able to. With such a configuration, it is possible to select an inlet member in which effective gas mixing is performed.

  In such a gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device, a plurality of the outlet members may be arranged so that the outlet member that allows the fuel gas to flow out of the third container can be selected and switched in synchronization with the switching of the inlet member. it can.

  In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device provided with the third container, a plurality of inlet members are formed, a flow rate adjusting device is installed in each inlet member, and the flow rate of the gas flowing through each inlet member can be changed. Can do. According to this configuration, for example, the time difference mixing of the gas in the third container can be promoted by periodically switching the gas inlet through which the gas flows.

  It is preferable that an inert gas supply passage for allowing an inert gas to flow into the gas passage constituent member is connected to the gas passage constituent member or the inlet member. This is because the fuel gas and the inert gas are preliminarily mixed in the gas passage component.

  It is preferable to use waste nitrogen discharged from at least one of an oxygen production plant and a nitrogen production plant as the inert gas. This is because it is easy and inexpensive to procure inert gas. In addition, what is installed in processes, such as a blast furnace method and a direct reduction iron method, can be applied as an oxygen production plant or a nitrogen production plant, for example.

  A stirring device for stirring the gas can be installed in the gas mixing device. A fan or the like can be employed as the stirring device.

  A fuel gas supply passage connected to the inlet member and an inlet member are provided with an inlet gas calorific value measuring device for measuring a gas calorie value of the fuel gas, and the fuel connected to the outlet member An outlet gas calorific value measuring device for measuring the gas calorie value of the fuel gas can be installed in one of the gas supply passage and the outlet member.

  In such a gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device, the calorie fluctuation of the gas flowing into the gas passage constituent member and the gas discharged from the gas passage constituent member based on the measured values of the inlet gas calorific value measuring device and the outlet gas calorific value measuring device. It is possible to arrange a control device that controls the calorie fluctuation and controls the amount of gas flowing into the gas passage constituent member based on the comparison result.

  Further, based on the measured values of the inlet gas calorific value measuring device and the outlet gas calorific value measuring device, the calorie fluctuation of the inflow gas to the gas passage constituent member is compared with the calorie fluctuation of the exhaust gas from the gas passage constituent member. Based on the result of this comparison, a control device can be provided which controls to change the gas inflow direction into the gas passage constituting member.

The fuel gas supply facility of the present invention comprises:
A fuel gas supply passage for supplying gas to the combustion facility as fuel;
A gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device for suppressing fluctuations in the calorific value of the fuel gas supplied through the fuel gas supply passage;
This gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device is constituted by any one of the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing devices described above.

In the fuel gas supply facility, in the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
An outlet passage connected between the outlet member of the gas mixing device and the fuel gas supply passage;
An upstream inlet passage connected between the inlet member of the gas mixing device and the upstream side of the connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage may be further provided.

  Alternatively, with respect to this gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device, instead of the upstream side inlet passage or together with the upstream side inlet passage, between the inlet member of the gas mixing device and the downstream side from the connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage. A downstream inlet passage connected to the gas inlet, and a gas pumping device installed in the downstream inlet passage for pumping the fuel gas toward the gas mixing device.

Alternatively, in the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
An outlet passage connected between the outlet member of the gas mixing device and the fuel gas supply passage;
An upstream inlet passage connected between the inlet member of the gas mixing device and the upstream side of the connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage;
A return passage connected between the downstream side of the connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage and the upstream side of the connection point of the upstream inlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage;
A gas pumping device installed in the return passage and pumping the fuel gas toward the upstream fuel gas supply passage may be further provided.

Alternatively, in the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
The gas mixing device has two inlet members;
A downstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to the outlet member of the gas mixing device,
An upstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to one inlet member of the gas mixing device,
A return passage connected between the other inlet member of the gas mixing device and the downstream fuel gas supply passage;
A gas pumping device installed in the return passage and pumping the fuel gas toward the gas mixing device may be further provided.

Alternatively, in the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
A downstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to the outlet member of the gas mixing device,
An upstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to the inlet member of the gas mixing device,
A return passage connected between a fuel gas supply passage upstream of the gas mixing device and a fuel gas supply passage downstream of the gas mixing device;
A gas pumping device installed in the return passage and pumping the fuel gas from the downstream side to the upstream side of the fuel gas supply passage may be further provided.

The gas turbine equipment of the present invention is
The above combustion equipment;
Fuel gas supply equipment for supplying gas as fuel to this combustion equipment,
The combustion facility is a gas turbine,
The fuel gas supply facility is composed of any one of the fuel gas supply facilities described above.

The boiler equipment of the present invention is
The above combustion equipment;
Fuel gas supply equipment for supplying gas as fuel to this combustion equipment,
The combustion facility is a boiler that burns gas with a burner,
The fuel gas supply facility is composed of any one of the fuel gas supply facilities described above.

  According to the present invention, when low calorie gas that can change calorie, such as process by-product gas, is supplied as fuel gas to combustion equipment such as a gas turbine, the calorie fluctuation of the supplied low calorie gas is suppressed by mixing the time difference. (Relaxing). In other words, as well as reducing the amplitude of fluctuations, it is possible to eliminate short-cycle and medium-cycle fluctuations and leave only long-period fluctuations as if they were a low-pass filter. Heat increase by hot gas is effectively and easily performed. Further, there is a case where heat reduction by a dilution gas or heat increase by a heat-increasing gas is not necessary.

FIG. 1 is a piping diagram showing an outline of a gas turbine power generation facility including a low calorie gas supply facility which is an embodiment of the fuel gas supply facility of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of a state in which the calorie fluctuation of the gas is suppressed by passing the low calorie gas through the gas mixing device. FIG. 3 is a piping diagram showing another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1. 4 (a) is a longitudinal section taken along a plane along the central axis of the apparatus, showing still another example of a gas mixing apparatus that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 (a) is a longitudinal section taken along a plane along the central axis of the apparatus, showing still another example of a gas mixing apparatus that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 8A is a front view showing still another example of a gas mixing apparatus that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. It is. FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing still another example of a gas mixing apparatus that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal section taken along a plane along the central axis of the gas mixing device of FIG. FIG. 11 is a graph showing an example of a simulation result of time difference mixing of gases in the gas mixing apparatus. FIG. 12 is a graph showing another example of the result of the simulation of the time difference mixing of the gas in the gas mixing apparatus. FIG. 13A is a longitudinal section taken along a plane along the central axis of the apparatus, showing still another example of a gas mixing apparatus that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 17 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a gas inflow device used in the gas mixing device of FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. FIG. 20 is a piping diagram showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1. FIG. 21 is a piping diagram showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1. FIG. 22 is a piping diagram showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1. FIG. 23 is a piping diagram showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1. FIG. 24 is a piping diagram showing still another example of a gas mixing device that can be installed in the gas turbine power generation facility of FIG. 1. FIG. 25 is a piping diagram showing an outline of a boiler facility including a low calorie gas supply facility according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 .... Low calorie gas supply equipment 2 .... Gas turbine 3 .... Low calorie gas supply piping 4 .... Dilution gas supply piping 5 .... Control device 6 .... Mixer 7. ... Dust collector 8 ... Inlet calorimeter 9 ... Exit calorimeter 10 ... Gas mixing device 11 ... Inlet member 12 ... Exit member 13 ... Flow meter 14 ··· Mixed gas supply pipe 15 ··· Calorimeter 16 ··· Fuel gas compressor 17 ··· Fuel pipe 18 ··· Flow meter 19 · · · Flow control valve 20 ··· Combustor 21 ... Flow control valve 22 ... Generator 23 ... Gas passage component 24 ... Gas chamber (gas passage)
25 ... Tank 26 ... Cylindrical partition wall 27 ... Inlet hole 28 ... Outlet hole 29 ... Pipe 30 ... Flow control valve 31 ... Gas mixing device 32 ... Gas chamber (gas passage)
33 ... Gas passage component 35 ... Gas mixing device 36 ... Gas passage component 37 ... Horizontal partition wall 38 ... Gas chamber (gas passage)
39 ... Piping 40 ... Gas mixing device 41 ... Container (gas chamber)
42... Gas passage constituent member 43... Gas mixing device 44... Gas passage constituent member 45 ... Gas mixing device 46 ... Tank 47 ... Perforated plate 48 .. Non-porous region 49... Gas mixing device 50... Gas mixing device 51... Tank 52. .... Housing 56 ... Variable louver 57 ... Pipe 58 ... Pipe 59 ... Flow control valve 60 ... Gas mixing device 61 ... Inert gas supply pipe 62... Pipe 63... Outlet pipe 64... Upstream inlet pipe 65... Fan 66. 69... Return pipe 70... Inlet member 71... Downstream side inlet pipe 72. To supply equipment 73 ... boiler 74 ... low-calorie gas supply piping 75 ... flow meter S ···· direct reduced iron facilities

  Embodiments of a gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device, a fuel gas supply facility, a gas turbine facility, and a boiler facility of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a low-calorie gas supply facility 1 as an embodiment of the fuel gas supply facility of the present invention for supplying low-calorie gas as a fuel gas to a gas turbine as a combustion facility, and a gas turbine facility including the low-calorie gas supply facility 1 It is a piping diagram showing the outline. A gas turbine power generation facility is exemplified as the gas turbine facility. As described above, the low calorie gas defined as a gas having a calorific value of about 12 MJ / Nm ³ or less often has characteristics such as calorie fluctuation.

