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JP4501235B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic electronic component - Google Patents
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JP4501235B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic electronic component - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of ceramic electronic component Download PDF

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JP4501235B2
JP4501235B2 JP2000196090A JP2000196090A JP4501235B2 JP 4501235 B2 JP4501235 B2 JP 4501235B2 JP 2000196090 A JP2000196090 A JP 2000196090A JP 2000196090 A JP2000196090 A JP 2000196090A JP 4501235 B2 JP4501235 B2 JP 4501235B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
ceramic
varistor
value
electronic component
color tone
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JP2002015903A (en
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一茂 小山
裕司 山岸
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はセラミック電子部品の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
はセラミック電子部品の一例を示す外観斜視図である。図において21はセラミック電子部品であり、セラミック成形体22の両面に電極23,24を形成し、この電極間に前記セラミック成形体22の特性に応じ、例えばバリスタ特性、圧電特性等が構成される。
【0003】
以上のように構成されたセラミック電子部品について、以下にその製造方法を説明する。
【0004】
まず、所定の特性を得るために選択された複数のセラミック原料粉末を混合して混合粉とし、この混合粉にバインダーを混合しスラリーを得る。このとき、あらかじめセラミック原料の粉体特性、混合粉の粒度分布等を検査して規定された範囲の混合粉を用いる。
【0005】
この混合粉を成形して円板状のセラミック成形体22を得る。次いで、このセラミック成形体22の両面に電極ペーストを塗付して焼き付け電極23,24を形成しセラミック電子部品21を得る。
【0006】
その後このセラミック電子部品21の前記電極23,24間に所定の電気信号を入力してこのセラミック電子部品21のバリスタ特性、圧電特性等を測定し検査を行う。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来例によれば、予めセラミック原料の粉体特性、混合粉の粒度分布等とセラミック電子部品21の電気特性との相関をつかみ製造を行うが、高い精度の相関を得ることが困難であり、成形焼成後、あるいはセラミック電子部品21を形成した後に精度の高い特性評価を行う必要がある。したがって、特性評価まで成形、焼成等の長時間の工程を経て、前記特性評価の段階で満足する性能が得られない場合は製造したセラミック電子部品21の利用が困難となり生産性を損なうという問題点を有していた。
【0008】
本発明は前記従来の問題点を解決するものであり製造不良を低減して生産性を向上することができるセラミック電子部品の製造方法を得ることを目的とするものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、以下の構成を有するものである。
【0010】
本発明は、主成分のZnOを含むセラミック原料粉末を混合分散させた混合済み材料を得る混合工程と、この混合済み材料を成形してセラミック成形体を得る成形工程と、前記セラミック成形体を焼成する工程とを備えるセラミック電子部品の製造方法において、混合済み材料の色調a * 値(L * * * 表色系)と焼成後の素子の単位厚さ当たりのバリスタ電圧との関係式をあらかじめ求め、前記混合工程の前記混合済み材料の色調a * 値を前記関係式に代入したバリスタ電圧に基づき前記セラミック成形体の厚さを制御するセラミック電子部品の製造方法であり、予め混合済み材料の色調と、そのセラミック成形体から得られた焼成後の素子の電気特性との相関分散図から線形回帰直線を導いておき、混合済み材料の色調を測定して、この測定値に基づき速やかに原材料の変動または各種原材料を用いた混合、粉砕工程の変動を察知し、成形工程の条件の制御に取り込むことができるため、得られたセラミック電子部品の特性にばらつきが少なくて不良を低減でき生産性を向上する作用、効果が得られる。
【0011】
