JP4492019B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pulverizing apparatus for pulverizing straws, foam trays, PET bottles and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the garbage problem in cities has become serious. Food waste such as straw is garbage, so it is incinerated or biologically processed as the case may be. However, if it is processed as it is, energy efficiency is poor, and foam trays, plastic bottles, etc. are also recycled and used. Need to be finely crushed. As a conventional pulverizing apparatus for pulverizing such straws, foam trays, PET bottles and the like, for example, a pulverizing apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-156147 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-342988) proposed by the present applicant. There is. The conventional pulverizing apparatus will be described below.
[0003]
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of a conventional crushing device in perspective, FIG. 10A is a transparent top view of the inside of the crushing chamber during crushing in the conventional crushing device from above, and FIG. 11A is a front view of the pulverization unit, FIG. 11A is a top view of the inside of the pulverization chamber at the start of pulverization when pulverizing a hard processed product in a conventional pulverization apparatus, and FIG. It is a front view of the crushing part of (a).
[0004]
9, 10 (a), 10 (b), 11 (a), and 11 (b), 1 is an inlet for pouring straw or water, 2 is provided directly under the inlet 1, and is crushed It is the hollow structure which forms a chamber wall. Note that the soot and the like means organic matter to be ground in addition to soot in this specification. 3 is a bottom plate, 4 is a pulverized material inflow chamber provided in the lower part of the hollow structure 2, 5 is a rotating shaft that is installed perpendicularly to the center position of the hollow structure 2 and rotates at a high speed, and 6 is provided in the lower part of the pulverizer. It is a motor that is a power source for driving the rotary shaft 5. In addition, the up-down direction in this specification means up-down with respect to the vertical direction. The bottom plate 3 partitions the pulverized portion and the pulverized material inflow chamber 4 in the hollow structure 2. 7 is a discharge pipe for discharging the pulverized material attached to the outside from the pulverized material inflow chamber 4, 8 is a fixed blade attached to the inner surface of the hollow structure 2, 9 is a sink, 10 is a faucet, 11 is A rotary blade, 12 is a runner attached to the rotary shaft 5, 13 is a pin for loosely fitting the rotary blade 11 to the runner 12, and 14 is a tip blade attached to the tip of the rotary blade 11. The rotary blade 11 is attached to the runner 12 with a pin 13 and is a rotatable flexible body having a degree of freedom with the pin 13 as a rotation axis, and is extended to the inner surface of the hollow structure 2. Examples of the flexible body include chain members such as a roller chain and a chain, and elastic bodies such as a wire rope, rubber, and a spring.
[0005]
The operation of the conventional crusher configured as described above will be described below. In FIG. 9, when smashing the soot or the like, water is poured from the faucet 10, and soot and water are introduced into the hollow structure 2 from the inlet 1. Thereafter, the motor 6 is started and the rotating shaft 5 is rotated at a high speed, whereby the runner 12 and the rotary blade 11 are rotated at a high speed. It is pulverized by cutting between the blade 8 and the rotary blade 11. The crushed soot flows into the crushed material inflow chamber 4 and is discharged from the discharge pipe 7.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional pulverization apparatus as described above, the processed material is introduced between the runner 12 and the rotary blade 11 and the fixed blade 8 and the inner wall surface of the hollow structure 2 at the start of pulverization. At the same time, these processed products are sandwiched between the fixed side. If the processed material is soft and easily pulverized, the runner 12 rotates at a high speed as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, and the rotary blade 11 formed of a flexible body is caused by its own centrifugal force. When the processed product has a hardness that is not easily pulverized, such as carrots, potatoes, radish blocks, etc., it can be started to be radiated about the rotation axis 5 in a radial manner. As shown in (b), the flexible rotating blade 11 cannot extend radially, and the rotating blade 11 is rubbed by the processed material and the runner 12 by the rotation of the runner 12, and bends along the outer periphery of the runner 12. . At this time, since the outer peripheral shape of the bent rotary blade 11 is not circular, a processed object is sandwiched between the outer periphery of the rotary blade 11 and the inner wall surface of the fixed blade 8 or the hollow structure 2, resulting in a large resistance. There was a problem that the missing motor would lock.
[0007]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing device that can prevent the motor from being locked and can reduce the size of the motor.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above object, according to the present invention, a rotary blade is composed of a flexible body and a tip blade provided at the tip of the flexible body, and a disc is disposed on the upper surface of the runner so as to cover the runner. When the rotary blade is bent along the outer periphery of the runner, the rotary blade and the runner are all wound into the lower surface of the disk and housed.
