JP4504408B2 - Spring-containing material processing apparatus and spring-containing material processing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a spring-containing material processing apparatus for processing a spring-containing material including a metal spring, such as a bed mat or a sofa.

  In the bed mat and sofa, a cushion made of sponge or cotton is arranged around a frame body that fixes a metal spring inside, and a synthetic fiber or natural fiber cloth is coated on the surface thereof. When the bed mat or the like having such a structure is disposed, it is directly subjected to incineration. However, when the bed mat or the like is incinerated, there are various problems. This means that the incinerator is damaged by metal members such as springs that remain after the flexible members such as cushions and cloth burn, and the metal members remaining after incineration cannot be reused, resulting in industrial waste and disposal costs. There was a problem that increased.

  Therefore, conventionally, an apparatus for disassembling the bed mat into a metal member and a flexible member has been proposed in order to perform appropriate disposal for each component of the bed mat. Such devices include a table on which the bed mat is placed horizontally, two portal frames that can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the table across the table, and water supported by one portal frame. There is a bed mat disassembling apparatus provided with a jet injector and an air suction device supported by the other portal frame (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this bed mat disassembling apparatus, water containing an abrasive is sprayed onto a bed mat placed on a table with an ultra-high pressure by a water jet sprayer to cut a flexible member, while preventing a metal member from being cut. ing. The small piece of the cut flexible member is sucked by an air suction machine, and the metal member is left on the table, whereby the bed mat is separated into the flexible member and the metal member.

  However, the conventional bed mat disassembling apparatus has a problem that the types of bed mats that can be processed are limited. When the bed mat to be treated is a bed mat in which a flexible member is arranged inside a metal member, such as a pocket coil bed mat in which individual coil springs are wrapped and accommodated in a nonwoven fabric, for example, It is difficult to collect the cut pieces of the flexible member with an air suction machine. Further, the conventional bed mat disassembling apparatus is not assumed to be used for the treatment of waste other than the bed mat such as a sofa, and there is a problem that the usability is poor.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, as a conventional apparatus capable of processing various bed mats and sofas, as shown in FIG. A crushing / separating apparatus including a magnetic separator 102 and a wind separator 103 that separately collects flexible member pieces such as cloth and cotton attached to the metal member pieces from the metal member pieces collected by the magnetic separator 102. Yes (see Patent Document 2). In FIG. 5, 106 is a cyclone that separates the flexible member pieces contained in the exhaust of the wind power sorter 103, 109 is a blower that sucks air from the cyclone 106 and pumps it to the wind power sorter 103, and 110 is a blower 109. Is a bag filter that collects dust contained in compressed air from the air, C10, C11 and C12 are belt conveyors, 121 and 161 are collection containers for collecting flexible member pieces, and 131 is for collecting metal member pieces. It is a collection container.

  The crusher 101 is a uniaxial shear type crusher that crushes a bed mat or the like by a shearing action of a plurality of rotary blades arranged in a spiral around a cylindrical rotor and a fixed blade fixed to a casing. is there. The crusher 101 includes a screen that surrounds the lower half of the rotor and has an opening of 50 mm square, and discharges the crushed material that has been crushed to 50 mm square or less through the screen. With this crusher 101, the flexible member is cut to a dimension of 50 mm square or less, while the metal member such as a spring is cut to a dimension of a maximum length of 20 mm or less.

In Patent Document 2, when a biaxial shearing machine or a hammer type crusher having two rotors is used for crushing a bed mat or the like, the crushed pieces are too large to separate the spring and the flexible member. And in order to crush a bed mat etc. to below predetermined size, it is supposed that the uniaxial shearing machine is suitable.
JP-A-8-10639 JP-A-10-290940

  However, since the above-described conventional crushing and sorting apparatus uses the wind power sorter 103 to separate and collect cloth, cotton, and the like from the metal member pieces, the cyclone 106, the wind power sorter 103, the blower 109, and the bag filter 110 are required. There is a problem that there are many components of the apparatus. When there are many apparatus components, the labor and cost of maintenance increase in addition to the apparatus cost, and there is a problem in that the cost for separating the bed mat and the like increases. In addition, there is a problem in that the control of the constituent devices becomes complicated during the operation of the apparatus, and it takes time and effort to reduce the efficiency of the crushing and sorting work.

  Further, since the crushed material crushed by the crusher 101 is in a state where the metal member pieces are entangled with the cloth or the like, the metal member pieces to which the cloth or cotton or the like is attached are collected by the magnetic sorter 102, while the magnetic material sorting is performed. A piece of metal member entangled with cloth, cotton, or the like that cannot be pulled up by the magnetic force of the machine 102 remains on the belt conveyor C11 and is received by the collection container 121. Therefore, the metal member pieces are mixed in the cloth and the like collected in the collection container 121, and there is a problem that the separation accuracy is poor.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to effectively and highly accurately crush and separate a spring-containing material including a spring into a metal member and a flexible member without using a wind sorter. An object of the present invention is to provide a spring-containing material processing apparatus that is small and inexpensive.