また、主成分のZnOに対して微量のBi23、Co34、MnO2などを添加、混合分散させるバリスタ材料組成物では混合済み材料色調と焼成後の素子の電気特性の間には強い相関関係があるため、特に生産性を向上する作用、効果が得られる。
【0012】
また、セラミック原料粉末に少なくともTi 2 を含むことにより、バリスタ組成に対しTiを添加すると焼成後の素子におけるZnO粒子を初期粒径の約100倍程度まで成長させるためTiの粉体特性または混合粉末内のTiの分散状態が非常に重要であり、Tiを含む混合粉を用いたセラミック電子部品において、特に生産性を向上する作用、効果が得られる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態をセラミック電子部品にZnOを主成分とするバリスタを用い説明する。
【0014】
図1は本発明の実施の形態における色調の測定装置の概略図、図2は同実施の形態における色調を定量化するL***表色系座標軸の図、図3はセラミック電子部品(バリスタ)のセラミック成形体の外観斜視図、図4は同実施の形態のセラミック電子部品(バリスタ)の外観斜視図、図5は同実施の形態の粉砕時間と造粒粉の色調L*値、及び焼成後の素子のバリスタ電圧値の関係を示す図、図6は同実施の形態の造粒粉の色調L*値と焼成後のバリスタ電圧値の関係を示す図は同実施の形態の素子に1mAの電流を流したとき、仮焼温度での電圧値の低下率を示す図、図は同実施の形態の素子に1mAの電流を流したとき、電圧値と焼成昇温速度との関係を示す図である。
【0015】
図3、図4において、11はセラミック電子部品の素子であるバリスタであり、セラミック成形体12を焼成した焼結体13の両面に電極14,15等を形成し、この電極14,15間にバリスタ特性が構成される。
【0016】
前記構成のバリスタについて、図1〜図を用いて、以下にその製造方法を説明する。
【0017】
先ず、主成分のZnOに対してBi23、Co34、MnO2、TiO2を各0.5mol%、Sb23を0.05mol%添加してボールミルで混合、粉砕を行った後、バインダー、分散剤などを加えて混合してスラリーを作製する。
【0018】
次に、スラリーをスプレードライヤで造粒して混合済み材料の混合粉(造粒粉)4とする。この混合粉(造粒粉)4を80MPa/cm2の圧力で成形して図3に示す直径15mm、厚さ1.5mmの円板状のセラミック成形体12を作製する。
【0019】
前記製造工程で得られた混合粉色調を定量化して電気特性を推定する方法を以下に記載する。
【0020】
色調の測定方法にはマンセル表色系、XYZ表色系、ハンターLab表色系、L***表色系、L***表色系などが知られており、中でもL***表色系は物体の色調を表すのに最も多く使われている方法で“JIS Z8729−1994色”の表示方法にも採用されているため、本発明はこの方法を用いた。この表色系は図2に示すように被評価物体の色調が色空間上のどこにあるかを表す方法で、明るさ成分をL*軸に、赤と緑成分をa*軸に、黄と青成分をb*軸で表し、L*の0(黒)〜100(白)、a*の+方向が赤、−方向が緑、b*の+方向が黄、−方向が青で表される。
【0021】
前記混合粉4図1に示す測色計1の測色部2にセットし色調を測定する。尚、混合済み造粒粉4を測色部2の透明容器3内に入れ5回程度軽くタッピングすると充填状態が安定して色調が安定し、測定値の繰り返し精度が向上する
【0022】
次いでセラミック成形体12を昇温速度100℃/h、1250℃で焼成し焼結体13を形成した後に、この焼結体13にAgを主成分とする電極ペーストを塗布して焼付けを行い直径10mmの電極14,15を形成し、素子としてのバリスタ11を作製した。
【0023】
次に、このバリスタ11の電極14,15間に1mAの電流を流したときの電圧値を測定し、厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧(V1mA/mm)を算出した。
【0024】
このようにして数多くのロットを用い造粒粉4の色調と、バリスタ11のバリスタ電圧との関係を散布図にプロットし線形回帰直線を求めた。
【0025】
次に、造粒粉4の色調とバリスタ電圧の関係について説明する。
【0026】
図5に、主成分のZnOに対してBi23、Co34、MnO2、TiO2を各0.5mol%、Sb23を0.05mol%添加してボールミルで混合、粉砕時間を変動させて作製した造粒粉4と色調L*値、及びその造粒粉4から作製した厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧の関係を示す。
【0027】
色調L*値は、混合粉砕時間の増加と共にCo34、MnO2などの暗い色調の原材料の分散が進行するため小さくなり、また厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧も混合粉砕時間の増加と共に小さくなる。
【0028】
また、異なる粉体特性を有する原材料ロットを用い、ZnOに対してBi23、Co34、MnO2、TiO2を各0.5mol%、Sb23を0.05mol%添加した組成を一律20時間混合した造粒粉4の色調L*値と厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ値の関係を図6に示す。また色調a*とバリスタ電圧の関係及び色調b*とバリスタ電圧の関係を求める
【0029】
同一製造条件においてもバリスタ電圧と、色調L*値、a*値、及びb*値の関係に変動を生じるのは、原材料の初期粉体特性が変動することによって、各原材料どうしの混合、分散状態、即ち色調L*値、a*値、及びb*値が変動するものであり、この原材料どうしの混合、分散状態の差が厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧の変動として現れるものと考えられる。