[0009]
Thereby, the lock | rock of a motor can be prevented and a motor can be reduced in size.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is connected to an inlet into which a processed product is introduced and is formed by a hollow structure, and a pulverization chamber for pulverizing the introduced processed product, and a lower side of the pulverization chamber The crushed material inflow part into which the pulverized material flows in, the bottom plate separating the pulverized chamber and the pulverized material inflow chamber, the discharge pipe connected to the pulverized material inflow portion for discharging the pulverized material, and the rotation extending into the pulverizing chamber through the bottom plate A motor equipped with a shaft, a runner attached to the rotating shaft in the grinding chamber and rotating in synchronization with the rotating shaft, a rotating blade attached to the runner, and fixed to the inner wall of the hollow structure, cooperate with the rotating blade. A pulverizing apparatus provided with a fixed blade for pulverizing the processed material, wherein the rotary blade is composed of a flexible body and a tip blade provided at the tip of the flexible body, and the upper surface of the runner covers the runner. The disc is disposed and the rotating blade is the runner. When the blade is bent along the circumference, the rotating blade and runner are all caught in the lower surface of the disk and housed in the grinding device, preventing the motor from locking when the grinding device is operating. can do.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 2, runners, milling according to claim 1, wherein the support piece for loosely fitting the rotary blade rotatably disc is characterized in that a substantially circular shape projecting It is an apparatus, and when the rotary blade is bent along the runner outer periphery, the outer periphery of the rotary blade becomes substantially circular.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the invention, the runner is a plate body of the point symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis, and grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a non-line-symmetrical with respect to the rotary shaft It is an apparatus, and when the rotary blade is bent along the runner outer periphery, the outer periphery of the rotary blade becomes substantially circular.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 4 is the pulverizing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the runner is a plate having a substantially parallelogram shape with respect to the rotation axis, and the rotary blade is along the outer periphery of the runner. The outer periphery of the rotary blade becomes substantially circular when bent.
[0015]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0016]
(Embodiment 1)
A pulverizing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. 1A is a transparent top view of the inside of the grinding chamber during grinding of the grinding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber of FIG. ) Is a transparent top view of the inside of the pulverizing chamber at the start of pulverization when the hard processed material of the pulverizing apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is pulverized, and FIG. 2B is a transparent front view of the inside of the pulverizing chamber of FIG. It is. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of a conventional pulverizing device in a transparent manner, but the basic overall configuration is the same as that of the pulverizing device of the first embodiment except for the pulverizing chamber. Reference is also made in the description. Therefore, the same reference numerals as those used in the conventional crushing apparatus indicate the same members in the crushing apparatus of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0017]
1 (a), 1 (b), 2 (a), 2 (b) and 9, 1 is an inlet, 2 is a hollow structure, 3 is a bottom plate, 4 is a pulverized material inflow chamber, 5 is a rotating shaft, 6 is a motor. 7 is a discharge pipe, 8 is a fixed blade attached to the inner surface of the hollow structure 2, 9 is a sink, 10 is a faucet, 11 is a rotary blade, 12 is a runner attached to the rotary shaft 5, and 13 is a rotary blade 11. A pin 14 for loosely fitting to the runner 12, 14 is a tip blade attached to the tip of the rotary blade 11. The rotary blade 11 is attached to the runner 12 by a pin 13 and is a rotatable flexible body having a degree of freedom around the pin 13 as a rotation axis, such as a chain member such as a roller chain or a chain, a wire rope, rubber, a spring, or the like. It is comprised from the elastic body. Even if it is called a flexible body, it is desirable that it is flexible within the rotation surface and the movement in the direction of the rotation axis 5 is restricted. The tip blade 14 is a crushing impact body or blade provided at the tip of the flexible body. A disk 15 is attached to the upper end side of the rotary shaft 5 and is arranged so as to cover the upper part of the runner 12. When the rotary blade 11 rotates, it is necessary to provide a gap so that the vicinity of the pin 13 of the runner 12 and the rotary blade 11 does not come into contact with the disk 15.
