JP4515768B2 - 光学回路製造方法及び装置 - Google Patents
光学回路製造方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
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- G02B6/2817—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using reflective elements to split or combine optical signals
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Description
したがって、特定の光部品により達成される位置合わせ許容誤差の知識(例えば、光学部品の製造許容差の知識による)は、中空コア導波路の寸法を、高い結合効率が確実になるように選択することを可能にする。
しかしながら、これは、本発明の範囲を制限するものであると決して見なされるべきではない。中空コアは、あらゆる流体(例えば、液体であるか又は窒素のような不活性ガス)を含むことができ、又は真空であってもよい。中空コアという用語は、単純に、如何なる固体材料もないコアのことを意味する。さらに、全内反射(TIR)という用語は、ここでは、減衰された全内反射(ATIR)を含むものとする。
図1を参照すると、典型的な従来技術のシリコン光学ベンチ装置が示されている。
図1Aは、微細加工により作られた中空チャネル4と、一対のはんだ接続器6とを有するシリコン光学ベンチ2を示す。シリコン光学ベンチ2は、レーザ8及びシリカ光学繊維ケーブル10を保持するように構成されている。
図1Bは、シリカ光学繊維10及びレーザダイオード8がシリコン光学ベンチ2上に取り付けられた状態を示す。中空チャネル4は、十分に高い精密さで形成されるため、レーザ8からの光学的出力は、シリカ光学繊維10の端部と精密に位置合わせされる。はんだ接続器6は、電気接続を与え、レーザダイオード8を基板に取り付ける。
低屈折率シリカ層20が、シリコン光学ベンチ基板22上に堆積される。ドープ処理されたシリカの高屈折率層がシリカ層20上に形成され、高屈折率導波路コア24は該ドープ処理されたシリカの高屈折率層の一部をエッチングによって除去することにより形成される。
図8Aは、シリコン基板160に形成された中空導波路構造から製造されたビーム分割器を示す。ビーム分割器は、入力中空コア導波路162、第1出力中空コア導波路164、及び第2出力中空コア導波路166を備える。入力中空コア導波路162を通って伝播する光は、薄いシリコン壁168から第1出力中空コア導波路164の中に部分的に反射され、さらに、部分的に、第2出力中空コア導波路166の中に透過されて結合される。
を有することが分かる。
の関数として示す。曲線620は、基本モードに結合されたパワーを示すが、曲線622は、より高いオーダーのモードに結合された光学的パワーを示す。
だけ横方向に変位された第1の中空コア導波路650を示す。横方向変位の関数としてのパワー結合係数が図18Bに示され、ここでは、曲線654は基本モードに結合されたパワーを示し、曲線656は、より高いオーダーのモードに結合された光学的パワーを示す。
Claims (42)
- 半導体基板と、複数の光学部品とを備え、前記複数の光学部品が光学的にリンクされるように、1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路が前記半導体基板に形成された光通信用光回路装置であって、前記複数の光学部品の各々が、前記半導体基板に形成された位置合わせスロットに保持され、各々の位置合わせスロットが、保持されている前記光学部品の前記1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路に対する位置合わせを定めるように配置されていることを特徴とする光通信用光回路装置。
- 請求項1に記載される装置であり、かつ前記半導体基板材料から形成された少なくとも1つの光学部品をさらに含む装置。
- 前記半導体基板がシリコンからなる前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記半導体基板が、絶縁体上シリコン(SOI)ウエハからなる前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記半導体基板が前記光通信用光回路装置の基体部分を形成し、蓋部分が付加的に形成されて、前記1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路が形成されるようになった前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の光学部品が前記蓋部分に取り付けられた請求項5に記載の装置。
- 前記蓋部分が半導体材料からなる請求項5ないし請求項6のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記蓋部分の前記半導体材料がシリコンである請求項7に記載の装置。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の光学部品が、前記蓋部分の前記半導体材料に形成された請求項7ないし請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路の少なくとも幾らかの内側表面が反射コーティングを支持する前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記反射コーティングが1つ又はそれ以上の材料層を含み、作動波長域内での導波路コアの屈折率より低い有効屈折率を有する表面を与えるようになった請求項10に記載の装置。
- 前記反射コーティングが、金、銀、又は銅のいずれか1つで構成された少なくとも一層を含む請求項11に記載の装置。
- 前記反射コーティングが、少なくとも一層の誘電材料を含む請求項11又は請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記反射コーティングが、少なくとも一層の炭化ケイ素を含む請求項11に記載の装置。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路のうちの少なくとも1つが、基本モードの伝播を支持する前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路のうちの少なくとも1つが、多モードの伝播を支持する請求項1ないし請求項14のいずれかに記載の装置。
- 前記多モード領域が、イメージ再形成が生じる長さである請求項16に記載の装置。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路のうちの少なくとも1つが、ほぼ長方形の内側断面を有する前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路のうちの少なくとも1つが、ほぼ正方形の内側断面を有する請求項18に記載の装置。
- 前記長方形の中空コア光導波路が、第1の導波路壁に対して平行な第1の断面寸法と、前記第1の断面寸法に対して垂直の第2の断面寸法とを有し、前記第1の断面寸法が、少なくとも10%だけ前記第2の断面寸法より大きい請求項18に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの長方形の内側断面の中空コア光導波路を定める表面の屈折率が、ほぼ等しい請求項18から請求項20までのいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記長方形の内側断面の中空コア光導波路を形成する向かい合う表面が、ほぼ等しい有効屈折率を有し、該前記長方形の内側断面の中空コア光導波路を形成する隣接する表面が、異なる有効屈折率を有する請求項18から請求項20までのいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記長方形の内側断面の中空コア光導波路の一対の向かい合う表面が、高屈折率のコーティングを支持する請求項22に記載の装置。
- 0.1μmから20μmまでの波長帯における放射線による作動のための前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 3μmから5μmまでの波長域における放射線による作動のための前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 8μmから12μmまでの波長域における放射線による作動のための請求項1から請求項24までのいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 1.4μmから1.6μmまでの波長域における放射線による作動のための請求項1から請求項24までのいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記半導体基板が、光学繊維ケーブルを受け取るようにされ、かつ、前記光学繊維ケーブルを前記半導体基板の前記1つ又はそれ以上の中空コア光導波路のうちの1つと光学的に結合するようにされた少なくとも1つの位置合わせスロットを備えた前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- モード適合手段が、付加的に、前記位置合わせスロット付近に設けられて、光学繊維のモードと、異なるコア直径の中空コア光導波路の類似したモードとの間の結合を可能にするようになった請求項28に記載の装置。
