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JP4496050B2 - Manufacturing method of dental prosthesis processing block - Google Patents
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JP4496050B2 - Manufacturing method of dental prosthesis processing block - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of dental prosthesis processing block Download PDF

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JP4496050B2
JP4496050B2 JP2004274060A JP2004274060A JP4496050B2 JP 4496050 B2 JP4496050 B2 JP 4496050B2 JP 2004274060 A JP2004274060 A JP 2004274060A JP 2004274060 A JP2004274060 A JP 2004274060A JP 4496050 B2 JP4496050 B2 JP 4496050B2
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梅津義一
廣澤克壽
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Description

本発明は歯科補綴物加工用ブロックの製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis processing block.

現在のCAD/CAM装置に代表される自動計測及び自動加工手段を用いることにより、精密な歯科や医師の補綴物、その他の歯科材、医科材、各種模倣材、被計測物に同一、類似あるいは対応したものに加工する被加工物の一例として、セラミックスブロックについて述べる。一般に、このセラミックスブロックは、粘土鉱物、長石、石英を原料としこれのいずれかあるいは2種以上混合した材料の内一種類から一個体を作成する。
しかし、上記原料の組み合わせだけのセラミックスでは曲げ強度に限界があり、その加工物も使用環境によっては容易に破折してしまう。
また、曲げ強度の高い別の材料(例 : アルミナ)を用いた場合、高強度のため切削加工が困難になるなどのデメリットが生じる。加えて、破折しない程度の強度まで上げることは可能だが、色あいや失透性などの見た目によって利用範囲が狭まれてしまう。
例えば、長石を原料として作成した歯科医療用のセラミックスでは、天然歯より曲げ強度が低く、加工後に臨床で用いた際に破折することがある。また、CAD/CAM装置に代表される自動計測及び自動加工手段を用いて曲げ強度の高いアルミナブロックを加工しようとすると、切削工具の消耗が激しく、時には破損する場合もある。
特開2004−507316号公報 特開2003−47622号公報
By using the automatic measurement and automatic processing means represented by the current CAD / CAM equipment, it is the same, similar or similar to precision dentistry and doctor's prosthetics, other dental materials, medical materials, various imitation materials, and measured objects A ceramic block will be described as an example of a workpiece to be processed into a corresponding one. In general, this ceramic block is made of a clay mineral, feldspar, and quartz as raw materials, and one individual is made from one of these materials or a mixture of two or more of them.
However, there is a limit to the bending strength of ceramics with only a combination of the above raw materials, and the processed product can be easily broken depending on the use environment.
In addition, when another material having high bending strength (eg, alumina) is used, there are disadvantages such as difficult cutting due to high strength. In addition, it is possible to increase the strength to such an extent that it will not break, but the range of use will be narrowed depending on the appearance such as hue and devitrification.
For example, dental ceramics made from feldspars have lower bending strength than natural teeth and may break when used clinically after processing. Further, when an alumina block having a high bending strength is to be processed using an automatic measurement and automatic processing means represented by a CAD / CAM apparatus, the cutting tool is heavily consumed and sometimes damaged.
JP 2004-507316 A JP 2003-47622 A

本発明では、コンピューター制御による自動計測及びこの計測情報に基づく自動加工を行う装置、CAD/CAM装置に代表される自動計測及び自動加工手段を用いて加工可能で、審美性のある、曲げ強度の高いセラミックスあるいは陶材を得ることを課題とする。   In the present invention, an apparatus that performs automatic measurement by computer control and automatic processing based on this measurement information, and can be processed using automatic measurement and automatic processing means represented by a CAD / CAM apparatus, and has an aesthetic and bending strength. The object is to obtain high ceramics or porcelain.

即ち本発明は、ネフェリンサイアナイトと大平長石からなる陶磁器用材料にカルシアとイットリアを添加することで曲げ強度を上昇させたセラミックスを提案することにより、容易に加工でき、審美性が有り、曲げ強度の高い歯科補綴物を実現する In other words, the present invention proposes a ceramic whose bending strength is increased by adding calcia and yttria to a ceramic material made of nepheline syanite and Ohira feldspar , which can be easily processed, has aesthetics, and has bending strength. A high-quality dental prosthesis is realized .

