JP4502782B2 - Vertical engine lubrication system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vertical engine lubrication device mounted on a crankcase with a crankshaft facing in the vertical direction.

  The vertical engine is a type of engine that is installed in the crankcase with the crankshaft up and down, and is also called a vertical shaft engine or vertical axis engine, and is used as a power source for mowers and lawn mowers. Has been. In such a vertical engine, the lower end portion of the crankcase is an oil pan that contains lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil in the oil pan supports the crankshaft rotatably, such as a journal portion of the crankshaft. Supplied to the sliding surface.

In order to supply the lubricating oil in the oil pan to the bearing portion that supports the lower end portion of the crankshaft in the vertical direction, Patent Document 1 discloses a lubricating oil jumper that is rotationally driven by a valve camshaft in the crankcase. A lubrication device is described which is adapted for mounting. Further, in Patent Document 2, an governor holder of a governor arranged at a right angle to the crankshaft is driven to rotate by the crankshaft, and an oil dipper (oil scraper) immersed in an oil pan lubricating oil is provided on the outer periphery of the governor holder. A lubrication device intended to be provided is described.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-32705 JP-A-8-177441 (see FIG. 5)

  However, as described in Patent Document 1, when a dedicated lubricating oil jumper is provided in the crankcase, the number of parts of the engine increases, the engine structure becomes complicated, and the manufacturing cost of the engine cannot be reduced. Further, as described in Patent Document 2, when the lubricating oil is scraped up by the oil dipper provided in the governor holder, the lubricating oil adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the governor holder is only scraped up, and the lubricating oil is sufficiently absorbed. It cannot be supplied to a desired lubricating oil demand section. In particular, in a vertical engine in which the valve operating mechanism for driving the intake / exhaust valve is an OHV type or OHC type, the combustion pressure is higher than that of a side valve type engine, so the load applied to the journal portion of the crankshaft is high. It is necessary to increase the lubrication performance of the sliding surface.

  An object of the present invention is to improve engine lubrication performance in a vertical engine.

The vertical engine lubrication device of the present invention is an oil that rotatably supports the lower end portion of the crankshaft and accommodates lubricating oil in a crankcase in which a crankshaft driven to rotate by a piston is mounted in the vertical direction. a lubrication system for vertical engine comprising providing a pan, fitted with a scraper and a support piece projecting from the crank shaft engaging portion and the engaging portion attached to the radially outward to said crankshaft, said A vertical portion extending along the crankshaft toward the oil pan is provided integrally with the support piece at the tip of the support piece, and an inflow port that opens to the lubricating oil in the oil pan is provided at the lower end portion and the upper end portion the outlet port opening above the oil level of the lubricating oil is provided, the pipe that is inclined downwardly toward the rotational direction front side, ahead of the vertical portion Wherein the bending is formed integrally with the vertical portion.

  The vertical engine lubrication device of the present invention is characterized in that the pipe is provided in a tangential direction with respect to a rotation locus of the scraper.

  According to the present invention, the scraper attached to the crankshaft has a pipe inclined downward, an inlet opening to the lubricating oil is provided at the lower end portion of the pipe, and the oil level of the lubricating oil is provided at the upper end portion. Since the outlet that opens upward is provided, the lubricating oil that flows into the pipe from the inlet by the rotation of the crankshaft always flows in a certain amount even if the oil level of the lubricating oil fluctuates. A certain amount of lubricating oil is always supplied to each lubricating oil request section. Thereby, even if the oil level fluctuates, it is possible to ensure a desired lubricating performance in each lubricating oil request part.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a vertical engine, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an intake / exhaust system of the vertical engine shown in FIGS. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  The crankcase 11 of the vertical engine 10 has a substantially cylindrical side wall portion 12a as shown in FIG. 2, and a top wall portion 12b integrally provided on the upper portion of the side wall portion 12a as shown in FIG. A case main body 12 and an oil pan 13 attached to the lower portion of the side wall portion 12a are provided, and a crank chamber 11a is formed inside. A crankshaft 14 is mounted in the crankcase 11 so as to face in the vertical direction, that is, in the vertical direction. The upper end portion of the crankshaft 14 is supported by the top wall portion 12b via a ball bearing 15 and the lower end portion is oil pan 13. It is supported by the cylindrical part 16 provided in the. In the oil pan 13, the lubricating oil L supplied to the sliding portion of each member constituting the engine, that is, the lubricating oil requesting portion is accommodated, and the lubricating oil L leaks from between the crankshaft 14 and the oil pan 13. In order to prevent this, an oil seal 17 is attached to the oil pan 13. When this vertical engine is used as a power source for a mowing (mowing) or brush cutter, a cutting blade for mowing is connected to the lower end of the crankshaft 14 directly or via a shaft (not shown). The

