JP4499475B2 - Band saw machine - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a band saw, in particular the amount of deflection of the saw blade calculated or detected, to adjust the cutting direction and saw blade speed, to band saw for controlling the cutting length and the back component force.

  When cutting a work material such as steel with a band saw, if the force in the direction of the back force against the saw blade exceeds the limit value, the saw blade will bend and the work material will bend and bend. In order to avoid this cutting phenomenon, a method of detecting a change in the back component force and controlling the cutting speed of the saw blade so that the force in the direction of the back component force does not exceed a limit value is performed.

  Conventionally, in order to detect the change in the above-mentioned back component force, it has been generally considered as a pressure change of a lift cylinder that supports the entire saw blade support system.

In addition, the saw blade lowering speed control method includes (1) a method of controlling by flow control of flow control by a hydraulic cylinder, and (2) an encoder is installed in the axial direction in which the saw blade descends to detect the lowering speed, (3) Control the lowering speed by adjusting the head load (saw blade's back force) by inserting a pressure reducing valve on the side of the hydraulic cylinder where the back force is applied. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Note that there are a motor, a hydraulic cylinder, and the like as a drive source of the descending shaft.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-64993

  By the way, in the conventional descending speed control method of the saw blade, (1) When the cutting length becomes long, the descending speed cannot be increased. (2) The notch can be increased by automatically adjusting the back component force automatically. There was a problem that (3) the deflection of the saw blade was not accurately taken into account in the cutting speed.

  Moreover, in order to accurately grasp the deflection of the saw blade, the conventional method of grasping it as a change in hydraulic pressure is indirect, and it is insufficient to accurately control the cutting performance. It is necessary to measure.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems.

The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and a band saw for cutting a workpiece by an endless band saw blade wound around a drive wheel and a driven wheel rotatably provided in a saw blade housing. A board,
When the workpiece is cut by the band saw blade, a memory that stores in advance a deflection amount setting value that does not exceed the deflection amount limit value in the cutting direction with respect to the workpiece of the band saw blade that causes the workpiece to bend , and
A saw blade inclination angle detection device for detecting the inclination angle of the band saw blade in the cutting direction relative to the workpiece;
A saw blade deflection amount computing device that computes the actual deflection amount in the cutting direction of the band saw blade from the tilt angle detected by the saw blade tilt angle detecting device and the cutting span between the backup units that guide and support the band saw blade. And
A comparison determination device for comparing whether or not the calculated actual deflection amount has reached the deflection amount setting value stored in the memory;
A saw that gives a command to cause the band saw blade to bend by reducing the actual deflection amount and then causing the band saw blade to bend again when the actual deflection amount reaches the set value of the deflection amount. Blade cutting operation command section ,
It is characterized by having.

According to the present invention , by setting in advance a deflection amount limit value when a cut occurs in the work material, it is not necessary to eliminate the deflection of the saw blade, but the saw blade is assumed to bend. The cutting of the saw blade can be controlled so that the amount does not exceed the deflection amount limit value.

  By actively utilizing the deflection of the saw blade, by actively forming the cutting shape of the saw blade, the cutting length can be changed and adjusted, and the back force of the saw blade can be adjusted. As a result, since heavy cutting is possible, it is less susceptible to work hardening and the like, and the quality of the cut surface is improved. Further, since the wear of the saw blade can be reduced, the life of the saw blade is extended. In addition, since the cutting speed is higher than before, the cutting time can be shortened.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, for example, a horizontal band saw 1 as a sawing machine according to this embodiment includes a base 3, and on this base 3, guide posts 5 on the left and right in FIG. Is erected. On this guide post 5, a saw blade housing 7 having a band saw blade B as a cutting tool is guided by a guide member 9 so as to be movable up and down so as to slide. The saw blade housing 7 is moved up and down by, for example, the operation of a lifting / lowering hydraulic cylinder 11 as a saw blade cutting drive device provided on the base 3. The action of the lifting / lowering hydraulic cylinder 11 can control the cutting and rising separation of the band saw blade B with respect to the workpiece W as the work material. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to the control device 13 as shown in FIG.

  1, the left guide member 9 is provided with a saw blade position detecting encoder 15. The moving speed of the saw blade housing 7, that is, the cutting speed of the band saw blade B, is determined by the saw blade position detecting encoder. 15 is controlled by feedback. The saw blade position detection encoder 15 is connected to the control device 13 as shown in FIG.

  The saw blade housing 7 is provided with left and right housing parts 17 and 19 spaced apart on both sides, and the left and right housing parts 17 and 19 are connected by a beam member (not shown), and between the left and right housing parts 17 and 19. Is provided with a housing portion 21 that allows the band saw blade B to pass along the beam member. The guide member 9 is integrally fixed to the left and right housing parts 17 and 19.

