JP4496129B2 - Ditcher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ditching machine that proceeds while discharging soil excavated from below to form a ditch.

  In such a trench excavator, for example, a spiral blade body is attached to a rotary shaft extending in the vertical direction, and the rotary shaft advances while rotating to excavate the soil from below to above with the spiral blade body. There is a structure in which the soil is discharged outward from the upper part of the rotation shaft to sequentially form grooves (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  As shown in FIG. 6A (side view) and FIG. 6B (side view), the trench excavator 80, 80 ′ described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a three-point link connection mechanism of the traveling machine body 90. A groove digging operation is performed while the traveling machine body 90 travels while being mounted on the traveling body 90, and is provided with a groove forming portion (groove shaping body 81 in Reference 2) on the rear side in the traveling direction of the rotating shaft 61. . The groove excavated by the spiral blade body 62 attached to the rotating shaft 61 is pressed and leveled by a pair of left and right side surface shaping bodies (the shaping wing in Reference 1 and the lower side plate in Reference 2) of the groove forming portion 81. The side of the groove is shaped. A bottom plate 83 extending in the front-rear direction is provided at the bottom of the groove forming portion 81 described in Patent Document 2, and the bottom surface of the groove is shaped by the bottom plate 83.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-66754 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-22123

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the side surface shaping body 82 of the groove digger 80 described in Patent Document 1 described above only extends in the vertical direction, and thus the bottom surface of the groove cannot be neatly shaped. For this reason, in order to finely finish the bottom surface of the groove by the groove digging machine 80, the top link 91b is extended and the groove digging machine 80 is kept in the position of the lower link 91a of the three-point link coupling mechanism 91 for coupling the groove digging machine 80. The blade 84 attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 61 and the lower end surface 61a of the rotating shaft 61 are brought into contact with the bottom surface of the groove. In this way, the bottom surface of the groove can be shaped cleanly by setting the grooving machine 80 to a rearwardly lowered posture, but due to the poor working posture, as a whole, the grooving state deteriorates and the durability of the machine is impaired. A problem such as a problem occurs. Further, when moving the trench excavator 80, even if the lower link 91a is swung upward at the maximum, the length of the top link 91b is long, so that the rear side of the trench excavator 80 is brought to a desired height. You may not be able to lift. Therefore, if the length of the top link 91a is shortened, the entire trench excavator 80 can be lifted to a desired height, but there is a problem that the reduction work of the top link 91a is troublesome for the operator.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, the groove forming portion 81 of the grooving machine 80 ′ described in Patent Document 2 can shape the bottom surface of the groove by the bottom plate 83. Since it extends in the direction and has a large contact area with the field U, it is difficult to move the rotating shaft 61 downward when grooving. For this reason, the problem that the run-up distance of the trench excavator 80 ′ until the groove reaches a predetermined depth is increased. Further, there is a problem that the traction resistance increases due to the increase in the contact resistance of the bottom plate 83 to the field U.

  The present invention requires a ditcher that shortens the running distance of the ditcher, suppresses an increase in traction resistance, and can lift the entire ditcher to a desired height without reducing the top link. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a ditcher that meets such requirements.

In order to achieve the above object, a trench digging machine according to the present invention is a trench digging machine that forms a groove by discharging soil that has been excavated from below to above by a working unit. The disposed groove forming portion includes a side surface shaping body that shapes a side surface while contacting a side surface of the groove that is inclined from the outside in the width direction from the rear to the front in the traveling direction, and a lower end portion that is convex downward A bottom surface shaping body that shapes the bottom surface while contacting the bottom surface of the groove, and the bottom surface shaping body and the side surface shaping body are integrally formed .

According to the present invention, the groove forming portion disposed on the rear side in the advancing direction of the working portion is a side surface that shapes the side surface while contacting a side inclined from the outer side in the width direction to the inner side in the width direction from the rear to the front in the advancing direction. By installing the groove excavator of the present invention in a field by having a bottom surface shaped body that shapes the bottom surface while bringing the shaped body and the lower end formed in a convex shape downward into contact with the bottom surface of the groove, When the bottom surface shaped body comes into contact with the field surface and the groove machine advances in this state, the side surface of the groove formed by excavation by the working unit makes line contact with the surface of the side surface shaped body that inclines from the outside in the width direction. So that it is neatly shaped. Moreover, since the side part of a groove | channel is line-contacted with a side surface shaping body, a contact area is small. For this reason, traction resistance can be made small. Simultaneously with the shaping of the side surface of the groove by the side shaping body, the bottom of the groove is leveled to the lower end portion formed in a convex shape of the bottom shaping body and shaped into a flat shape. For this reason, the groove digger according to the present invention has a long top link of the three-point link coupling mechanism to which the groove digger is attached in order to shape the bottom of the groove during grooving work. There is no need for a downward posture. Therefore, the whole trench excavator can be lifted to a desired height by the three-point link coupling mechanism with the top link length kept short. Moreover, since the bottom shape part formed in convex shape contacts the field surface, the contact area with a field is small. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in traction resistance in combination with the side surface shaping body, and it is possible to shorten the running distance of the trench excavator until the depth of the groove reaches a predetermined depth. Moreover, by integrally forming the bottom surface shaping body and the side surface shaping body, the number of parts can be reduced and the cost of the trench digger can be reduced.