【0030】
特にバリスタ電圧とa*値との相関性が高く、相関係数は0.95であった。
【0031】
次にバリスタ電圧とa*値の線形回帰直線の式を作成し、造粒粉4またはセラミック成形体12の色調a*値からバリスタ電圧(V1mA/mm)を推定する。造粒粉4の色調a * と焼成後の素子の厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧との関係を示す散布図データから求めた線形回帰直線は(数1)となった。
【0032】
【数1】

Figure 0004501235
【0033】
尚、コンピュータを用い測定した各色調L*値、a*値、b*値からバリスタ電圧を推定するプログラムを作成しておくのが望ましい。また、線形回帰直線の式は、ZnOに対する微量添加物の組成比毎、また混合、粉砕製造条件毎に作成する必要がある。
【0034】
次に、素子製造条件等の制御に取り込む方法について説明する。
【0035】
新規に作製した主成分のZnOに対してBi23、Co34、MnO2、TiO2を各0.5mol%、Sb23を0.05mol%添加した造粒粉4の色調を測色計1で色調を測定した色調a*値が1.081となった場合、線形回帰直線の(数1)のxにa*値の1.081を代入し、この造粒粉4で作製したバリスタ11の1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧が25.54vとなることを推定した。この結果を基に、次工程の制御条件に組み込む方法について説明する。尚、本組成においてはa*値と素子の1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧の相関性が高いためa*値を用いたが、他の組成においてはL*値、またはb*値との相関性が高くなりこれらを用いる場合もある。
【0036】
まず、成形工程において、バリスタ11に1mAの電流を流したときの目標のバリスタ電圧が27.0v(許容電圧範囲24.0〜30.0v)のバリスタ11を作製したい場合、回帰式(数1)からの推定値25.54vと、予め求めていた本組成のセラミック成形体12の厚み方向の収縮率15%を加味し、セラミック成形体12の厚み寸法を1.244mmとした。
【0037】
この寸法で作製した100個のセラミック成形体12を1250℃で焼成したバリスタ11の平均バリスタ電圧は27.6v、標準偏差は0.52となり、目標電圧値範囲に全数収まった。
【0038】
従来の製造方法であれば造粒粉4の成形、焼成を行い得られたバリスタ11のバリスタ電圧を求め、この値を成形工程にフィードバックしセラミック成形体12の厚みを決定するため、長時間を要していたが、本発明においては造粒粉4の色調を測定するだけで、セラミック成形体12の厚さを短時間で決定することが可能となり、本発明の方法が非常に有効であることが分かる。
【0039】
次に、仮焼条件を制御し目標のバリスタ電圧を得る方法について説明する。
【0040】
事前に、前記組成の造粒粉4から作製したセラミック成形体12を用い、仮焼した場合の仮焼温度とバリスタ電圧の変化率の関係について調査した結果を図に示す。図に示すように、600〜900℃の範囲では仮焼温度が高くなるに従ってバリスタ電圧の低下率が大きくなることが分かる。
【0041】
先ず、厚さ1.250mm(任意の値を用いた)のセラミック成形体12を100個作製した。このセラミック成形体12の色調を測色計1で測定したa*値が1.101であった場合、セラミック成形体12の色調の測定値は造粒粉4と同一であるため前記の回帰式(数1)のxにa*値を代入し、このセラミック成形体12から作製したバリスタ11の1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧が28.3vとなることを推定した。
【0042】
この推定値によると厚さ1.250mmのセラミック成形体12の焼成後の推定バリスタ電圧は30.07vとなり、目標バリスタ電圧範囲の24.0〜30.0v内に収めることが困難であることが分かる。
【0043】
そこで、セラミック成形体12を800℃で仮焼した後に、1250℃で焼成することによりバリスタ11の1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧は26.18vとなることが予測でき、バリスタ11の目標とするバリスタ電圧範囲に歩留まり良く収めることができる。
【0044】
この予想結果に基づきセラミック成形体12を800℃で仮焼した後に、1250℃で焼成した結果、バリスタ11の平均バリスタ電圧は27.8v、標準偏差は0.73となった。この結果、全てのバリスタ11を目標のバリスタ電圧範囲に収めることができた。
【0045】
この方法を用いることにより、正規の成形寸法から少し外れ、歩留まりの悪化が予想される場合において、仮焼工程の条件を調整することでZnOを主成分とするバリスタを歩留まり良く生産することができる有効な救済手段であることが確認できる。
【0046】
更に、焼成条件を制御して目標のバリスタ電圧を得る方法について説明する。事前に、前記組成の造粒粉4から作製したセラミック成形体12を用い、バリスタ11に電流1mAの電流を流したときのバリスタ電圧が焼成工程の昇温速度100℃/hを基準にして、それより遅く、または速くした場合の電圧値の低下率を調査しその結果を図に示す。
【0047】