In order to solve the above problems, a spring-containing material processing apparatus according to the present invention is a spring-containing material processing apparatus having a metal member including a spring and a flexible member,
A crusher having a rotating shaft that is driven and rotated by a crushing blade, crushing the spring-containing material,
A crusher for crushing the crushed material crushed by the crusher,
And a magnetic separator for selecting metal member pieces from the pulverized material crushed by the pulverizer.

  According to the said structure, the spring containing material which has a metal member containing a spring and a flexible member is crushed with a crusher, and this crushed material is crushed with a crusher. Thus, by crushing with a crusher and then crushing with a crusher, the metal member piece including the spring is easily entangled with the flexible member piece, but effectively with the metal member piece and the flexible member piece. Can be separated. Therefore, the metal member pieces can be collected with almost no entanglement of the flexible member pieces only by applying a magnetic force to the crushed material with a magnetic separator. In addition, since most metal member pieces are collected from the crushed material by the magnetic separator, the crushed material after the magnetic separator is processed has almost no metal member pieces remaining and is substantially a flexible member. It becomes only a piece. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the wind sorter for separating the metal member pieces and the flexible member pieces as in the conventional case, so that equipment such as a cyclone, a wind sorter, a blower and a bag filter is not required, and a spring-containing material treatment is performed with a small number of devices. The device can be configured. As a result, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced, the labor and cost of maintenance can be reduced, and the cost required for crushing and separating the spring-containing material such as the bed mat can be reduced. Moreover, the control of the constituent devices of the spring-containing material processing apparatus can be facilitated, the operation time can be reduced, and the efficiency of the crushing and separating operation of the spring-containing material can be improved.

  Further, according to the spring-containing material processing apparatus of the present invention, the spring-containing material is crushed by a crusher. For example, not only a bed mat but also other spring-containing materials such as a sofa are processed to obtain a metal member and a flexible member. Can be separated. As described above, since many kinds of spring-containing materials can be processed, it is easy to use and the processing cost of the spring-containing materials can be reduced.

  As described in Patent Document 2, conventionally, regarding processing of spring-containing materials including springs, it has not been assumed at all to perform processing by combining a crusher and a crusher. On the other hand, the inventor of the present application adopts a new configuration in which a crushing machine is used as a post-treatment for crushing a spring-containing material including a spring, and thereby a metal member piece and a flexible member piece. As a result, the present inventors have found an extraordinary effect of effectively preventing the entanglement and enabling efficient and high-precision separation, and have made the present invention based on this finding.

  Here, in the magnetic separator, the ferroelectric material contained in the metal member is attracted by the magnetic force and separated from other members, or the non-dielectric material contained in the metal member is generated by the action of the eddy current generated by the alternating magnetic field. Widely applicable is a method of separating a metal member and a flexible member by applying a magnetic force, such as a method of flipping and separating from another member.

  In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to an embodiment, the crusher is a two-axis shearing machine having the two rotation shafts arranged in parallel to each other, and the wrapping for preventing the crushed material from being caught on each of the rotation shafts. It has a prevention part.

  According to the embodiment, the spring-containing material including the spring can be effectively crushed by the biaxial shearing machine having the two rotating shafts arranged in parallel to each other. When the spring-containing material is crushed by this biaxial shearing machine, the entanglement preventing portion can prevent the crushed material from being involved, although the spring contained in the metal member among the crushed material is easily wound around the rotating shaft. In addition, the metal member other than the spring and the entanglement of the flexible member around the rotating shaft can be prevented by the entanglement prevention unit. Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 2, it has not been assumed that a spring-containing material including a spring is crushed by a biaxial shearing machine. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, after the spring-containing material is crushed with a biaxial shearing machine having an entrainment prevention unit, the crushed material is crushed with a crusher to prevent the crushed material from being caught. The metal member and the flexible member can be effectively separated.

  In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to an embodiment, the entrainment prevention unit of the crusher is provided on each side opposite to the side where the crushing blades of the respective rotary shafts mesh with each other, and the outer peripheral surface of each of the rotary shafts. And an inclined surface forming an acute angle with the tangent line.

  According to the above embodiment, when crushing the spring-containing material with the crusher, even if the crushing material sheared by the shearing action of the crushing blade adheres to the rotating shaft, the adhering crushing material is inclined on the inclined surface of the entanglement prevention unit. It is scraped off by climbing up. Therefore, the inconvenience that the crushed material is caught on the rotating shaft can be effectively prevented.