In addition, a bottom surface shaping body and a side surface shaping body may be attached to the front plate of the groove forming portion in an exchangeable manner .

Thus, the bottom surface dressing body and side dressing body by attaching interchangeably to the front plate of the groove forming portion, if the bottom dressing body and side molding frame is worn, it is possible to replace these, it is formed The side surface and bottom surface of the groove can always be neatly shaped.

In addition, it is also possible to rotatably support the bottom dressing body or side dressing body. In this way, the contact resistance between the bottom surface shaped body or the side surface shaped body and the groove can be further reduced, and the traction resistance can be further reduced.

According to the grooving machine according to the present invention, the groove forming portion disposed on the rear side in the advancing direction of the working portion makes the surface inclined inward from the outer side in the width direction from the rear in the advancing direction to the side of the groove. While having a side surface shaping body for shaping the side surface, and a bottom surface shaping body for shaping the bottom surface while contacting a lower end portion formed in a downward convex shape to the bottom surface of the groove, the bottom surface shaping body and the side surface shaping body are By being integrally formed, the run distance of the ditcher is short, the increase in traction resistance is suppressed, and the entire ditcher can be raised to a desired height without performing the reduction work of the top link , It is possible to provide a ditcher capable of reducing the cost .

  A preferred embodiment of a trench excavator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. For convenience of explanation, the following description will be made with the directions of arrows shown in FIG. 1 (plan view) as the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the ditcher 1 is connected to a three-point link coupling mechanism 91 provided at the rear portion of the traveling machine body 90 and performs a ditching operation according to the forward traveling and the backward traveling of the traveling machine body 90. Is. The ditcher 1 is mounted on the traveling machine body 90 and has a mounting part 10 provided with an input shaft 4a to which power from the traveling machine body 90 is input, and is mounted on the mounting part 10 and can move in the left-right direction of the traveling machine body 90. Digging work on both the left and right sides of the traveling machine body 90 by the power transmitted from the input shaft 4a, which is rotatably disposed in the horizontal direction on the movable end side (rear end side) of the offset mechanism 20 and the offset mechanism 20 And a working unit 50 to perform.

  The mounting portion 10 includes a hitch frame 11 that extends in the left-right direction, and a connection frame (not shown) that is attached to the front side of the hitch frame 11 and that can be connected to a three-point link connection mechanism 91 provided in the traveling machine body 90. Do it. The three-point link connecting mechanism 91 includes a pair of lower links 91a that are disposed at a predetermined interval in the machine body width direction of the traveling machine body 90, extend rearward, and are rotatably attached in the vertical direction. A top link 91b that is disposed at an upper position between the lower links 91a, extends rearward and is rotatably attached in the vertical direction, and a lifting device (not shown) that swings the lower link 91a in the vertical direction. It has. The ditcher 1 can move in the vertical direction via the mounting portion 10 by the vertical swing of the lower link 11a.

  A gear box 4 is provided at the center of the hitch frame 11 in the left-right direction. The gear box 4 includes the input shaft 4a described above, and the input shaft 4a is a transmission shaft from a PTO shaft (not shown) of the traveling machine body 90. Power is transmitted through (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (side view), the offset mechanism 20 is pivotally connected to the hitch frame 11 at the center upper portion and the center lower portion of the hitch frame 11 with the front end side as a link fulcrum, and extends rearward. A pair of upper and lower upper and lower swing arms 21 and 22 are juxtaposed along the left side of the upper swing arm 21, the front end is rotatably connected to the left end of the hitch frame 11, and the rear end is the upper swing arm. 21 has an offset arm 27 connected to a rear arm 24 to which a rear end portion 21 is rotatably attached.

  The rear ends of the upper swing arm 21 and the lower swing arm 22 are rotatably attached to a pair of brackets 25 protruding rearward from the center upper and lower portions of the rear arm 24, and the front end of the offset arm 27 is The offset mechanism 20 is mounted in parallel to the hitch frame 11, the upper swing arm 21, the lower swing arm 22, the offset arm 27, and the rear arm 24. A link mechanism is configured.

