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JP4523198B2 - Method for producing aqueous resin composition - Google Patents
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JP4523198B2 - Method for producing aqueous resin composition - Google Patents

Method for producing aqueous resin composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4523198B2
JP4523198B2 JP2001158896A JP2001158896A JP4523198B2 JP 4523198 B2 JP4523198 B2 JP 4523198B2 JP 2001158896 A JP2001158896 A JP 2001158896A JP 2001158896 A JP2001158896 A JP 2001158896A JP 4523198 B2 JP4523198 B2 JP 4523198B2
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Prior art keywords
component
water
resin composition
aqueous resin
parts
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JP2001158896A
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JP2002348306A (en
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元章 荒木
恭弘 山口
英夫 武内
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Resonac Holdings Corp
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Showa Highpolymer Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、水性樹脂組成物の製造方法に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、高い浸透性を有し、弾性塗料密着性、旧塗膜密着性、耐水性、耐温冷繰り返し性に優れた塗膜を形成することができる水性樹脂組成物の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、外壁材として表面が緻密なセメント押し出し成形板から、多孔質なALC板まで幅広く開発されている。これら多様な基材に対し、建築外装塗料としては、その物性面等から樹脂をトルエン、キシレン等の混合溶剤で希釈した有機溶剤系塗料が多く使用されている。
しかしながら、近年有機溶剤による大気汚染に関する社会問題、有機溶剤系塗料のもたらす人体への悪影響の問題、さらに1990年5月の消防法改訂による輸送および貯蔵に関する規制処置への対応等から、水系で無公害の塗料の開発が望まれてきている。
また近年、外壁の改修として、劣化した塗膜上に再度塗装を施す場合が増加している。そのため、改修用プライマーとしては、下地旧塗膜との密着性が求められる。また、上塗り塗料としても、近年弾性を有する水系塗料が多く使用されており、様々な下地旧塗膜、上塗り塗料に対して幅広く良好な密着性を有するプライマーが要求されている。
【0003】
従来、この様な目的で使用される水系プライマーとしては、塩素化オレフィン樹脂の溶剤組成物を水に乳化したエマルションタイプのものが知られている。しかし、このプライマーは性能面で優れているものの、塩素を含有しており、人体、地球環境への危険性が危惧されている。
また、乳化重合によるアクリル系エマルションタイプのプライマーも知られている。このプライマーは性能面では良好だが、塩素化オレフィン系に比較すると使用できる上塗り塗料の種類が限定される。また、粒子径が大きいため、高い浸透性を得るのは困難である。
水溶性のアクリル樹脂を用いて樹脂に自己乳化性を持たせ微粒子化したディスパージョンタイプのプライマーも知られている。これは、下地基材に対する浸透性に優れているが、形成される皮膜は、耐水性、耐アルカリ性等の点で、十分に満足のいくものではない。
かかる社会的、実用的事情により有機溶剤系塗料に匹敵する無公害の水系塗料に対する技術的な向上が大いに望まれる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、溶剤型塗料と同等の高い浸透性、弾性塗料密着性、旧塗膜密着性、耐水性、耐温冷繰り返し性を具備する水性樹脂組成物の製造方法の提供にある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、溶剤系塗料に匹敵する性能を有する水性樹脂組成物を作ることを目的に、分散型水性樹脂における樹脂組成・形態の浸透性・固着性への影響について鋭意研究した結果、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
すなわち本発明は、イオン性水溶性樹脂Aを保護コロイドとして用い、前記成分Aの存在下、水を媒体として1種または2種以上の不飽和モノマーをエマルジョン重合し、得られた重合体のコア部Bと前記成分Aのシェル部とからなる微粒子エマルジョンを形成し、さらに、イオン性水溶性樹脂Cを添加することを特徴とする水性樹脂組成物の製造方法を提供するものである。
また本発明は、成分Aのシェル部とコア部Bの重量比率が、A:B=10:90〜90:10であり、成分A+Bの合計100に対する成分Cの重量比率が10〜100である前記の製造方法を提供するものである。
また本発明は、成分Aおよび成分Cが、ジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマー5〜50重量%およびその他の不飽和モノマーからなる単量体混合物を共重合してなる共重合体を、ジアルキルアミノ基に対して0.5〜1.5当量の範囲の酸で中和して水に溶解または分散した水溶性樹脂である前記の製造方法を提供するものである。
また本発明は、成分Cの添加後さらに、ジアルキルアミノ基に対して0.1〜1.5当量の範囲のエピクロルヒドリンを20〜100℃で添加する前記の製造方法を提供するものである。
また本発明は、成分Aが、カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマー3〜40重量%およびその他の不飽和モノマーよりなる単量体混合物を共重合してなる共重合体を、カルボキシル基に対して0.5〜1.5当量の範囲のアルカリで中和して水に溶解または分散した水溶性樹脂である前記の製造方法を提供するものである。
また本発明は、前記の製造方法により得られた、水性樹脂組成物を提供するものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
(成分A)
本発明における成分Aは、イオン性水溶性樹脂であり、その種類はとくに制限されないが、中でも、成分Aとしてジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマーおよびその他の不飽和モノマーからなる単量体混合物を用いて共重合体を形成し、酸で中和して水に溶解または分散した水溶性樹脂、または、カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマーおよびその他の不飽和モノマーからなる単量体混合物を用いて共重合体を形成し、アルカリで中和して水に溶解または分散した水溶性樹脂を用いるのが好ましい。