  The spring-containing material processing apparatus according to an embodiment is configured so that the crusher crushes the spring-containing material into a strip shape having a width of more than 50 mm and a width of 75 mm or less.

  According to the said embodiment, by crushing a spring containing material into a strip shape which is larger than 50 mm and has a width of 75 mm or less by a crusher, this strip-shaped crushing piece is effectively removed by a crusher. It can be separated into a metal member piece and a flexible member piece. Here, when the width of the crushed pieces is 50 mm or less, the crushing efficiency of the spring-containing material is lowered, and the interval between the blades of the crusher is reduced, so that the springs are likely to be caught. On the other hand, when the width of the crushed pieces is larger than 75 mm, it is difficult to separate the metal member pieces and the flexible member pieces even if crushed by a crusher.

  In one embodiment of the spring-containing material processing apparatus, the crusher has a rotating shaft that is rotationally driven, and a hammer member that is swingably disposed around the rotating shaft.

  According to the above embodiment, the crushed material crushed by the crusher is crushed by the impact force of the hammer member that revolves while rotating with the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the metal member piece and the flexible member are effectively crushed. Can be separated into pieces. As described in Patent Document 2, by using a hammer-type crusher that has been considered inappropriate for a spring-containing material including a spring, after the crushing process by the crusher, crushing is performed. The metal member piece and the flexible member piece can be separated without using a wind power sorter. In particular, by combining a biaxial shearing machine and a hammer type crusher, it is possible to achieve a separating action between the metal member piece and the flexible member piece, which has never been assumed in the past.

  In one embodiment of the spring-containing material processing apparatus, the hammer member of the crusher is driven to revolve at a peripheral speed of 40 m / sec or more and 70 m / sec or less.

  According to the above embodiment, the metal member piece including the spring and the flexible member piece can be effectively separated, and the metal member piece and the flexible member piece can be separated only by the magnetic separator without using the wind separator. Can be separated. Here, when the peripheral speed of the hammer member of the crusher is smaller than 40 m / sec, the crushing effect between the metal member piece and the flexible member piece is reduced, and the metal member piece and the flexible member piece by the magnetic separator alone are reduced. Separation becomes difficult. On the other hand, if the peripheral speed of the hammer member of the crusher is greater than 70 m / sec, it is difficult to ensure the strength of the hammer member and the rotating shaft.

  In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to one embodiment, the spring-containing material is a bed mat or a sofa.

  According to the above embodiment, a spring-containing material having a metal member including a spring, such as a bed mat or a sofa, can be divided into a metal member piece and a flexible member piece efficiently and at a low cost without using a wind sorter. Can be collected separately.

The spring-containing material treatment method of the present invention is a method for treating a spring-containing material having a metal member including a spring and a flexible member,
A crushing step of crushing the spring-containing material to produce a strip-shaped crushed material having a width of more than 50 mm and 75 mm or less,
Crushing the crushed material, generating a crushed material mixed in a state where the metal member piece and the flexible member piece are separated, and
And a magnetic force sorting step for sorting metal member pieces from the crushed material by magnetic force.

  According to the said structure, the spring containing material which has a metal member containing a spring and a flexible member is crushed, and the strip-shaped crushed material which has a width | variety larger than 50 mm and 75 mm or less is produced | generated. The strip-shaped crushed material is crushed to produce a crushed material in which the metal member pieces and the flexible member pieces are mixed. Thus, although the metal member piece including the spring is easily entangled with the flexible member piece, the metal member piece can be effectively separated into the metal member piece and the flexible member piece. Therefore, the metal member pieces can be collected with almost no entanglement of the flexible member pieces only by applying a magnetic force to the crushed material. In addition, since most metal member pieces are collected from the crushed material by magnetic force, the crushed material after the magnetic separation process has substantially no metal member pieces remaining, and is substantially made only of flexible member pieces. be able to. This eliminates the need for wind separators for separating metal member pieces and flexible member pieces as in the past, eliminating the need for equipment such as cyclones, wind separators, blowers, and bag filters. A processing device can be configured. As a result, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced, the labor and cost of maintenance can be reduced, and the cost required for crushing and separating the spring-containing material such as the bed mat can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to easily control the constituent devices of the apparatus that executes the spring-containing material processing method, and it is possible to reduce the operation time of the apparatus and improve the efficiency of the processing operation of the spring-containing material.