本発明では、ネフェリンサイアナイトと大平長石からなる陶磁器用材料にカルシアとイットリアを所要量入れることで強度が改善し、上記材料特有の審美性と加工の容易性を持った、曲げ強度の高いセラミックス加工物を作ることができる。
一般にセラミックスブロックは、非加熱あるいは少なくとも1回以上加熱処理された材料を成型し焼成させてなる。このいかなる材料の前処理においても、材料にカルシアとイットリアを所要量(好ましくはカルシア0.05%〜1%、イットリア0.15%〜1%)添加することで、加工物の曲げ強度を上昇させることが可能である。
上記のカルシア・イットリアの比や量の範囲以外をセラミックスの材料に添加すると、強度を上昇させる結晶が生えず、高強度は望めない。また、上記以上の割合で添加すると、透明性や切削性などのセラミックスの性質を損なう。
一般的にカルシアはセラミックスに添加することで融点を下げ、イットリアは融点を上げ、添加するカルシアとイットリアのバランスで融点が変わる。焼成温度によりセラミックスの強度は変化するため、添加量によって最適な焼成温度がある。
例えば、非加熱の粘土鉱物と長石を混合した材料にカルシアとイットリアを添加することで、そのセラミックスと加工物の曲げ強度が上昇する。この場合、審美性に関与する透明性を有する粘土鉱物と長石の混合比率での材料にカルシアとイットリアを添加しても、加工物は失透することはない。さらに、材料に色粉を添加しセラミックスを加工した場合、カルシア・イットリア添加による曲げ強度の上昇に影響はない。この曲げ強度の上昇は、カルシアとイットリアを両方添加することで効果が有り、カルシアのみ及びイットリアのみでは望ましい効果は得られない。
また、上記粘土鉱物と長石を混合した材料にカルシアとイットリアを添加し、オーバーメルトするフリット処理を行うと、その材料を粉砕した材料粉から作製したセラミックは、フリット処理とカルシア・イットリア添加の相乗効果で曲げ強度が上昇する。この場合、上記の非加熱材料と同様に失透することはなく、また、フリット処理後に色粉を添加してもカルシア・イットリア添加による曲げ強度の上昇に影響は無い。
In the present invention, the strength is improved by adding a required amount of calcia and yttria to the ceramic material made of nepheline syanite and Ohira feldspar, and the ceramic has high bending strength and has aesthetic properties and ease of processing unique to the above materials. You can make a workpiece.
In general, a ceramic block is formed by molding and firing a material that has not been heated or heat-treated at least once. In any pre-treatment of this material, the required amount of calcia and yttria (preferably calcia 0.05% to 1%, yttria 0.15% to 1%) can be added to the material to increase the bending strength of the workpiece. It is.
If a range other than the above-mentioned calcia / yttria ratio and amount is added to the ceramic material, crystals that increase the strength do not grow, and high strength cannot be expected. Moreover, when it adds in the ratio more than the above, the property of ceramics, such as transparency and machinability, will be impaired.
Generally, calcia is added to ceramics to lower the melting point, yttria raises the melting point, and the melting point changes depending on the balance between added calcia and yttria. Since the strength of the ceramic varies depending on the firing temperature, there is an optimum firing temperature depending on the amount added.
For example, the addition of calcia and yttria to a mixture of unheated clay mineral and feldspar increases the bending strength of the ceramic and workpiece. In this case, even if calcia and yttria are added to the material in the mixing ratio of the clay mineral and feldspar having transparency involved in aesthetics, the processed product is not devitrified. Further, when colored powder is added to the material and the ceramic is processed, there is no effect on the increase in bending strength due to the addition of calcia yttria. This increase in bending strength is effective when both calcia and yttria are added, and a desirable effect cannot be obtained with calcia alone or yttria alone.
Further, the material mixed with the clay mineral and feldspar was added calcia and yttria, when the frit process of over melt, ceramics made from a material powder obtained by pulverizing the material, the frit process and calcia-yttria additives Flexural strength increases due to a synergistic effect. In this case, devitrification does not occur as in the case of the non-heated material, and addition of colored powder after the frit treatment does not affect the increase in bending strength due to the addition of calcia yttria.

また、このフリット処理の仕方は、
1.( 所要量のカルシア・イットリアを添加してフリット処理して作製)、
2.( 所要量以上のカルシア・イットリアを添加してフリット処理し、無添加のフリット処理材料と混合し作製 )、
3.( 所要量以上のカルシアとイットリアを別々に添加した材料を別々にフリット処理し、無添加のフリット処理と混合し作製 )、いずれもカルシア・イットリア添加の効果で曲げ強度が上昇する。(フリット処理とは、材料をオーバーメルトする温度で焼成することで、不純物の除去等の効果がある。)
The frit processing method is
1. (Made by adding the required amount of calcia yttria and frit processing),
2. (Additional amount of calcia yttria added and frit processed, mixed with additive-free frit processed material),
3. (Materials with separately added calcia and yttria separately from the required amount are separately frit-treated and mixed with additive-free frit treatment), both of which increase the bending strength due to the addition of calcia-yttria. (The frit treatment is effective in removing impurities by firing at a temperature at which the material is overmelted.)

