JP4512936B2 - Organic inorganic hybrid glassy material - Google Patents
Organic inorganic hybrid glassy material Download PDFInfo
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- JP4512936B2 JP4512936B2 JP2003069351A JP2003069351A JP4512936B2 JP 4512936 B2 JP4512936 B2 JP 4512936B2 JP 2003069351 A JP2003069351 A JP 2003069351A JP 2003069351 A JP2003069351 A JP 2003069351A JP 4512936 B2 JP4512936 B2 JP 4512936B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ゾルゲル法により作製されたゲルを出発材料とする新しいガラス状物質に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
600℃以下で軟化する材料としては、高分子材料や低融点ガラスなどが有名であり、古くから封着・封止材料、パッシベーションガラス、釉薬など、多くのところで用いられてきた。高分子材料と低融点ガラスでは、その諸物性が異なるので、その使用できる環境に応じて使い分けられてきた。一般的には、耐熱性や気密性能が優先される場合にはガラスが、耐熱性や気密性能以外の特性が優先される分野では高分子材料に代表される有機材料が使われてきた。しかし、昨今の技術進歩に伴い、これまで要求されなかった特性も着目され、その特性をもった材料の開発が期待されている。
【0003】
このため、耐熱性や気密性能を増能させた高分子材料や、軟化領域を低温化させたガラスいわゆる低融点ガラスの開発が積極的になされている。特に、耐熱性や気密性能が要求される電子材料市場において、PbO-SiO2-B2O3系あるいはPbO-P2O5-SnF2系ガラスなどに代表される低融点ガラスは、電子部品の封着、被覆などの分野で不可欠の材料となっている。また、低融点ガラスは高温溶融ガラスに比べ、その成形加工に要するエネルギーひいてはコストを抑えられるため、省エネルギーに対する昨今の社会的要請とも合致している。さらに、光機能性能の有機物を破壊しない温度で溶融することが可能ならば、光機能性有機物含有(非線形)光学材料のホストとして光スイッチなどの光情報通信デバイスなどへの応用が期待される。このように、一般的な溶融ガラスの特徴である耐熱性や気密性能を有し、かつ高分子材料のように種々の特性を得やすい材料は多くの分野で要望され、特に低融点ガラスにその期待が集まっている。さらに、有機無機ハイブリッドガラスも低融点ガラスの一つとして着目されている。
【0004】
低融点ガラスでは、例えば、Sn−Pb−P−F−O系ガラス(例えば、非特許文献1参照)に代表されるTickガラスが有名であり、100℃前後にガラス転移点を持ち、しかも優れた耐水性を示すので、一部の市場では使われてきている。しかしながら、この低融点ガラスはその主要構成成分に鉛を含むので、昨今の環境保護の流れから代替材料に置き換える必要性がでてきている。さらには、Tickガラスに対する要求特性も大きく変化していると同時に、その要望も多様化している。
【0005】
一般的なガラスの製造方法としては、溶融法と低温合成法が知られている。溶融法はガラス原料を直接加熱することにより溶融してガラス化させる方法で、多くのガラスがこの方法で製造されており、低融点ガラスもこの方法で製造されている。しかし、低融点ガラスの場合、融点を下げるために、鉛やアルカリ、ビスマスなどの含有を必要とするなど、構成できるガラス組成には多くの制限がある。
【0006】
一方、非晶質バルクの低温合成法としては、ゾルゲル法、液相反応法及び無水酸塩基反応法が考えられている。ゾルゲル法は金属アルコキシドなどを加水分解−重縮合し、500℃を超える温度(例えば、非特許文献2参照)、通常は700〜1600℃で熱処理することにより、バルク体を得ることができる。しかし、ゾルゲル法で作製したバルク体を実用材料としてみた場合、原料溶液の調製時に導入するアルコールなど有機物の分解・燃焼、又は有機物の分解ガス若しくは水の加熱過程における蒸発放出などのために多孔質となることが多く、耐熱性や気密性能には問題があった。このように、ゾルゲル法によるバルク製造ではまだ多くの問題が残っており、特に低融点ガラスをゾルゲル法で生産することはなされていない。
【0007】
さらに、液相反応法は収率が低いために生産性が低いという問題の他、反応系にフッ酸などを用いることや薄膜合成が限度とされていることなどから、現実的にバルク体を合成する手法としては不可能に近い状態にある。
【0008】
無水酸塩基反応法は、近年開発された手法であり、低融点ガラスの一つである有機無機ハイブリッドガラスの製作も可能(例えば、非特許文献3参照)であるが、まだ開発途上であり、すべての低融点ガラスが製作できているわけではない。
【0009】
したがって、多くの低融点ガラスの製造は、低温合成法ではなく、溶融法により行われてきた。このため、ガラス原料を溶融する都合上からそのガラス組成は制限され、生産できる低融点ガラスとなると、その種類は極めて限定されていた。
【0010】
なお、現時点では耐熱性や気密性能から、低融点ガラスが材料として有力であり、低融点ガラスに代表される形で要求物性が出されることが多い。しかし、その材料は低融点ガラスにこだわるものではなく、要求物性が合致すれば、ガラス以外の低融点あるいは低軟化点物質で大きな問題はない。
【0011】
公知技術をみれば、ゾルゲル法による石英ガラス繊維の製造方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)が、ゾルゲル法による酸化チタン繊維の製造方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)が、さらにはゾルゲル法による半導体ドープマトリックスの製造方法(例えば、特許文献3参照)が開示されている。また、溶融法によるP2O5−TeO2−ZnF2系低融点ガラスが開示されている(例えば、特許文献4参照)。