【0008】
前記ジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマーとしては、例えば、N,N-ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート、N,N-ジエチルアミノエチルアクリレート、N,N-ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、N,N-ジメチルアミノプロピルメタクリレート、N,N-ジメチルアミノエチルアクリルアミド、N,N-ジエチルアミノエチルメタクリレート等が挙げられる。ジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマーおよびその他の不飽和モノマーの使用割合は、ジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマー5〜50重量%およびその他の不飽和モノマー95〜50重量%が好ましい。ジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマーが5重量%未満では、成分Aの親水性が低くなり、エマルジョン重合して得られる微粒子エマルジョンの分散安定性が低くなる傾向にあり、また、下記で説明する成分Cが完全に水に溶解できず、粒子状態となるため、浸透性が低下する恐れがある。逆に50重量%を越えると塗膜としての耐水性等が低下する恐れがある。
【0009】
前記カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマーとしては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタアクリル酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸等が挙げられる。カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマーおよびその他の不飽和モノマーの使用割合は、カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマー3〜40重量%およびその他の不飽和モノマー97〜60重量%が好ましい。カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマーが3重量%未満では、成分Aの親水性が低くなり、エマルジョン重合して得られる微粒子エマルジョンの分散安定性が低くなる傾向にあり、また、下記で説明する成分Cが完全に水に溶解できず、粒子状態となるため、浸透性が低下する恐れがある。逆に40重量%を越えると塗膜としての耐水性等が低下する恐れがある。
【0010】
また、その他の不飽和モノマーとしては、とくに制限されないが、例えば、炭素数1〜20の側鎖を持った(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、スチレン、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、酢酸ビニル等が挙げられる。
【0011】
共重合反応に用いる溶剤としては、水溶性、もしくは親水性の溶剤であり、例えば、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、n-ブチルアルコール、イソブチルアルコール、n-プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、アミルアルコール、イソアミルアルコール、エチレングリコール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等が挙げられる。これらの溶剤は、1種単独、または、2種以上混合して用いることが可能である。
共重合反応は、例えば70〜130℃の温度で行うことができる。
【0012】
単量体混合物を共重合して得られた共重合体は、酸またはアルカリで中和し、水に溶解または分散し、成分Aとすることができる。なお、ジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマーを用いて得た共重合体の場合、ジアルキルアミノ基に対して0.5〜1.5当量の範囲の酸で中和するのがよい。また、カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマーを用いて得た共重合体の場合、カルボキシル基に対して0.5〜1.5当量の範囲のアルカリで中和するのがよい。前記酸としては、例えば、炭酸、燐酸、酢酸、蟻酸、乳酸、酪酸、塩酸等が挙げられる。また、前記アルカリとしては、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、アンモニア水、トリエタノールアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、2-ジメチルアミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール等が挙げられる。
【0013】
(コア部B)
本発明におけるコア部Bは、前記成分Aを保護コロイドとして用い、その存在下、水を媒体として1種または2種以上の不飽和モノマーをエマルジョン重合して得られる。このエマルジョン重合により、コア部Bと前記成分Aのシェル部とからなる微粒子エマルジョンが形成される。コア部Bの形成に用いる不飽和モノマーは、とくに制限されないが、例えば、炭素数1〜20の側鎖を持った(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、スチレン、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、酢酸ビニル等が挙げられる。
なお、エマルジョン重合反応は、例えば70〜100℃の温度で行うことができる。
【0014】
(成分C)
本発明に用いられる成分Cは、イオン性水溶性樹脂であり、これは前記の成分Aと同じものであることができる。なお、必要に応じて成分Aと異なるイオン性水溶性樹脂であってもよい。
【0015】
本発明において、成分Aのシェル部とコア部Bの重量比率は、A:B=10:90〜90:10、好ましくはA:B=30:70〜70:30であり、成分A+Bの合計100に対する成分Cの重量比率が10〜100、好ましくは30〜70であるのがよい。また、本発明の水性樹脂組成物において、樹脂固形分は、15〜50重量%であるのがよい。
【0016】
なお、成分Aおよび成分Cとしてジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマーを用いて得た共重合体を使用する場合、成分Cの添加後さらに、ジアルキルアミノ基に対して0.1〜1.5当量の範囲のエピクロルヒドリンを20〜100℃で添加するのが好ましい。これにより、ジアルキルアミノ基にエピクロルヒドリン由来の塩素基が反応して4級化し、成分Aおよび成分Cにエポキシ基が付加され、本発明の水性樹脂組成物の成膜時に架橋反応が生じ、より基材補強効果、樹脂抗張力が高まり、密着性、耐水性が向上する。また、4級化により、成分Aおよび成分Cの親水性が高まり、浸透性が向上する。
【0017】
本発明の水性樹脂組成物には、前記で説明した成分の他、必要に応じて他の反応性アクリレート、可塑剤、成膜助剤、分散剤、表面調整剤、防腐剤、消泡剤、防蝕剤等の公知慣用の添加剤を、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で便宜選択して添加することが可能である。また、必要に応じて架橋剤を配合して加熱し、架橋度を高めることもできる。
【0018】