  In the present invention, the spring is not limited to a coil-shaped spring, and a wide range of members having a predetermined shape so as to exert an elastic force, such as an S-shaped spring. In addition, a frame member that holds a shape of a bed mat or the like by fixing a spring is also widely applicable to the metal member. In addition, the flexible member widely includes a cushion material filled inside and outside the metal member, a cloth material covering the outside of the metal member and the cushion material, and the like. The cushion material includes sponges, feathers, fiber scraps, nonwoven fabrics, and the like. The cloth material includes a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, and the like. The cushion material or the cloth material may be either a natural material or a synthetic material. Moreover, the thing containing a metal member and a flexible member containing a spring like a bed mat and a sofa widely corresponds to a spring containing material.

  According to the present invention, a spring-containing material having a metal member including a spring and a flexible member is crushed by a crusher, crushed by a crusher, and collected by a magnetic separator from the crushed material. The metal member pieces and the flexible member pieces can be efficiently separated and collected by a small number of steps with a small number of devices without using a wind power sorter as in the prior art. Therefore, by using a spring-containing material processing device that has a simpler and lower-cost device structure than conventional ones, the metal member pieces and the flexible member pieces are separated and collected easily and inexpensively under simple operation control. Can be reused or incinerated. As a result, it is possible to effectively use resources that are highly effective, thereby contributing to environmental protection.

  Hereinafter, the spring-containing material processing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a spring-containing material processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. This spring-containing material processing apparatus is a spring-containing material processing apparatus that is disposed in, for example, a garbage collection facility and processes spring-containing materials including springs such as bed mats and sofas.

  The spring-containing material processing apparatus includes a crusher 1 for crushing a spring-containing material, a crusher 2 for crushing a crushed material crushed by the crusher 1, and a crushed material crushed by the crusher 2. The magnetic separator 3 generally separates the metal member pieces by magnetic force. Between the crusher 1 and the crusher 2, a belt conveyor C1 that conveys the crushed material is disposed. Between the crusher 2 and the magnetic separator 3, a belt conveyor C2 that conveys the crushed material is disposed. is doing. In the vicinity of the terminal end of the belt conveyor C2, a metal member container 4 for storing metal members and a flexible member container 5 for storing flexible members are arranged.

  FIG. 2A is a plan view showing the crusher 1 as seen from the upper inlet side, and FIG. 2B is a cross section taken out of the rotary shaft and the rotor disk taken along the line II in FIG. 2A. FIG.

  This crusher 1 is a biaxial shearing machine provided with two rotating shafts 12 and 12 which are arranged in parallel to each other and are driven to rotate in opposite directions in a casing 11 having an input port 11a in the upper part. A plurality of substantially disk-shaped rotor disks 13, 13,... As crushing blades are concentrically attached to the two rotary shafts 12, 12 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction. The rotor disk 13 of one rotating shaft 12 and the rotor disk 13 of the other rotating shaft 12 are alternately arranged so as to partially overlap each other when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12. As shown in FIG. 2B, a plurality of claw portions 14, 14,... Are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor disk 13, and the front surface 14 a facing the rotation direction has a diameter of the rotor disk 13. While extending in the direction, the back surface 14 b facing in the direction opposite to the rotation direction is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the rotor disk 13. As the two rotating shafts 12 are driven to rotate in opposite directions as indicated by arrows R1 and R2, the claw portions 14 of the rotor disk 13 attached to both rotating shafts 12 face each other. It is formed to move sequentially toward the side and downward. As a result, the spring-containing material introduced from the insertion port 11 a above the two rotary shafts 12 is bitten by the claw portions 14 of the rotor disk 13 and sent to the inside and the lower side between the two rotary shafts 12, 12. Along with this, the spring-containing material is sheared by the adjacent rotor disk 13 so as to be crushed into strips having a predetermined width. The strip-shaped crushed material is discharged from the lower outlet 11b of the casing 11 and discharged onto the belt conveyor C1.

  The rotor disk 13 has a width of about 50 mm. By the shearing operation of the adjacent rotor disks 13, the width of the strip-shaped crushed material is larger than 50 mm and not larger than 90 mm. Furthermore, in order to improve the crushing efficiency by the crusher 2, it is preferable that the width of the strip-shaped crushed material is larger than 50 mm and 75 mm or less.

  Between the adjacent rotor disks 13 and 13 fixed to the same rotating shaft 12, scrapers 15 are disposed as an entrainment prevention unit. The scraper 15 is arranged on the side where the rotor disks 13 are engaged with each other, that is, on the side opposite to the side where the two rotary shafts 12 face each other in plan view. The scraper 15 is connected to an arcuate surface 15a that is in contact with the lower part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 12 on the opposite side of the rotating shaft 12, and a lower end of the arcuate surface 15a. And an end face on the side far from the rotating shaft 12 is fixed to the inner surface of the casing 11. When the rotating shaft 12 is driven to rotate and the crushed material is sheared by the rotor disk 13, even if the sheared crushed material adheres to the surface of the rotating shaft 12, the adhered crushed material is removed by the inclined surface 15 b of the scraper 15. Remove from the rotating shaft 12. This prevents the crushed material from being caught in the rotating shaft 12.