以上詳述のごとく本発明は、ネフェリンサイアナイトと大平長石からなる陶磁器用材料とした、CAD/CAMを用いた歯科用加工装置を用いて研削などの加工を施して歯科用の補綴物を得るためのブロックは、材料にカルシアとイットリアを所要量添加することにより、上記加工装置を用いて加工可能で、審美性も有した上で、曲げ強度の高い歯科用の補綴物を得ることができる等の効果を有する。 As described in detail above, the present invention provides a dental prosthesis by performing processing such as grinding using a dental processing apparatus using CAD / CAM, which is a ceramic material made of nepheline sianite and Ohira feldspar. For this purpose, by adding the required amount of calcia and yttria to the material, it can be processed using the above-described processing apparatus, and also has aesthetic properties, and can obtain a dental prosthesis with high bending strength. It has effects such as.

本発明は、ネフェリンサイアナイトと大平長石からなる陶磁器用材料にカルシアとイットリアを所要量添加することで、これを用いて作製されるセラミックスを、加工が容易で審美性も高いまま、曲げ強度を上げることができる。
また、天然歯は透明性も有り、複雑な形状をし、かつ高強度を有する。本発明における曲げ強度の高いセラミックスは、天然歯に近い審美性を持ち、口腔内でも破折しない補綴物を容易に作製できる。
本発明におけるセラミックスの加工は、セラミックスブロックを研削、切削の内、何れか一方、又は両方を順番に又は一度に行ってもよい。
The present invention adds a required amount of calcia and yttria to a ceramic material made of nepheline sianite and Ohira feldspar. Can be raised.
Natural teeth are also transparent, have complex shapes, and have high strength. The ceramic with high bending strength according to the present invention has an aesthetic property close to that of natural teeth, and can easily produce a prosthesis that does not break even in the oral cavity.
In the processing of the ceramic in the present invention, either or both of grinding and cutting of the ceramic block may be performed in order or at a time.

以下に実施例を示し、本発明に関して具体的に説明する。
この実施例で使用した材料の組成は、ネフェリンサイアナイト65%、大平長石35%、とした。
この材料の添加物混合や加工後に、バインダー(ポリビニルアルコール1.5%)を混合してできた粉末を、成形、焼成、加工した。このサンプルを(株)島津製作所製オートグラフを用いて、ヘッドスピード0.5mm/minで3点曲げ強度試験を行い、曲げ強度を計測した。
Examples will be shown below, and the present invention will be specifically described.
The composition of the material used in this example was 65% nepheline sianite and 35% Ohira feldspar.
After mixing and processing the additive of this material, a powder obtained by mixing a binder (polyvinyl alcohol 1.5%) was molded, fired and processed. This sample was subjected to a three-point bending strength test using an autograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation at a head speed of 0.5 mm / min, and the bending strength was measured.

実施例1
無添加サンプルとカルシア・イットリア添加サンプルの比較

主原料にバインダーを混合し、成型、焼成、加工したサンプル1.、主原料にカルシア2%、イットリア5%を添加し充分に攪拌した原料にバインダーを混合し、成型、焼成、加工したサンプル2.を作製した。3点曲げ試験の結果、サンプル1.は103MPa、サンプル2.は109MPaだった。この比較より、カルシアとイットリアを添加したことで曲げ強度が上昇したことが分かる。
サンプル2.を、歯科補綴物計測加工装置(CADIM(登録商標)アドバンス社製)で研削、切削等の加工処理をしたところ、特に問題なく加工が出来た。
Example 1
Comparison of no additive sample and calcia yttria added sample

Samples made by mixing a binder with the main ingredients, molding, firing, and processing 1. Sample that was molded, baked and processed by mixing 2% calcia and 5% yttria into the main material and mixing the well-stirred material. Was made. As a result of the three-point bending test, sample 1. Is 103 MPa, sample 2. Was 109MPa. From this comparison, it can be seen that the addition of calcia and yttria increased the bending strength.
Sample 2. Was processed with a dental prosthesis measuring and processing apparatus (CADIM (registered trademark) Advance Co., Ltd.), such as grinding and cutting.