  A cylinder 18 is integrally provided in the case main body 12, and a piston 20 is removably mounted in a cylinder bore 19 formed in the cylinder 18 so as to face the horizontal direction. The piston 20 is connected to a connecting rod. The crankshaft 14 is rotated by the reciprocating motion of the piston 20. A cylinder head 22 is attached to the cylinder 18, and a combustion chamber 23 is formed by the cylinder head 22, the cylinder 18, and the piston 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the cylinder head 22 includes an intake port 24 that supplies an air-fuel mixture to the combustion chamber 23 and an exhaust port 25 that discharges combustion exhaust gas, and an intake pipe 26 that communicates with the intake port 24. An exhaust pipe 27 communicating with the exhaust port 25 is attached to the cylinder head 22. A spark plug 30 for igniting the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 23 is attached to the cylinder head 22 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cylinder head 22 is provided with an intake valve 31 for opening and closing the intake port 24 and an exhaust valve 32 for opening and closing the exhaust port 25, and a camshaft 34 having a valve operating cam 33 is rotatable. As shown in FIG. 2, a chain 37 is spanned between a drive-side sprocket 35 fixed to the crankshaft 14 and a driven-side sprocket 36 fixed to the camshaft 34, and the camshaft 34 is When the crankshaft 14 is driven to rotate and the crankshaft 14 rotates twice, the camshaft 34 rotates once. As shown in FIG. 3, a rocker shaft 38 provided in the cylinder head 22 includes a rocker arm 39 a that opens and closes the intake valve 31 and a rocker that opens and closes the exhaust valve 32. The arm 39b is swingably mounted. Thus, the valve mechanism for opening and closing the intake valve 31 and the exhaust valve 32 is an OHC type in which the valves 31 and 32 and the valve cam 33 are mounted on the cylinder head 22.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an engine cover 41 is attached above the crankcase 11 so as to cover it, and a cooling fan 42 fixed to the upper end of the crankshaft 14 is disposed in the engine cover 41. The cooling fan 42 generates cooling air that flows along the outer surface of the crankcase 11 by the rotation of the crankshaft 14. A recoil pulley 43 of a recoil starter for starting the engine is rotatably mounted on the engine cover 41, and a recoil rope 44 is wound around the recoil pulley 43. On the other hand, a rotating cylinder 45 is attached to the crankshaft 14, and the recoil pulley 43 is engaged with the rotating cylinder 45 when it is rotated, and the rotation of the recoil pulley 43 is transmitted to the crankshaft 14. A coupling mechanism 46 is provided. Therefore, when the operator pulls the recoil rope 44 to rotate the crankshaft 14, the crankshaft 14 can be rotated to start the engine.

As shown in FIG. 4, a governor holder 51 is rotatably mounted on the oil pan 13 in parallel with the crankshaft 14 so that the governor mechanism is configured. A driven gear 53 that meshes with the fixed drive gear 52 is provided, and the governor holder 51 is rotationally driven by the rotation of the crankshaft 14. As shown in FIG. 4, two governor weights, i.e., weights 54, are swingably attached to the governor holder 51 by pins 55, and a governor shaft 56 that comes into contact with both weights 54 is incorporated. The shaft 56 is fitted to a shaft portion 57 provided on the oil pan 13 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. When the engine speed increases, the weight 54 is swung so that the upper end portions spread with each other as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a governor lever 58 bent in an L shape is rotatably mounted on the crankcase 11, and the operating end of the governor lever 58 faces the governor shaft 56.

  5A is a perspective view showing the scraper 60 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, and FIG. 5B is a plan view of FIG. 5A.

  The scraper 60 is formed by bending a metal plate and has a fitting portion 62 in which a fitting hole 61 to be press-fitted into the crankshaft 14 is formed. An engagement piece 63 is provided on the fitting portion 62 so as to protrude radially outward from the fitting portion 62, and a tip end portion of the engagement piece 63 is bent downward. 4, the sleeve 64 is engaged with the outer periphery of the sleeve 64 fitted to the crankshaft 14, and the scraper 60 is attached to the crankshaft 14 by the engagement between the engagement piece 63 and the sleeve 64.

  The fitting portion 62 is provided with a support piece 65 that protrudes radially outward with a phase shift of approximately 180 degrees with respect to the engagement piece 63. A vertical portion 66 that is bent downward and extends along the crankshaft 14 is integrally provided. A pipe 67 is integrally provided at the tip of the vertical portion 66, and the pipe 67 is located on the front side in the rotation direction of the scraper 60 when the rotation direction of the scraper 60 by the crankshaft 14 is a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. It is inclined downward.

  A passage 67 a for the lubricating oil L is formed in the pipe 67, and the outer periphery of the passage 67 a is surrounded by the pipe 67, and an inlet 68 through which the lubricating oil L flows into the lower end portion of the pipe 67. And an outlet 69 for the lubricating oil L is provided at the upper end, and the passage 67 a communicates with the inlet 68 and the outlet 69. Under the state where the scraper 60 is attached to the crankshaft 14, the pipe 67 is immersed in the lubricating oil L in the oil pan 13 except for the upper end portion, the inlet 68 opens into the lubricating oil L, and the outlet 69. Opens above the oil level S of the lubricating oil L. The rotation trajectory of the scraper 60 is a circle as indicated by a symbol R in FIG. 5B, and the pipe 67 is inclined downward toward the front side in the rotation direction as shown in FIG. Facing tangential.