  The scraper 15 does not have to have an arcuate surface 15 a that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 12, and an inclined surface 15 b that forms an acute angle with respect to the tangent to the rotating shaft 12 is provided close to the rotating shaft 12. Just do it. For example, the scraper may have a wedge shape having a back surface that is continuous with the tip of the inclined surface 15b in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 12, and an acute angle is formed between the back surface and the inclined surface 15b.

  Above the rotating shaft 12 and the rotor disk 13, a pusher 17 having one end pivotally attached to the inner wall surface of the casing 11 and driven to swing by a hydraulic cylinder is disposed. The spring-containing material is inserted into the rotor disk 13 by pressing the spring-containing material introduced from the inlet 11a at the top of the casing 11 downward by the pusher 17, so that the spring-containing material is efficiently crushed. Yes.

  The rotary shaft 12 is connected to a motor via a transmission (not shown) outside the casing 11 and is configured to be rotationally driven by this motor. As a result, the rotor disk 13 is rotationally driven at a peripheral speed of 3 m / sec to 4 m / sec.

  3A is a plan sectional view showing a crusher 2 for crushing the crushed material crushed by the crusher 1, and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal section showing a section taken along line II-II in FIG. 3A. FIG. 3A shows a cross section taken along line III-III in FIG. 3B.

  The crusher 2 is a hammer type crusher, and has a casing 21 provided with an inlet 21 a at the top, a single rotating shaft 22 disposed in the casing 21, and a concentric fixed to the rotating shaft 22. , As a plurality of hammer members disposed near the outer edge of the disk plate 23, and a screen 25 disposed below the rotary shaft 22. .

  The disk plate 23 has a disk shape having a diameter of 700 mm to 1000 mm and a thickness of 20 mm to 40 mm, and a central through hole is inserted through the rotary shaft 22. The plurality of disk plates 23 are arranged, for example, at intervals of about 20 mm in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 22. The outer diameter portion of the disk plate 23 is formed to have a thickness smaller than that of the inner diameter portion in order to ensure a gap in which the hammer 24 swings and to reduce the rotational moment. Each disk plate 23 is provided with four through holes in the vicinity of the outer edge at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a connecting shaft 26 extending in parallel with the axis is inserted into each through hole. Of the four connecting shafts 26, the hammers 24 are pivotally attached to two connecting shafts 26, 26 that are opposed to each other in the radial direction across the rotating shaft 22.

  As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3C, the hammer 24 is shaped like a semi-cylindrical shape by removing a corner of one end of an elongated rectangular plate-like body, and a through hole 24a is formed in the semi-cylindrical portion. Has been. A connecting shaft 26 is inserted through the through hole 24 a and is formed to be rotatable around the connecting shaft 26. The hammer 24 has a longitudinal dimension of 180 mm, a width dimension of 50 mm, and a thickness of 20 mm. One hammer 24 is disposed between adjacent disk plates 23 for each connecting shaft 26. As the rotary shaft 22 is driven to rotate and the disk plate 23 rotates, the rotary shaft 22 revolves around the rotary shaft 22 while swinging around the connecting shaft 26. The rotary shaft 22 is connected to a motor via a transmission (not shown) and is driven to rotate by this motor. Thereby, the disk plate 23 is rotationally driven at a peripheral speed of 40 m / sec to 70 m / sec, and the hammer 24 that revolves at this speed gives an impact force to the crushed material so as to be crushed. In addition, the hammer 24 and the disk plate 23 can exert a tearing action and a shearing action on the crushed material, thereby promoting crushing.

  As shown in FIG. 3D, the hammer may be formed in an octagonal cross section by forming chamfered portions 24b, 24b,... At four edges extending in the longitudinal direction of the other end. Further, the chamfer width may be made larger than that shown in FIG. 3D to form a hexagonal cross section.

  A screen 25 is disposed below the rotating shaft 22 in the casing 21 so as to surround the lower side of the revolution path of the hammer 24. The screen 25 is formed with a plurality of circular through holes having a diameter of 30 mm to 50 mm, and the crushed material crushed to a size passing through the through holes passes through the screen and is discharged from the discharge port 21b at the lower portion of the casing 21. It is supposed to be discharged. The crushed material discharged from the discharge port 21b is received by the lower conveyor C2 and sent to the magnetic separator 3.