に示すように昇温速度が100℃/hより遅くなるとバリスタ電圧の低下率が大きく、速いと増加することが分かる。
【0048】
先ず、厚さ1.250mm(任意の値に設定した)のセラミック成形体12を100個成形した。このセラミック成形体12の色調を測色計1で測定したa*値が1.101であった場合、前記の回帰式(数1)のxにa*値を代入し、このセラミック成形体12から作製したバリスタ11の1mA当たりのバリスタ電圧が28.3vとなることが推定できる。
【0049】
この推定値によると厚さ1.250mmのセラミック成形体12の成形後の推定バリスタ電圧は30.07vとなり、目標のバリスタ電圧範囲の24.0〜30.0v内に収めることが困難であり、バリスタ11の目標電圧値範囲に歩留まり良く収めるためには、セラミック成形体12を昇温速度80℃/hで昇温し1250℃で焼成することにより、バリスタ11の1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧は25.47vとなることが推定できる。
【0050】
この予想に基づきセラミック成形体12を昇温速度80℃/hで昇温し1250℃で焼成した結果、平均バリスタ電圧は27.2v、標準偏差は0.65となり、全てのバリスタ11を目標のバリスタ電圧範囲内に収めることができた。
【0051】
この方法を用いることにより、正規の成形寸法から少し外れ、歩留まりの悪化が予想される場合においても焼成工程の条件を調整することでZnOを主成分とするバリスタ11を歩留まり良く生産することができる有効な手段であることが確認できた
【0052】
【発明の効果】
以上、本発明のセラミック電子部品の製造方法では焼成後の素子の電気特性を高い確度で得られる
【0053】
従って混合済み材料の色調を測定することにより原材料の粉体特性、およびこれを用いた混合、粉砕工程の変動を迅速に精度良く得られ、成形条件の制御に取り込むことにより、高い歩留まりでのセラミック電子部品を製造することが可能となり、その効果は大きいものとなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施の形態における色調の測定装置の概略図
【図2】 同色調を定量化するL***表色系座標軸の図
【図3】 本発明及び従来例のセラミック電子部品のセラミック成形体の外観斜視図
【図4】 本発明及び従来例のセラミック電子部品の外観斜視図
【図5】 同粉砕時間と造粒粉の色調L*値、及び焼成後の素子の厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧の関係を示す図
【図6】 同造粒粉の色調L*値と焼成後の素子の厚さ1mm当たりのバリスタ電圧の関係を示す図
【図】 同素子に1mAの電流を流したとき、仮焼温度でのバリスタ電圧の低下率を示す図
【図】 同素子に1mAの電流を流したとき、バリスタ電圧と焼成昇温速度との関係を示す図
【図】 従来のセラミック電子部品の一例を示す外観斜視図
【符号の説明】
1 測色計
2 測色部
3 透明容器
4 造粒粉
11 バリスタ
12 セラミック成形体
13 焼結体
14,15 電極[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ceramic electronic component.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 9 is an external perspective view showing an example of a ceramic electronic component. In FIG. 9 , reference numeral 21 denotes a ceramic electronic component. Electrodes 23 and 24 are formed on both surfaces of a ceramic molded body 22, and varistor characteristics, piezoelectric characteristics, etc. are formed between the electrodes according to the characteristics of the ceramic molded body 22. The
[0003]
A manufacturing method of the ceramic electronic component configured as described above will be described below.
[0004]
First, a plurality of ceramic raw material powders selected for obtaining predetermined characteristics are mixed to obtain a mixed powder, and a binder is mixed with the mixed powder to obtain a slurry. At this time, the mixed powder in a range defined by inspecting the powder characteristics of the ceramic raw material, the particle size distribution of the mixed powder, and the like in advance is used.