前記のようにして得られた本発明の水性樹脂組成物は、水性1液型として、塗料、プライマー等の用途に用いることができる。本発明の水性樹脂組成物は、様々な基材に塗布することができ、例えば基材としては、セメント成形板、ALC板、その他各種外壁等が挙げられる。
【0019】
【作用】
成分Aを保護コロイドとし、その存在下にて不飽和モノマーをエマルジョン重合してコア部Bを形成することにより、高分子量のコア部Bが成分Aのシェル部に被覆された、微粒子エマルジョンが形成される。この微粒子エマルジョンは浸透性が高いことにより、高分子量のコア部Bが基材表層から内部に広く分布することにより、基材が強固に補強されると共に、基材表面にも抗張力の高い皮膜が形成される。
また、成分Aのシェル部およびコア部Bからなる微粒子エマルジョンに、成分Cを添加することにより、水に溶解している成分Cは毛細管現象により水性媒体とともに基材深く浸透するため、基材深部から基材を補強し密着性を高めることができる。
【0020】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例および比較例によってさらに説明する。なお、例中、部とあるのは重量部を意味する。
実施例1
(1)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、水4.0部、エタノール2.8部を入れて加熱、85〜90℃で還流させ、表1に示す成分A滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。滴下終了1時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル1部、エタノール0.8部を加え、還流下でさらに1時間放置した。撹拌下で蟻酸1.7部、水57.0部を加え、不揮発分33wt%の成分A水溶液を得た。
(2)次に、前記(1)と同じ操作にて、表1に示す成分C滴下混合物を用いて不揮発分33wt%の成分C水溶液を得た。
(3)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に成分A水溶液100部、水50部を入れて75〜80℃まで昇温し、表1に示す成分B滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。重合開始剤としてアゾビス2-アミジノプロパンジヒドロクロライド0.2部を水2部に溶解した溶液を滴下スタート時に添加し、さらにアゾビス2-アミジノプロパンジヒドロクロライド0.2部を水10部に溶解した溶液を成分B滴下混合物と並行して1.5時間で滴下した。滴下終了後、成分C水溶液100部を添加し、さらに80℃で2時間熟成反応を行い、室温に冷却して不揮発分33wt%の水性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0021】
実施例2
実施例2として、実施例1における成分A、B、Cの滴下混合物組成を表1に示す組成に変更した。それ以外はすべて実施例1と同様の操作を行い水性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0022】
実施例3
(1)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、水4.0部、エタノール2.8部を入れて加熱、85〜90℃で還流させ、表1に示す成分A滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。滴下終了1時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル1部、エタノール0.8部を加え、還流下でさらに1時間放置した。撹拌下で蟻酸1.7部、水57.0部を加え、不揮発分33wt%の成分A水溶液を得た。
(2)次に、前記(1)と同じ操作にて、表1に示す成分C滴下混合物を用いて不揮発分33wt%の成分C水溶液を得た。
(3)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に成分A水溶液100部、水50部を入れて75〜80℃まで昇温し、表1に示す成分B滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。重合開始剤としてアゾビス2-アミジノプロパンジヒドロクロライド0.2部を水2部に溶解した溶液を滴下スタート時に添加し、アゾビス2-アミジノプロパンジヒドロクロライド0.2部を水10部に溶解した溶液を成分B滴下混合物と並行して1.5時間で滴下した。滴下終了後、成分C水溶液100部を添加し、さらに80℃でエピクロルヒドリン5.3部を添加した。2時間熟成反応を行い、室温に冷却して水11部を添加し、不揮発分33wt%の水性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0023】
実施例4
実施例4として、実施例1における成分A、B、Cの滴下混合物組成を表1に示す組成に変更した。また、蟻酸をトリエチルアミン4.5部に変更した。それ以外はすべて実施例1と同様の操作を行い水性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0024】
比較例1
(1)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、水4.0部、エタノール2.8部を入れて加熱、85〜90℃で還流させ、表1に示す成分A滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。滴下終了1時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル1部、エタノール0.8部を加え、還流下でさらに1時間放置した。撹拌下で蟻酸1.7部、水57.0部を加え、不揮発分3wt%の成分A水溶液を得た。
(2)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に成分A水溶液100部、水50部を入れて75〜80℃まで昇温し、表1に示す成分B滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。重合開始剤としてアゾビス2-アミジノプロパンジヒドロクロライド0.2部を水2部に溶解した溶液を滴下スタート時に添加し、アゾビス2-アミジノプロパンジヒドロクロライド0.2部を水10部に溶解した溶液を成分B滴下混合物と並行して1.5時間で滴下した。滴下終了後、80℃でエピクロルヒドリン2.7部を添加した。2時間熟成反応を行い、室温に冷却して水5.5部を添加し、不揮発分33wt%の水性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0025】
比較例2
温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、水4.0部、エタノール2.8部を入れて加熱、85〜90℃で還流させ、表1に示す成分A滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。滴下終了1時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル1部、エタノール0.8部を加え、還流下でさらに1時間放置した。撹拌下で蟻酸1.7部、水57.0部を加え、水溶液化した。さらに80℃でエピクロルヒドリン2.7部を添加し、2時間熟成反応を行った。室温に冷却して水5.5部を添加し、不揮発分33wt%の水性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0026】
比較例3