実施例2
フリット処理を行った、無添加サンプルとカルシア・イットリア添加サンプルの比較主原料を1300℃でオーバーメルト(以下フリット処理)して不純物を取り除いた後に粉砕し、バインダーを混合し、成型、焼成、加工したサンプル3.、主原料にカルシア2%、イットリア5%を添加し充分に攪拌した原料を1300℃でフリット処理して不純物を取り除いた後に粉砕し、バインダーを混合し、成型、焼成、加工したサンプル4.を作製した。3点曲げ試験の結果、サンプル3.は121MPa、サンプル4.は127MPaだった。この比較より、材料をフリット処理した場合でも、曲げ強度におけるカルシアとイットリアを添加による優位性が見られる。曲げ強度が上昇したことが分かる。
サンプル4.を歯科補綴物計測加工装置(CADIM(登録商標)アドバンス社製)で研削、切削等の加工処理をしたところ、特に問題なく加工が出来た。
Example 2
Comparison of frit-treated non-added sample and calcia / yttria-added sample The main raw material was overmelted at 1300 ° C (hereinafter frit-treated) to remove impurities, then pulverized, mixed with binder, molded, fired, processed Sample 3 Samples that were made by adding 2% calcia and 5% yttria to the main ingredients and thoroughly stirring the ingredients to remove impurities by frit treatment at 1300 ° C, mixing them with binders, molding, firing, and processing Was made. As a result of the three-point bending test, sample 3. Is 121 MPa, sample 4. Was 127MPa. From this comparison, even when the material is frit-treated, superiority in bending strength due to the addition of calcia and yttria can be seen. It can be seen that the bending strength has increased.
Sample 4. Was processed with a dental prosthesis measuring and processing apparatus (CADIM (registered trademark) Advance Co., Ltd.) such as grinding and cutting.

実施例3
カルシア・イットリア添加、フリット処理、着色したサンプル主原料にカルシア0.2%、イットリア0.5%を添加し充分に攪拌した原料を1300℃でフリット処理して不純物を取り除いた後に粉砕し、バインダーを混合し、人口歯シェードA3相当の色粉を添加し、成型、焼成、加工したサンプル5.を作製した。3点曲げ試験の結果、サンプル5.は127MPaだった。また色粉の添加により、A3相当のシェードに着色できた。これより、カルシアとイットリアを添加しても、高強度を保ったままで天然歯同様の着色が可能であった。
また、フリット処理を行わずにカルシア・イットリア添加の材料でも上記同様の着色が可能であった。
Example 3
Added calcia yttria, fritted, colored sample main raw material 0.2% calcia, 0.5% yttria and thoroughly stirred raw material to remove impurities by fritting at 1300 ° C, mixed with binder, 4. A sample that has been molded, baked and processed by adding colored powder equivalent to artificial tooth shade A3. Was made. As a result of the three-point bending test, sample 5. Was 127MPa. The shade corresponding to A3 could be colored by adding colored powder. As a result, even when calcia and yttria were added, coloring similar to natural teeth was possible while maintaining high strength.
Further, the same coloring as described above was possible even with a material added with calcia yttria without performing the frit treatment.

実施例4
カルシア・イットリア添加、フリット処理、蛍光付与したサンプル主原料にカルシア0.2%、イットリア0.5%を添加し充分に攪拌した原料を1300℃でフリット処理して不純物を取り除いた後に粉砕し、バインダーを混合し、天然歯相当の蛍光物質を添加し、成型、焼成、加工したサンプル6.を作製した。3点曲げ試験の結果、サンプル6.は139MPaだった。また蛍光物質の添加により、紫外光下での蛍光発光が見られた。これより、カルシアとイットリアを添加しても、高強度を保ったままで天然歯同様の透明性
と蛍光性の付与が可能であった。
Example 4
After adding calcia yttria, fritting, and adding fluorescence to the sample main material with 0.2% calcia and 0.5% yttria and thoroughly stirring the material to remove impurities by frit treatment at 1300 ° C, mix with binder Samples that were molded, baked and processed by adding a fluorescent material equivalent to natural teeth. Was made. As a result of the three-point bending test, sample 6. Was 139MPa. In addition, fluorescence emission under ultraviolet light was observed by adding a fluorescent substance. As a result, even when calcia and yttria were added, it was possible to impart transparency and fluorescence similar to natural teeth while maintaining high strength.