[0018]
Next, the operation of the pulverizing unit of the pulverizing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 having such a structure will be described. First, in FIG. When crushing pestle or the like, the faucet of the faucet 10 is opened to flow water, and then the motor 6 is started. Along with this, the rotary shaft 5 starts to rotate, and the rotary blade 11 is rotated through the runner 12. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, when the runner 12 rotates at a high speed, the rotary blade 11 is in a state of extending radially about the rotation shaft 5 by its centrifugal force. At this time, the wrinkles and the like put into the hollow structure 2 constituting the crushing chamber are crushed by an impact received from the rotary blade 11 or by cutting between the fixed blade 8 and the rotary blade 11. The crushed soot flows into the pulverized material inflow chamber 4 through the gap between the outer periphery of the bottom plate 3 and the inner surface of the hollow structure 2, and is discharged from the discharge pipe 7.
[0019]
However, the above-mentioned operation is only a case where the thrown candy etc. is a soft one that is relatively easy to pulverize, and when the thrown cocoon etc. has a hardness that is not easily crushed, such as carrots, potatoes, radish blocks, etc. Even if the motor 6 is started, the rotary blade 11 is squeezed by the workpiece and the runner 12 and bends along the outer periphery of the runner 12 as shown in FIG. However, in the pulverizing apparatus of the first embodiment, since the disk 15 is attached to the rotating shaft 5 so as to cover the runner 12, the rotating blade 11 and the leading edge blade as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). 14 is wound around the runner 12 and can enter the lower surface of the disk 15. And since the disk 15 is circular, since it does not cause it to bite and compress a hook or the like and press it against the fixed blade 8 or the inner wall of the hollow structure 2, the motor 6 can be used even at the start of crushing. Do not lock. Since the runner 12 can rotate with little resistance due to the presence of the processed material, the rotary blade 11 gradually extends its arm from the bottom of the disk 15 due to its centrifugal force, and eventually pulverizes while extending radially.
[0020]
Thus, the crushing apparatus of Embodiment 1 can prevent the motor 6 from being locked by attaching the disc 15 to the top of the runner 12. Therefore, the motor 6 does not have to output a torque larger than necessary, and the motor 6 can be downsized.
[0021]
(Embodiment 2)
A grinding apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described. 3A is a transparent top view of the inside of the grinding chamber during grinding of the grinding device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, FIG. 3B is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber of FIG. ) Is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber at the start of grinding when grinding the hard processed material of the grinding apparatus in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber of FIG. It is. FIG. 9 is referred to in the description of the second embodiment as in the first embodiment. The same reference numerals as those used in the conventional pulverizer indicate the same members in the pulverizer of the second embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
3 (a), 3 (b), 4 (a), 4 (b) and 9, 1 is an inlet, 2 is a hollow structure, 3 is a bottom plate, 4 is a pulverized material inflow chamber, 5 is a rotating shaft, 6 is a motor, 7 is a discharge pipe, 8 is a fixed blade, 9 is a sink, 10 is a faucet, 11 is a rotary blade, 12 is a runner, 13 is a pin, and 14 is a tip blade. The rotary blade 11 is attached to the runner 12 with a pin 13 and is a rotatable flexible body having a degree of freedom with the pin 13 as a rotation axis. The runner 12 is fixed to the rotating shaft 5 and rotates in synchronization with the motor 6. The shape of the runner 12 is substantially circular, and a support piece having a through hole into which the pin 13 is loosely fitted protrudes from the outer periphery of the disk.
[0023]
Next, the operation of the pulverizing unit of the pulverizing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 having such a structure will be described. When the processed material is relatively easily pulverized, the runner 12 rotates at a high speed as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, and the rotary blade 11 extends radially around the rotating shaft 5 to pulverize wrinkles and the like. Do. However, in the case where the cocoon or the like has a hardness that is not easily crushed, such as carrots, potatoes, and radish blocks, the rotary blade 11 is seized by the processed material and the runner 12 even when the motor 6 is started. ) And bends along the outer periphery of the runner 12. However, in the crusher of Embodiment 2, since the runner 12 is substantially circular, the outer peripheral shape of the bent rotary blade 11 is substantially circular as shown in FIGS. The unevenness of is eliminated. For this reason, since there is no part which bites a hook etc. and presses against the fixed blade 8 or the inner wall of the hollow structure 2, the motor 6 is not locked even at the start of crushing. Since the runner 12 is rotatable, the rotary blade 11 gradually extends from the outer surface of the runner 12 due to its centrifugal force and begins to extend its arm, and eventually pulverizes while extending radially. It is also preferable to install the disk 15 of the first embodiment together.
[0024]
Thus, the crusher of Embodiment 2 can prevent the motor 6 from being locked by making the shape of the runner 12 into a substantially disk shape. Therefore, the motor 6 does not have to output a torque larger than necessary, and the motor 6 can be downsized.