  The low-calorie gas supply facility 1 as the fuel gas supply facility is a low-calorie gas as a fuel gas supply passage for supplying by-product gas (hereinafter referred to as low-calorie gas) generated directly in the reduced iron facility S to the gas turbine 2 as fuel. A supply pipe 3 and a dilution gas supply pipe 4 for supplying a dilution gas to the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 in order to reduce the heat of the low calorie gas are provided. The reason why the dilution gas is supplied to the low calorie gas is to prevent the calorie value of the low calorie gas from fluctuating and exceeding the allowable calorie range inherent to the gas turbine. As will be described later, instead of the dilution gas supply pipe 4 or together with the dilution gas supply pipe 4, the heat increase gas supply pipe for supplying the heat increase gas so that the caloric value of the low calorie gas does not fall below the allowable calorie range. May be installed.

The dilution gas supply pipe 4 is provided with a flow meter 18 and a flow rate adjustment valve (hereinafter referred to as a flow control valve) 19 for adjusting the flow rate of the dilution gas, and is connected to the low calorie gas supply facility 1 by the mixer 6. ing. As the dilution gas, an inert gas, air, steam, exhaust gas discharged from a combustion facility, or the like can be employed. Nitrogen gas (N ₂ ) can be suitably employed as the inert gas, but of course, it is not limited to N ₂ and may be CO ₂ or helium (He). Since the portion of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 downstream from the mixer 6 may be sent to the gas turbine 2 in a state where the low calorie gas is mixed with the dilution gas, the pipe in this range is referred to as a mixed gas supply pipe 14. . The low calorie gas supply facility 1 is provided with a control device 5 for controlling the operation thereof.

  In a portion upstream of the mixer 6 of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, a dust collector 7 for removing dust from the low calorie gas directly sent from the reduced iron facility S and a gas mixer 10 for mixing the low calorie gas are provided. And are installed. The gas mixing device 10 includes a gas passage constituting member 23 having a plurality of gas passages, an inlet member 11 for connecting the upstream low calorie gas supply pipe 3 to the gas passage constituting member 23, and a gas passage separately from the inlet member 11. The outlet member 12 which connects the low calorie gas supply piping 3 of the downstream to the structural member 23 is provided.

  The gas mixing device 10 has a relatively large capacity, and the low calorie gas flowing in while calorimetrically changing is mixed in the gas mixing device 10 with a time difference. That is, the low calorie gas that has flowed into the gas mixing device 10 at the same time is distributed from a portion that flows out of the outlet member 12 relatively early to a portion that stays in the gas mixing device 10 from late. On the other hand, since new gas continuously flows in from the inlet member 11, the gas that has flown in the past and the gas that has flown in the past are constantly mixed. Here, this is called time difference mixing. As will be described later, the gas mixing device functions as a gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device by exhibiting this time difference mixing.

  On the upstream side and downstream side of the gas mixing device 10, calorific value detection devices 8 and 9 for detecting the calorific value of the low calorie gas are installed, and on the downstream side of the gas mixing device 10, the gas flow rate is measured. The flow meter 13 is installed. The installation location of the calorific value detection devices 8 and 9 is not limited to the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 and may be installed on the inlet member 11 and the outlet member 12 of the gas mixing device 10 if possible. In FIG. 1, the flow meter 13 is installed in a portion between the gas mixing device 10 and the mixer 6 in the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, but is not limited to this position. For example, you may install in the mixed gas supply piping 14 downstream from the mixer 6, and you may install in the fuel piping 17 connected to the combustor 20 of the gas turbine 2 mentioned later.

  Here, as the calorific value detection devices 8 and 9, a so-called calorimeter that directly measures the calorific value of gas, a device that measures the content (concentration) of combustible components, and the like are used. When importance is attached to the detection speed, it is preferable to use a combustible gas concentration detector at present. Furthermore, depending on the type of combustible component contained in the low calorie gas applied, and depending on the combustible component in which the main concentration fluctuation occurs (for example, carbon monoxide in the by-product gas in the direct reduced iron method), the component You may use the density | concentration detector which detects the density | concentration of this. In this specification, these calorific value detection devices as a whole are referred to as “calorimeters”.

  A calorimeter 15 is installed in the mixed gas supply pipe 14. This is because the calorimeter 9 and the flow meter 13 on the outlet side of the gas mixing device 10 are monitored, and the calorimeter 15 of the mixed gas supply pipe 14 is monitored to determine the appropriateness of the final caloric value of the mixed gas. It is. Furthermore, when a gas containing a relatively large amount of oxygen, such as air or exhaust gas from combustion equipment, is used as the dilution gas, the mixed gas supply pipe 14 and the dilution gas supply pipe 4 are used to control the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas. It is desirable to install an oxygen concentration meter (not shown).

  A fuel gas compressor 16 of the gas turbine 2 is installed downstream of the calorimeter 15. A flow control valve 21 for adjusting the turbine output is installed in the fuel pipe 17 connected from the fuel gas compressor 16 to the combustor 20 of the gas turbine 2. A generator 22 is connected to the gas turbine 2. Although not shown, the gas turbine 2 may be provided with an exhaust heat recovery boiler power generation facility that generates power using the exhaust gas.

Next, the function and effect of the gas mixing device 10 in FIG. 1 will be described. As described above, the gas mixing apparatus 10 includes the inlet member 11 and the outlet member 12 to which the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 is connected. Therefore, the low calorie gas that has been sent flows into the gas passage constituting member 23 through the inlet member 11. The volume of the gas passage constituting member 23 is large. For example, a low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 having a diameter of about 2 to 3 m is installed with a normal volume of about 20,000 to 200,000 m ³ . The low calorie gas sent while the calorie fluctuates from time to time is mixed with a time difference in the gas mixing device. As a result, the fluctuation range of the calorie of the low calorie gas exiting from the outlet member 12 of the gas mixing apparatus 10 is reduced, and the fluctuation speed is reduced. That is, calorie fluctuation is greatly suppressed (relieved). Thus, if the calorie fluctuation | variation is eased in advance, the suppression control of the calorie rise by dilution gas, such as an inert gas, will become very easy downstream. The above phenomenon will be described with reference to FIG.

2, the volume of the later of the gas passage forming member 23 having a gas mixing device 10 in Figure 1 is taken as 200000M ^3, calorie variance in the case of low-calorie gas is supplied at a flow rate 500,000 nm ³ / hr varying calorific value The simulation result of the suppression (relaxation) state is shown. The horizontal axis represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents the gas calorie value (kcal / Nm ³ ), which is the calorific value of low calorie gas. Moreover, the curve shown with a broken line in a figure has shown the calorie fluctuation | variation (original fluctuation | variation) of the low calorie gas sent to the gas mixing apparatus 10. FIG. This is an actually measured sample. A curve represented by a solid line indicates the calorie fluctuation (after-suppression fluctuation) of the low calorie gas that is output from the gas mixing apparatus 10 after being sufficiently time-diffused. As shown, the calorie of the low caloric gas before entering the gas mixing device 10 varies from about 1530 kcal / Nm ³ to about 2360 kcal / Nm ³ . That is, it has a fluctuation range of about ± 21% of the average value (1945 kcal / Nm ³ ). According to the result of theoretical calculation of the calorie fluctuation of the low calorie gas exiting from the gas mixing apparatus 10, it is 1780 kcal / Nm ³ to 1960 kcal / Nm ³ , and the fluctuation range is about ± 5 of the average value (1870 kcal / Nm ³ ). % Is suppressed. As shown in the figure, with respect to the fluctuation period, fluctuations in the short period and the middle period are removed, and fluctuations in a relatively long period remain. This effect tends to become more prominent as the volume of the gas mixing device is increased with respect to the supply flow rate of the low calorie gas. If the period of the original fluctuation is short and the fluctuation width is small, it is effective to reduce the volume of the gas mixing device from the viewpoint of economy.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the facility where low calorie gas is supplied at a flow rate of 200000 Nm ³ / hr, two gas mixing devices 10 having a volume of 25000 m ³ are installed in parallel, and both are used during normal operation. It is also possible to use only one gas mixing device only for non-stationary situations such as periodic inspections and malfunctions.

  Thus, by providing the gas mixing device that can realize the time difference mixing of the low calorie gas, the calorie fluctuation of the low calorie gas is greatly suppressed. As a result, the control of mixing the dilution gas downstream is made very easy. For example, when the calorie fluctuation range of the fuel gas of the gas turbine 2 is set to ± 10% of the reference calorie value (average value), the average value of the fluctuating calorie is set downstream of the gas mixing device. In order to match the reference calorie value set to, it is only necessary to provide a gas mixing device having a volume that can meet the specifications and supply a fixed ratio of the dilution gas. Regarding the air supply operation, it is not necessary to consider the calorie fluctuation of the low calorie gas.