  The housing parts 17 and 19 of the saw blade housing 7 are provided with a drive wheel 23 and a driven wheel 25 via shafts 27 and 29, respectively, and an endless band saw blade B is hung on the drive wheel 23 and the driven wheel 25. It has been turned. A saw blade motor 31 is interlocked to the shaft 27 of the drive wheel 23. When the saw blade motor 31 is driven, the drive wheel 23 is rotated via the shaft 27, so that the band saw blade B wound around the drive wheel 23 and the driven wheel 25 is driven to cut the workpiece W. .

  The housing portion 19 is configured to be adjustable in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 by a tension unit (not shown). Accordingly, the driven wheel 25 is moved in the left-right direction so that the tension of the band saw blade B is increased. Adjusted.

  Referring also to FIG. 5, a fixed insert 33 (also referred to as “right blade guide”) and a movable insert 35 (also referred to as “left blade guide”) are mounted on the guide member 9. 33 and the backup units 37 and 39 provided at the tips of the movable inserts 35, the band saw blade B is arranged so that the cutting edge portion of the band saw blade B faces vertically downward in the cutting region S where the band saw blade B cuts the workpiece W. Guidance is supported. Further, the fixed insert 33 is fixedly attached to the guide member 9, and the movable insert 35 can be adjusted in position so as to correspond to the size of the workpiece W via a drive means such as a drive cylinder or a ball screw. 9 is attached.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the backup units 37 and 39 of the fixed insert 33 and the movable insert 35 are always applied to the saw back of the band saw blade B and can swing around the support shaft 41. Backup holders 43 and 45 as a saw blade back component force direction support system are provided. The inclination angle θ of each backup holder 43, 45 is detected by a saw blade inclination angle detection device (not shown) provided in each backup unit 37, 39.

  Further, a work table 47 on which a work W is placed is provided on the upper part of the base 3, and a main body vise comprising a reference vise jaw 49 and a movable vise jaw 51 that can hold and fix the work W on the work table 47. A device 53 is provided. More specifically, the reference vise jaw 49 is provided on the reference vice line BL in the width direction of the workpiece W, and the movable vise jaw 51 is provided so as to be movable in a direction approaching and separating from the reference vise jaw 49.

  Referring to FIG. 7, the control device 13 causes the CPU 55 serving as a central processing unit to process conditions for cutting the workpiece W, a deflection amount limit value when the workpiece W is bent, and this deflection amount. An input device 57 and a display device 59 for inputting various data such as a deflection amount setting value Ws that is a value that does not exceed the limit value and is set in advance, and a memory 61 that stores the input data are connected. Yes.

  The CPU 55 includes a saw blade deflection amount calculating device 67 for calculating an actual saw blade deflection amount Wa from the detection data by the saw blade inclination angle detecting device 63 and the detection data by the backup unit position detecting device 65, and A comparison judgment device 69 for comparing and determining that the actual saw blade deflection amount Wa has reached the deflection amount set value Ws, and when the actual saw blade deflection amount Wa has reached the deflection amount set value Ws, the band saw blade B Is connected to a cutting operation commanding unit 71 that gives a command to the lifting hydraulic cylinder 11 (saw blade cutting drive device) to raise the angle by a distance equal to or less than the actual saw blade deflection Wa.

  The saw blade deflection amount measuring device of this embodiment is composed of the saw blade inclination angle detecting device 63, the backup unit position detecting device 65, and the saw blade deflection amount calculating device 67 of the control device 13. Yes.

  With the above configuration, the drive wheel 23 is rotated by the rotational drive of the saw blade motor 31, and the band saw blade B wound endlessly on the drive wheel 23 and the driven wheel 25 travels and rotates.

  The band saw blade B in the cutting area S is guided and supported vertically downward between the backup unit 37 of the fixed insert 33 and the backup unit 39 of the moving insert 35 and is directed from the moving insert 35 side to the fixed insert 33 side. The workpiece W fixed by the reference vise jaw 49 and the movable vise jaw 51 is cut by the band saw blade B as the saw blade housing 7 is lowered by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 11 while running and rotating.

When the above-described cutting process is performed, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 8, the band saw blade B has a large amount of deflection in the cutting direction with respect to the workpiece W between the backup units 37 and 39. Go. As shown in FIG. 6, this deflection amount is detected by the saw blade tilt angle detecting device 63 (see FIG. 7) as the tilt angle θ of the backup holders 43 and 45, that is, the tilt angle θ of the band saw blade B. . Further, the positions of the backup units 37 and 39 are detected by the backup unit position detector 65. Based on the inclination angle θ of the band saw blade B and the detected data of the positions of the backup units 37 and 39, the saw blade deflection amount Wa of the actual band saw blade B is obtained by the saw blade deflection amount calculation device 67 of the control device 13. Calculated and measured.

