JP4510189B2 - Vegetation mat and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to, for example, vegetation mats you and method of its construction to be used for vegetation protection Coast such as the embankment of the river.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in the case of river bank revetment, a tension block construction method has been constructed in which concrete blocks are attached to the slope of the embankment mainly from the viewpoint of disaster prevention. Therefore, the formation of a revetment by lawn is being requested.
[0003]
Therefore, the construction method of constructing lawn mats grown in the field on the revetment slope of the river coast has come to be adopted, but in the conventional construction method, the lawn mat was simply pasted on the slope, For example, when the river water increased, the lawn mats were easily peeled off due to running water and washed away, resulting in early loss of the revetment function. There was a problem that erosion was likely to occur.
[0004]
In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has proposed a vegetation mat and a manufacturing method thereof in the specification and drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 11-181262. That is, a vegetation mat in which a lawn mat is integrated with a flexible net material. This vegetation mat is constructed by laying a flexible net material on a field, and on the net material separately. It is manufactured by spreading a lawn mat grown in step 1, entangle the root of the lawn mat with a net material, and then peeling off the net material with the lawn mat from the field.
[0005]
According to this vegetation mat and its manufacturing method, it is possible to obtain a vegetation mat with high shape retention, in which the strong surface root of the lawn mat is firmly entangled with the net material. If this vegetation mat or net material is fastened with an anchor or the like, the lawn mat is firmly rooted in the net material, so that the lawn mat is substantially firmly attached to the slope etc. via the net material. The lawn mats can be firmly attached to the slopes over time.
[0006]
For this reason, when the field turf forming the lawn mat grows well and covers the entire slope, the field turf will not peel off even if the flowing water in contact with the field turf reaches a considerable flow rate.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the vegetation mat having the above structure and the manufacturing method thereof, it is considered that after the vegetation mat is constructed, the number of wild turf defects may increase over time, or the wild turf may be replaced by other surrounding plants. . Thus, when a missing portion of the lawn occurs in the lawn mat during construction or after construction, for example, soil is sucked out from the missing portion by running water at the time of water increase.
[0008]
Also, making the vegetation mat too large will inevitably increase its weight, and it is not a good idea when it is taken into consideration that it is constructed manually. Therefore, regarding the construction of the vegetation mat, there are many cases where a large number of vegetation mats are required, and the number of joints between the vegetation mats inevitably increases. And in this joint location, in order to prevent the suction of the soil from the joint location by running water, a suction prevention sheet will be constructed on site, but as mentioned above, the construction location increases, Cost in terms of costs increases.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in mind the above-described matters, and an object can prevent suction of soil by running water, and vegetation mat capable of reducing the cost of construction surface, facilities of that It is to provide a construction method.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the vegetation mat of the present invention, there is provided a vegetation mat for use flexible vegetation revetment of rivers made by integrating the turf mat net member having the soil by running water during flooding rivers In order to prevent sucking out , a nonwoven fabric is attached to the lower surface of the net material, and at least one side of the net material projects from the end of the lawn mat (Claim 1).
[0011]
[0012]
With the above configuration, it is possible to provide a vegetation mat that can prevent soil from being sucked out by running water and can reduce the cost in terms of construction.
[0013]
Moreover, the construction method of the vegetation mat of the present invention is characterized in that to prevent the vegetation mat according to claim 1, a flowing water by suction of the soil when swollen rivers by stretched vegetation revetment area of river (Claim 2 ). The vegetation mat construction method according to claim 2 , wherein the vegetation mat is adjacent to each other, and an end portion of the upstream vegetation mat is overlapped with a net material projecting from the downstream vegetation mat from above. providing (claim 3).
[0014]
According to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the suction of the soil by running water, and facilities coating method vegetation mat capable of reducing the cost of construction surface can be provided.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 are perspective views schematically showing the configuration of a vegetation mat D and its construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The vegetation mat D is, for example, a rectangular shape having a plan view of 2000 mm × 3000 mm or a square shape having a size of 2000 mm × 2000 mm, and a lawn mat on a flexible net material 2 in which the nonwoven fabric 1 is disposed on the lower surface. 3 is integrated.
[0016]
The nonwoven fabric 1 is a member having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and a chemical fiber basis weight of 40 to 80 g / m ² , and is a polyester fiber that is a material having high durability and corrosion resistance. It is formed using a mat.
[0017]
The flexible net material 2 has substantially the same shape as the nonwoven fabric 1 in a plan view, and has a tensile strength of about 0.5 to 4 tons per 1 m of width and a scale of about 5 to 7 × 5 to 8 mm. It is formed to become. The net material 2 is formed in a lattice shape using fibers having high durability, such as nylon, polyester, aramid, carbon, polyacetal, etc. It may be braided into a net-like body having the same mesh.
