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JP4495404B2 - Methods for separating viruses from protein solutions by nanofiltration - Google Patents
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JP4495404B2 - Methods for separating viruses from protein solutions by nanofiltration - Google Patents

Methods for separating viruses from protein solutions by nanofiltration Download PDF

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JP4495404B2
JP4495404B2 JP2003069923A JP2003069923A JP4495404B2 JP 4495404 B2 JP4495404 B2 JP 4495404B2 JP 2003069923 A JP2003069923 A JP 2003069923A JP 2003069923 A JP2003069923 A JP 2003069923A JP 4495404 B2 JP4495404 B2 JP 4495404B2
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nanofiltration
protein
fibrinogen
methods
pore size
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JP2003274941A (en
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トーマス・レングスフェルト
ハインリッヒ・シュナイダー
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ツェー・エス・エル・ベーリング・ゲー・エム・ベー・ハー
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K1/00General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
    • C07K1/14Extraction; Separation; Purification
    • C07K1/34Extraction; Separation; Purification by filtration, ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Disinfection or sterilisation of materials or objects, in general; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02Disinfection or sterilisation of materials or objects, in general; Accessories therefor using physical processes
    • A61L2/022Filtration
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2103/00Materials or objects being the target of disinfection or sterilisation
    • A61L2103/05Living organisms or biological materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y5/00Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Description