【特許文献1】
特開昭62-297236号公報
【特許文献2】
特開昭62-223323号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平1-183438号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平7-126035号公報
【非特許文献1】
P.A.Tick, Physics and Chemistry of Glasses, vol.25 No.6, pp.149-154(1984).
【非特許文献2】
神谷寛一、作花済夫、田代憲子,窯業協会誌,pp.614−618,84(1976).
【非特許文献3】
高橋雅英、新居田治樹、横尾俊信,New Glass, pp.8-13,17(2002).
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
多くの低軟化点材料、特に低融点ガラスの製造は、溶融法により行われてきた。このため、そのガラス組成には多くの制限があり、ガラス原料を溶融する都合上、生産できる低融点ガラスは極めて限られていた。
【0013】
一方、低温合成法のゾルゲル法で製造した場合、緻密化のために500℃以上の処理温度が必要となるが、その温度で処理すると低融点ガラスとはならないので、結果として耐熱性や気密性能の良好な低融点ガラスを得ることはできなかった。特に、電子材料分野では、厳しい耐熱性や気密性能と低融点化に対応する低融点ガラスはなかった。さらに、耐熱性や気密性能を満足するガラス以外の低融点材料もこれまで見出されていない。
【0014】
特開昭62-297236号公報、特開昭62-223323号公報及び特開平1-183438号公報で開示された方法は、高温溶融でのみ対応可能であった材料生産を低温でも可能としたという功績はあるが、低融点ガラスを製造することはできない。また、ゾルゲル処理後には、500℃以上での処理も必要である。一方、特開平7-126035号公報の方法では、転移点が3百数十℃のガラスを作製できることが開示されている。しかし、それ以下の転移点をもつガラスを鉛やビスマスなどを始めとする低融点化材料なしで製作した例はこれまでなかった。
【0015】
すなわち、これまでの低融点ガラスの製造方法では、軟化温度が300℃以下で厳しい耐熱性や気密性能と低融点特性を同時に満たす、非鉛かつシリカを主体としたガラス状物質はなかった。また、ガラス以外の材料でもこのような特性を満たすものはなかった。
【0016】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、非鉛かつシリカを主体とした有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質であって、Li、Na、K、B、P、Zr、Ta、Ge、Snの中の少なくとも1種類が添加され、ゾルゲル法で作製されたゲル体を、加熱して溶融し、さらに熟成することによって製造され、不規則網目構造を有し、軟化温度が300℃以下であることを特徴とする有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質である。
【0017】
また、有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質において、有機官能基を持つケイ素ユニットを有することを特徴とする上記の有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質である。
【0018】
この有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質は、低融点ガラス材料、光導波路、蛍光体や光触媒などの光機能性材料、湿式太陽電池や電子材料基板などの封止材等に使うことができる。また、光ファイバーなどの機能性繊維や機能性薄膜にも使うことができる。さらに、他の材料と組み合わせることにより、又は単独でも、建築材料、車両材料など、多くの応用が可能である。
【0019】
【発明の実施形態】
本発明は、非鉛かつシリカを主体とした有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質であって、軟化温度が300℃以下である有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質である。
【0020】
上記の有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質において、Li、Na、K、B、P、Zr、Ta、Ge、Snの中の少なくとも1種類が添加されていることが重要である。上述の添加物が少なくとも1種類が添加されていることが必要である。その添加物がなければ、非鉛かつシリカを主体とした、不規則網目構造を有し、軟化温度300℃以下の有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質とすることは極めて難しい。
【0021】
上記の有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質において、有機官能基Rを持つケイ素ユニットを有する有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質である。この物質中に有機官能基Rを持つケイ素ユニットを有しない場合、非鉛かつシリカを主体とした、不規則網目構造を有し、軟化温度300℃以下の有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質とすることは極めて難しい。
【0022】