[0018]
The lawn mat 3 is composed of a plurality of lawns 3a, 3a... And soil 3b held by the roots of the lawns 3a, 3a.
[0019]
The vegetation mat D includes a main body portion 4 on which the lawn mat 3 is formed, and a peripheral portion 5 formed on the periphery of the main body portion 4 and on which the lawn mat 3 is not formed. That is, the main portion 4 is a portion made of the nonwoven fabric 1, the net material 2, and the lawn mat 3, and the peripheral edge portion 5 is a portion made of the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2.
[0020]
The peripheral portion 5 is formed on both sides of the vegetation mat D in the width direction, for example, peripheral portions 5a and 5b having a width of 50 mm, and formed on one side in the longitudinal direction of the vegetation mat D, for example, a peripheral portion 5c having a width of 250 mm. The vegetation mat D is formed on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the vegetation mat D, for example, a peripheral portion 5d having a width of 50 mm.
[0021]
3 and 4A to 4D are an exploded perspective view and an explanatory view for illustrating a method of manufacturing the vegetation mat D. FIG.
The vegetation mat D is manufactured as follows. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), after the nonwoven fabric 1 is laid on the field 6, a flexible net material 2 is stacked on the nonwoven fabric 1 (FIG. 4 (B)). A lawn mat 3 separately grown on the field 6 is spread over the material 2 (FIG. 4C). Then, at the stage where the roots of the turf 3a are entangled with the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2 (FIG. 4D), the net material 2 is removed from the nonwoven fabric 1 while cutting the roots of the turf 3a extending below the nonwoven fabric 1. The vegetation mat D is completely manufactured by removing the vegetation mat 6 from the field 6.
[0022]
In the method for manufacturing the vegetation mat D described above, when the vegetation mat D is started, the square material K or the like is arranged around the net material 2 and when the vegetation mat D is manufactured, the square material K or the like is taken out. If it does in this way, the said peripheral part 5 in which the lawn mat 3 is not formed in the vegetation mat D can be provided.
[0023]
Moreover, you may make it abbreviate | omit arrangement | positioning of said square material etc. and form the said peripheral part 5 by breaking down the peripheral part of the lawn mat 3 after vegetation mat D manufacture.
[0024]
In addition, it is desirable to form a dense mesh portion with a width of about 2 to 5 cm at each end of the peripheral portions 5a to 5d in order to prevent misalignment when the net is connected.
[0025]
According to the method for manufacturing the vegetation mat D having the above-described configuration, since the nonwoven fabric 1 is formed on the lower surface of the vegetation mat D, the amount of the roots of the turf 3a entering the vegetation mat D is less than the nonwoven fabric 1. Compared to the case where the vegetation mat D is not provided, the work of peeling off the vegetation mat D from the field 6 can be performed with a smaller force.
[0026]
The nonwoven fabric 1 can be attached to the net material 2 of the vegetation mat D by entwining the roots of the lawn 3a of the lawn mat 3 with the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2. You may make it mount | wear using an adhesive agent.
[0027]
The manufacturing method of the vegetation mat D is not restricted to said structure, For example, it is good also as a structure shown below. That is, first, after laying the nonwoven fabric 1 on the field 6, the flexible net material 2 is layered on the nonwoven fabric 1, and the runner of the turf 3a is planted on the net material 2 to cover the turf 3a. At the stage where the roots are entangled with the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2 and the runner grows on the lawn mat 3, the net material 2 and the nonwoven fabric 1 together with the nonwoven fabric 1 are cut while cutting the roots of the lawn 3a extending below the nonwoven fabric 1. You may make it peel from 6.
[0028]
Further, as another method for producing the vegetation mat D, the nonwoven fabric 1 is appropriately developed on, for example, a work table, a flexible net material 2 is overlaid thereon, and a lawn mat 3 is further disposed thereon. The vegetation mat D can also be obtained by uniting these three members by bundling with staples or the like, or by other connecting means such as sewing (both not shown).
[0029]
According to this manufacturing method, although the roots of the grass 3a of the lawn mat 3 are not entangled with the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2, the three parts are integrated by the connecting means. By placing anchors on the overlapping portion of 5, the lawn mat 3 can be substantially firmly attached to the slope via the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2, and over time, The grass roots of the grass mat 3 are rooted on the slope while being entangled with the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2. According to this manufacturing method, in addition to using the grass mat 3 grown in advance, the grass Since it is not necessary to wait for the entanglement of the mat 3 to the non-woven fabric 1 and the net material 2, the manufacturing time of the vegetation mat D can be further shortened by that amount.