  The magnetic separator 3 includes a conveyor belt 31 wound in a substantially trapezoidal shape on the outside, and an electromagnet unit 32 disposed inside and below the conveyor belt 31. The magnetic separator 3 is disposed above the belt conveyor C2 and supplies electric power to the electromagnet unit 32 in a state where the conveyor belt 31 is driven to circulate. The magnetic force of the electromagnet unit 32 attracts a ferromagnetic material such as iron or magnetic stainless steel as a metal member on the belt conveyor C2 and adheres it to the surface of the conveyor belt 31. The conveyor belt 31 causes the ferromagnetic material to adhere to the belt conveyor C2. Transport outside. The ferromagnetic material conveyed to the outside of the belt conveyor C2 is dropped due to a decrease in magnetic force as it moves away from the electromagnet unit 32, and is collected in the metal member container 4 outside the belt conveyor C2.

  When the metal member contained in the spring-containing material is a nonmagnetic material such as nonmagnetic stainless steel, an eddy current type nonferrous metal separator can be used in place of the magnetic separator 3. The non-ferrous metal separator is disposed between the conveyor belts of the belt conveyor C2 and has a drum containing a permanent magnet. By rotating the drum at a high speed, the non-ferrous metal separator causes eddy currents to occur on the non-ferrous metal piece on the conveyor belt by electromagnetic induction. Is generated. A repulsive force is generated between the eddy current and an alternating magnetic field generated by the drum rotating at high speed, and the non-ferrous metal piece is blown off from the drum by the repulsive force. The nonferrous metal piece bounced off from the drum is received by the metal member container 4 arranged at a predetermined distance from the end of the belt conveyor C2. Moreover, when the metal member contained in the spring-containing material is formed of a ferromagnetic material and a non-magnetic material, both the magnetic separator 3 and the non-ferrous metal separator may be used.

  The operation of processing a bed mat including a coil spring as a spring-containing material by the spring-containing material processing apparatus having the above configuration will be described.

  In the bed mat, pocket coils formed by covering a steel coil spring with a nonwoven fabric are arranged in a substantially rectangular frame formed of a steel wire. Urethane cushions are disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the frame of the metal member, and the frame, pocket coil, and cushion are covered with a cloth cover. A steel frame and a coil spring correspond to a metal member, and a nonwoven fabric, a urethane cushion, and a cloth cover correspond to a flexible member.

  The bed mat 7 is loaded into the crusher 1 from the loading port 11a as shown in FIG. 1 using a forklift or the like. In the state in which the rotating shaft 12 is rotated by a motor and the rotor disk 13 rotates, the crusher 1 drives the pusher 17 to swing downward to press the bed mat 7 toward the rotating shaft 12. As a result, the claw portion 14 of the rotor disk 13 bites into the bed mat 7, and the rotor disk 13 feeds the bed mat 7 to the inner side and the lower side between the two rotating shafts 12, 12. The bed mat 7 is sheared by the action of. Thereby, the bed mat 7 is crushed into strips having a width of 50 mm to 75 mm in accordance with the thickness of the rotor disks 13 and 13 to become crushed materials. At this time, even if the sheared crushed material adheres to the surface of the rotating shaft 12, the attached crushed material is scraped off from the rotating shaft 12 by the scraper 15 that is in contact with a part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 12. Effectively prevent. In particular, it is possible to effectively prevent the coil spring from being easily stretched along with crushing. The crushed material is discharged onto the belt conveyor C1 from the lower discharge port 11b. In the crushed material, a metal member and a flexible member are mixed, and a deformed coil spring is entangled with the flexible member.

  The strip-shaped crushed material is conveyed by the belt conveyor C <b> 1 and is charged into the charging port 21 a of the crusher 2. The crusher 2 rotates the disk 22 by rotating the rotary shaft 22 with a motor, whereby the hammers 24 and 24 revolve while swinging. The crushed material thrown into the crusher 2 is crushed by hitting with a hammer 24 that revolves while swinging. Further, the crushed pieces are sandwiched between the disc plate 23 and the hammer 24, and the crushed pieces are made smaller by shearing. When crushing progresses and the crushed metal member and the flexible member become smaller than the diameter of the through hole of the screen 25, the metal member and the flexible member fall through the through hole to the belt conveyor C2 below the screen 25. The crushed material is a mixture of metal member pieces and flexible member pieces that have been chopped by crushing, and in particular, the coil spring of the metal member is a generally linear steel wire piece without retaining the original spiral shape. ing. A linear steel wire piece formed by crushing and crushing a coil spring is mixed with a flexible member without being substantially entangled with the flexible member.