有機官能基Rは、アルキル基やアリール基が代表的である。アルキル基としては、直鎖型でも分岐型でもさらには環状型でも良い。アルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基(n−、i−)、ブチル基(n−、i−、t−)、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基(炭素数:1〜20)などが挙げられ、特に好ましいのはメチル基とエチル基である。さらに、アリール基としては、フェニル基、ピリジル基、トリル基、キシリル基などがあり、特に好ましいのはフェニル基である。当然ながら、有機官能基は上述のアルキル基やアリール基に限定されるものではない。
【0023】
出発原料は金属アルコキシド、金属アセチルアセトナート、金属カルボキシレート、硝酸塩、金属水酸化物、又は金属ハロゲン化物であり、先ずゾルゲル法によりゲル体を製作する。この出発原料は、上記以外でも、ゾルゲル法で使われているものであれば問題はなく、上記の出発原料に限定されない。
【0024】
但し、その得られたゲル体を加熱し、溶融状態とすることが必要である。これまでのゾルゲル法では、ゲル体を溶融するという概念はほとんどなく、そのまま焼結工程に入っていた。ゲル体をそのまま焼結した場合、例えば透明状材料を得ることはできるが、融点の低い材料を得ることはできない。
【0025】
また、前記の溶融工程の後に、熟成工程を入れることも必要である。熟成工程を経なければ、所望の有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質を得ることはできない。単に溶融しただけでは系内に反応活性な水酸基(−OH)が残留しており、これを冷やし固めたとしても、その残留した水酸基(−OH)が加水分解−脱水縮合を起こして、結果的にクラックが生じたり、破壊したりする。
【0026】
【実施例】
以下、実施例に基づき、述べる。
(実施例1) 出発原料には金属アルコキシドのフェニルトリエトキシシラン(PhSi(OEt)3)とエタノールを用いた。容器中でフェニルトリエトキシシランに水、エタノール、触媒である塩酸にオルトリン酸を加え、室温で2時間撹拌し、ゲル化させた。その後、約100℃で乾燥し、そのゲル体を135℃で1時間溶融し、それに引き続いて200℃で5時間熟成することにより透明状物質を得た。
【0027】
10℃/minで昇温したTMA測定での収縮量変化から軟化挙動開始点を求め、その開始温度を軟化温度としたところ、この物質の軟化温度は270℃であった。この物質を再加熱したが、結晶化現象も認められなかった。また、リガクTG-DTA装置TAS100およびNicolet社赤外吸収装置AVATOR360型により、でケイ素ユニットが存在していることを確認した。不規則網目構造を有していたことも考慮すると、今回得た透明状物質は有機無機ハイブリッドガラス構造をとる物質、すなわち有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質である。
【0028】
このガラス状物質の気密性能をみるため、得られた有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質の中に有機色素を入れ、1ヶ月後の染み出し状態を観察した。この結果、染み出しは全く認められず、気密性能を満足していることが分かった。また、100℃の雰囲気下に300時間置いたこの有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質の転移点を測定したが、その変化は認められず、耐熱性にも問題がないことが確認された。さらに、得られた有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質を1ヶ月間、大気中に放置したが、特に変化は認められず、化学的耐久性に優れていることも確認できた。
【0029】
(実施例2) 出発原料には金属アルコキシドのフェニルトリエトキシシラン(PhSi(OEt)3)とエタノールを用いた。容器中でフェニルトリエトキシシランに水、エタノール、触媒である塩酸に塩化スズと亜リン酸を加え、室温で2時間撹拌し、ゲル化させた。その後、約100℃で乾燥し、そのゲル体を135℃で1時間溶融し、それに引き続いて200℃で5時間熟成することにより透明状物質を得た。
【0030】
この物質の軟化温度は250℃であった。このガラス状物質を再加熱したが、結晶化現象も認められなかった。また、リガクTG-DTA装置TAS100およびNicolet社赤外吸収装置AVATOR360型により、でケイ素ユニットが存在していることを確認した。不規則網目構造を有していたことも考慮すると、今回得た透明状物質は有機無機ハイブリッドガラス構造をとる物質、すなわち有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質である。
【0031】
この有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質の気密性能をみるため、得られたガラス状物質の中に有機色素を入れ、1ヶ月後の染み出し状態を観察した。この結果、染み出しは全く認められず、気密性能を満足していることが分かった。また、100℃の雰囲気下に300時間置いたこの有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質の転移点を測定したが、その変化は認められず、耐熱性にも問題がないことが確認された。さらに、得られた有機無機ハイブリッドガラス状物質を1ヶ月間、大気中に放置したが、特に変化は認められず、化学的耐久性に優れていることも確認できた。
【0032】
(比較例1) 実施例1とほぼ同様の原料を用い、容器中でフェニルトリエトキシシランとエチルトリエトキシシランに水、エタノール、触媒である塩酸を加え、室温で2時間撹拌し、ゲル化させた。その後、約100℃で乾燥し、そのゲル体を600℃で焼成した。
【0033】
この結果、得られた物質は800℃でも軟化せず、低融点物質とは言えなかった。
【0034】
(比較例2) 実施例2とほぼ同様の原料を用い、容器中でフェニルトリエトキシシランとエチルトリエトキシシランに水、エタノール、触媒である塩酸を加え、室温で2時間撹拌し、ゲル化させた。その後、約100℃で乾燥し、それに引き続いて500℃で焼成した。
【0035】
この結果、得られた物質は800℃でも軟化せず、低融点物質とは言えなかった。