[0030]
Next, the construction method of the vegetation mat D will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 4 (E), (F) and FIG. 5. In FIG. 1, R is the direction in which water flows. In order to construct a vegetation mat D on the river slope N for vegetation revetment, first, as shown in FIG. For example, the cage mat 7 is stretched on the excavated portion A (in addition, laying stones and futon baskets are also suitable).
[0031]
At this time, a net material 8 similar to the net material 2 described above is laid on the lower side of the cage mat 7 over an appropriate width, and the upper side portion 8a thereof is on the slope N side (bank protection area side) of the upper portion of the cage mat 7. Let it protrude. On the other hand, the net material 9 similar to the above-mentioned net material 2 is also applied to the riverbank in the vicinity of the assumed maximum water level at the time of water increase, preferably slightly above the highest water level H, as shown in FIG. The protruding side portion 9a on the side is protruded and embedded.
[0032]
Further, in the revetment area, the net material 10 similar to the net material 2 is buried over the upper and lower net materials 9 and 8. The net member 10 is embedded in consideration of the flow rate at the time of water increase, for example, in the direction in which the river flows, with an interval of 10 m to 30 m and with a part 10 a exposed to the downstream side.
[0033]
The net members 9 and 10 are preferably anchored 11 if necessary.
[0034]
Then, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the hook member 12 is hooked on one peripheral portion 5 c in the longitudinal direction of the vegetation mat D, and the vegetation mat D having the above-described configuration is used, for example, downstream of the revetment area using the crane 13. It is stretched on the slope N from the side toward the upstream side and from the lower side to the upper side of the revetment area (see FIG. 4E).
[0035]
At this time, with respect to the vegetation mats D, D... Arranged at the bottom of the revetment area, the other side of the net material 2 is placed on the upper side portion 8a protruding from the net material 8 laid on the lower side of the basket mat 7. The peripheral portion 5d is overlaid from above, and the anchor 11 is driven on both 8a and 5d.
[0036]
In addition, for the vegetation mats D and D that are adjacent in the vertical direction of the revetment area, the lower peripheral edge portion 5d of the upper vegetation mat D is superimposed on the upper peripheral edge portion 5c of the lower vegetation mat D from above. The anchor 11 is driven on both of these 5c and 5d.
[0037]
Furthermore, about the vegetation mat D arrange | positioned at the uppermost part of a revetment area, the upper side peripheral part 5c is piled up on the protrusion side part 9a of the net material 9, and the anchor 11 is attached to both 5c, 9a. At this time, the upper end of the vegetation mat D may exceed the protruding side 9a due to the length dimension of the vegetation mat D. In this case, the anchor is attached to the overlapping portion of the protruding side 9a. 11 may be placed, or the net material 2 may be cut to adjust the length dimension of the vegetation mat D, and the both 5c and 9a may be overlapped.
[0038]
On the other hand, for the vegetation mats D, D... Stretched from the downstream side to the upstream side of the revetment area, the upstream peripheral edge portion 5b of the downstream vegetation mat D is connected to the downstream peripheral edge of the upstream vegetation mat D. The portions 5a are overlapped from above, and the anchors 11 are driven on both the portions 5b and 5a, and the upstream peripheral portion 5b of the vegetation mat D is overlapped on the net member 10, and both the portions 10a and 10b are overlapped. 5b are connected by a connecting means (not shown) such as a coil wire or staple, and the downstream peripheral portion 5a of the upstream vegetation mat D is overlapped with this overlapping portion, and these three members 5a, 5b, The anchor 11 is driven to 10.
[0039]
At this time, the vegetation mat D may exceed the net member 10 due to the width dimension of the vegetation mat D. In this case, the connection by the connecting means is stopped and the overlapping portion to the net member 10 is anchored. 11 is cut or the net material 2 is cut, the width dimension of the vegetation mat D is adjusted, both 5b and 10 are connected by connecting means, and then the anchor 11 is attached to the three parties 5a, 5b and 10 May be placed.
[0040]
And about each overlapping part of the vegetation mats D and D which adjoin in the up-and-down and the left-right direction, and the overlapping part of the vegetation mat D and the net material 9 of the revetment area upper part side, these net materials 2 and 9 Is locked to the connection metal fitting 14 embedded in the revetment area in advance, and the covering mat 15 is applied to the lawn mat 3 so as to cover the vegetation mat D as necessary.