(1)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、水4.0部、エタノール2.8部を入れて加熱、85〜90℃で還流させ、表1に示す成分A滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。滴下終了1時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル1部、エタノール0.8部を加え、還流下でさらに1時間放置し、成分A溶液を得た。
(2)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、水4.0部、エタノール2.8部を入れて加熱、85〜90℃で還流させ、表1に示す成分B滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。滴下終了1時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル1部、エタノール0.8部を加え、還流下でさらに1時間放置し、成分B溶液を得た。
(3)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、水4.0部、エタノール2.8部を入れて加熱、85〜90℃で還流させ、表1に示す成分A滴下混合物を1.5時間にわたって滴下した。滴下終了1時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル1部、エタノール0.8部を加え、還流下でさらに1時間放置した。撹拌下で蟻酸1.7部、水57.0部を加え、不揮発分33wt%の成分C水溶液を得た。
(4)温度計、撹拌棒、還流冷却器および摘下ロートを備えた反応容器に、成分A溶液41.3部、成分B溶液40.1部を入れて80℃に加熱し、撹拌下で蟻酸1.7部、水107.0部を加えて水溶液化した。さらに成分C水溶液100部、エピクロルヒドリン5.3部を添加し、80℃で2時間熟成反応を行った。室温に冷却して水14.3部を添加し、不揮発分33wt%の水性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0027】
参考例1
参考例1として、市販の溶剤系1液エポキシ型プライマーであるエスケー化研社製のミラクシーラーESを用い試験した。
【0028】
【表1】

Figure 0004523198
【0029】
実施例1〜4、比較例1〜3および参考例1にて以下の試験を行った。
実施例1〜4、比較例1〜3および参考例1で得られた各組成物を、スレート板に100g/m2塗布し、4時間常温乾燥後、上塗りとしてグロス塗料を2コートで150g/m2塗布するか、あるいは弾性塗料を2mm厚で塗布した。24時間養生後、常態密着性試験を行った。また1週間常温で養生した後、下記の耐水性試験等による2次密着性を行い密着性を評価した。
耐水性試験は、塗装板を常温の水に1週間浸漬した。
耐凍害性試験は、塗装板を−20℃2時間気中凍結、20℃1時間水中融解を1サイクルとしたサイクル試験を50サイクル行った。結果を表2に示す。
【0030】
実施例1〜4、比較例1〜3および参考例1で得られた各組成物を、表2に示す旧塗膜に75g/m2塗布し、4時間常温乾燥後、上塗りとしてグロス塗料を2コートで150g/m2塗布した。24時間養生後、常態密着性試験を行った。また1週間常温で養生した後、上記の耐水性試験を行い密着性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
【0031】
実施例1〜4、比較例1〜3および参考例1で得られた各組成物をモルタル板に100g/m2塗布し、4時間常温乾燥後、複層弾性塗料を2mm厚で塗布、上塗りとしてグロス塗料を2コートで150g/m2塗布した。2週間常温で養生した後、耐温冷繰り返し試験を行い密着性を評価した。
耐温冷繰り返し性試験は、塗装板を20℃18時間水中浸漬、−20℃3時間気中凍結、50℃3時間気中融解を1サイクルとしたサイクル試験を10サイクル行った。結果を表2に示す。
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0004523198
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、溶剤型塗料と同等の高い浸透性、弾性塗料密着性、旧塗膜密着性、耐水性、耐温冷繰り返し性を具備する水性樹脂組成物が得られ、該組成物は、例えば無公害のプライマー水性樹脂組成物として有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an aqueous resin composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for producing an aqueous resin composition having high permeability and capable of forming a coating film having excellent adhesion to elastic paint, adhesion to old coating film, water resistance, and heat / cool repeatability. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, a wide range of outer wall materials have been developed, from cement-extruded plates with dense surfaces to porous ALC plates. For these various substrates, organic solvent-based paints obtained by diluting a resin with a mixed solvent such as toluene and xylene are often used as building exterior paints because of their physical properties.
However, due to social issues related to air pollution caused by organic solvents, adverse effects on human bodies caused by organic solvent-based paints, and response to regulatory measures related to transportation and storage due to the revision of the Fire Service Act in May 1990, there are no issues with water systems. The development of pollution paints has been desired.
Also, in recent years, the number of cases where repainting is performed on a deteriorated coating film is increasing as a modification of the outer wall. Therefore, as a primer for refurbishment, the adhesiveness with a base old coating film is calculated | required. In recent years, many water-based paints having elasticity have been used as top coats, and there is a demand for primers having a wide range of good adhesion to various undercoat films and top coats.