【0036】
(比較例3) 実施例2とほぼ同様の原料を用い、容器中でフェニルトリエトキシシランとエチルトリエトキシシランに水、エタノール、触媒である塩酸を加え、室温で2時間撹拌し、ゲル化させた。その後、約100℃で乾燥後、550℃で焼成した。
【0037】
この結果、得られた物質は800℃でも軟化せず、低融点物質とは言えなかった。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、これまで不可能とされてきた軟化温度が300℃以下で厳しい耐熱性や気密性能と低融点特性を同時に満たす、非鉛かつシリカを主体としたガラス状物質を得ることができた。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new glassy substance starting from a gel prepared by a sol-gel method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As materials that soften at 600 ° C. or lower, polymer materials and low-melting glass are well known, and have been used in many places such as sealing and sealing materials, passivation glasses, glazes, and the like. Polymer materials and low-melting glass have different physical properties, so they have been used properly according to the environment in which they can be used. In general, glass is used when heat resistance and hermetic performance are prioritized, and organic materials represented by polymer materials are used in fields where properties other than heat resistance and hermetic performance are prioritized. However, along with recent technological progress, attention has been paid to properties that have not been required so far, and development of materials having such properties is expected.
[0003]
For this reason, the development of polymer materials with increased heat resistance and airtight performance and so-called low-melting glass, which is a glass with a softened region lowered in temperature, has been actively carried out. Especially in the electronic materials market where heat resistance and airtightness are required, low melting point glass such as PbO-SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 or PbO-P 2 O 5 -SnF 2 It is an indispensable material in fields such as sealing and coating. In addition, the low melting point glass can reduce the energy required for the molding process and the cost compared to the high temperature molten glass, and therefore, it meets the recent social demand for energy saving. Furthermore, if it can be melted at a temperature that does not destroy the organic substance having optical functional performance, it can be expected to be applied to an optical information communication device such as an optical switch as a host of the optical functional organic substance-containing (nonlinear) optical material. As described above, materials having heat resistance and airtightness, which are the characteristics of general molten glass, and easily obtaining various properties such as polymer materials are demanded in many fields. Expectations are gathered. Furthermore, organic-inorganic hybrid glass is also attracting attention as one of low-melting glass.