[0005]
This mixed powder is molded to obtain a disk-shaped ceramic molded body 22. Next, an electrode paste is applied to both surfaces of the ceramic molded body 22 to form the baked electrodes 23 and 24, thereby obtaining the ceramic electronic component 21.
[0006]
Thereafter, a predetermined electrical signal is input between the electrodes 23 and 24 of the ceramic electronic component 21 to measure and inspect the varistor characteristics, piezoelectric characteristics, and the like of the ceramic electronic component 21.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the above-described conventional example, the correlation between the powder characteristics of the ceramic raw material, the particle size distribution of the mixed powder, and the electrical characteristics of the ceramic electronic component 21 is performed in advance, but it is difficult to obtain a highly accurate correlation. Therefore, it is necessary to perform highly accurate characteristic evaluation after molding and firing or after the ceramic electronic component 21 is formed. Therefore, if a satisfactory performance is not obtained at the stage of the characteristic evaluation after a long process such as molding and firing until the characteristic evaluation, it is difficult to use the manufactured ceramic electronic component 21 and the productivity is impaired. Had.
[0008]
The present invention is made to solve the above conventional problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a ceramic electronic component capable of improving productivity by reducing manufacturing defects.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
[0010]
The present invention includes a mixing step of obtaining a mixed material in which ceramic raw material powder containing the main component ZnO is mixed and dispersed, a forming step of forming the mixed material to obtain a ceramic formed body, and firing the ceramic formed body In the method of manufacturing a ceramic electronic component comprising: a relational expression between a color tone a * value (L * a * b * color system) of a mixed material and a varistor voltage per unit thickness of the element after firing. determined in advance, a method of manufacturing ceramic electronic components for controlling the thickness of the color tone a * value of blended material based on the varistor voltage is substituted into the equation the ceramic molded body of the mixing step, pre-blended material and color tone of the, previously led to linear regression line from the correlation scatter plot of the electrical characteristics of the device after firing resulting from the ceramic body, by measuring the color tone of the blended material, the Mixing using variations or various raw materials quickly raw materials based on the value, to perceive the variation in the grinding process, it is possible to incorporate the control of the conditions of the molding process, with a small variation in properties of the resulting ceramic electronic component The effect | action and effect which can reduce a defect and improve productivity are acquired.
[0011]
In addition , in a varistor material composition in which a small amount of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2, etc. is added to the main component ZnO, and mixed and dispersed, the color tone of the mixed material and the electrical characteristics of the element after firing Since there is a strong correlation, the effect and effect of improving productivity can be obtained.
[0012]
At least by including Ti O 2, powder characteristics or mixing Ti for growing ZnO particles in the device after firing with the addition of Ti to the varistor composition up to about 100 times the initial particle size in the ceramic raw material powder The dispersion state of Ti in the powder is very important, and in the ceramic electronic component using the mixed powder containing Ti, an action and an effect for improving the productivity can be obtained.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using a varistor mainly composed of ZnO in a ceramic electronic component.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color tone measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram of L * a * b * color system coordinate axes for quantifying the color tone according to the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a ceramic electronic component. FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of a ceramic electronic component (varistor) of the same embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a grinding time and color tone L * value of the granulated powder of the same embodiment. , and illustrates the relationship between the varistor voltage value of the element after firing, Figure 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between varistor voltage value after firing shades L * value of the granulated powder of the same embodiment, FIG. 7 is the same embodiment FIG. 8 is a graph showing the rate of decrease in the voltage value at the calcining temperature when a current of 1 mA is passed through the element of FIG. 8 , and FIG. 8 shows the voltage value and the firing rate when a current of 1 mA is passed through the element of the same embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship with a temperature rate.
[0015]
3 and 4, reference numeral 11 denotes a varistor which is an element of a ceramic electronic component. Electrodes 14 and 15 are formed on both surfaces of a sintered body 13 obtained by firing the ceramic molded body 12. Varistor characteristics are configured.
[0016]
The varistor of the arrangement, with reference to FIGS, illustrating a manufacturing method below.
[0017]
First, 0.5 mol% each of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , and TiO 2 and 0.05 mol% of Sb 2 O 3 are added to the main component ZnO and mixed and pulverized by a ball mill. Then, a binder, a dispersing agent, etc. are added and mixed to prepare a slurry.