[0003]
Conventionally, as an aqueous primer used for such a purpose, an emulsion type in which a solvent composition of a chlorinated olefin resin is emulsified in water is known. However, although this primer is excellent in terms of performance, it contains chlorine, and there are concerns about danger to the human body and the global environment.
An acrylic emulsion type primer by emulsion polymerization is also known. Although this primer is good in terms of performance, the types of top coats that can be used are limited compared to chlorinated olefins. Moreover, since the particle diameter is large, it is difficult to obtain high permeability.
There is also known a dispersion-type primer in which a water-soluble acrylic resin is used to make the resin self-emulsifying to make fine particles. Although this is excellent in the permeability with respect to a base material, the film | membrane formed is not fully satisfactory in terms of water resistance, alkali resistance, etc.
Due to such social and practical circumstances, a technical improvement for a pollution-free water-based paint comparable to organic solvent-based paints is highly desired.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an aqueous resin composition having high permeability, elastic paint adhesion, old paint film adhesion, water resistance, and hot and cold repeatability equivalent to those of a solvent-type paint.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of earnestly studying the influence of the resin composition / form in the dispersion-type aqueous resin on the permeability / adhesiveness, the present inventors have made an effort to make an aqueous resin composition having performance comparable to that of a solvent-based paint. The present invention has been completed.
[0006]
That is, the present invention uses an ionic water-soluble resin A as a protective colloid, emulsion-polymerizes one or two or more unsaturated monomers using water as a medium in the presence of the component A, and obtains a polymer core. The present invention provides a method for producing an aqueous resin composition, characterized in that a fine particle emulsion comprising a part B and a shell part of the component A is formed, and further an ionic water-soluble resin C is added.
In the present invention, the weight ratio of the shell part and the core part B of component A is A: B = 10: 90 to 90:10, and the weight ratio of component C to the total of component A + B is 100. The manufacturing method is provided.
Further, the present invention provides a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing component A and component C with a monomer mixture comprising 5 to 50% by weight of a dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer and another unsaturated monomer, The above production method is a water-soluble resin which is neutralized with an acid in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents and dissolved or dispersed in water.
Moreover, this invention provides the said manufacturing method which adds the epichlorohydrin of the range of 0.1-1.5 equivalent with respect to a dialkylamino group at 20-100 degreeC after the addition of the component C further.
Further, in the present invention, a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture composed of 3 to 40% by weight of a carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer and other unsaturated monomers with respect to the carboxyl group is added to the copolymer in an amount of 0.0. The above production method is a water-soluble resin which is neutralized with an alkali in the range of 5 to 1.5 equivalents and dissolved or dispersed in water.
Moreover, this invention provides the aqueous resin composition obtained by the said manufacturing method.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(Component A)
Component A in the present invention is an ionic water-soluble resin, and the kind thereof is not particularly limited. Among them, a monomer mixture composed of a dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer and other unsaturated monomers is used as Component A. A copolymer is formed using a water-soluble resin which is formed by copolymerization, neutralized with an acid and dissolved or dispersed in water, or a monomer mixture comprising a carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer and other unsaturated monomers. It is preferable to use a water-soluble resin that is formed, neutralized with an alkali, and dissolved or dispersed in water.
[0008]
Examples of the dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer include N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N, N-diethylaminoethyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide, N, N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate and the like can be mentioned. The proportion of the dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer and other unsaturated monomer used is preferably 5 to 50% by weight of the dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer and 95 to 50% by weight of the other unsaturated monomer. If the dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer is less than 5% by weight, the hydrophilicity of Component A tends to be low, and the dispersion stability of the fine particle emulsion obtained by emulsion polymerization tends to be low. Cannot be completely dissolved in water and become a particulate state, which may reduce the permeability. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50% by weight, the water resistance of the coating film may be lowered.
[0009]
Examples of the carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and the like. The proportion of the carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer and other unsaturated monomers used is preferably 3 to 40% by weight of the carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer and 97 to 60% by weight of the other unsaturated monomer. When the carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer is less than 3% by weight, the hydrophilicity of Component A tends to be low, and the dispersion stability of the fine particle emulsion obtained by emulsion polymerization tends to be low. Since it cannot be completely dissolved in water and is in a particle state, the permeability may be lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 40% by weight, the water resistance of the coating film may be lowered.
[0010]
The other unsaturated monomer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include (meth) acrylic acid ester, styrene, (meth) acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate having a side chain having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0011]
The solvent used for the copolymerization reaction is a water-soluble or hydrophilic solvent, for example, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, Ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, etc. Is mentioned. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
A copolymerization reaction can be performed at the temperature of 70-130 degreeC, for example.