  In an extreme case, if the average value of the calories in which the low calorie gas fluctuates after passing through the gas mixing device 10 substantially matches the reference calorie value set in the gas turbine 2, it is not necessary to mix dilution gases. In addition, a facility for supplying dilution gas is not required.

  If the gas mixing device 10 has a predetermined volume, the above-described operation of time-slow mixing of low calorie gas can be achieved. However, various devices are provided so that time-slow mixing of low calorie gas can be performed more sufficiently in the gas mixing device. Is given. That is, the gas mixing device is configured such that a part of the low calorific gas flowing into the tank stays in the tank for as long as possible and is sufficiently mixed in the tank, so that more effective time difference mixing is performed. ing. In summary, the gas mixing apparatus is configured such that the gas flowing into the gas passage passes through the gas passages formed therein over different times, and the gas passing through the gas passages is mixed. It is configured to achieve time difference mixing.

  This configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The gas mixing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 4 employs a tank 25 in which a gas chamber 24 serving as a plurality of gas passages is formed as a gas passage constituting member 23. In this embodiment, a plurality of cylindrical partition walls 26 whose upper ends are opened are arranged concentrically at intervals on the floor surface in the cylindrical tank 23, and the tank peripheral wall, the cylindrical partition wall 26, The space between each other and the space between the cylindrical partition walls 26 constitute a gas passage 24, respectively. The height of the upper end of the cylindrical partition wall 26 is set lower than the height of the ceiling of the tank 25, and each gas chamber (gas passage) 24 communicates with the space between the ceiling of the tank 25 and the upper end of each cylindrical partition wall 26. Has been. Gas inlet holes 27 are formed at positions corresponding to the gas chambers 24 at the bottom of the tank 25, and one gas outlet connected to the low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the downstream side is formed on the ceiling of the tank 25. A hole 28 is formed.

  The inlet member 11 includes a pipe 29 branched from the low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the upstream side and connected to each of the inlet holes 27, and a flow control valve 30 installed in the pipe 29 for adjusting the amount of inflow gas. I have. It can be said that the outlet member 12 is composed of the outlet hole 28 and a portion of the tank 25 above the upper end of each cylindrical partition wall 26. That is, the outlet member 12 is a portion of the tank that defines the space between the ceiling of the tank 25 and the upper end of each cylindrical partition wall 26 including the outlet hole 28. The gas that passes through the gas passages 24 merges at the outlet member 12 and is mixed there.

  4 has four gas passages 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d. However, the number is not limited to this, and two or more may be used. From the viewpoint of realizing mixing, the larger the better.

  The connection of the inlet member 11 to each gas passage 24 is not limited to the bottom of the tank 25 as in this embodiment, but it is preferable that the length of the gas passage 24 extending from the inlet member 11 to the outlet member 12 is longer. When the upper end of 24 is opened and communicated with the outlet member 12, the inlet member 11 is preferably connected to the bottom of the tank 25 as shown.

  In the present embodiment, all the gas chambers 24 have substantially the same volume. In addition, the flow rate of the gas flowing into each gas chamber 24 is made different by adjusting the opening degree of the flow control valve 30. As a result, the time until the gas that has flowed into each gas chamber 24 simultaneously reaches the outlet member 12 varies depending on the gas chambers 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d. As a result, the gas that has flowed out of the gas chambers and merged is mixed by time difference, and calorie fluctuation is suppressed. This will be described below.

For example, the total gas flow rate passing through the inlet member 11 is V, and the ratio of the gas flow rates flowing into the first to nth gas passages having the same volume W is 1: 2: 3:. When the flow valve is adjusted so that the amount of gas V / {n · (n + 1) / 2} flowing into the first gas passage at a certain time has elapsed time t ₁ = W · n · (n + 1) / 2V Later it flows out of the first gas passage. The amount of gas 2V / {n · (n + 1) / 2} flowing into the second gas passage at the same time as the first gas passage is given by time t ₂ = W · n · (n + 1) / 4V = 1/2 × t ₁ After the lapse, it flows out from the second gas passage. The gas amount n · V / {n · (n + 1) / 2} flowing into the nth gas passage at the same time flows out from the nth gas passage after 1 / n × t ₁ .

  In this way, the gas that has flowed into all the gas passages at the same time, that is, the gas having substantially the same caloric value, flows out from each gas passage after a different time and merges and mixes at the outlet member 12. As a result, the gas that has flowed into the gas mixing apparatus 10 is effectively time-diffused and the calorie fluctuation of the gas is suppressed. In order to further mix the gas that has flowed out of the gas passages with a time difference after the merging, a mixer or a stirring device may be installed at the outlet member 12 (for example, a portion in the tank 25 above the gas passage 24). A fan or the like can be employed as the stirring device. An electric motor or the like for driving a fan or the like is preferably installed outside the tank or the gas passage. In the above embodiment, the gas flow rate flowing into each gas passage is an integer ratio, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and an arbitrary flow rate ratio can be selected. Moreover, you may make the gas of the same flow flow in some some gas passages as needed.

  In the gas mixing apparatus 10 of FIG. 4, the plurality of gas passages have the same volume, and the gas flow rates flowing into the respective gas passages are different. However, as described below, the volumes of the plurality of gas passages are made different. The inflow gas flow rate may be the same.

  The gas mixing device 31 shown in FIG. 5 includes a gas passage constituting member 33 in which a plurality of gas chambers 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d having different volumes are formed. This gas passage constituting member 33 is similar to the gas passage constituting member 10 of FIG. 4 in that a tank 25 in which a plurality of cylindrical partition walls 26 whose upper ends are opened on the floor surface are arranged concentrically at intervals. The space between the peripheral wall of the tank 25 and the cylindrical partition wall 26 and the space between the cylindrical partition walls 26 each constitute a gas passage 32. As will be described later, the inside of the innermost cylindrical partition wall 26a is a part of the path through which the merged gas flows out. The upper ends of all the cylindrical partition walls 26 are spaced from the ceiling of the tank 25 downward.

  However, the interval between the cylindrical partition walls 26 is different from that shown in FIG. 4, and the volume ratio of the gas chambers 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d is 1: 2: 3: 4. The inlet member 11 has pipes 29 branched from the low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the upstream side and connected to the inlet holes 27 of the tank 25, but the flow control valve 30 is not provided. Then, almost the same flow rate of gas flows into all the gas passages (gas chambers) 32.

  The outlet hole 28 of the tank 25 is formed at a position corresponding to the center of the bottom of the tank 25 and the inside of the innermost cylindrical partition wall 26a. A space inside the innermost cylindrical partition wall 26 a constitutes a part of the outlet member 12. The gas flowing into the gas chambers 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d passes through the space above all the gas chambers 32 in the tank 25 and the inside of the innermost cylindrical partition wall 26a, and the low calorie gas downstream from the outlet hole 28. It flows out to the supply pipe 3. Therefore, it can be said that the outlet member 12 includes the portion of the tank 25 above each gas chamber 32, the inner side of the innermost cylindrical partition wall 26 a, and the outlet hole 28. That is, the outlet member 12 is a portion of the tank that divides the space between the ceiling of the tank 25 and the upper end of each cylindrical partition wall 26 including the outlet hole 28, and the innermost cylindrical partition wall 26a. The gas that passes through each gas passage 32 is merged at the outlet member 12 and mixed there. Also for the gas mixing device 31, a mixer or a stirring device is installed at the outlet member 12 (for example, a portion above the gas chamber 24 in the tank 25 or the inside of the innermost cylindrical partition wall 26a). Also good.

  In this gas mixing device 31 as well, the gas flowing out of the gas mixing device 31 is time-diffused to suppress calorie fluctuation. This will be described below.

For example, it is assumed that the total gas flow rate passing through the inlet member 11 is V, and the volume ratio of the n gas passages from the first to the nth is 1: 2: 3:. The gas amount v = V / n flowing into the first gas passage having the volume W at a certain time flows out from the first gas passage after the time t ₁ = 1 W / v has elapsed. The same gas amount v = V / n flowing into the second gas passage having the volume 2W at the same time as the first gas passage flows out from the second gas passage after the time t ₂ = 2W / v = 2t ₁ has elapsed. The gas amount v = V / n flowing into the nth gas passage having the volume nW at the same time flows out from the nth gas passage after nt ₁ .

  In this way, the gas that has flowed into all the gas passages at the same time, that is, the gas having substantially the same caloric value, flows out from each gas passage after a different time and merges and mixes at the outlet member 12. As a result, the gas flowing into the gas mixing device 31 is effectively time-diffused and the calorie fluctuation of the gas is suppressed.

  In the above embodiment, the volume ratio of the gas passages is an integer ratio, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and an arbitrary volume ratio can be selected. Moreover, it is good also considering a some some gas channel as the same volume as needed.