[0025]
(Embodiment 3)
A grinding apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 (a) is a transparent top view of the inside of the grinding chamber during grinding of the grinding device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, FIG. 5 (b) is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber of FIG. ) Is a top view of the inside of the pulverization chamber at the start of pulverization when pulverizing the hard processed material of the pulverization apparatus in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a perspective front view of the inside of the pulverization chamber of FIG. is there. FIG. 9 is referred to in the description of the third embodiment as in the first embodiment. The same reference numerals as those used in the conventional pulverizer indicate the same members in the pulverizer of Embodiment 3, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0026]
5 (a), 5 (b), 6 (a), 6 (b) and 9, 1 is an inlet, 2 is a hollow structure, 3 is a bottom plate, 4 is a pulverized material inflow chamber, 5 is a rotating shaft, 6 is a motor, 7 is a discharge pipe, 8 is a fixed blade, 9 is a sink, 10 is a faucet, 11 is a rotary blade, 12 is a runner, 13 is a pin, and 14 is a tip blade. The rotary blade 11 is attached to the runner 12 with a pin 13 and is a rotatable flexible body having a degree of freedom with the pin 13 as a rotation axis. The runner 12 is fixed to the rotating shaft 5 and rotates in synchronization with the motor 6. The runner 12 is fixed to the rotating shaft 5 and rotates in synchronization with the motor 6. The shape seen from above the runner 12 is a substantially parallelogram with respect to the rotating shaft 5, and a support piece having a through hole for loosely fitting the pin 13 is projected from the outer periphery of the substantially parallelogram plate.
[0027]
Next, the operation of the pulverizing unit of the pulverizing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 having such a structure will be described. When the processed material is relatively easily pulverized, the runner 12 rotates at a high speed as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, and the rotary blade 11 extends radially around the rotating shaft 5 to pulverize wrinkles and the like. Do. However, in the case where the bag has a hardness that is not easily pulverized, such as carrots, potatoes, and radish blocks, the rotating blade 11 is seized by the processed material and the runner 12 even when the motor 6 is started. ) And bends along the outer periphery of the runner 12. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, since the runner 12 is a substantially parallelogram, the outer peripheral shape of the bent rotary blade 11 is substantially circular and has no irregularities. For this reason, since there is no portion that bites the ridge and presses against the fixed blade 8 or the inner wall of the hollow structure 2, the motor 6 does not lock even at the start of pulverization. In order to approximate the most circular shape, it is preferable that the difference in the length of the diagonal line between the corner where the pin 13 is provided and the remaining two corners is the width of the rotary blade 11. It is also preferable that to set up together a circular plate 15 of the first embodiment.
[0028]
Thus, the crushing apparatus of Embodiment 3 can prevent the motor 6 from being locked by making the shape of the runner 12 into a substantially parallelogram. Therefore, the motor 6 does not have to output a torque larger than necessary, and the motor 6 can be downsized.
[0029]
(Embodiment 4)
A grinding apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7A is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber during grinding by the grinding apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, FIG. 7B is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber of FIG. ) Is a transparent top view of the inside of the pulverizing chamber at the start of pulverization when pulverizing the hard processed material of the pulverizing apparatus in Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 8B is a transparent front view of the inside of the pulverizing chamber of FIG. It is. FIG. 9 is referred to in the description of the fourth embodiment as in the first embodiment. The same reference numerals as those used in the conventional pulverizer indicate the same members in the pulverizer of the fourth embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0030]
The crushing device of the fourth embodiment is different from the crushing device of the third embodiment only in the shape of the runner 12. That is, the runner 12 in the fourth embodiment is a plate having a shape viewed from above that is a point-symmetric plate with respect to the rotation axis 5 and is non-axisymmetric, and has a through-hole for loosely fitting the pin 13. Is projected from the outer periphery of this point-symmetric plate.
[0031]
Next, the operation of the pulverizing unit of the pulverizing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 having such a structure will be described. When the processed material is relatively easily pulverized, the runner 12 rotates at a high speed as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, and the rotary blade 11 extends radially around the rotation shaft 5 to pulverize wrinkles and the like. Do. However, in the case where the bag has a hardness that is not easily crushed, such as carrots, potatoes, and radish blocks, the rotating blade 11 is seized by the processed material and the runner 12 even when the motor 6 is started. ) And bends along the outer periphery of the runner 12. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, since the runner 12 is a point-symmetric plate, the outer peripheral shape of the bent rotary blade 11 is substantially circular and has no irregularities. For this reason, since there is no portion that bites the ridge or the like and presses against the fixed blade 8 or the inner wall of the hollow structure 2, the motor 6 is not locked even at the start of pulverization. It is also preferable to install the disk 15 of the first embodiment together.