- 前記モード適合手段が、GRIN又は球面レンズのいずれか1つである請求項29に記載の装置。
- 前記位置合わせスロットが中空コア光導波路を受け取るように配置された請求項28から請求項30までのいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記位置合わせスロットが、レンズ形状の光学繊維を受け取るようにされた請求項28に記載の装置。
- 前記2つ又はそれ以上の光学部品のうちの少なくとも1つが、マイクロ電子機械(MEMS)装置を含むようになった前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記2つ又はそれ以上の光学部品のうちの少なくとも1つが、光を、前記半導体基板の平面の外に向けるように傾斜された鏡面を含むようになった前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前述の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置であって、さらに少なくとも1つのマイクロ波部品を含むようになった装置。
- 前記半導体基板が、付加的に、中空コアマイクロ波導波路を含むようになった前述の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 光学部品を保持するための複数の位置合わせスロットを備え、1つ又はそれ以上の中空チャネルが形成された半導体基板を備えた光通信用光回路装置の基体部分であって、前記基体部分が、適切な蓋部分と組み合わされたときに、少なくとも1つの中空コア導波路が形成されるように配置される前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の光通信用光回路装置の基体部分。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の中空導波路チャネルと、光学部品を受け取って位置合わせする複数の位置合わせスロットとが形成された半導体基板を備えた請求項1から請求項36までのいずれか1項に記載の光通信用光回路の基体部分。
- 請求項37から請求項38までのいずれか1項に記載された基体部分を取り出す段階と、これに蓋を取り付ける段階とを含む光通信用光回路を製造する方法。
- 1つ又はそれ以上の中空チャネルと、複数の位置合わせスロットとを半導体基板に微細加工する段階を含む光通信用光回路装置を製造する方法であって、前記1つ又はそれ以上の中空チャネルが、使用において、中空コア導波路として作用し、複数の位置合わせスロットの各々が、そこに保持されている光学部品を受動的に位置合わせするように配置されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項39から請求項40までのいずれかに記載の方法であって、前記中空チャネルの内側表面を、作動波長域内での導波路コアの屈折率より低い屈折率を有する材料層により被覆する付加的な段階を含む方法。
- (a)請求項40から請求項41までのいずれか1項の方法を用いて、少なくとも1つの中空コア光導波路と、光学部品を受け取る複数のスロットとが形成された半導体基板を取り出す段階と、
(b)光学部品を少なくとも1つのスロットの中に導入する段階と、
を含み、前記光学部品を少なくとも1つのスロットの中に導入する段階が、さらに、前記光学部品を位置合わせするように作用する光通信用光回路を形成する方法。
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2002
- 2002-01-29 GB GBGB0201969.3A patent/GB0201969D0/en not_active Ceased
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2003
- 2003-01-28 AU AU2003202697A patent/AU2003202697A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-28 US US10/502,847 patent/US20050089262A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-28 KR KR1020047011661A patent/KR100928408B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-28 DE DE60301553T patent/DE60301553T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-28 EP EP03701608A patent/EP1470439B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-28 CN CN038074028A patent/CN1643413B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-28 WO PCT/GB2003/000331 patent/WO2003065091A2/en not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1470439A2 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
| US7428351B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 |
| KR20040073600A (ko) | 2004-08-19 |
| EP1605287A3 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| KR100928408B1 (ko) | 2009-11-26 |
| CA2474330A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| CN1643413A (zh) | 2005-07-20 |
| DE60301553T2 (de) | 2006-06-22 |
| EP1470439B1 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| US20050089262A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| DE60301553D1 (de) | 2005-10-13 |
| AU2003202697A1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
| WO2003065091A3 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
| CN1643413B (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
| JP2005516253A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
| GB0201969D0 (en) | 2002-03-13 |
| WO2003065091A2 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| EP1605287A2 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
| ATE304182T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
| TWI252940B (en) | 2006-04-11 |
| US20070165980A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| TW200302367A (en) | 2003-08-01 |
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