  The gas passage constituent member, the inlet member, and the outlet member are not limited to the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and various suitable configurations can be adopted.

  For example, in the gas passage constituting member 36 in the gas mixing device 35 shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of gas passages (gas chambers) 38 are formed by dividing the inside of the tank 25 by a plurality of horizontal partition walls 37 spaced vertically. It has been done. The horizontal partition walls 37 are arranged at equal intervals, and all the gas chambers 38 have substantially the same volume. An inlet hole 27 is formed at one end of each gas chamber 38 and an outlet hole 28 is formed at the other end. The inlet hole 27 and the outlet hole 28 do not face each other, and the outlet hole 28 is formed at a position deviating from the central axis of the inlet hole 27. This is because a part of the gas flowing into the gas chamber 38 from the inlet hole 27 is prevented from flowing out of the outlet hole in a very short time, and the gas stays in the gas chamber 38 as long as possible. Although not shown, the formation of the outlet hole 28 at a position deviating from the central axis of the inlet hole 27 is not limited to the gas passage constituting member 36 of FIG. 6, and is also applied to gas chambers and tanks shown in other drawings. Can be applied.

  The gas chamber 38 is partitioned by the horizontal partition wall 37, but is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the gas chamber 38 may be partitioned by a partition wall that extends in the vertical direction, or may be partitioned in a grid shape or a honeycomb shape vertically and horizontally. Good. Moreover, you may divide radially like the cross section of a citrus fruit.

  The inlet member 11 is the same as that shown in FIG. 4, a pipe 29 branched from the low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the upstream side and connected to each of the plurality of inlet holes 27, and a flow installed in the pipe 29. A valve adjustment 30 is provided. The flow rate of the gas flowing into each gas chamber 38 is made different by adjusting the opening degree of the flow control valve 30. The outlet member 12 is connected to the plurality of outlet holes 28 and is configured by a pipe 39 that is integrated and connected to the low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the downstream side. The gas flowing out of the gas chamber 38 with a time difference starts to be mixed in the integrated pipe portion 39. Therefore, in order to promote gas mixing, a mixer or a stirring device may be installed in the outlet member 12 (for example, an integrated pipe portion). In the gas passage constituting member 36 as well, as in the case of the gas mixing device 10 in FIG. 4, the inflowing gas is effectively time-diffused and the calorie fluctuation of the gas is suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 6, even in the gas mixing device 35 having a plurality of upper and lower gas chambers, for example, the gas flow rates flowing into the gas chambers are almost the same, and the volumes of the gas chambers are different from each other. You may let them. In this case, it is not particularly necessary to install a flow control valve on the inlet member. Even in such a gas mixing device 35, as described with respect to the gas mixing device 31 of FIG. 5, the inflowing gas is effectively time-diffused and the calorie fluctuation of the gas is suppressed.

  The shape of the tank 25 described above is not limited, and various shapes such as a polygonal cylinder shape and a spherical shape can be adopted in addition to the cylindrical shape. Further, the gas passage constituting member is not limited to the gas passage constituting members 23 and 33 in which a plurality of gas chambers are formed in one tank as shown in FIGS. What comprised from the container may be sufficient.

  FIG. 7 shows a gas mixing device 40 having a gas passage constituting member 42 composed of a plurality of independent containers 41 as described above. Each container 41 constitutes a gas chamber (gas passage), and all have substantially the same volume. An inlet hole 27 is formed at the lower end (which may be the upper end or the side surface) of each container 41, and a gas outlet hole 28 is formed at the upper end (which may be the lower end or the side surface).

  The inlet member 11 is the same as that shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, a pipe 29 branched from the low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the upstream side and connected to each of the plurality of inlet holes 27, and a branch of the pipe 29 The flow control valve 30 installed in each of these parts is provided. The flow rate of the gas flowing into each gas chamber 41 is made different by adjusting the opening degree of the flow control valve. The outlet member 12 is the same as that shown in FIG. 6 and includes a pipe 39 connected to the plurality of outlet holes 28 and connected to the low-calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the downstream side. The gas flowing out of the gas chamber 41 with a time difference starts to be mixed in the integrated pipe portion 39. Therefore, in order to promote gas mixing, a mixer or a stirring device may be installed in the outlet member 12 (for example, an integrated pipe portion). In the gas mixing device 40 as well, as in the case of the gas mixing device 10 shown in FIG. 4, the inflowing gas is effectively time-diffused and the calorie fluctuation of the gas is suppressed. Further, since each gas passage is composed of one independent container, the installation work of the partition walls for partitioning the gas chamber can be omitted, and thus the manufacture becomes easy.

  Even in a gas mixing apparatus having a plurality of independent containers 41 as gas passages as shown in FIG. 7, for example, the flow rates of gas flowing into each container may be substantially the same, and the volumes of the containers may be different from each other. Good. In this case, it is not particularly necessary to install a flow control valve on the inlet member. Even in such a gas mixing device, as described with respect to the gas mixing device 31 in FIG. 5, effective time-difference mixing of the inflowing gas is performed, and calorie fluctuation of the gas is suppressed. The shape of the container 41 described above is not limited, and various shapes such as a cylindrical shape, a polygonal cylindrical shape, and a spherical shape can be adopted. Since each gas passage is composed of one independent container, the volume of the container can be easily made different. Each container can be formed from, for example, metal pipes having different diameters or metal pipes having different lengths.

  The gas mixing device 43 shown in FIG. 8 is configured by integrally binding the container 41 shown in FIG. Except that the plurality of containers 41 are bundled in a compact manner, the configuration is almost the same as that of the gas mixing device 40 shown in FIG. 7, and therefore, the same members as those in FIG. Omitted. This gas mixing device 43 can save installation space.

  The gas mixing device 45 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is configured such that a perforated plate 47 having a large number of through holes 47 a is disposed inside a tank 46. 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the gas mixing device 45, and FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view. An inlet hole 27 and an outlet hole 28 are formed in the peripheral wall of the tank 46, the upstream low calorie gas supply pipe 3 is connected to the inlet hole 27, and the downstream low calorie gas supply pipe 3 is connected to the outlet hole 28. ing. The perforated plate 47 is arranged in the vertical direction so as to divide the space inside the tank 46 into a space on the inlet hole 27 side and a space on the outlet hole 28 side. In this embodiment, the inlet hole 27 and the outlet hole 28 are formed at opposing positions on the peripheral wall of the tank 46, and the perforated plate 47 is arranged vertically so as to be orthogonal to a virtual straight line connecting the inlet hole 27 and the outlet hole 28. However, it is not limited to such a configuration.

  In this gas mixing device 45, the inlet hole 27 and the portion of the tank 46 that connects the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 to the inlet hole 27 constitute an inlet member, and the outlet hole 28 and the outlet hole 28 have a low calorie gas. The portion of the tank 46 that connects the supply pipe 3 constitutes an outlet member.

  A virtual straight line L (hereinafter referred to as the central axis of the inlet hole 27) extending in the direction of the central axis of the portion of the perforated plate 47 connected to the inlet hole 27 of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 from the center of the inlet hole 27. No through holes are formed around the intersecting points. This is referred to as a non-porous region 48 (shown surrounded by a two-dot chain line in the figure). This non-porous region 48 is formed to prevent a part of the gas flowing in from the inlet hole 27 from reaching the outlet hole 28 in a very short time, and to keep the gas in the tank 46 as long as possible. . Since most of the gas that has flowed into the tank 46 from the inlet hole 27 collides with the non-hole region and then passes through each through-hole 47a, the residence time of the gas in the tank becomes longer. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the non-hole region 48 has a range substantially the same as the shape of the inlet hole 27 and the outlet hole 28 as an example, but may be a range beyond that.

  The tank 46 and the porous plate 47 constitute a gas passage constituting member. That is, a large number of through holes 47a of the perforated plate 47 each constitute a gas passage. When the gas flowing into the tank 46 from the inlet hole 27 passes through the through hole 47a of the perforated plate 47 and reaches the outlet hole 28, the direction and length of the streamline are different if the gas passes through the different through hole 47a. From the point of view of the time difference mixing of the gases, this is a different gas passage.

  In this gas mixing device 45, the time difference mixing is performed in the space on the inlet hole side of the porous plate 47, and the time difference mixing is further performed in the space on the outlet hole side after passing through the through hole 47a of the porous plate. Therefore, suppression of gas calorie fluctuation is effectively achieved.

  The perforated plate 47 may be installed inside the gas chambers 24, 32, 38 and the container 41 in the gas passage constituting members 23, 33, 36, 42, 44 shown in FIGS. If it does so, the time difference mixing of gas will be attained also in each gas passage.