[0041]
In the above embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a lawn mat 16 in which the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2 are not integrated is stretched in the revetment area above the embedding area of the net material 9. However, it goes without saying that the vegetation mat D having the above-described configuration may be stretched instead of the lawn mat 16.
[0042]
According to the construction method of the vegetation mat D described above, the vegetation mat D used in the construction method is a vegetation mat D having a high shape retaining property in which the strong surface root of the lawn mat 3 is firmly rooted in the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2. Then, since the adjacent vegetation mats D are overlapped and fixed to the slope N with the anchor 11 or the like, the lawn mat 3 substantially connected to each other on the four sides is made of the nonwoven fabric 1 and the net material 2. Thus, the lawn mat 3 is firmly rooted on the slope N over time (see FIG. 4F).
[0043]
Therefore, it is possible to expect uniform greening vegetation on the entire slope N, and even if the river is increased immediately after the construction of the vegetation mat D, for example, the vegetation mat D does not easily collapse or peel off due to running water. In addition, it exhibits the function of a high water revetment immediately after construction, and is excellent on the landscape as well as effectively preventing erosion of the slope N by running water.
[0044]
In particular, since the net material 2 on the upper side and the upstream side of the adjacent vegetation mats D and D are superimposed on the net material 2 of the vegetation mat D on the lower side and the downstream side from above, the edge without defying the flowing water, the water is not more flows smoothly, is peeled vegetation mat D although being more effectively prevented.
[0045]
Moreover, the nonwoven fabric 1 is formed in the lower surface of the vegetation mat D, and this nonwoven fabric 1 is the suction which prevents the suction of the soil from the back side of the vegetation mat D by flowing water like the lawn mat 3 at the time of water increase. Has a preventive effect. For this reason, for example, a deficient portion of turf 3a occurs due to insufficient growth of turf 3a at the beginning of construction, or weed intrusion after construction (including replacement of lawn with a plant-like plant). Even if the vegetation mat D has a portion where the lawn mat 3 is lost due to an increase in the loss area of the turf 3a due to the decline of the grass 3a or the lawn 3a, the non-woven fabric 1 sucks out the soil from the portion. This can be prevented and the function of the missing turf 3a can be complemented. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the nonwoven fabric 1 from sucking soil and sand from the lower side of the peripheral portion 5 where the lawn mat 3 is not formed and the joint portion of the vegetation mat D.
[0046]
In order to obtain the above-mentioned sucking prevention effect, the non-woven fabric 1 has a plurality of holes or gaps through which the soil or sand forming the slope N is difficult to pass, and through the roots of the lawn 3a of the lawn mat 3 to some extent. Is desirable.
[0047]
Moreover, since the nonwoven fabric 1 is provided in the junction part in the vegetation mat D, in order to prevent the suction | inhalation of soil, sand, etc. by running water, a suction prevention member (for example, a suction prevention sheet) etc. is constructed on-site. This saves labor and can reduce costs in terms of construction.
[0048]
Furthermore, since the nonwoven fabric 1 does not allow soil or sand to pass therethrough, it is possible to suppress and hinder the growth of weeds that have scattered and invaded from the surroundings to the vegetation mat D after construction, thereby preventing weeds from entering.
[0049]
In the construction method of the vegetation mat D having the above-described configuration, the vegetation mat D is stretched on the slope N by using the crane 13 or the like as described above according to the weight of the vegetation mat D. You may go on.
[0050]
The construction method of the vegetation mat D is not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be configured as shown below, for example. That is, first, the nonwoven fabric 1 is stretched on the slope N, and the flexible net material 2 and the lawn mat 3 previously integrated on the nonwoven fabric 1 are bound by, for example, stapling or sewing. It is stretched using a connecting means.
[0051]
In order to stretch the non-woven fabric 1 on the slope N, for example, the peripheral portion of the non-woven fabric 1 or an appropriate portion may be anchored to the net material 8, 9, 10 or the like. 2 and lawn mat 3 may be used together.
[0052]
Moreover, although the said nonwoven fabric 1 may be stretched over the whole surface of the slope N, if it is stretched only in the location corresponded to the joint part of the vegetation mat D to be constructed, the nonwoven fabric 1 is necessary. The amount can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
[0053]
According to the vegetation mat D having the above configuration, and the manufacturing method and the construction method thereof, the speed of flowing water that contacts the vegetation mat D is 3 (m / s) or more by combining the nonwoven fabric 1 and the lawn mat 3. Even so, it is possible to prevent soil and sand from being sucked out by running water, and because the rhizome of the lawn mat 3 of the lawn mat 3 is entangled with the tough net material 2, the lawn is not easily peeled off by running water. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent erosion of river slopes and improve the landscape immediately after construction.