[0004]
As the low melting point glass, for example, Tick glass represented by Sn-Pb-PFO glass (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1) is famous, and has a glass transition point around 100 ° C., and is excellent. It has been used in some markets due to its water resistance. However, since this low melting point glass contains lead as a main component, it is necessary to replace it with an alternative material from the recent trend of environmental protection. Furthermore, the required characteristics for Tick glass have changed greatly, and at the same time the demands have diversified.
[0005]
As a general glass production method, a melting method and a low-temperature synthesis method are known. The melting method is a method in which a glass raw material is directly heated to be melted and vitrified. Many glasses are produced by this method, and low-melting glass is also produced by this method. However, in the case of a low-melting glass, there are many restrictions on the glass composition that can be constructed, such as the need to contain lead, alkali, bismuth, etc. in order to lower the melting point.
[0006]
On the other hand, as a low-temperature synthesis method of amorphous bulk, a sol-gel method, a liquid phase reaction method, and an acid anhydride base reaction method are considered. In the sol-gel method, a bulk body can be obtained by hydrolysis-polycondensation of metal alkoxide and the like, and heat treatment at a temperature exceeding 500 ° C. (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2), usually 700 to 1600 ° C. However, when a bulk material produced by the sol-gel method is viewed as a practical material, it is porous due to the decomposition and combustion of organic substances such as alcohol introduced during the preparation of the raw material solution, or evaporative emission in the process of heating organic decomposition gas or water. In many cases, there were problems in heat resistance and airtightness. As described above, many problems still remain in bulk production by the sol-gel method, and in particular, low-melting glass has not been produced by the sol-gel method.
[0007]
In addition, the liquid phase reaction method has a low yield, resulting in low productivity, the use of hydrofluoric acid in the reaction system and the limited synthesis of thin films. It is almost impossible to synthesize.
[0008]
The anhydride-base reaction method is a technique developed in recent years, and it is possible to produce an organic-inorganic hybrid glass that is one of low-melting glasses (for example, see Non-Patent Document 3), but it is still under development. Not all low-melting glasses can be made.
[0009]
Therefore, many low-melting-point glasses have been manufactured not by a low-temperature synthesis method but by a melting method. For this reason, the glass composition is limited for the convenience of melting the glass raw material, and the kind of the low melting glass that can be produced is extremely limited.
[0010]
At present, low-melting glass is a promising material due to heat resistance and airtightness, and required physical properties are often obtained in a form typified by low-melting glass. However, the material is not particular about the low melting point glass, and if the required physical properties match, there is no major problem with a low melting point or low softening point substance other than glass.
[0011]
Looking at the known technology, a method for producing quartz glass fibers by the sol-gel method (for example, see Patent Document 1), a method for producing titanium oxide fibers by the sol-gel method (for example, see Patent Document 2), and further a semiconductor by the sol-gel method. A method for manufacturing a dope matrix (see, for example, Patent Document 3) is disclosed. Further, P 2 O 5 —TeO 2 —ZnF 2 -based low-melting glass by a melting method is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 4).
[Patent Document 1]
JP 62-297236 A [Patent Document 2]
JP 62-223323 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-183438 [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-126035 [Non-Patent Document 1]
PATick, Physics and Chemistry of Glasses, vol.25 No.6, pp.149-154 (1984).
[Non-Patent Document 2]
Kamiya, K., Sakuhana, K., Tashiro, No., Journal of Ceramic Association, pp.614-618, 84 (1976).
[Non-Patent Document 3]
Masahide Takahashi, Haruki Niida, Toshinobu Yokoo, New Glass, pp.8-13, 17 (2002).
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Many low softening point materials, particularly low melting glass, have been manufactured by melting methods. For this reason, the glass composition has many restrictions, and the low melting glass which can be produced was very limited on account of melting a glass raw material.
[0013]
On the other hand, when manufactured by the sol-gel method of the low temperature synthesis method, a processing temperature of 500 ° C. or higher is required for densification, but if it is processed at that temperature, it does not become a low melting point glass, resulting in heat resistance and airtight performance. No good low melting point glass could be obtained. In particular, in the field of electronic materials, there has been no low-melting glass corresponding to severe heat resistance, airtight performance and low melting point. Furthermore, no low-melting-point material other than glass that satisfies heat resistance and hermetic performance has been found so far.