11 and 12 show the results of the simulation of the time difference mixing of the gas in the gas mixing apparatus as a curve representing the relationship between the gas residence time and the accumulated gas flow rate. Both figures are based on a model in which a tank is used as a gas passage constituent member. The horizontal axis represents the residence time (minutes) of gas in the tank, and the vertical axis represents the ratio of the retained gas. The curve in the graph of FIG. 11 shows a state where the gas is completely mixed. That is, the gas flows into the tank from the inlet, and at the same time, the gas is mixed with the gas that has existed in the tank until then. These figures show simulation results under conditions where the tank volume is 40000 m ³ and the flow rate of the inflowing gas is 280000 Nm ³ / hr.

  The meaning of this graph indicates the ratio of the gas flowing out from the outlet at a predetermined time shown on the horizontal axis, that is, the ratio to the gas volume of the entire tank. A numerical value of 1.0 on the vertical axis represents the gas volume of the entire tank. For example, the gas flowing out from the outlet during a period of 100 minutes (indicated by reference numeral H1) of a value from 500 minutes to 600 minutes on the horizontal axis in FIG. 11 (this indicates the time elapsed since flowing into the tank, ie, the residence time). The ratio V1 of the entire tank to the gas is about 0.689-about 0.621 = about 0.068 (about 6.8%). In other words, the gas staying between 500 minutes and 600 minutes after flowing into the tank is about 6.8% of the total gas in the tank. The gas that has not passed 100 minutes since flowing into the tank (remaining only after 0 to 100 minutes, indicated by H2) is about 0.176-0 = about 0.176. There are about 17.6% of the total (indicated by V2), but the gas staying between 900 minutes and 1000 minutes after entering the tank (indicated by H3) is about 0.00. From 863 to about 0.834 = about 0.029, it can be seen that only about 2.9% of the whole is present (indicated by V3).

  Ideally, the time difference mixing is ideal when the gas is mixed at the same rate regardless of the elapsed time from the inflow, that is, the line shown in the graph is a straight line. However, this is a state that does not actually exist. It is reasonable to consider the state where complete mixing as shown in FIG. 11 is performed as the state where the best time difference mixing is performed.

  FIG. 12 shows the result of the simulation of the time difference mixing of the gas using the gas mixing device 45 incorporating the perforated plate 47 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. The curve shown is shown. In order to be able to contrast with the above-described complete mixing state, gas time-difference mixing with the same conditions such as gas flow rate and tank volume is simulated. The complete mixing state described above is indicated by a solid line, and the case of using a gas mixing device 45 incorporating a porous plate is indicated by a broken line. In the case of the gas mixing device 45 incorporating the perforated plate, a close curve is drawn even if it does not coincide with the complete mixing state. That is, it can be said that good time difference mixing is performed. As a result, also in this gas mixing device 45, fluctuations in gas calories are effectively suppressed.

  The gas mixing device 49 shown in FIG. 13 has two (or three or more) perforated plates 47 arranged substantially in parallel with a space inside the tank 46. Therefore, three spaces partitioned by the perforated plate 47 are formed inside the tank 46. Compared with the gas mixing device 45 of FIG. 9, in the present gas mixing device 49, further time-difference mixing is performed by the space between the two perforated plates 47, so that the calorie fluctuation of the gas can be more effectively suppressed. . The non-porous region 28 may be formed in the perforated plate on the outlet hole 28 side.

  FIG. 14 shows another gas mixing device 50. This gas mixing apparatus 50 is a modification of a tank 51 used as a gas holder in a conventional gas turbine facility to also serve as a gas calorie fluctuation suppressing apparatus. That is, the inlet hole 27 and the outlet hole 28 are separately formed in the gas holder, and the upstream side low calorie gas supply pipe 3 and the downstream side low calorie gas supply pipe 3 are connected to these, respectively, As in the case of the gas mixing device 45 of FIG.

  The gas holder is a device that monitors the gas amount balance. The gas amount balance monitoring device is for balancing the amount of low calorie gas sent from the upstream side with the amount of gas consumed required by the gas turbine. When there are fluctuations in the amount of supplied gas and load fluctuations in the gas turbine, it is necessary to balance between the amount of gas supplied and the amount of consumption. When the supply amount is unexpectedly excessive, it is discharged to the outside of the system. When the supply amount becomes insufficient, the load of the gas turbine is reduced or a part of the operation is stopped.

  This gas amount balance monitoring device includes the tank 51, a lid member 52 that is hermetically closed by a seal member 52a or the like at the upper end opening of the tank 51, and is arranged to move up and down in the tank. The adjustment weight 52b is connected. The seal member 52 a is disposed in the gap between the lid member 52 and the inner peripheral surface of the tank 51. The tank moves up and down by the balance of the total weight of the weight of the lid member 52, the weight of the weight 52b and the push-down force due to the atmospheric pressure, and the push-up force caused by the internal pressure of the tank 51. Therefore, the lid member 52 moves up and down according to a change in the balance between the supply amount and the consumption amount of the low calorie gas. While monitoring the vertical movement of the lid member 52, measures such as the out-of-system release of gas and the reduction of the turbine load are taken. This gas holder is also used as a gas mixing device 50 for time difference mixing of low calorie gas.

  Since the lid member 52 moves up and down as described above, the height of the perforated plate 47 is lowered so as not to interfere with the lid member 52 that moves up and down. Therefore, when the lid member 52 is raised, a space 51a is formed between the upper end of the perforated plate 47 and the lid member 52. This space 51a can also be considered as one of a plurality of gas passages. Also in this gas mixing device 50, good time difference mixing is performed by the same action as described for the gas mixing device 45 in FIG. 9, and the fluctuation of gas calorie is suppressed.

  FIG. 15 shows a tank 46 as a gas passage constituting member incorporating a porous plate 47, which is the same as the gas mixing device 45 of FIGS. However, between the inlet hole 27 of the tank 46 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, an inclined pipe 53 that is continuous with the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 and is inclined upward from the horizontal is interposed. The inclination angle α from the horizon is not limited. By doing so, the inflow direction of the gas into the tank 46 is deviated from the position of the outlet hole 28. By making this inclined pipe 53 attachable to and detachable from the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 and the tank 46, it can be replaced with an inclined pipe having a different inclination angle. The inclined pipe 53 is used when the perforated plate which does not form the non-porous region 48 (the through holes 47a are uniformly formed on the entire surface) is used, and the inflow direction of the gas into the tank 46 is determined by the position of the outlet hole 28. Since it can keep away from, it is preferable.

  The inclined pipe 53 is not installed only in the gas mixing device in which the perforated plate 47 is built. For example, the outlet hole 28 may be removed from the extended line of the central axis of the inlet hole 27 of the gas passage by connecting to the pipe 29 constituting the inlet member shown in FIGS. In this case, the direction of the inclined pipe 53 and the inclination angle from the central axis of the inlet hole may be selected in accordance with the gas passage.

  FIG. 16 shows a gas mixing device 50 using a conventional gas holder, similar to that shown in FIG. 14, but gas flows between the inlet hole 27 of the tank 51 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. A gas inflow device 54 for changing the direction is provided. Although the gas mixing device 50 originally exhibits the function of mixing the gas that has flowed into the inside thereof with a time difference, it is possible to change the mode of gas flow by the gas inflow device 54 in accordance with the vertical movement of the lid member 52 of the tank 51. The uniform mixing effect can be further improved.

  As is apparent from FIG. 17, the gas inflow device 54 includes a housing 55 disposed between the tank inlet hole 27 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, and an upper and lower portions inside the housing 55. And a plurality of variable louvers 56 accommodated at intervals. Each variable louver 56 is disposed substantially horizontally, and its rotation shaft 56 a protrudes outside the housing 55. The protruding portion of the rotating shaft 56a can be rotated by known means such as an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, and the louver 56 can be swung in the vertical direction. When the louver 56 is swung in the vertical direction, the gas inflow direction can be changed accordingly. The number of louvers to be installed is not limited and may be one or more.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, an inclination direction indicator 56b is installed on the rotation shaft 56a protruding to the outside of the housing 55, and the inclination direction of the louver 56 from the outside of the gas inflow device 54, and hence the inflow of gas. The direction can be displayed. Further, the inclination direction of the louver 56 may be detected by a detector (not shown), and the detection signal may be transmitted to the control device 5 and displayed on a remote display device (not shown) based on the detected signal. Further, a see-through window may be formed in the housing 55 so that the inclination direction of the louver 56 can be confirmed from the outside.

  As described above, when the gas flow mode is changed in accordance with the vertical movement of the lid member 52, for example, the position signal of the lid member 52 is input to the control device 5, and the optimum gas inflow is determined in accordance with the position signal. The direction can be selected. For example, in order to further incline the gas inflow direction when the lid member 52 is raised, the louver 56 may be swung upward so that the elevation angle from the horizontal is increased. If the lid member 52 is lowered, the louver 56 may be swung so that the elevation angle from the horizontal becomes smaller in order to incline the gas inflow direction below the current direction.