[0018]
Next, the slurry is granulated with a spray dryer to obtain a mixed powder (granulated powder) 4 of mixed materials. The mixed powder (granulated powder) 4 is molded at a pressure of 80 MPa / cm 2 to produce a disk-shaped ceramic molded body 12 having a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm shown in FIG.
[0019]
A method for quantifying the color tone of the mixed powder obtained in the manufacturing process and estimating the electrical characteristics will be described below.
[0020]
Munsell color system, XYZ color system, Hunter Lab color system, L * C * h * color system, L * a * b * color system, etc. are known as color tone measurement methods. Since the * a * b * color system is the most commonly used method for representing the color of an object and is also used in the “JIS Z8729-1994 color” display method, the present invention uses this method. . As shown in FIG. 2, this color system is a method for indicating where the color tone of the object to be evaluated is in the color space. The brightness component is on the L * axis, the red and green components are on the a * axis, yellow and The blue component is represented by the b * axis, L * from 0 (black) to 100 (white), the a * + direction is red, the-direction is green, the b * + direction is yellow, and the-direction is blue. The
[0021]
The mixed powder 4 is set in the color measuring unit 2 of the colorimeter 1 shown in FIG. 1, and the color tone is measured. If the mixed granulated powder 4 is put in the transparent container 3 of the colorimetric unit 2 and tapped lightly about 5 times, the filling state is stabilized and the color tone is stabilized, and the repeatability of the measured value is improved .
[0022]
Next , the ceramic molded body 12 is fired at a heating rate of 100 ° C./h and 1250 ° C. to form a sintered body 13, and then an electrode paste containing Ag as a main component is applied to the sintered body 13 and baked. Electrodes 14 and 15 having a diameter of 10 mm were formed, and a varistor 11 as an element was produced.
[0023]
Next, a voltage value when a current of 1 mA was passed between the electrodes 14 and 15 of the varistor 11 was measured, and a varistor voltage (V1 mA / mm) per 1 mm thickness was calculated.
[0024]
Thus, using many lots, the relationship between the color tone of the granulated powder 4 and the varistor voltage of the varistor 11 was plotted on a scatter diagram to obtain a linear regression line.
[0025]
Next, the relationship between the color tone of the granulated powder 4 and the varistor voltage will be described.
[0026]
In FIG. 5, 0.5 mol% each of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , and TiO 2 and 0.05 mol% of Sb 2 O 3 are added to ZnO as a main component and mixed and pulverized by a ball mill. The relationship between the granulated powder 4 produced by varying the time, the color tone L * value, and the varistor voltage per 1 mm thickness produced from the granulated powder 4 is shown.
[0027]
The color tone L * value decreases as the mixing and grinding time increases, and the dispersion of dark-colored raw materials such as Co 3 O 4 and MnO 2 progresses, and the varistor voltage per 1 mm thickness decreases as the mixing and grinding time increases. Become.
[0028]
Moreover, using raw material lots having different powder characteristics, 0.5 mol% each of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , and TiO 2 and 0.05 mol% of Sb 2 O 3 were added to ZnO. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the color tone L * value of the granulated powder 4 in which the composition is uniformly mixed for 20 hours and the varistor value per 1 mm thickness . Also obtain the relationship of the relationship between color tone a * and the varistor voltage and color b * and the varistor voltage.
[0029]
Even under the same manufacturing conditions, the relationship between the varistor voltage and the color tone L * value, a * value, and b * value changes because the initial powder characteristics of the raw material fluctuate. The state, that is, the color tone L * value, the a * value, and the b * value fluctuate, and it is considered that the difference between the mixing and dispersion states of the raw materials appears as the fluctuation of the varistor voltage per 1 mm thickness.
[0030]
In particular, the correlation between the varistor voltage and the a * value was high, and the correlation coefficient was 0.95.
[0031]
Next, an equation of a linear regression line of the varistor voltage and the a * value is created, and the varistor voltage (V1 mA / mm) is estimated from the color tone a * value of the granulated powder 4 or the ceramic molded body 12. The linear regression line obtained from the scatter diagram data showing the relationship between the color tone a * of the granulated powder 4 and the varistor voltage per 1 mm thickness of the fired element was (Equation 1).
[0032]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004501235
[0033]
It is desirable to create a program for estimating the varistor voltage from each color tone L * value, a * value, and b * value measured using a computer. In addition, the equation of the linear regression line needs to be prepared for each composition ratio of the trace additive with respect to ZnO, and for each mixing and pulverization manufacturing condition.