[0012]
The copolymer obtained by copolymerizing the monomer mixture can be neutralized with an acid or alkali, dissolved or dispersed in water, and used as component A. In addition, in the case of the copolymer obtained using the dialkylamino group containing unsaturated monomer, it is good to neutralize with the acid of the range of 0.5-1.5 equivalent with respect to a dialkylamino group. Moreover, in the case of the copolymer obtained using the carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer, it is preferable to neutralize with an alkali in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents relative to the carboxyl group. Examples of the acid include carbonic acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, and hydrochloric acid. Examples of the alkali include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia, triethanolamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, 2-dimethylamino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the like.
[0013]
(Core part B)
The core part B in the present invention is obtained by emulsion polymerization of one or more unsaturated monomers using the component A as a protective colloid and using water as a medium in the presence thereof. By this emulsion polymerization, a fine particle emulsion composed of the core part B and the shell part of the component A is formed. The unsaturated monomer used for forming the core part B is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include (meth) acrylic acid ester, styrene, (meth) acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate having a side chain having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. .
In addition, an emulsion polymerization reaction can be performed at the temperature of 70-100 degreeC, for example.
[0014]
(Component C)
Component C used in the present invention is an ionic water-soluble resin, which can be the same as component A described above. An ionic water-soluble resin different from Component A may be used as necessary.
[0015]
In the present invention, the weight ratio of the shell part and the core part B of component A is A: B = 10: 90 to 90:10, preferably A: B = 30: 70 to 70:30, and the total of component A + B The weight ratio of component C to 100 is 10 to 100, preferably 30 to 70. In the aqueous resin composition of the present invention, the resin solid content is preferably 15 to 50% by weight.
[0016]
When a copolymer obtained using a dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer is used as component A and component C, epichlorohydrin in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 equivalents relative to the dialkylamino group is further added after component C is added. It is preferable to add at 20-100 degreeC. As a result, a chlorine group derived from epichlorohydrin reacts with a dialkylamino group to form a quaternization, an epoxy group is added to Component A and Component C, and a crosslinking reaction occurs during film formation of the aqueous resin composition of the present invention. Material reinforcement effect and resin tensile strength are increased, and adhesion and water resistance are improved. Moreover, the quaternization increases the hydrophilicity of component A and component C, and improves the permeability.
[0017]
In the aqueous resin composition of the present invention, in addition to the components described above, other reactive acrylates, plasticizers, film forming aids, dispersants, surface conditioners, preservatives, antifoaming agents, as necessary, Known and commonly used additives such as anticorrosive agents can be conveniently selected and added within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. Moreover, a crosslinking agent can be mix | blended and heated as needed, and a crosslinking degree can also be raised.
[0018]
The aqueous resin composition of the present invention obtained as described above can be used as an aqueous one-component type for applications such as paints and primers. The aqueous resin composition of the present invention can be applied to various substrates. Examples of the substrate include cement molded plates, ALC plates, and other various outer walls.
[0019]
[Action]
In the presence of component A as a protective colloid, an unsaturated monomer is emulsion-polymerized to form core part B, thereby forming a fine particle emulsion in which the high molecular weight core part B is coated on the shell part of component A. Is done. Since this fine particle emulsion has high permeability, the high molecular weight core portion B is widely distributed from the surface of the base material to the inside, so that the base material is strongly reinforced and a high tensile strength film is also formed on the surface of the base material. It is formed.
Further, by adding the component C to the fine particle emulsion composed of the shell portion and the core portion B of the component A, the component C dissolved in water penetrates deeply into the substrate together with the aqueous medium due to the capillary phenomenon. Therefore, the base material can be reinforced to improve the adhesion.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described by examples and comparative examples. In the examples, “part” means part by weight.
Example 1
(1) Add 4.0 parts of water and 2.8 parts of ethanol to a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, stirring rod, reflux condenser and dropping funnel, heat and reflux at 85-90 ° C., and drop component A shown in Table 1 The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. One hour after completion of the dropwise addition, 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.8 part of ethanol were added, and the mixture was further left under reflux for 1 hour. Under stirring, 1.7 parts of formic acid and 57.0 parts of water were added to obtain a component A aqueous solution having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt%.
(2) Next, a component C aqueous solution having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt% was obtained using the component C dropping mixture shown in Table 1 by the same operation as the above (1).
(3) 100 parts of component A aqueous solution and 50 parts of water are put into a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, a stirring rod, a reflux condenser and a dropping funnel, and the temperature is raised to 75-80 ° C. The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. As a polymerization initiator, a solution of 0.2 part of azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride dissolved in 2 parts of water was added at the start of dropping, and a solution of 0.2 part of azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride dissolved in 10 parts of water was added dropwise to component B. It was dripped in 1.5 hours in parallel with the mixture. After completion of the dropwise addition, 100 parts of Component C aqueous solution was added, and a ripening reaction was further carried out at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
[0021]
Example 2
As Example 2, the composition of the dropwise mixture of components A, B, and C in Example 1 was changed to the composition shown in Table 1. Otherwise, the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain an aqueous resin composition.
[0022]
Example 3
(1) Add 4.0 parts of water and 2.8 parts of ethanol to a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, stirring rod, reflux condenser and dropping funnel, heat and reflux at 85-90 ° C., and drop component A shown in Table 1 The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. One hour after completion of the dropwise addition, 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.8 part of ethanol were added, and the mixture was further left under reflux for 1 hour. Under stirring, 1.7 parts of formic acid and 57.0 parts of water were added to obtain a component A aqueous solution having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt%.