  As described above, the inlet calorimeter 8 and the outlet calorimeter 9 are respectively installed in the low calorie gas supply pipes 3 on the upstream side and the downstream side of the gas mixing device (see FIG. 1). Since the calorimeters 8 and 9 continuously measure the gas calorie value, the calorie fluctuation in the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 on the upstream side and the downstream side can be detected. Since the control device 5 receives the signals indicating the gas calorie fluctuation on the upstream side and the downstream side thereof, the control device 5 can detect the degree of the effect of suppressing the calorie fluctuation by the gas mixing device by comparing them. Therefore, the control device 5 calculates the deviation between the set value and the detected value of the calorie fluctuation suppression level, and fills this deviation (so that the uniform time difference mixing effect is maximized). The inflow angle (inclination angle of the louver 56) is controlled.

  This gas inflow device 54 is not limited to the internal volume fluctuation type gas mixing device 50, but may be applied to fixed volume type gas mixing devices 10, 31, 36, 40, 43, 45, 49 in which the ceiling does not move up and down. it can. Then, the calorie value can be continuously measured by the calorimeters 8 and 9 while the inclination angle of the louver 56 is changed by the control device 5 to monitor the calorie fluctuation suppressing effect. By doing so, it is possible to know the optimum inclination angle of the louver 56 for time difference mixing.

  Although the gas inflow device 54 of FIG. 16 has accommodated the variable louver 56 in the inside of the housing 55 installed outside the tank, it is not limited to this structure. For example, the variable louver 56 may be installed at a position close to the inlet in the tank so that it can be driven to swing from the outside of the tank without providing a housing.

  18, two (or three or more) inlet holes 27 and two outlet holes 28 (or three or more) may be provided on the peripheral wall (or the bottom of the tank) of the tank 51 shown in FIG. Is formed. As an inlet member for connecting each inlet hole 27 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, a pipe 57 having a branch pipe 57 a that branches from the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 toward each inlet hole 27, and the branch pipe 57 a are installed. A flow control valve (or stop valve) 59 is provided. Further, as an outlet member for connecting each outlet hole 28 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, a pipe 58 having a branch pipe 58 a integrally connected to each of the outlet holes 27 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, and the above branch pipe A flow control valve 59 installed at 58a is disposed. Note that only one outlet hole 28 may be formed, and a plurality of inlet holes 27 may be formed.

  The control device 5 appropriately selects and opens or closes the flow regulating valve 59 on the inlet side, and adjusts the flow rate to change the gas inflow position into the tank 51 or change the gas flow rate at the gas inflow position. be able to. In this way, the control device 5 performs control so as to optimize the mode of gas flow in the tank 51. This optimal mode applies a data set that is most suitable for similar operating conditions (gas calorie, gas flow rate, gas composition, residence time in tank, etc.) based on a data set created based on a lot of operation data. be able to. For example, the control device 5 calculates a deviation between the set value of the calorie fluctuation suppression level and the actually measured fluctuation suppression level based on the detection values of both the calorimeters 8 and 9, and fills this deviation (the uniform time difference mixing effect is maximized). Adjust the flow rate and change the gas inflow position.

  If the control device 5 operates the flow valve 59 on the outlet side in synchronism with the operation of the flow control valve 59 on the inlet side, the time difference mixing of the gas is performed as compared with the control of only the flow control valve 59 on the inlet side. Therefore, it is possible to realize a more preferable gas flow mode. It is also possible to combine the branched inlet side pipe 57 with the inclined pipe 53 and the gas inflow device 54 described above.

  A gas mixing device 60 shown in FIG. 19 includes a tank 46 containing a porous plate 47 in the same manner as the gas mixing device 45 of FIG. However, as an inlet member for connecting the inlet hole 27 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, a pipe 62 to which an inert gas supply pipe 61 is connected is provided. The inert gas supply pipe 61 is for introducing an inert gas for reducing the heat of the low calorie gas into the tank 46. An inert gas supply pipe 61 is inserted and connected to the inside of the pipe 62, and its tip is opened so that the inert gas is mixed into the flow of low calorie gas. Accordingly, the pipe 62 is configured as a double pipe. The flow rate of the inert gas is preferably lower than the flow rate of the low calorie gas from the viewpoint of improving the mixing property. With the configuration described above, the inert gas is introduced into the tank in the same inflow direction as the low calorie gas, and the inert gas is prevented from being unevenly distributed in the low calorie gas.

  In the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 shown in FIG. 1, a dilution gas supply pipe 4 for supplying a dilution gas such as an inert gas is disposed downstream of the gas mixing device 10. As described above, when the average calorie value of the low calorie gas after the calorie fluctuation is suppressed by the gas mixing device is about to exceed the range of the allowable calorie value inherent to the gas turbine, the calorie value is reduced by the dilution gas. The purpose is to lower the. However, if the diluent gas necessary for lowering the average calorie value is introduced into the gas mixing device 10 in advance, the calorie control performed using the diluent gas supply pipe 4 is simplified, or This is advantageous because it is unnecessary.

  For example, the average calorie value of the low calorie gas on the inlet side is calculated from the detection result of the inlet calorimeter 8 (see FIG. 1), and the calorie value is allowed when the average calorie value exceeds the allowable calorie value range specific to the gas turbine. An amount of dilution gas required to be lowered within the range is introduced into the tank 46. Alternatively, when the average calorie value of the low calorie gas on the inlet side suddenly rises, a necessary amount of dilution gas is introduced into the tank 46 so as to be substantially equal to the average calorie value on the outlet side at that time.

  The supply of the inert gas into the tank 46 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. For example, the inert gas supply pipe 61 may be directly connected to the tank 46 independently of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. Further, the installation target of the inert gas supply pipe 61 is not limited to the gas mixing device (see FIGS. 9 and 13 to 19) in which the porous plate 47 is built. For example, the present invention can also be applied to the gas mixing apparatus shown in FIGS.

  As the inert gas introduced into the gas mixing apparatus described above, waste nitrogen diffused from an oxygen production plant used in a blast furnace method and a direct reduction iron method such as the FINEX method and the COREX method, and an oxygen production plant It is preferable to recover and use waste nitrogen containing a small amount of oxygen discharged from a nitrogen production plant attached to the plant. This is because the operation cost is extremely low because a large amount of nitrogen is recovered and used.

  In the case of a direct reduction iron method such as the FINEX method or the COREX method, oxygen is used as a reducing agent, so it is essential to install an oxygen production plant that produces a large amount of oxygen. Since oxygen is also used in the blast furnace method, an oxygen production plant is used even if there is a difference in scale. The oxygen production plant separates nitrogen from air to produce oxygen, but the exhaust gas after the separation of oxygen is normally released to the atmosphere as waste nitrogen. On the other hand, high-purity nitrogen is often produced by adding a nitrogen production plant to the oxygen production plant, but even in this case, nitrogen containing a small amount of oxygen is released to the atmosphere as waste nitrogen. Such waste nitrogen has a gas composition of about 95 to 98% by volume of nitrogen gas and about 2 to 5% of oxygen, and is a very safe dilution gas from the viewpoint of the flammability limit of low calorie gas. . Of course, highly purified nitrogen may be used.

  A combination of the inclined pipe 53, the gas inflow device 54, and the inert gas supply pipe 61 described above with a gas mixing device is also included in the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device referred to herein.

  20 to 24 exemplify various types of piping in connecting the above-described gas mixing device to the low calorie gas supply piping 3 in the low calorie gas supply facility 1. However, the piping is not limited to the range shown in these drawings.

  FIG. 20 shows a gas mixing device 50 installed in parallel to the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, in other words, a gas mixing device 50 installed in a bypass pipe attached to the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. ing. This gas mixing device 50 is also used as a gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device by slightly changing the structure of a gas holder installed in an existing low calorie gas supply facility. Therefore, the internal volume variation type gas mixing device 50 shown in FIGS. 14 and 16 can be suitably arranged as shown in FIG. In this case, since the outlet hole 28 is formed substantially at the center of the bottom of the tank 51, the porous plate inside the tank 51 is disposed at a position slightly closer to the inlet hole 27 than the central axis of the tank 51.