実施例5
カルシア・イットリア添加、フリット処理、着色、蛍光付与したサンプル
主原料にカルシア0.4%、イットリア0.6%を添加し充分に攪拌した原料を1300℃でフリット処理して不純物を取り除いた後に粉砕し、バインダーを混合し、人口歯シェードA3相当の色粉と天然歯相当の蛍光物質を添加し、成型、焼成、加工したサンプル7.を作製した。
3点曲げ試験の結果、サンプル7.は137MPaだった。また上記実施例3のサンプル5.及び実施例4のサンプル6.同様の着色と蛍光性が有った。これより、カルシアとイットリアを添加しても、高強度を保ったままで天然歯同様の着色、透明性及び蛍光性の付与が可能であった。
Example 5
After adding calcia and yttria, fritting, coloring and fluorescence to the sample main material, adding 0.4% calcia and 0.6% yttria and thoroughly stirring the material to remove impurities by frit treatment at 1300 ° C, pulverize the binder Samples that are mixed, colored powder equivalent to artificial tooth shade A3 and fluorescent material equivalent to natural teeth are added, molded, baked and processed. Was made.
As a result of the three-point bending test, sample 7. Was 137MPa. Sample 5 of Example 3 above. And Sample 4 of Example 4. There was similar coloring and fluorescence. As a result, even when calcia and yttria were added, it was possible to impart coloring, transparency and fluorescence similar to natural teeth while maintaining high strength.

オーバーメルトを行う場合の温度や、セラミックの成型体を焼成する温度が変わることで、作製した加工物の強度等の物性が変化することもある。成型体の焼成温度は、元の形が残る範囲で最高温度が好ましい。
上記例で作製したセラミックの加工物は、口腔内での実験症例でも破折することなく、また審美性においても天然歯同様の色あいや透明性を有し、使用可能であった。
The physical properties such as the strength of the manufactured workpiece may be changed by changing the temperature when overmelting or the temperature at which the ceramic molded body is fired. The firing temperature of the molded body is preferably the highest temperature as long as the original shape remains.
The processed ceramic product produced in the above example could be used without being broken even in an experimental case in the oral cavity and having the same color and transparency as natural teeth in terms of aesthetics.

本発明は、コンピューター制御による自動計測及びこの計測情報に基づく自動加工を行う装置にて加工されるものに関し、使用中の破折を防ぐために、曲げ強度を上昇させた被加工物を提案できる。   The present invention relates to what is processed by an apparatus that performs automatic measurement based on computer control and automatic processing based on this measurement information, and can propose a workpiece with increased bending strength in order to prevent breakage during use.

Claims (2)

CAD/CAMによる加工処理をして歯科補綴物を形成するための加工用ブロックを製造する方法において、大平長石35%及びネフェリンサイアナイト65%を主原料とする陶磁器用材料にカルシア0.2〜2%及びイットリア0.5〜5%を添加したものをフリット処理して粉砕した後、バインダーを混合、成形焼結する歯科補綴物加工用ブロックの製造方法。 And the Ru machining process good in CAD / CAM in the process for producing the processing blocks for forming a dental prosthesis, calcia the ceramic material to the 35% and 65% nepheline syenite Ohira feldspar as a main material 0 A method for producing a dental prosthesis processing block comprising frit-treating and adding 2 to 2% and yttria 0.5 to 5% and then mixing and molding and sintering a binder. 前記バインダー混合後に、蛍光物質又は着色材を添加する請求項1に記載の歯科補綴物加工用ブロックの製造方法。 The method for producing a dental prosthesis processing block according to claim 1, wherein a fluorescent substance or a coloring material is added after mixing the binder .
JP2004274060A 2004-09-21 2004-09-21 Manufacturing method of dental prosthesis processing block Expired - Fee Related JP4496050B2 (en)

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JP2011229839A (en) 2010-04-30 2011-11-17 Gc Corp Block for fabricating denture base

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JPH02145473A (en) * 1988-11-25 1990-06-04 Kyocera Corp Ceramics of free-cutting properties and their production
JPH05306141A (en) * 1991-03-07 1993-11-19 Hoya Corp Glass ceramics and artificial crown using the same
DE19852516A1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-25 Degussa Ceramic dental restoration
US6878456B2 (en) * 2001-12-28 2005-04-12 3M Innovative Properties Co. Polycrystalline translucent alumina-based ceramic material, uses, and methods
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