[0034]
Next, a method of taking in control of element manufacturing conditions and the like will be described.
[0035]
Color tone of granulated powder 4 in which 0.5 mol% each of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , and TiO 2 and 0.05 mol% of Sb 2 O 3 are added to the newly produced main component ZnO. When the color tone a * value obtained by measuring the color tone with the colorimeter 1 is 1.081, the a * value of 1.081 is substituted for x of the linear regression line (Equation 1), and this granulated powder 4 It was estimated that the varistor voltage per 1 mm of the varistor 11 manufactured in step 1 was 25.54v. Based on this result, a method of incorporating it into the control conditions of the next process will be described. In the present composition was used a * values due to the high correlation between the varistor voltage per 1mm of a * value and the element, in other compositions high correlation with the L * value or b * values, Sometimes these are used.
[0036]
First, in the molding process, when it is desired to produce a varistor 11 having a target varistor voltage of 27.0 v (allowable voltage range 24.0 to 30.0 v) when a current of 1 mA is passed through the varistor 11, a regression equation (Equation 1 ) And the shrinkage rate 15% in the thickness direction of the ceramic molded body 12 of the present composition obtained in advance were taken into account, and the thickness dimension of the ceramic molded body 12 was 1.244 mm.
[0037]
The average varistor voltage of the varistor 11 obtained by firing 100 ceramic molded bodies 12 having these dimensions at 1250 ° C. was 27.6 v, and the standard deviation was 0.52, which was entirely within the target voltage value range.
[0038]
In the conventional manufacturing method, the varistor voltage of the varistor 11 obtained by forming and firing the granulated powder 4 is obtained, and this value is fed back to the forming process to determine the thickness of the ceramic formed body 12. However, in the present invention, the thickness of the ceramic molded body 12 can be determined in a short time only by measuring the color tone of the granulated powder 4, and the method of the present invention is very effective. I understand that.
[0039]
Next, a method for controlling the calcination conditions to obtain a target varistor voltage will be described.
[0040]
FIG. 7 shows the results of investigating the relationship between the calcining temperature and the rate of change of the varistor voltage when calcined beforehand using the ceramic compact 12 produced from the granulated powder 4 having the above composition. As shown in FIG. 7 , it can be seen that in the range of 600 to 900 ° C., the rate of decrease in varistor voltage increases as the calcining temperature increases.
[0041]
First, 100 ceramic molded bodies 12 having a thickness of 1.250 mm (using arbitrary values) were produced. When the a * value obtained by measuring the color tone of the ceramic molded body 12 with the colorimeter 1 is 1.101, the measured value of the color tone of the ceramic molded body 12 is the same as that of the granulated powder 4, and thus the regression equation described above. The a * value was substituted for x in (Equation 1), and it was estimated that the varistor voltage per 1 mm of the varistor 11 produced from the ceramic molded body 12 was 28.3v.
[0042]
According to this estimated value, the estimated varistor voltage after firing the ceramic molded body 12 having a thickness of 1.250 mm is 30.07 v, and it is difficult to be within the target varistor voltage range of 24.0 to 30.0 v. I understand.
[0043]
Accordingly, it is possible to predict that the varistor voltage per 1 mm of the varistor 11 is 26.18v by calcining the ceramic molded body 12 at 800 ° C. and then firing at 1250 ° C. Can be stored in a good yield.
[0044]
Based on this prediction result, the ceramic molded body 12 was calcined at 800 ° C. and then calcined at 1250 ° C. As a result, the average varistor voltage of the varistor 11 was 27.8 v and the standard deviation was 0.73. As a result, all the varistors 11 could be kept within the target varistor voltage range.
[0045]
By using this method, a varistor mainly composed of ZnO can be produced with high yield by adjusting the conditions of the calcination step when the yield is expected to deviate slightly from the normal molding size. It can be confirmed that this is an effective remedy.
[0046]
Furthermore, a method for obtaining the target varistor voltage by controlling the firing conditions will be described. In advance, using the ceramic molded body 12 produced from the granulated powder 4 having the above composition, the varistor voltage when a current of 1 mA was passed through the varistor 11 was based on the temperature increase rate of 100 ° C./h in the firing step. FIG. 8 shows the results of investigating the rate of decrease in the voltage value when the speed is made slower or faster.