  A gas holder installed in a conventional low calorie gas supply facility is connected to the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 only by a single communication pipe (corresponding to an outlet pipe denoted by reference numeral 63 in FIG. 20). This single communication pipe doubles as an entrance. Since the gas holder only needs to balance the supply and demand of the gas in the low calorie gas supply pipe, the gas holder may be connected to the low calorie gas supply pipe with a single communication pipe.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the communication pipe 63 as an outlet pipe is connected to the outlet member 12 of the tank 51, and in addition to the outlet pipe 63, an upstream side inlet pipe 64 newly communicating with the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. Is connected to the inlet member 11 of the tank 51. The upstream side inlet pipe 64 and the outlet pipe 63 constitute the bypass pipe. The upstream side inlet pipe 64 is connected to the upstream side from the connection portion with the outlet pipe 63 of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. The upstream inlet pipe 64 is provided with a fan 65 as a gas pressure feeding device for feeding low calorie gas into the tank 51. Therefore, a part of the low calorie gas supplied flows into the tank 51 through the upstream side inlet pipe 64, the low calorie gas is mixed with time in the tank 51, and the same amount of gas passes through the outlet pipe 63 to the tank 51. To the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. Since the upstream side inlet pipe 64 is connected to the upstream side of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 from the outlet pipe 63, the fan 65 can be omitted by a piping design considering pressure loss. The same applies to the upstream side inlet pipe 64 shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 21 shows a gas mixing device 66 using another gas amount balance monitoring device that can be used as a calorie fluctuation suppressing means. The gas mixing device 66 has a more economical configuration as a gas amount balance monitoring device, and the inlet member 11 and the outlet member 12 are supplied with low calorie gas by an upstream inlet pipe 64 and an outlet pipe (communication pipe) 63, respectively. An airtight tank 67 connected to the pipe 3 is provided. The tank 67 contains a perforated plate (not shown), and further has a pressure detection device 68 to constantly monitor the internal pressure of the tank 67. When the detected pressure reaches the upper limit range, the control device 5 issues a command to increase the gas consumption in the facility, and balances the gas supply and demand. Since the configuration of the other pipes is the same as that shown in FIG. This gas mixing device 66 also suppresses the calorie fluctuation of a part of the low calorie gas supplied to the gas turbine by the low calorie gas supply pipe 3.

  FIG. 22 also shows a gas mixing device 50 installed in parallel with the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. As illustrated, an inlet pipe 69 and an outlet pipe 63 are connected between the inlet member 11 and outlet member 12 of the tank 51 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, respectively. However, the inlet pipe 69 is connected to the downstream side from the connection portion between the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 63. Therefore, this inlet pipe 69 is called a downstream side inlet pipe 69. The downstream inlet pipe 69 is provided with a fan 65 for sending low calorie gas to the tank 51.

  According to such a configuration, even if the downstream inlet pipe 69 is connected to the downstream side from the connection portion with the outlet pipe 63 in the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, the low calorie gas is passed through the downstream inlet pipe 69 by the fan 65 in the tank 51. The time difference is mixed and flows out from the outlet member 12 to the outlet pipe 63. That is, since a part of the low calorie gas in which the calorie fluctuation is suppressed circulates, effective time difference mixing is performed. Then, as the length of the downstream inlet pipe 69 is increased, the time difference mixing over a longer time is realized in the tank 51.

  FIG. 23 also shows a gas mixing device 50 installed in parallel with the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. As illustrated, an outlet pipe 63 and an upstream inlet pipe 64 including a fan 65 are connected between the tank 51 and the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. That is, the upstream side inlet pipe 64 is connected to the inlet member 11 of the tank 51, and the outlet pipe 63 is connected to the outlet member 12. However, a further inlet member 70 is formed in the tank 51, and a downstream inlet pipe 69 is connected to the inlet member 70. The downstream side inlet pipe 69 is connected to the downstream side from the connection portion with the outlet pipe 63 in the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. The downstream inlet pipe 69 is provided with a fan 65 for sending low calorie gas to the tank 51. As shown in the figure, the connection positions (inlet members 11 and 70) of the upstream side inlet pipe 64 and the downstream side inlet pipe 69 to the tank 51 are close to each other.

  According to this configuration, a part of the low caloric gas is pumped into the tank 51 from the upstream side of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 through the upstream side inlet pipe 64 and at the same time through the downstream side inlet pipe 69 from the downstream side of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3. A part of the low calorie gas is pumped, mixed with time difference, and flows out from the outlet member 12 to the outlet pipe 63. That is, since a part of the low calorie gas in which the calorie fluctuation is suppressed circulates, the time difference mixing for a long time is realized in the tank 51. The longer the length of the downstream side inlet pipe 69, the longer the residence time of the gas subjected to the time difference mixing, and the more preferable time difference mixing is realized. The downstream inlet pipe 69 is connected to the inlet member 70 of the tank 51 from the downstream side of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, but instead of the downstream inlet pipe 69, the downstream side inlet pipe 69 is connected to the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 from the downstream side. You may connect the return piping connected upstream from the connection part with the upstream inlet piping 64 of the calorie gas supply piping 3. FIG.

  20 to FIG. 23, the mode of the piping connecting the gas mixing device to the low calorie gas supply facility 1 is suitable for the gas mixing devices 50 and 66 using the conventional gas holder, but the other gases described above are used. It is also possible to apply to a mixing device.

  A tank 46 of the gas mixing device 45 shown in FIG. 24 has one outlet member 12 and two types of inlet members 11 and 70. The upstream low calorie gas supply pipe 3 is connected to one inlet member 11, the downstream low calorie gas supply pipe 3 is connected to the outlet member 12, and the downstream low calorie gas supply pipe 3 is connected to the other inlet member 70. The return pipe 71 connected to is connected. The two inlet members 12, 70 are formed close to each other. A fan 65 for sending low calorie gas into the tank 46 is installed in the return pipe 71.

  According to such a configuration, a part of the low calorie gas whose calorie fluctuation is suppressed in the tank 46 is returned again to the tank 46 and again mixed with time difference, so that more preferable time difference mixing is realized. The longer the length of the return pipe 71 is, the longer the residence time of the gas mixed by time difference. The return pipe 71 is connected to the inlet member 70 of the tank 46 from the downstream side of the low calorie gas supply pipe 3, but may be connected to the upstream side of the tank 46 in the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 from the downstream side.

  24 is suitable for the gas mixing device 45 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, but the above-described gas mixing device other than the gas mixing device 45 shown in FIG. 24 is suitable for the gas mixing device 45. It is also possible to apply to.

  FIG. 25 shows a boiler facility. In this boiler facility, a boiler 73 and a low calorie gas supply facility 72 for supplying the boiler 73 with low calorie gas as fuel are disposed. The boiler 73 is used for generating steam by burning gas with a burner and using it for power generation, or for supplying steam used for other purposes.

  The low calorie gas supply facility 72 is obtained by removing the devices installed in the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 and the mixed gas supply pipe 14 on the downstream side of the gas mixing apparatus 10 from the low calorie gas supply equipment 1 shown in FIG. . That is, the low calorie gas supply facility 72 shown in FIG. 25 includes a low calorie gas supply pipe 74 that supplies the low calorie gas generated in the direct reduced iron facility S as fuel to the boiler 73. In this low calorie gas supply pipe 74, a dust collector 7 for removing dust from the low calorie gas directly sent from the reduced iron facility S, a gas mixing device 10 for primary storage of the low calorie gas, and an upstream of the gas mixing device 10. On the side and downstream side, calorific value detection devices 8 and 9 for detecting the calorific value of the low calorie gas, and a flow meter 75 for measuring the supply amount of the low caloric gas are installed. The same components as those of the low calorie gas supply facility 1 shown in FIG.

  As a gas mixing apparatus installed in the low calorie gas supply facility 72 for the boiler, not only the gas mixing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 4 but all the gas mixing apparatuses already described can be applied. The low calorie gas supply facility 72 is not provided with a dilution gas supply facility. This is desirable for the boiler to suppress the calorie fluctuation itself by the gas mixing device in order to obtain a stable output, but the calorie value which is raised by the calorie fluctuation of the low caloric gas described above causes a big problem. It is not a thing.

  In FIG. 25, only the boiler 73 is installed as a combustion facility which is a supply target of the low calorie gas by the low calorie gas supply facility 72. However, it is not limited to such a configuration. The gas turbine 2 (FIG. 1) may be installed together with the boiler 73, or another combustion facility may be provided. For example, when the gas turbine 2 and the boiler 73 shown in FIG. 1 are provided side by side, the boiler from the downstream side of the calorimeter 9 in FIG. 25 is provided in a portion between the calorimeter 9 and the flow meter 13 in the low calorie gas supply pipe 3 in FIG. What is necessary is just to connect so that the low calorie gas supply piping 74 to 73 may be branched.

  In the embodiment described above, the gas turbine and the boiler are exemplified as the combustion facility, but the combustion facility in the present invention is not limited to the gas turbine and the boiler. The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device and the low calorie gas supply facility described here can also be applied to other combustion facilities such as a heating furnace and an incinerator.

  In the above description, a configuration in which the calorie value of the low-calorie gas is suppressed and then the calorie value is lowered by the dilution gas is illustrated. However, the fuel gas supply facility of the present invention is not limited to the dilution gas supply facility, and instead of this, Or a heating gas supply facility may be provided together with the dilution gas supply facility. In short, the fuel gas supply facility described here includes the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device (gas mixing device) exemplified in the above-described embodiment. Note that the heat-increasing gas supply facility is a medium-to-high fuel gas in order to prevent the calorific value of the fuel gas from decreasing in order to adjust it within the allowable fluctuation range of the gas characteristics of the combustion facility such as a gas turbine or boiler. It is a facility that mixes caloric gas. Examples of medium / high calorie gas include natural gas and coke oven gas (COG).