【0001】
本発明は、実質的に完全なウイルスの分離を可能とするタンパク溶液のナノろ過に関する。
【0002】
小タンパク分子の場合、ナノろ過はウイルスを取り除くのに非常に有効な方法である。この点で言えば、フィルターの細孔径は、取り除かれるべきウイルスの実際の直径より小さくなければならない。さらに、ナノろ過を実施する場合、温度、材料の特性および緩衝作用条件が極めて重要である。以前の研究により、パルボウイルスが15nmの細孔直径を有するフィルターを使用して確実に取り除き得ることはすでに示されていた。ナノろ過はまた、フィルター、例えば、効果的であることが証明されているViresolve 70、 Planova 15NおよびPall Ultipor DV20を用いてA型肝炎ウイルスおよびパルボウイルスを第IX因子調製物から分離することにすでに使用されていた。しかし、血液凝固第IX因子は56kDaの低分子量を有し、したがって、ナノろ過のために使用される膜によっては保持されない。しかし、巨大タンパク質(例えばフィブリノーゲン、フォンビルブラント因子および第VIII因子は、15〜35nmの大きさの節を有するナノフィルターによってそのタンパク質をろ過してウイルスを除去するにはあまりにも大きすぎると考えられていた。
【0003】
フィブリノーゲンは、340kDaの六量体(a2b2g2)の糖タンパク質である。天然のニワトリのフィブリノーゲンの結晶構造は、46nmの長さを示す。顕微鏡計測では、フィブリノーゲンが47.5nmの長さおよび6.5nmの大きさの節をもつ3節構造を有することを示している。さらに水和は、フィブリノーゲン分子の大きさの増大を導く。このために、フィブリノーゲンのためのろ過法は、35nmのフィルターの細孔径について記載されているだけであった。これらの方法は、細孔径が35nmである場合、比較的小さいA型肝炎ウイルスのような外膜をもたないウイルスおよびパルボウイルスを取り除くことができないという不都合がある。したがって、A型肝炎ウイルスまたはパルボウイルスも同様に取り除くために用いることができる20nm以下の細孔径を有するナノフィルターがたとえ利用可能であっても、現在までこれらのフィルターをフィブリノーゲンを精製する場合に使用することは不可能であった。なぜなら、この後者の分子はその細孔径に対してはあまりに大きすぎると考えられるからである(Roberts, P., Vox Sang, 1995; 69: 82-83)。
【0004】
しかしナノろ過は、タンパク溶液からウイルスを取り除くのに特に穏やかな方法であり、そしてタンパク質の生物学的活性度はこの点で十分に保持されるため、ここに示された目的は、ナノろ過によってタンパク溶液からウイルスを取り除く方法を発展させることにあり、この方法は、ナノろ過のためにより大容積のタンパク分子でも使用し得るようにすることである。
【0005】
本目的は、アルギニン、グアニジン、シトルリン、尿素もしくはそれらの誘導体からなる群からのカオトロピック物質またはポリエトキシソルビタンエステル群からの化合物が、タンパク分子の会合または上記タンパク分子周囲の水和物の被覆の形成を減少または予防するためにナノろ過前にタンパク溶液に添加され、次いで上記溶液が15と25nmとの間の細孔径を有するフィルターを通してろ過されることにより達成される。
【0006】
本方法は、ウイルスをフィブリノーゲン溶液からまたは血液凝固因子、例えば第VIII因子)の溶液から分離することに特に適している。
本方法は室温で実施することができ、熱ストレスおよびそれと関連するタンパク分子の生物学的活性度の損失を招くことが避けられる。このようにして、200〜340kDaの分子量を有するタンパク質を15〜25nmの細孔径を使用してウイルスを含まないものとすることを可能とする。特に、18〜26nmの球状の粒径を有するパルボウイルス科のメンバーならびに6〜17nmの直径および約48nmの長さの桿菌形の構造を有するA型肝炎ウイルスを取り除くことができる。
【0007】
これに加えて、本発明によるろ過法は、非常に成功裡に従来の低温殺菌法と組み合わせることができ、ウイルスの除去をなおさらに増大させる結果を生じる。本発明による方法のために使用されるナノフィルターは市販されており、例えば、とりわけ、名称DV-15およびDV-20で購入することができる。
【0008】
添付の図1は、ナノろ過によって得られるウイルスを含まないフィブリノーゲン溶液の量が、一方はフィルターの細孔径に、そして他方はアルギニン一塩酸塩の添加にどれほど依存するかを示している。アルギニン一塩酸塩が添加される場合、細孔径が15nmだけである場合でも、満足な量のフィブリノーゲンのろ液が得られることを示すことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】ナノろ過によって得られるウイルスを含まないフィブリノーゲン溶液の量がフィルターの細孔径と添加されたアルギニン一塩酸塩にどれほど依存するかを示す。
[0001]
The present invention relates to nanofiltration of protein solutions that allow for substantially complete virus isolation.
[0002]
For small protein molecules, nanofiltration is a very effective method for removing viruses. In this regard, the pore size of the filter must be smaller than the actual diameter of the virus to be removed. Furthermore, when performing nanofiltration, temperature, material properties and buffering conditions are extremely important. Previous studies have already shown that parvovirus can be reliably removed using a filter with a pore diameter of 15 nm. Nanofiltration has also already been used to separate hepatitis A and parvoviruses from factor IX preparations using filters such as Viresolve 70, Planova 15N and Pall Ultipor DV20 which have proven effective. It was used. However, blood coagulation factor IX has a low molecular weight of 56 kDa and is therefore not retained by the membrane used for nanofiltration. However, large proteins (eg, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and factor VIII are considered too large to filter out the protein through a nanofilter having a node size of 15-35 nm to remove the virus. It was.
[0003]
Fibrinogen is a 340 kDa hexameric (a 2 b 2 g 2 ) glycoprotein. The crystal structure of natural chicken fibrinogen exhibits a length of 46 nm. Microscopic measurements show that fibrinogen has a three-node structure with a length of 47.5 nm and a size of 6.5 nm. Furthermore, hydration leads to an increase in the size of the fibrinogen molecule. For this reason, the filtration method for fibrinogen was only described for the pore size of the 35 nm filter. These methods have the disadvantage that when the pore size is 35 nm, viruses having no outer membrane such as hepatitis A virus and parvovirus cannot be removed. Thus, to date, these filters have been used to purify fibrinogen even if nanofilters with a pore size of 20 nm or less can be used to remove hepatitis A virus or parvovirus as well. It was impossible to do. This is because this latter molecule is considered too large for its pore size (Roberts, P., Vox Sang, 1995; 69: 82-83).
[0004]
However, nanofiltration is a particularly gentle method for removing viruses from protein solutions, and the biological activity of proteins is well preserved in this respect, so the objective presented here is The goal is to develop a method for removing viruses from protein solutions, which would allow the use of larger volumes of protein molecules for nanofiltration.
[0005]
The purpose of the present invention is that a compound from the group consisting of arginine, guanidine, citrulline, urea or derivatives thereof or a compound from the group of polyethoxysorbitan esters forms an association of protein molecules or a coating of hydrates around the protein molecules. This is accomplished by adding to the protein solution prior to nanofiltration to reduce or prevent the, and then filtering the solution through a filter having a pore size between 15 and 25 nm.
[0006]
The method is particularly suitable for separating viruses from fibrinogen solutions or from solutions of blood clotting factors, such as factor VIII.
The method can be carried out at room temperature and avoids incurring heat stress and the associated loss of biological activity of the protein molecule. In this way, a protein having a molecular weight of 200-340 kDa can be made free of viruses using a pore size of 15-25 nm. In particular, parvoviridae members having a spherical particle size of 18-26 nm and hepatitis A virus having a gonococcal structure with a diameter of 6-17 nm and a length of about 48 nm can be removed.
[0007]
In addition to this, the filtration method according to the invention can be very successfully combined with conventional pasteurization methods, resulting in a still further increase in virus removal. The nanofilters used for the method according to the invention are commercially available and can be purchased, for example, under the names DV-15 and DV-20, among others.
[0008]
The attached FIG. 1 shows how the amount of virus-free fibrinogen solution obtained by nanofiltration depends on the pore size of one and the other on the addition of arginine monohydrochloride. When arginine monohydrochloride is added, it can be shown that a satisfactory amount of fibrinogen filtrate can be obtained even if the pore size is only 15 nm.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows how the amount of virus-free fibrinogen solution obtained by nanofiltration depends on the pore size of the filter and the added arginine monohydrochloride.