(2) Next, a component C aqueous solution having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt% was obtained using the component C dropping mixture shown in Table 1 by the same operation as the above (1).
(3) 100 parts of component A aqueous solution and 50 parts of water are put into a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, a stirring rod, a reflux condenser and a dropping funnel, and the temperature is raised to 75-80 ° C. The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. As a polymerization initiator, a solution of 0.2 part of azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride dissolved in 2 parts of water was added at the start of dropping, and a solution of 0.2 part of azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride dissolved in 10 parts of water was added dropwise to Component B. In 1.5 hours. After completion of the dropwise addition, 100 parts of Component C aqueous solution was added, and further 5.3 parts of epichlorohydrin was added at 80 ° C. Aging was carried out for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, and 11 parts of water was added to obtain an aqueous resin composition having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt%.
[0023]
Example 4
As Example 4, the composition of the dropwise mixture of components A, B, and C in Example 1 was changed to the composition shown in Table 1. In addition, formic acid was changed to 4.5 parts of triethylamine. Otherwise, the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain an aqueous resin composition.
[0024]
Comparative Example 1
(1) Add 4.0 parts of water and 2.8 parts of ethanol to a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, stirring rod, reflux condenser and dropping funnel, heat and reflux at 85-90 ° C., and drop component A shown in Table 1 The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. One hour after completion of the dropwise addition, 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.8 part of ethanol were added, and the mixture was further left under reflux for 1 hour. Under stirring, 1.7 parts of formic acid and 57.0 parts of water were added to obtain a component A aqueous solution having a nonvolatile content of 3 wt%.
(2) Add 100 parts of Component A aqueous solution and 50 parts of water into a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, stirring rod, reflux condenser and dropping funnel, raise the temperature to 75-80 ° C., and drop Component B shown in Table 1 The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. As a polymerization initiator, a solution of 0.2 part of azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride dissolved in 2 parts of water was added at the start of dropping, and a solution of 0.2 part of azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride dissolved in 10 parts of water was added dropwise to Component B. In 1.5 hours. After completion of dropping, 2.7 parts of epichlorohydrin was added at 80 ° C. Aging was conducted for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, and 5.5 parts of water was added to obtain an aqueous resin composition having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt%.
[0025]
Comparative Example 2
In a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, a stir bar, a reflux condenser and a dropping funnel, 4.0 parts of water and 2.8 parts of ethanol were heated and refluxed at 85 to 90 ° C., and the component A dropwise mixture shown in Table 1 was added to 1.5 parts. Added dropwise over time. One hour after completion of the dropwise addition, 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.8 part of ethanol were added, and the mixture was further left under reflux for 1 hour. Under stirring, 1.7 parts of formic acid and 57.0 parts of water were added to form an aqueous solution. Further, 2.7 parts of epichlorohydrin was added at 80 ° C., and the aging reaction was carried out for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 5.5 parts of water was added to obtain an aqueous resin composition having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt%.
[0026]
Comparative Example 3
(1) Add 4.0 parts of water and 2.8 parts of ethanol to a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, stirring rod, reflux condenser and dropping funnel, heat and reflux at 85-90 ° C., and drop component A shown in Table 1 The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. One hour after completion of the dropwise addition, 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.8 part of ethanol were added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 hour under reflux to obtain a component A solution.
(2) Put 4.0 parts of water and 2.8 parts of ethanol in a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, stirring rod, reflux condenser and dropping funnel, heat and reflux at 85-90 ° C., and drop component B shown in Table 1 The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. One hour after completion of the dropwise addition, 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.8 part of ethanol were added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 hour under reflux to obtain a component B solution.
(3) Add 4.0 parts of water and 2.8 parts of ethanol to a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, stirring rod, reflux condenser and dropping funnel, heat and reflux at 85-90 ° C., and drop component A shown in Table 1 The mixture was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. One hour after completion of the dropwise addition, 1 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.8 part of ethanol were added, and the mixture was further left under reflux for 1 hour. Under stirring, 1.7 parts of formic acid and 57.0 parts of water were added to obtain a component C aqueous solution having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt%.
(4) In a reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, a stir bar, a reflux condenser and a dropping funnel, 41.3 parts of component A solution and 40.1 parts of component B solution were heated to 80 ° C., and 1.7 parts of formic acid were stirred. 107.0 parts of water was added to make an aqueous solution. Further, 100 parts of Component C aqueous solution and 5.3 parts of epichlorohydrin were added, and the aging reaction was carried out at 80 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 14.3 parts of water was added to obtain an aqueous resin composition having a nonvolatile content of 33 wt%.
[0027]
Reference example 1
As Reference Example 1, a commercially available solvent-based one-component epoxy primer, Miracus Sealer ES manufactured by SK Kaken Co., Ltd., was used for the test.
[0028]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004523198
[0029]
The following tests were performed in Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-3, and Reference Example 1.