In the embodiment described above, the by-product gas generated by the direct reduction iron manufacturing method is exemplified as the low calorie gas to be used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Low calorie gas includes blast furnace gas (BFG), converter gas (LDG), coal bed gas contained in the coal bed (Coal mines gas, expressed as CMG), by-product gas generated by smelting reduction iron making process, GTL (Gas-to-Liquid) Tail gas generated in the process, by-product gas generated from the oil sand during the oil refining process, gas generated by incineration of dust using plasma, general waste containing garbage Methane gas (Landfill gas) generated in the process of fermentation and decomposition in the landfill, and low calorie gas such as by-product gas generated by chemically reacting other similar raw materials. Of course, as the low calorie gas, not only the above gas alone but also two or more kinds of gases are appropriately mixed and used, and as a result of mixing the low calorie gas with medium / high calorie gas, the calorific value is about 12 MJ / Nm ³ also includes the following: By now, the gas.

  According to the present invention, when low calorie gas that can change calorie like process by-product gas is supplied as fuel gas to combustion equipment such as a gas turbine, calorie fluctuation of low calorie gas can be suppressed. Heat reduction by heat reduction or heat increasing gas can be effectively and easily performed. Further, there is a case where heat reduction by a dilution gas or heat increase by a heat-increasing gas is not necessary. It is also possible to construct an apparatus that suppresses fluctuations in gas calories by using existing gas holders.

Claims (30)

A gas mixing device for mixing fuel gas disposed in a fuel gas supply passage for supplying gas as fuel to a combustion facility;
The gas mixing device comprises:
A gas passage component having a plurality of gas passages;
An inlet member for the fuel gas to flow from the fuel gas supply passage into the gas passage constituent member;
And an outlet member formed separately from the inlet member for allowing the fuel gas to flow out from the gas passage component member to the fuel gas supply passage. Further, the gas continuously flowing in from the inlet member A gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device configured to be able to merge and flow out of the outlet member after passing through a plurality of gas passages of the gas passage constituting member with a time difference. The gas passage constituting member is composed of a first container in which a plurality of gas chambers constituting the gas passage are formed,
Each gas chamber has a gas inlet and a gas outlet,
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each gas chamber;
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each gas chamber and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, wherein a gas flow rate adjusting device capable of changing a gas flow rate is provided in each branched portion of the inlet member. The gas passage constituting member is composed of a first container in which a plurality of gas chambers constituting the gas passage are formed,
Each gas chamber has a gas inlet and a gas outlet,
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each gas chamber;
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each gas chamber and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of gas chambers have different volumes. The gas passage constituting member includes a plurality of second containers constituting the gas passage;
Each second container has a gas inlet and a gas outlet;
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each second container;
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each second container and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, wherein a gas flow rate adjusting device capable of changing a gas flow rate is provided in each branched portion of the inlet member. The gas passage constituting member includes a plurality of second containers constituting the gas passage;
Each second container has a gas inlet and a gas outlet;
The inlet member is branched and connected from the fuel gas supply passage to the gas inlet of each second container;
The outlet member is integrated from the gas outlet of each second container and connected to the fuel gas supply passage,
The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of second containers have different volumes. The gas passage constituting member is composed of a third container provided with a perforated plate in which a number of through-holes constituting the gas passage are formed.
The inlet member and the outlet member are disposed in the third container;
The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, wherein the perforated plate is arranged so as to partition the interior of the third container into a space on the inlet member side and a space on the outlet member side.   The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the perforated plates are arranged at intervals.   7. The gas calorie according to claim 6, wherein, in the porous plate, the through hole is formed in a range excluding a portion of the porous plate intersecting with a gas flow path central axis of the inlet member toward the inside of the third container and the vicinity thereof. Fluctuation suppression device.   The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the gas outlet is formed at a position deviated from an extension line of the central axis of the gas inlet. Including a gas inflow device installed at the gas inlet,
The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the gas inflow device is configured to change an inflow angle of the fuel gas into the gas passage of the gas passage constituent member. . Including a gas inflow device installed in one of the inlet member and the vicinity of the inlet member in the third container,
The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 6, wherein the gas inflow device is configured to change an inflow angle of the fuel gas into the third container.   The said gas inflow device has a variable louver, and this variable louver is at least 1 piece of louver mounted so that rocking was possible so that the inclination angle could be changed from the outside. Gas calorie fluctuation suppression device.   7. The gas calorie fluctuation suppression according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the inlet members are arranged, and the inlet member for allowing the fuel gas to flow into the third container can be selected and switched among the inlet members. apparatus.   14. The gas calorie fluctuation suppression according to claim 13, wherein a plurality of the outlet members are formed, and the outlet member for allowing the fuel gas to flow out of the tank can be selected and switched in synchronization with the switching of the inlet member. apparatus.   7. The gas calorie fluctuation according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the inlet members are formed, a flow rate adjusting device is installed in each inlet member, and the flow rate of the gas flowing through each inlet member can be changed. Suppression device.   2. The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, further comprising an inert gas supply passage connected to the gas passage constituent member for allowing an inert gas to flow into the gas passage constituent member.   2. The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, further comprising an inert gas supply passage connected to the inlet member for allowing an inert gas to flow into the gas passage constituting member.   The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the inert gas is a recovery of waste nitrogen discharged from at least one of an oxygen production plant and a nitrogen production plant.   2. The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 1, wherein a stirring device for stirring the gas is installed in the gas mixing device. An inlet gas calorific value measuring device for measuring a gas caloric value of the fuel gas, installed in one of the fuel gas supply passage connected to the inlet member and the inlet member;
The outlet gas calorific value measuring device for measuring the gas calorie value of the fuel gas, installed in one of the fuel gas supply passage connected to the outlet member and the outlet member. Gas calorie fluctuation suppression device.   Based on the measured values of the inlet gas calorific value measuring device and the outlet gas calorific value measuring device, the calorie fluctuation of the inflow gas to the gas passage constituent member is compared with the calorie fluctuation of the exhaust gas from the gas passage constituent member. 21. The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 20, further comprising a control device that controls to change the gas inflow amount into the gas passage constituting member based on the comparison result.   Based on the measured values of the inlet gas calorific value measuring device and the outlet gas calorific value measuring device, the calorie fluctuation of the inflow gas to the gas passage constituent member is compared with the calorie fluctuation of the exhaust gas from the gas passage constituent member. 21. The gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to claim 20, further comprising a control device that controls to change the gas inflow direction into the gas passage constituting member based on the comparison result. A fuel gas supply passage for supplying gas to the combustion facility as fuel;
A gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device for suppressing fluctuations in the calorific value of the fuel gas supplied through the fuel gas supply passage,
A fuel gas supply facility, wherein the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device is the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device according to any one of claims 1 to 22. In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
An outlet passage connected between the outlet member of the gas mixing device and the fuel gas supply passage;
24. The fuel gas supply facility according to claim 23, further comprising an upstream inlet passage connected between an inlet member of the gas mixing device and an upstream side of a connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage. In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
An outlet passage connected between the outlet member of the gas mixing device and the fuel gas supply passage;
A downstream inlet passage connected between an inlet member of the gas mixing device and a downstream side of a connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage;
The fuel gas supply equipment according to claim 23 or 24, further comprising a gas pressure feeding device installed in the downstream side inlet passage for pressure feeding the fuel gas toward the gas mixing device. In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
An outlet passage connected between the outlet member of the gas mixing device and the fuel gas supply passage;
An upstream inlet passage connected between the inlet member of the gas mixing device and the upstream side of the connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage;
A return passage connected between the downstream side of the connection point of the outlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage and the upstream side of the connection point of the upstream inlet passage in the fuel gas supply passage;
24. The fuel gas supply facility according to claim 23, further comprising a gas pumping device installed in the return passage for pumping the fuel gas toward the upstream fuel gas supply passage. In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
The gas mixing device has two inlet members;
A downstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to the outlet member of the gas mixing device,
An upstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to one inlet member of the gas mixing device,
A return passage connected between the other inlet member of the gas mixing device and the downstream fuel gas supply passage;
24. The fuel gas supply facility according to claim 23, further comprising a gas pumping device installed in the return passage for pumping the fuel gas toward the gas mixing device. In the gas calorie fluctuation suppressing device,
A downstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to the outlet member of the gas mixing device,
An upstream fuel gas supply passage is connected to the inlet member of the gas mixing device,
A return passage connected between a fuel gas supply passage upstream of the gas mixing device and a fuel gas supply passage downstream of the gas mixing device;
24. The fuel gas supply facility according to claim 23, further comprising a gas pumping device installed in the return passage and pumping the fuel gas from the downstream side to the upstream side of the fuel gas supply passage. The above combustion equipment;
A fuel gas supply facility for supplying gas as fuel to the combustion facility,
The combustion facility is a gas turbine,
A gas turbine facility, wherein the fuel gas supply facility is the fuel gas supply facility according to any one of claims 23 to 28. The above combustion equipment;
A fuel gas supply facility for supplying gas as fuel to the combustion facility,
The combustion facility is a boiler that burns gas with a burner,
A boiler facility, wherein the fuel gas supply facility is the fuel gas supply facility according to any one of claims 23 to 28.

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