[0054]
In addition, in the construction of conventional vegetation mats that use general suck-out prevention materials, if general suck-out prevention materials are installed directly under the vegetation mat, rhizomes such as lawn will not be able to penetrate the slope, so use general suck-out prevention materials. After construction on the lower layer, the soil was covered with about 10 to 30 cm, and lawn was pasted thereon (that is, construction was required for at least two steps), but the vegetation mat D having the above configuration and its According to the construction method, construction can be completed in only one step.
[0055]
As a connecting structure of the overlapping portions of the peripheral portions 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d of the net material 2, the peripheral portions 5a to 5d may be folded to the lower surface side and locked to the connection fitting 14. The anchor 11 may be driven as necessary.
[0056]
In addition, as the vegetation mat D, peripheral portions 5a to 5d are projected on the four sides of the vegetation mat D, but the vegetation mat D is projected on both sides in the width direction and both sides in the longitudinal direction. Also, the vegetation mat D with the peripheral portions 5c and 5d overhanging is arranged alternately on the slope N, and the anchor 11 is placed on the overlapping portion of the vegetation mat D. Can be linked together.
[0057]
Or the vegetation mat D which made the peripheral part 5a-5d overhang on the four sides, and the vegetation mat D in which the peripheral part 5 is not formed are arrange | positioned alternately on the slope N, and this overlapping part Also, the four sides of the lawn mat 3 can be connected to each other by placing the anchor 11 on the surface. Moreover, you may drive the anchor 11 in the vegetation mat D itself, without providing the peripheral parts 5a-5d.
[0058]
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the vegetation mat D ₂ according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the member of the same structure as what was shown in the said Example, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
The configuration and effect of the vegetation mat D ₂ are almost the same as those of the first embodiment, but the difference is that the nonwoven fabric 1 is a nonwoven fabric 1 ′.
[0059]
The nonwoven fabric 1 ′ is not a rectangular shape in a plan view but has a substantially frame shape, and is formed only on the peripheral edge portion 5 including the peripheral edge portions 5 a to 5 d. In addition, the peripheral part 5 is not restricted to what consists of peripheral parts 5a-5d, For example, it may have only the peripheral parts 5a and 5b.
[0060]
In the vegetation mat D _{2 having the} above-described configuration, the amount of the nonwoven fabric 1 ′ can be reduced, so that the cost can be reduced. Further, since the nonwoven fabric 1 ′ is provided only at the peripheral edge 5 where the lawn mat 3 is not formed, the nonwoven fabric 1 ′ may be one that does not pass through the root of the lawn mat 3, or one that does not pass through the soil or sand that constitutes the slope N. That's fine.
[0061]
Further, in the vegetation mat D _{2 having} the above configuration, the nonwoven fabric 1 ′ is naturally attached to the net material 2 by utilizing the roots of the lawn 3 a of the lawn mat 3 entangled with the nonwoven fabric 1 ′ and the net material 2. Since it cannot be expected that the non-woven fabric 1 ′ is attached to the net material 2, it is desirable to perform it by an appropriate means.
[0062]
The manufacturing method and construction method of the vegetation mat D _2, since those vegetation mat D are almost the same, the description thereof is omitted.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
Can be provided by the present invention consisting of the described arrangement described, it is possible to prevent the suction of the soil by running water, and the construction methods and the vegetation mat Contact possible to lower cost of construction surface or .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a vegetation mat and a construction method thereof according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a vegetation mat and a manufacturing method thereof in the embodiment.
4 (A) to (D) are explanatory views schematically showing a configuration of a method for producing a vegetation mat in the embodiment, and (E) and (F) are views of the vegetation mat in the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the construction method roughly.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a vegetation mat construction method in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a vegetation mat and a manufacturing method thereof according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Nonwoven fabric, 2 ... Net material, 3 ... Lawn mat, D ... Vegetation mat.

Claims (3)

A vegetation mat used for river vegetation revetment by integrating a lawn mat with a flexible net material, and a nonwoven fabric is provided on the lower surface of the net material in order to prevent soil from being sucked out by running water when the river water increases. A vegetation mat that is mounted and has at least one side of the net member protruding from an end of the lawn mat. A method for constructing a vegetation mat , wherein the vegetation mat according to claim 1 is stretched over a vegetation revetment area of a river to prevent soil from being sucked out by running water when the river is increased . The vegetation mat construction method according to claim 2, wherein the vegetation mats are adjacent to each other, and an end portion of the upstream vegetation mat is overlapped with a net material projecting from the downstream vegetation mat from above .

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