  The crushed material in which the metal member pieces and the flexible member pieces are mixed is conveyed by the belt conveyor C2 and reaches the lower part of the magnetic separator 3 near the end of the belt conveyor C2. The magnetic separator 3 supplies electric power to the electromagnet unit 32 to generate a magnetic force, and attracts the metal member pieces on the belt conveyor C <b> 2 to adhere to the surface of the conveyor belt 31. Since the metal member pieces and the flexible member pieces on the belt conveyor C2 are mixed with little entanglement, the metal member pieces are fixed to the surface of the conveyor belt 31 with almost no flexible member pieces. Moreover, most metal member pieces are attracted to the magnetic separator 3 without remaining entangled with the flexible member pieces on the belt conveyor C2 as in the prior art. The conveyor belt 31 conveys the fixed metal member piece to the outside of the belt conveyor C <b> 2, and the metal member piece falls downward due to a decrease in magnetic force accompanying this, and the dropped metal member piece is received by the metal member container 4. The piece of flexible member remaining on the belt conveyor C2 falls at the end of the belt conveyor C2, and is received by the flexible member container 5 disposed below. The metal member piece in the metal member container 4 is used as a recycled resource. On the other hand, the flexible member piece in the flexible member container 5 is incinerated. Note that the flexible member pieces may be sorted for each material by a wind sorting device or the like, and may be reused as a cushion material, a nonwoven fabric material, or the like according to the sorted material.

  As described above, according to the spring-containing material processing apparatus of the present embodiment, the bed mat having the metal member including the spring is crushed into a strip shape by the crusher 1 and crushed by the crusher 2 to thereby obtain the metal member. It is possible to effectively separate the piece and the flexible member piece. Therefore, the metal member pieces can be collected with almost no entanglement of the flexible member pieces only by applying a magnetic force to the crushed material with the magnetic separator 3. As a result, the collected metal member pieces can be used as recycled resources without taking the trouble of removing the entangled flexible member.

  In addition, the crusher 1 has an entrainment prevention portion having an inclined surface 15b that forms an acute angle with a tangent to the outer peripheral surface of each rotary shaft 12 on the opposite side in plan view to the side on which the rotor disk 13 of each rotary shaft 12 meshes. Since it is provided, it is possible to effectively prevent the crushed material from being caught on the rotating shaft. Further, by crushing the spring-containing material into strips by the crusher 1, the crushing efficiency of the metal member piece and the flexible member piece by the crusher 2 is effectively improved, and the metal member piece and the flexible member piece Can be effectively separated. Therefore, the metal member pieces can be collected with almost no entanglement of the flexible member pieces only by applying a magnetic force to the crushed material with the magnetic separator 3.

  Further, since most of the metal member pieces are collected from the crushed material by the magnetic separator 3, the crushed material after the processing of the magnetic separator 3 has substantially no metal member pieces remaining and is substantially flexible. It can be a member piece only. This eliminates the need for wind separators for separating metal member pieces and flexible member pieces as in the past, eliminating the need for equipment such as cyclones, wind separators, blowers, and bag filters. A processing device can be configured. As a result, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced, the labor and cost of maintenance can be reduced, and the cost required for crushing and separating the spring-containing material such as the bed mat can be reduced. Moreover, the control of the constituent devices of the spring-containing material processing apparatus can be facilitated, the operation time can be reduced, and the efficiency of the crushing and separating operation of the spring-containing material can be improved.

  In the said embodiment, although the case where the bed mat 7 which has a metal member containing a coil spring was processed as a spring containing material was demonstrated, the spring which the bed mat 7 has is not restricted to a coil-shaped spring, for example, S-shaped Other springs having a predetermined shape so as to exert an elastic force, such as a spring, may be used. Moreover, although the metal member was made of steel, it may be formed of other materials such as stainless steel. The flexible member is a nonwoven fabric, a urethane cushion, and a fabric cover that wraps the coil spring. . Moreover, the coil spring does not need to be wrapped with unemployed cloth. Further, the spring-containing material may be other than a bed mat, such as a sofa having a metal member including a spring and a flexible member. For example, as a spring-containing material, a vehicle seat such as an automobile or a train can be effectively separated into a metal member and a flexible member. Further, the spring-containing material may include a wooden member or a resin member in addition to the metal member and the flexible member. The wooden member and the resin member are also effectively crushed and crushed together with the metal member and the flexible member by the crusher 1 and the crusher 2, and the metal member mixed with the wooden member piece and the resin member piece is efficiently Separation can be performed separately.