  When the scraper 60 provided with the pipe 67 having the inlet 68 opened to the lubricating oil L is rotated by the crankshaft 14, the outer peripheral surface of the inlet 68 is closed by the inner wall surface of the pipe 67. Therefore, the inflow amount of the lubricating oil L flowing into the passage 67a is a constant amount corresponding to the rotational speed, and this inflow amount is always a constant amount even if the oil level S of the lubricating oil L fluctuates. become. Accordingly, the amount of the lubricating oil L flowing in from the inlet 68 and ejected upward from the outlet 69 does not change even if the oil level S fluctuates, and the desired amount of the lubricating oil L can be reduced. Lubricating oil L can be supplied without being insufficiently supplied to each lubricating oil requesting part. As shown in FIG. 5B, when the pipe 67 is directed in the tangential direction of the rotation locus R, the partial speed in the direction toward the inlet 68 of the rotational speed of the pipe 67 increases, and the pipe 67 is inclined with respect to the tangential direction. As a result, the amount of the lubricating oil L entering the inflow port 68 can be increased.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the scraper 60, and the scraper 60 is provided with two support pieces 65 at a phase of 180 degrees with respect to the fitting portion 62. The pipe 67 is integrally provided through the vertical portion 66. As described above, by providing the scraper 60 with the two pipes 67 through the two support pieces 65 around the fitting portion 62, the amount of the lubricating oil L supplied to each lubricating oil requesting portion is increased. In addition, when the scraper 60 rotates with the crankshaft 14, the scraper 60 does not apply an eccentric load to the crankshaft 14, and the crankshaft 14 is unbalanced in rotational force. Therefore, the rotation balance of the crankshaft 14 can be kept even. Further, when two pipes 67 are provided, if the downward inclination angles of the pipes 67 are made different from each other, the lubricating oil L can be scattered from the pipes 67 to different parts. The lubricating oil L can be efficiently supplied to the lubricating oil requesting section.

  Each pipe 67 is provided radially outward with respect to the vertical portion 66, and in this case, the length of the support piece 65 is shorter than the case shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, even when one pipe 67 is provided on the support piece 65, the pipe 67 may be provided outside the vertical portion 66.

  FIG. 7 shows a scraper 60a shown as a comparative example. As shown in FIG. 7, when an inclined wall 70 for scooping up the lubricating oil L is provided at the tip of the scraper 60a, the scrubbed lubricating oil L is The amount of the lubricating oil L that is scraped up by the change in the oil level S changes from the inclined wall 70 in the lateral direction. On the other hand, in the present invention, the pipe 67 is attached to the crankshaft 14 to form a passage 67a whose outer peripheral surface is closed by the pipe 67. Therefore, even if the oil level S fluctuates, a certain amount of lubricating oil L can be supplied to the lubricating oil request section.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, although the illustrated vertical engine is used as a power source for a mowing (mowing) or brush cutter, it can also be used as a power source for other devices such as a generator. When used as a power source for a generator, a power generator is attached to the lower end of the crankshaft 14.

  In the present embodiment, the pipe 67 is formed by integrally bending the support piece 65 of the scraper 60 via the vertical portion 66. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the vertical portion 66 using the pipe 67 as a separate member. It may be fixed by welding or the like.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a vertical engine. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an intake / exhaust system of the vertical engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line in FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows a scraper, (B) is a top view of (A). It is a perspective view which shows the modification of a scraper. (A) is a perspective view which shows the scraper as a comparative example, (B) is a top view of (A).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vertical engine 11 Crankcase 13 Oil pan 14 Crankshaft 60 Scraper 62 Fitting part 63 Engagement piece 65 Support piece 66 Vertical part 67 Pipe 68 Inlet 69 Outlet

Claims (2)

Lubricating apparatus for a vertical engine, in which a crankcase mounted with a crankshaft that is driven to rotate by a piston is directed in a vertical direction, an oil pan that rotatably supports the lower end portion of the crankshaft and accommodates lubricating oil is provided. Because
A scraper having a fitting portion attached to the crankshaft and a support piece protruding radially outward from the fitting portion is attached to the crankshaft,
A vertical portion extending along the crankshaft toward the oil pan is provided integrally with the support piece at the tip of the support piece,
An inflow opening that opens to the lubricating oil in the oil pan is provided at the lower end portion, and an outflow opening that opens above the oil surface of the lubricating oil is provided at the upper end portion, and is inclined downward toward the front side in the rotational direction. 2. A vertical engine lubrication apparatus , wherein a pipe is bent and formed integrally with the vertical portion at a tip of the vertical portion . 2. The vertical engine lubrication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is provided in a tangential direction with respect to a rotation locus of the scraper.

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