Claims (3)

アルギニン、グアニジン、シトルリン、尿素からなる群からのカオトロピック物質が、タンパク分子の会合を減少または防止するためにナノろ過前にタンパク溶液に添加され、そして上記溶液が15と25nmとの間の細孔径を有するフィルターに通されることを特徴とする、ナノろ過によってフィブリノーゲンの溶液からウイルスを分離する方法。A chaotropic substance from the group consisting of arginine, guanidine, citrulline, urea is added to the protein solution before nanofiltration to reduce or prevent the association of protein molecules, and the solution has a pore size between 15 and 25 nm. A method for separating viruses from a solution of fibrinogen by nanofiltration, characterized by being passed through a filter having ナノろ過が室温で実施されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the nanofiltration is performed at room temperature. ナノろ過に加えて、タンパク溶液を低温殺菌法に付する請求項1または2に記載の方法。The method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the protein solution is subjected to pasteurization in addition to nanofiltration.
JP2003069923A 2002-03-15 2003-03-14 Methods for separating viruses from protein solutions by nanofiltration Expired - Lifetime JP4495404B2 (en)

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DE10211632.6 2002-03-15

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AU2003200981A1 (en) 2003-10-02
US7919592B2 (en) 2011-04-05
JP2003274941A (en) 2003-09-30
DK1348445T3 (en) 2013-07-01
CA2421681C (en) 2012-01-03
US20030232969A1 (en) 2003-12-18
KR100998158B1 (en) 2010-12-06
NO326670B1 (en) 2009-01-26
EP1348445B1 (en) 2013-04-10
CA2421681A1 (en) 2003-09-15
KR20030074461A (en) 2003-09-19
NO20031066L (en) 2003-09-16
NO20031066D0 (en) 2003-03-07
AU2003200981B2 (en) 2008-11-20
EP1348445A1 (en) 2003-10-01
DE10211632A1 (en) 2003-10-09

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