  Between the upper swing arm 21 and the offset arm 27, the swing regulating member 30 that regulates the swing of the offset mechanism 20 and places the working unit 50 at the right offset work position or the left offset work position can be adjusted. It is attached.

  Between the pair of brackets 25, a support shaft 35 that is inserted through these brackets and extends in the vertical direction is rotatably attached. The frame 51 is attached to the support shaft 35 in a state where the tip of the frame 51 constituting a part of the working unit 50 is inserted, and the frame 51 can be rotated in the left-right direction with the support shaft 35 as a rotation center. .

  The working unit 50 is fixed to the front end of the frame 51 in a fixed state. For this reason, the working unit 50 rotates together with the frame unit 51 around the support shaft 35 as a rotation center. The working unit 50 includes a main body frame 57 that is attached to the distal end portion of the frame portion 51 and extends downward, and a groove body 60 that is rotatably attached to the main body frame 57. The grooving body 60 includes a rotary shaft 61 extending in the vertical direction, and a spiral blade body 62 is attached to the lower portion of the rotary shaft 61. The rotating shaft 61 is configured to rotate by receiving power transmitted to the input shaft 4a.

  A jump plate 63 is radially attached to the upper portion of the rotating shaft 61, and a cover portion 58 for discharging the soil discharged by the jump plate 63 in a predetermined direction is provided on the upper portion of the main body frame 57. Is provided. For this reason, the soil removed by the spiral blade body 62 is lifted and moved upward from below by the rotation of the spiral blade body 62, and is blown outward by the jumping plate 63 to the cover portion 58. It is discharged diagonally backward along.

  Further, the main body frame 57 includes a groove forming portion 70 that shapes the side surface Ms and the bottom surface Mb of the groove M at a position behind the rotating shaft 61 and below the cover portion 58. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (rear view), the groove forming portion 70 is connected to the front plate 71 disposed at the rear position of the rotating shaft 61 and extending in the vertical direction, and both left and right end portions of the front plate 71. And a pair of side surface shaping bodies 72 extending rearward and a bottom surface shaping body 73 attached to the lower portion of the front plate 71. The front plate 71 is disposed in the vicinity of the outer side of the rotation trajectory of the spiral blade body 62 and is disposed so as to be gradually inclined rearward as it advances upward. The side shaping body 72 is plate-shaped, and is arranged so as to be gradually inclined outward in the left-right direction as it goes upward, and gradually inclined outward as it goes backward. The bottom surface shaping body 73 is attached to the lower end of the back side of the front plate 71, and the tip is formed in an arc shape. That is, the bottom surface shaping body 73 is formed so that the tip portion protrudes in a convex shape and comes into line contact with the bottom surface of the groove M. The side shaping body 72 and the bottom surface shaping body 73 are detachably attached to the front plate 71 by a fastening jig such as a bolt or nut, and can be exchanged.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4A (side view) and (b) (side view), the bottom surface shaping body 73 includes a roller 75 that is rotatable at the lower end of the back side of the front plate 71, and a lower end. The part may be formed by bending in a polygonal shape. In these cases, the roller 75 and the lower end of the polygonal shape are designed so as to be in line contact with the bottom surface Mb of the groove M.

  Next, the operation of the groove machine 1 when the groove M is formed in the field by the groove machine 1 of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, first, the ditcher 1 is mounted on the rear portion of the traveling machine body 90, and the traveling machine body 90 is installed at a place where the groove M is formed. Then, the offset mechanism 20 is swung to move the working unit 50 to the right offset work position Pr, and the swing restriction member 30 restricts the swing of the offset mechanism 20. Then, in order to allow the ditcher 1 to move downward under its own weight until the groove M to be formed reaches a predetermined depth, a lower limit swing position of the lower link 91a is set, and the lower link to this lower limit swing position is set. The swing of 91a is made free.

  Then, the traveling machine body 90 is caused to travel forward, and the power from the traveling machine body 90 is transmitted to the input shaft 4 a of the trench excavator 1. When power is transmitted to the ditcher 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotating shaft 61 rotates, and the rotation of the spiral blade body 62 lifts and moves the soil of the farm field U from below to jump. It is blown outward by the take-out plate 63 and discharged obliquely rearward along the cover portion 58. At the same time, the left and right side surfaces Ms of the groove M formed in the field U are shaped by the pair of side surface shaping bodies 72 of the groove forming portion 70, and the bottom surface Mb of the groove M is shaped by the tip of the bottom surface shaping body 73. Is done. The rotating shaft 61 enters the field U due to its own weight. For this reason, the depth of the groove | channel M becomes deep gradually as the grooved machine 1 advances.