Each composition obtained in Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Reference Example 1 was applied to a slate plate at 100 g / m 2 , dried at room temperature for 4 hours, and then a gloss coating as a top coat at 150 g / m for 2 coats. m 2 was applied, or elastic paint was applied in a thickness of 2 mm. After 24-hour curing, a normal adhesion test was performed. In addition, after curing at room temperature for one week, secondary adhesion was evaluated by the following water resistance test and the adhesion was evaluated.
In the water resistance test, the coated plate was immersed in water at room temperature for 1 week.
In the frost damage resistance test, a cycle test was performed for 50 cycles in which the coated plate was frozen in the air at -20 ° C for 2 hours and melted in water at 20 ° C for 1 hour. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0030]
Each composition obtained in Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Reference Example 1 was applied to the old coating film shown in Table 2 at 75 g / m 2 , dried at room temperature for 4 hours, and then a gloss coating as a top coat. 150 g / m 2 was applied in two coats. After 24-hour curing, a normal adhesion test was performed. Further, after curing at room temperature for 1 week, the above water resistance test was performed to evaluate the adhesion. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0031]
Each composition obtained in Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Reference Example 1 was applied to a mortar plate at 100 g / m 2 , dried at room temperature for 4 hours, and then coated with a multilayer elastic coating at a thickness of 2 mm. As a gloss coating, 150 g / m 2 was applied in two coats. After curing for 2 weeks at room temperature, repeated heat and cold resistance tests were performed to evaluate adhesion.
The hot and cold resistance repeatability test was carried out 10 cycles of a cycle test in which the coated plate was immersed in water at 20 ° C. for 18 hours, frozen in the air at −20 ° C. for 3 hours, and melted in the air at 50 ° C. for 3 hours. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004523198
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, an aqueous resin composition having high permeability, elastic paint adhesion, old paint film adhesion, water resistance, hot and cold repeatability equivalent to that of a solvent-type paint is obtained, and the composition is For example, it is useful as a pollution-free primer aqueous resin composition.

Claims (6)

イオン性水溶性樹脂Aを保護コロイドとして用い、前記成分Aの存在下、水を媒体として1種または2種以上の不飽和モノマーをエマルジョン重合し、得られた重合体のコア部Bと前記成分Aのシェル部とからなる微粒子エマルジョンを形成し、さらに、イオン性水溶性樹脂Cを添加することを特徴とする水性樹脂組成物の製造方法。 Using the ionic water-soluble resin A as a protective colloid, in the presence of the component A, one or two or more unsaturated monomers are emulsion-polymerized using water as a medium, and the resulting core part B of the polymer and the component A method for producing an aqueous resin composition, comprising forming a fine particle emulsion comprising a shell portion of A and further adding an ionic water-soluble resin C. 成分Aのシェル部とコア部Bの重量比率が、A:B=10:90〜90:10であり、成分A+Bの合計100に対する成分Cの重量比率が10〜100である請求項1に記載の水性樹脂組成物の製造方法。  The weight ratio of the shell part and the core part B of component A is A: B = 10: 90 to 90:10, and the weight ratio of component C to the total 100 of component A + B is 10 to 100. A method for producing an aqueous resin composition. 成分Aおよび成分Cが、ジアルキルアミノ基含有不飽和モノマー5〜50重量%およびその他の不飽和モノマーからなる単量体混合物を共重合してなる共重合体を、ジアルキルアミノ基に対して0.5〜1.5当量の範囲の酸で中和して水に溶解または分散した水溶性樹脂である請求項1または2に記載の水性樹脂組成物の製造方法。  A copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture comprising 5 to 50% by weight of a dialkylamino group-containing unsaturated monomer and another unsaturated monomer as a component A and a component C is added to the dialkylamino group in an amount of 0. The method for producing an aqueous resin composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aqueous resin composition is a water-soluble resin that is neutralized with an acid in the range of 5 to 1.5 equivalents and dissolved or dispersed in water. 成分Cの添加後さらに、ジアルキルアミノ基に対して0.1〜1.5当量の範囲のエピクロルヒドリンを20〜100℃で添加する請求項3に記載の水性樹脂組成物の製造方法。  The method for producing an aqueous resin composition according to claim 3, further comprising adding epichlorohydrin in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 equivalents to the dialkylamino group at 20 to 100 ° C after the addition of Component C. 成分Aが、カルボキシル基含有不飽和モノマー3〜40重量%およびその他の不飽和モノマーよりなる単量体混合物を共重合してなる共重合体を、カルボキシル基に対して0.5〜1.5当量の範囲のアルカリで中和して水に溶解または分散した水溶性樹脂である請求項1または2に記載の水性樹脂組成物の製造方法。  Component A is a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture composed of 3 to 40% by weight of a carboxyl group-containing unsaturated monomer and other unsaturated monomers, and 0.5 to 1.5 with respect to the carboxyl group. The method for producing an aqueous resin composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aqueous resin composition is a water-soluble resin that is neutralized with an alkali in an equivalent range and dissolved or dispersed in water. 請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られた、水性樹脂組成物。  An aqueous resin composition obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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