[0014]
The methods disclosed in JP-A-62-297236, JP-A-62-223323, and JP-A-1-183438 made it possible to produce materials at low temperatures that could only be handled by high-temperature melting. Although there is an achievement, low melting glass cannot be manufactured. Further, after sol-gel treatment, treatment at 500 ° C. or higher is also necessary. On the other hand, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-126035 discloses that a glass having a transition point of 3 and several tens of degrees Celsius can be produced. However, there has been no example of manufacturing a glass having a transition point lower than that without a low melting point material such as lead or bismuth.
[0015]
That is, in the conventional low melting point glass manufacturing methods, there has been no glassy substance mainly composed of lead and silica that has a softening temperature of 300 ° C. or less and satisfies severe heat resistance, airtightness performance and low melting point characteristics at the same time. In addition, no material other than glass satisfies such characteristics.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is an organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance mainly composed of lead and silica, to which at least one of Li, Na, K, B, P, Zr, Ta, Ge, Sn is added, and a sol-gel An organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material produced by heating and melting a gel body prepared by the method, further aging , having an irregular network structure, and having a softening temperature of 300 ° C. or lower It is.
[0017]
The organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material is the above organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material characterized by having a silicon unit having an organic functional group.
[0018]
This organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance can be used for low melting glass materials, optical waveguides, optical functional materials such as phosphors and photocatalysts, sealing materials such as wet solar cells and electronic material substrates, and the like. It can also be used for functional fibers such as optical fibers and functional thin films. Furthermore, many applications such as building materials and vehicle materials are possible by combining with other materials or alone.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material mainly composed of lead and silica and having a softening temperature of 300 ° C. or lower.
[0020]
In the above organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material, it is important that at least one of Li, Na, K, B, P, Zr, Ta, Ge, and Sn is added. It is necessary that at least one of the above-mentioned additives is added. Without the additive, it is extremely difficult to obtain an organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material having an irregular network structure mainly composed of lead and silica and having a softening temperature of 300 ° C. or lower.
[0021]
The organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material is an organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material having a silicon unit having an organic functional group R. When this substance does not have a silicon unit having an organic functional group R, an organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance having an irregular network structure mainly composed of lead and silica and having a softening temperature of 300 ° C. or less Extremely difficult.
[0022]
The organic functional group R is typically an alkyl group or an aryl group. The alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group (n-, i-), a butyl group (n-, i-, t-), a pentyl group, a hexyl group (carbon number: 1 to 20). Particularly preferred are methyl and ethyl groups. Furthermore, examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, a tolyl group, and a xylyl group, and a phenyl group is particularly preferable. Of course, the organic functional group is not limited to the above-described alkyl group or aryl group.
[0023]
The starting material is metal alkoxide, metal acetylacetonate, metal carboxylate, nitrate, metal hydroxide, or metal halide. First, a gel body is produced by a sol-gel method. Other than the above, this starting material is not limited to the above starting materials as long as it is used in the sol-gel method.
[0024]
However, it is necessary to heat the gel body obtained to a molten state. In the conventional sol-gel method, there is almost no concept of melting the gel body, and it has entered the sintering process as it is. When the gel body is sintered as it is, for example, a transparent material can be obtained, but a material having a low melting point cannot be obtained.
[0025]
It is also necessary to put an aging step after the melting step. The desired organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material cannot be obtained without going through an aging step. Reactively active hydroxyl group (-OH) remains in the system simply by melting, and even if this is cooled and hardened, the residual hydroxyl group (-OH) causes hydrolysis-dehydration condensation, resulting in Will crack or break.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, description will be made based on examples.
Example 1 Metal alkoxides phenyltriethoxysilane (PhSi (OEt) 3 ) and ethanol were used as starting materials. In a container, water, ethanol, and orthophosphoric acid were added to phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid as a catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to gelate. Thereafter, the gel was dried at about 100 ° C., and the gel was melted at 135 ° C. for 1 hour, followed by aging at 200 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain a transparent material.
[0027]
The starting point of the softening behavior was determined from the change in shrinkage in the TMA measurement with the temperature raised at 10 ° C./min. The starting temperature was taken as the softening temperature, and the softening temperature of this substance was 270 ° C. This material was reheated, but no crystallization phenomenon was observed. In addition, it was confirmed that the silicon unit was present by Rigaku TG-DTA apparatus TAS100 and Nicolet infrared absorption apparatus AVATOR360 type. In consideration of having an irregular network structure, the transparent material obtained this time is a material having an organic-inorganic hybrid glass structure, that is, an organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material.