  A deflection amount setting value Ws that does not exceed a deflection amount limit value when the workpiece W is bent is preset, and the deflection amount setting value Ws is stored in the memory 61. In this embodiment, two set values are preset as the deflection amount set value Ws. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the saw blade speed is increased from 30 m / min to 40 m / min. A first deflection amount setting value Ws for switching is set in advance, and the first deflection amount setting value Ws is 2 mm. Further, a second deflection amount setting value Ws for stopping the descent of the band saw blade B and raising it instantaneously is set in advance, and this second deflection amount setting value Ws is 3 mm.

  Therefore, as the cutting process is performed, the saw blade deflection amount Wa gradually increases, and as shown in FIG. 8, for example, when 6 mm is cut from the surface of the workpiece W, the actual saw blade deflection is performed. The amount Wa is 3 mm, and is calculated and measured by the saw blade deflection amount calculation device 67. At this time, since it is determined by the comparative determination device 69 that the actual saw blade deflection amount Wa has reached the deflection amount setting value Ws, the cutting operation command section 71 causes the lifting hydraulic cylinder 11 (saw blade cutting drive device) to A command is given to stop the cutting as shown in FIG. 5B, and the band saw blade B is instantaneously raised by a distance equal to or less than the actual saw blade deflection amount Wa. In this embodiment, the band saw blade B is raised by 3 mm as shown in FIG.

  Referring also to FIG. 9, thereafter, the band saw blade B is lowered again to perform recutting. During this re-cutting, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 8, the saw blade deflection amount Wa gradually increases, and when the re-cut is cut 5 mm, the actual saw blade deflection amount Wa is Since the first deflection amount set value Ws1 has been reached, the saw blade speed is switched from 30 m / min to 40 m / min.

  Furthermore, when the cutting depth is 10 mm from the re-cutting, the actual deflection amount Wa of the saw blade is 3 mm and reaches the second deflection amount setting value Ws2. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. The blade cutting is temporarily stopped, and the band saw blade B is instantaneously raised by 3 mm corresponding to the distance equal to or less than the actual saw blade deflection Wa.

  Next, a second recut is performed. The above cutting operation is repeated and cutting is performed until the workpiece W is completely cut.

  By repeating the re-cutting operation as described above, at the time of re-cutting, as shown in FIG. 5B, cutting is performed from the central vertex of the workpiece W while suppressing the deflection of the band saw blade B. Therefore, the cutting length is shortened, and as shown in FIG. 5 (C), both sides of the workpiece W are cut due to the bending of the band saw blade B, so that the cutting length is shortened and the phenomenon of bending occurs. Can be avoided. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (D), the portion B is a region cut in the state of FIG. 5 (B), and the portion C is a region cut in the state of FIG. 5 (C). It is.

  Therefore, by directly detecting the actual saw blade deflection amount Wa of the band saw blade B, the magnitude of the back component force of the band saw blade B can be grasped, and the band saw blade B so as not to exceed the deflection amount limit value. The cutting direction can be controlled.

  By actively utilizing the deflection of the band saw blade B, the cutting shape of the band saw blade B can be positively formed, so that the cutting length can be changed and adjusted. Can do. As a result, (1) the ability to perform heavy cutting is less affected by work hardening and the like, and the quality of the cut surface is improved. (2) Saw blade wear can be reduced, so that the life of the saw blade is extended. (3) Cutting speed is increased. There is an effect that the cutting time can be shortened because it is higher than before.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, It can implement in another aspect by making an appropriate change. In this embodiment, a horizontal band saw is described as an example of the saw, but a vertical band saw and other band saws may be used.

  Further, as a method of lowering the band saw blade B and a saw blade cutting drive device, in addition to the above-described flow rate control method using the hydraulic cylinder 11, a ball screw driven by a motor (for example, a servo motor) and a screw on the ball screw are used. A method using a mating nut member, or a method such as a rack and pinion method, a screw drive method, or an electric cylinder method may be used.

  In addition to the post guide 5 described above, a guide such as an LM guide or a roller guide may be used as a guide for the raising / lowering operation of the saw blade housing 7.