  In the above embodiment, the biaxial shearing machine is used as the crushing machine, but other crushing machines can also be used. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a uniaxial shearing machine as another crushing machine, and shows a twin press type crushing machine 50 having two pushers. The crusher 50 includes a casing 51 having a spring containing material inlet 51 a at the top, a single rotary shaft 52 that is rotationally driven by a motor, and a plurality of rotary blades 53 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 52. Is provided. In the casing 51, a linear motion pusher 54 that is reciprocally driven by a hydraulic cylinder in a direction in contact with and away from the rotary shaft 52, and a pusher stage 55 that is fixed to the casing 51 and supports the linear motion pusher 54 on the upper surface are disposed. Yes. A fixed blade 56 is fixed to the end of the pusher stage 55 on the rotating shaft 52 side. Above the rotating shaft 52 in the casing 51, a swinging pusher 57 that is pivotally driven with one end pivoted is disposed. In the casing 51, a screen 58 surrounding the outer peripheral side from the side surface to the lower surface of the rotating shaft 52 is disposed. The screen 58 has a plurality of circular through holes with a diameter of 50 mm to 75 mm. In the lower part of the casing 51, a discharge port 51b for discharging the crushed material is provided.

  In this crusher 50, a spring-containing material having a metal member including a spring is input from an input port 51a and the rotary shaft 52 is driven to rotate. And the other end of the swinging pusher 57 is pressed toward the rotating shaft 52. The spring-containing material is crushed by the shearing action of the rotating blade 53 and the fixed blade 56 that rotate, and passes through the screen 58 and is discharged from the discharge port 51b when the dimension becomes 50 mm to 75 mm or less. The crushed material discharged from the discharge port 51b falls on the belt conveyor C1 and is conveyed to the crusher 2.

  The crusher 50 can effectively shear a spring that is relatively difficult to shear to a predetermined size or less by pressing a spring-containing material toward the rotating shaft 52 with the linear motion pusher 54 and the swinging pusher 57. . When the spring is a coil spring, the rotary blade 53 is rotated by the rotary shaft 52 having a diameter significantly larger than the coil spring diameter, so that the spring can be effectively crushed without being caught in the rotary shaft 52. Can do.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the hammer type crusher was used as a crusher, you may use another crusher.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the spring containing material processing apparatus of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows a mode that the crusher was seen from the upper inlet side. It is sectional drawing which took out and showed the rotating shaft and the rotor disc in the cross section along the II line of FIG. 2A. It is a plane sectional view showing a crusher, and is a section which meets a III-III line of Drawing 3B. It is a longitudinal section which shows the section which meets the II-II line of Drawing 3A. It is a perspective view which shows the hammer of a crusher. It is a perspective view which shows another hammer. It is a schematic diagram which shows the uniaxial shear machine as another crusher. It is a figure which shows the conventional crushing and separating apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Crusher 3 Magnetic separator 4 Metal member container 5 Flexible member container 7 Bed mat 11 Casing 12 Rotating shaft 13 Rotor disk 15 Scraper 17 Pusher 21 Casing 22 Rotating shaft 23 Disc plate 24 Hammer 31 Conveyor belt 32 Electromagnet unit C1 , C2 belt conveyor

Claims (8)

A spring-containing material processing apparatus for processing a spring-containing material having a metal member including a spring and a flexible member,
A crusher having a rotating shaft that is driven and rotated by a crushing blade, crushing the spring-containing material,
A crusher for crushing the crushed material crushed by the crusher,
A spring-containing material processing apparatus comprising: a magnetic separator for selecting a metal member piece from the pulverized material crushed by the pulverizer. In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The crusher is a biaxial shearing machine having the two rotating shafts arranged in parallel to each other, and has a entanglement preventing portion for preventing the crushed material from being caught on each rotating shaft. Material processing equipment. In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to claim 2,
The crushing prevention unit of the crusher is provided on the opposite side in plan view to the side where the crushing blades of the respective rotary shafts mesh with each other, and has an inclined surface that forms an acute angle with the tangent to the outer peripheral surface of each of the rotary shafts. A spring-containing material processing apparatus. In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The said crusher is formed so that the said spring containing material may be crushed in the strip shape which is larger than 50 mm and has a width of 75 mm or less, The spring containing material processing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The crusher includes a rotating shaft that is rotationally driven and a hammer member that is swingably disposed around the rotating shaft. In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to claim 5,
The spring-containing material processing apparatus, wherein the hammer member of the crusher is driven to revolve at a peripheral speed of 40 m / sec or more and 70 m / sec or less. In the spring-containing material processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The spring-containing material processing apparatus, wherein the spring-containing material is a bed mat or a sofa. A method for treating a spring-containing material having a metal member including a spring and a flexible member,
A crushing step of crushing the spring-containing material to produce a strip-shaped crushed material having a width of more than 50 mm and 75 mm or less,
Crushing the crushed material, generating a crushed material mixed in a state where the metal member piece and the flexible member piece are separated, and
A method for treating a spring-containing material, comprising: a magnetic material sorting step for sorting metal member pieces from the crushed material by magnetic force.

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