[0028]
In order to check the hermetic performance of this glassy substance, an organic dye was put into the obtained organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance, and the bleeding state after one month was observed. As a result, no oozing was observed and it was found that the airtight performance was satisfied. Further, the transition point of this organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance placed in an atmosphere of 100 ° C. for 300 hours was measured, but no change was observed, and it was confirmed that there was no problem in heat resistance. Furthermore, although the obtained organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance was left in the atmosphere for one month, no particular change was observed, and it was confirmed that it was excellent in chemical durability.
[0029]
(Example 2) Phenyltriethoxysilane (PhSi (OEt) 3 ) and ethanol, which are metal alkoxides, were used as starting materials. In a container, water and ethanol were added to phenyltriethoxysilane, tin chloride and phosphorous acid were added to hydrochloric acid as a catalyst, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to be gelled. Thereafter, the gel was dried at about 100 ° C., and the gel was melted at 135 ° C. for 1 hour, followed by aging at 200 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain a transparent material.
[0030]
The softening temperature of this material was 250 ° C. This glassy material was reheated, but no crystallization phenomenon was observed. In addition, it was confirmed that the silicon unit was present by Rigaku TG-DTA apparatus TAS100 and Nicolet infrared absorption apparatus AVATOR360 type. In consideration of having an irregular network structure, the transparent material obtained this time is a material having an organic-inorganic hybrid glass structure, that is, an organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material.
[0031]
In order to check the airtight performance of this organic-inorganic hybrid glassy material, an organic dye was put into the obtained glassy material, and the bleeding state after one month was observed. As a result, no oozing was observed and it was found that the airtight performance was satisfied. Further, the transition point of this organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance placed in an atmosphere of 100 ° C. for 300 hours was measured, but no change was observed, and it was confirmed that there was no problem in heat resistance. Furthermore, although the obtained organic-inorganic hybrid glassy substance was left in the atmosphere for one month, no particular change was observed, and it was confirmed that it was excellent in chemical durability.
[0032]
(Comparative Example 1) Using substantially the same raw materials as in Example 1, water, ethanol, and hydrochloric acid as a catalyst were added to phenyltriethoxysilane and ethyltriethoxysilane in a container, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to gel. It was. Then, it dried at about 100 degreeC and the gel body was baked at 600 degreeC.
[0033]
As a result, the obtained substance was not softened even at 800 ° C. and could not be said to be a low melting point substance.
[0034]
(Comparative example 2) Using the raw material substantially the same as Example 2, water, ethanol, and hydrochloric acid which is a catalyst are added to phenyltriethoxysilane and ethyltriethoxysilane in a container, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to be gelled. It was. Thereafter, it was dried at about 100 ° C. and subsequently fired at 500 ° C.
[0035]
As a result, the obtained substance was not softened even at 800 ° C. and could not be said to be a low melting point substance.
[0036]
(Comparative Example 3) Using substantially the same raw materials as in Example 2, water, ethanol, and hydrochloric acid as a catalyst were added to phenyltriethoxysilane and ethyltriethoxysilane in a container, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to gel. It was. Then, it dried at about 100 degreeC and baked at 550 degreeC.
[0037]
As a result, the obtained substance was not softened even at 800 ° C. and could not be said to be a low melting point substance.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a non-lead and silica-based glassy material that simultaneously satisfies severe heat resistance, air tightness performance and low melting point characteristics at a softening temperature of 300 ° C. or less, which has been impossible until now. did it.
Claims (2)
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| JP2003069351A JP4512936B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Organic inorganic hybrid glassy material |
| EP04720180A EP1605010A4 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-12 | Organic-inorganic hybrid vitreous material and method for producing same |
| PCT/JP2004/003293 WO2004081086A1 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-12 | Organic-inorganic hybrid vitreous material and method for producing same |
| KR1020057016981A KR100768577B1 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-12 | Organic-inorganic hybrid vitreous material and method for producing same |
| US10/800,010 US7802450B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-03-15 | Organic-inorganic hybrid glassy materials and their production processes |
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