  Further, as a method of adjusting the cutting length by changing the amount of bending in the descending direction of the band saw blade B, in the above-described embodiment, the saw blade bending amount Wa is reduced by stopping and raising the band saw blade B. Although the method of changing was demonstrated, since the cutting span L changes by changing the positions of the left and right backup units 37 and 39 as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the saw blade deflection amount Wa. Changes. That is, when the cutting span L is widened, the saw blade deflection amount Wa increases, and when the cutting span L is narrowed, the saw blade deflection Wa decreases. A method of repeating this may be used.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, a method of changing the saw blade deflection Wa by changing the saw blade tension may be used. That is, when the saw blade tension is decreased, the saw blade deflection amount Wa increases, and when the saw blade tension is decreased, the saw blade deflection Wa decreases. The tension of the band saw blade B is adjusted by moving the housing portion 19 in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 and moving the driven wheel 25 in the left-right direction by a tension unit (not shown).

  Alternatively, the saw blade deflection amount Wa may be reduced by increasing the saw blade speed and reducing the back component force. That is, when the saw blade speed is lowered, the saw blade deflection amount Wa increases, and when the saw blade speed is raised, the saw blade deflection Wa decreases.

  As a method of detecting the saw blade deflection amount Wa in the descending direction of the band saw blade B, there is shown in FIG. 12 in addition to the method of detecting and measuring the inclination of the backup holders 43 and 45 of the embodiment described above. As described above, the arm lever 75 provided on the backup units 37 and 39 so as to be swingable about the support shaft 73 and the roller 77 at the tip of the arm lever 75 are applied to the saw back of the band saw blade B and detected by the amount of displacement. It does not matter. Alternatively, in the case where the saw blade cutting drive device is a system using a ball screw and a nut member driven by a motor, the method of measuring the deflection amount of the band saw blade B by detecting the current of the motor may be used. The method of measuring the deflection amount of the saw blade by measuring the pressure of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 11 of the embodiment described above may be used.

It is a front view of the horizontal type band saw machine of an embodiment of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the cutting process of the horizontal band saw machine of FIG. It is a top view of FIG. It is a right view of FIG. (A)-(D) are state explanatory drawings of the saw blade at the time of a cutting process. It is state explanatory drawing of the detection of the inclination-angle of the saw blade by a backup holder. It is a block block diagram of a control apparatus. It is state explanatory drawing of the saw blade at the time of a cutting process. It is a graph explaining the state of the saw blade at the time of a cutting process. (A), (B) is state explanatory drawing which shows the adjustment method of the saw blade deflection | deviation amount of other embodiment of this invention. (A), (B) is state explanatory drawing which shows the adjustment method of the saw blade deflection | deviation amount of other embodiment of this invention. It is state explanatory drawing which shows the detection method of the saw blade deflection | deviation amount of other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Horizontal band saw machine (saw machine)
5 Guide Post 7 Saw Blade Housing 9 Guide Member 11 Elevating Hydraulic Cylinder (Saw Blade Cutting Drive Device)
13 Control device 15 Saw blade position detection encoder 17, 19, 21 Housing 23 Drive wheel 25 Drive wheel 31 Saw blade motor 33 Fixed insert 35 Moving insert 37, 39 Backup unit 41 Support shaft 43, 45 Backup holder 53 Main body vise device 55 CPU
61 Memory 63 Saw Blade Inclination Angle Detection Device 65 Backup Unit Position Detection Device 67 Saw Blade Deflection Calculation Device 69 Comparison Judgment Device 71 Cutting Operation Commanding Unit 73 Supporting Shaft 75 Arm Lever 77 Roller B Band Saw Blade (Saw Blade)
W Workpiece (Work material)
Ws Deflection amount setting value Wa Actual saw blade deflection amount

Claims (1)

A band saw machine for cutting a workpiece with an endless band saw blade wound around a drive wheel and a driven wheel that are rotatably provided in a saw blade housing,
When the workpiece is cut by the band saw blade, a memory that stores in advance a deflection amount setting value that does not exceed the deflection amount limit value in the cutting direction with respect to the workpiece of the band saw blade that causes the workpiece to bend , and
A saw blade inclination angle detection device for detecting the inclination angle of the band saw blade in the cutting direction relative to the workpiece;
A saw blade deflection amount computing device that computes the actual deflection amount in the cutting direction of the band saw blade from the tilt angle detected by the saw blade tilt angle detecting device and the cutting span between the backup units that guide and support the band saw blade. And
A comparison determination device for comparing whether or not the calculated actual deflection amount has reached the deflection amount setting value stored in the memory;
A saw that gives a command to cause the band saw blade to bend by reducing the actual deflection amount and then causing the band saw blade to bend again when the actual deflection amount reaches the set value of the deflection amount. Blade cutting operation command section ,
A band saw machine comprising:

Images