  Here, since the front end portion of the bottom surface shaping body 73 is formed in a convex shape, the area where the front end portion contacts the field U is small. For this reason, in the process where the depth of the groove | channel M becomes deep gradually, the resistance with respect to the operation | movement in which the rotating shaft 61 enters in the agricultural field U can be made small. As a result, the run-up distance of the trench excavator 1 until the depth of the groove M reaches a predetermined value can be shortened.

  Further, since the bottom surface shaping body 73 is arranged so that the tip end thereof is in line contact with the bottom surface Mb of the groove M in the left-right direction, the bottom surface Mb of the groove M can be shaped cleanly.

  Further, since the bottom surface shaping body 73 is in line contact with the groove bottom surface, the contact resistance with the groove bottom surface is small. For this reason, traction resistance can be made small.

  Furthermore, the groove excavator 1 is in a working posture in which the rotating shaft 61 extends in a substantially vertical direction when excavating a groove M having a predetermined depth. The lower link 91a at this time is in a position below the swinging position of the lower link 91a when the rotary shaft 61 is placed on the field surface before the groove formation. For this reason, when the groove excavator 1 is in a working posture in which a groove having a predetermined depth is excavated, the upper swingable range of the lower link 91a connected to the groove excavator 1 is wide. As a result, when the lower link 91a is swung upward in such a state, the groove excavator 1 is moved upward by a large lift amount by the three-point link coupling mechanism 91, and the rotary shaft 61 is pulled out from the groove M. Furthermore, the lower end portion of the rotating shaft 61 is pulled up to a position having an interval that is unlikely to contact the field surface. For this reason, the movement of the ditcher 1 can be made possible.

  In this way, when moving the groove excavator 1 in a working posture excavating a groove of a predetermined depth to another place, it is only necessary to swing the lower link 91a of the three-point link coupling mechanism 91 upward. Therefore, the moving operation of the trench excavator 1 is easy and does not bother the operator.

  In the above-described embodiment, the side surface shaping body 72 of the groove forming portion 70 extends in a planar shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and FIG. 5A (plan view), FIG. As shown in (plan view) and (c) (plan view), the side surface shaping body 72 ′ may be configured to be arcuate, polygonal and rotatable in plan view. A pair of side surface shaping bodies 72 ′ shown in FIG. 5A is formed so as to be curved in a convex shape outward in the left-right direction. A pair of side surface shaping bodies 72 ′ shown in FIG. 5 (b) are formed so as to bend outwardly in the left-right direction. A pair of side surface shaping bodies 72 ′ shown in FIG. 5 (c) is configured by providing a pair of rollers 76 arranged on the left and right so that the rotation center axis extends in the vertical direction.

  By configuring the side shaping body 72 ′ in this way, the contact area between the side surface of the groove and the side shaping body 72 ′ can be reduced, and as a result, the traction resistance can be further reduced, The run-up distance of the trench excavator 1 until the depth reaches a predetermined depth can be further shortened.

  Moreover, although the example which attached the side shaping body 72 and the bottom face shaping body 73 to the front board 71 so that replacement | exchange was possible was shown in the Example mentioned above, you may form these side shaping bodies 72 and the bottom face shaping body 73 integrally. . In this case, the integrally formed side surface shaping body 72 and bottom surface shaping body 73 are attached to the front plate 71 in a replaceable manner. Thus, by forming these shaping bodies integrally, the number of parts can be reduced and the cost of the trench excavator 1 can be reduced.

The top view of the ditcher concerning one embodiment of the present invention is shown. A side view of the ditcher is shown. The rear view of a ditch machine is shown. It is a side view which shows the other Example of the bottom face shaping body provided in the ditcher. It is a side view which shows the other Example of the side surface shaping body provided in the ditching machine. The side view of the conventional trench machine is shown.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grooving machine 50 Working part 70 Groove formation part 71 Front plate 72 Side face shaping body 73 Bottom face shaping body M Groove Mb Bottom face Ms Side face

Claims (1)

In the grooving machine that progresses while discharging the soil excavated from below by the working part and forms a groove,
The groove forming portion disposed on the rear side in the advancing direction of the working unit includes a side surface shaping body that shapes the side surface while contacting a side inclined from the outer side in the width direction to the inner side in the width direction from the rear to the front in the advancing direction. A bottom surface shaping body that shapes the bottom surface while contacting the bottom surface of the groove formed in a downwardly projecting shape ,
The trench excavator characterized in that the bottom surface shaping body and the side surface shaping body are integrally formed .

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