[0047]
As shown in FIG. 8 , it can be seen that the rate of decrease of the varistor voltage is large when the rate of temperature rise is slower than 100 ° C./h, and increases when it is fast.
[0048]
First, 100 ceramic molded bodies 12 having a thickness of 1.250 mm (set to an arbitrary value) were formed. When the a * value obtained by measuring the color tone of the ceramic molded body 12 with the colorimeter 1 is 1.101, the a * value is substituted for x in the regression equation (Equation 1), and the ceramic molded body 12 It can be estimated that the varistor voltage per 1 mA of the varistor 11 produced from the above is 28.3v.
[0049]
According to this estimated value, the estimated varistor voltage after molding of the ceramic molded body 12 having a thickness of 1.250 mm is 30.07 v, which is difficult to be within the target varistor voltage range of 24.0 to 30.0 v. In order to keep the yield within the target voltage value range of the varistor 11, the ceramic molded body 12 is heated at a heating rate of 80 ° C./h and fired at 1250 ° C., so that the varistor voltage per 1 mm of the varistor 11 is 25.degree. It can be estimated to be 47v.
[0050]
Based on this prediction, the ceramic molded body 12 was heated at a heating rate of 80 ° C./h and fired at 1250 ° C. As a result, the average varistor voltage was 27.2 v and the standard deviation was 0.65. It was within the varistor voltage range.
[0051]
By using this method, it is possible to produce the varistor 11 mainly composed of ZnO with a high yield by adjusting the conditions of the firing process even when the yield is expected to be slightly deviated from the normal molding size. It was confirmed that this was an effective means .
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the ceramic electronic component manufacturing method of the present invention, obtained with high accuracy the electrical characteristics of the device after firing.
[0053]
Thus raw material powder properties by measuring the color tone of the blended materials, and mixing using the same, quickly and accurately obtain the change of the grinding process, by taking the control of the molding conditions, the ceramic at high yield Electronic components can be manufactured, and the effect is great.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color tone measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram of L * a * b * color system coordinate axes for quantifying the same color tone. External perspective view of ceramic molded body of ceramic electronic component [FIG. 4] External perspective view of ceramic electronic component of the present invention and a conventional example [FIG. 5] The same grinding time, color tone L * value of granulated powder, and element after firing Figure 7 the device shown Figure 6 relation varistor voltage thick per 1mm of the element after firing the color L * value of the granulated powder showing the relationship between the thickness varistor voltage per 1mm of Fig. 8 is a graph showing the rate of decrease in varistor voltage at the calcining temperature when a current of 1 mA is applied to Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the varistor voltage and the firing rate when a current of 1 mA is applied to the element. Figure 9 is an external perspective view showing an example of a conventional ceramic electronic component [code theory ]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Colorimeter 2 Color measuring part 3 Transparent container 4 Granulated powder 11 Varistor 12 Ceramic molded body 13 Sintered body 14,15 Electrode

Claims (2)

主成分のZnOを含むセラミック原料粉末を混合分散させた混合済み材料を得る混合工程と、この混合済み材料を成形してセラミック成形体を得る成形工程と、前記セラミック成形体を焼成する工程とを備えるセラミック電子部品の製造方法において、混合済み材料の色調a * 値(L * * * 表色系)と焼成後の素子の単位厚さ当たりのバリスタ電圧との関係式をあらかじめ求め、前記混合工程の前記混合済み材料の色調a * 値を前記関係式に代入したバリスタ電圧に基づき前記セラミック成形体の厚さを制御するセラミック電子部品の製造方法。 A mixing step of obtaining a mixed material in which ceramic raw material powder containing ZnO as a main component is mixed and dispersed, a forming step of forming the mixed material to obtain a ceramic formed body, and a step of firing the ceramic formed body In the manufacturing method of the ceramic electronic component provided , a relational expression between the color tone a * value (L * a * b * color system) of the mixed material and the varistor voltage per unit thickness of the element after firing is obtained in advance, A method of manufacturing a ceramic electronic component, wherein the thickness of the ceramic molded body is controlled based on a varistor voltage obtained by substituting the color tone a * value of the mixed material in the mixing step into the relational expression . 前記セラミック原料粉末はTiO 2 を含む請求項1に記載のセラミック電子部品の製造方法。 The ceramic raw material powder producing method of a ceramic electronic component according to claim 1 containing TiO 2.
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