[0032]
Thus, the crusher of Embodiment 4 can prevent the motor 6 from being locked by making the shape of the runner 12 point-symmetric. Therefore, the motor 6 does not have to output a torque larger than necessary, and the motor 6 can be downsized.
[0033]
(Embodiment 5)
In the pulverizing apparatus according to the first to fourth embodiments described above, the pestle or the like is used as a processed material. However, the pulverizing apparatus according to the fifth embodiment uses an object to be pulverized other than the jar as a processing tray such as a firing tray or a plastic bottle. It is a crushing device applied to crushing. Since the processed material changes, for example, it is necessary to change the rotary blade 11 and the tip member (impact body) of the rotary blade 11 for a firing tray or a plastic bottle. There is no change. Similar to the crushing apparatus of the first to fourth embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b) to 8 (a), (b), the crushing apparatus of the fifth embodiment attaches the disc 15; By making the shape of the runner 12 into a substantially disc, a substantially parallelogram, or a point-symmetrical shape, the motor can be prevented from being locked during the operation of the crushing device, and the motor can be downsized.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the disk is disposed so as to cover the runner and the rotary blade, or the shape of the runner is made to be a substantially disk, a substantially parallelogram, or a point-symmetrical shape. The motor can be prevented from locking during operation, and the motor can be downsized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a perspective top view of a pulverization chamber inside a pulverizing apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a perspective front view of the pulverization chamber in FIG. 2A. FIG. 3B is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber at the start of grinding when grinding the hard processed material of the grinding apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the invention. FIG. 3A is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber. FIG. 4B is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber during grinding of the grinding apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber of FIG. 4A. FIG. 5B is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber at the start of grinding when grinding the hard processed product of the grinding device. FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the inside of the grinding chamber. FIG. 6 (a) is a perspective front view of the inside of the crushing chamber of FIG. 6 (a). 7 is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber at the start of grinding when grinding the hard processed material of the grinding apparatus in Embodiment 3. FIG. 7A is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber. FIG. 8B is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber during grinding of the grinding device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 8A is a perspective front view of the inside of the grinding chamber of FIG. 8A. FIG. 9 is a perspective top view of the inside of the grinding chamber at the start of grinding when grinding the hard processed material. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the inside of the grinding chamber in FIG. FIG. 10A is a perspective top view of the inside of a crushing chamber during crushing in a conventional crushing apparatus from above. FIG. 10B is a front view of the crushing portion of FIG. 11A. FIG. Top view (b) of looking into the inside of the crushing chamber at the start of crushing when crushing the hard processed material in the apparatus (b) ( Front view of the grinding zone of) [Description of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input port 2 Hollow structure 3 Bottom plate 4 Ground material inflow chamber 5 Rotating shaft 6 Motor 7 Discharge pipe 8 Fixed blade 9 Sink 10 Water faucet 11 Rotating blade 12 Runner 13 Pin 14 Tip blade 15 Disc

Claims (4)

A pulverization chamber that is connected to an inlet into which a processed product is introduced and is formed by a hollow structure, pulverizes the introduced processed product, and a pulverized material inflow portion that is formed below the pulverization chamber and into which the pulverized product flows. A bottom plate that partitions the pulverization chamber and the pulverized material inflow chamber; a discharge pipe that is connected to the pulverized material inflow portion to discharge the pulverized material; A runner attached to the rotating shaft in the crushing chamber and rotating in synchronization with the rotating shaft; a rotating blade attached to the runner; and an inner wall of the hollow structure, and cooperating with the rotating blade. A pulverizing apparatus provided with a fixed blade for pulverizing the processed material, wherein the rotary blade is composed of a flexible body and a tip blade provided at the tip of the flexible body, A disc is placed over the Is the the rotary blade when flexed along the runner periphery, the milling apparatus characterized in that the said rotary blade runner is housed all involved in the lower surface of the disc. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the runner has a substantially circular shape in which a supporting piece for loosely fitting the rotary blade to a disc is protruded . The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the runner is a plate body that is point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis, and is non-axisymmetric with respect to the rotation axis . Milling equipment according to claim 3, wherein the runner is substantially parallelogram plate bodies with respect to the rotation axis.

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