JP4527274B2 - Plastics processing apparatus and processing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a plastics processing apparatus and a processing method that can recycle so-called waste plastics into resources as a blast furnace reducing agent or an oily intermediate raw material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The present applicant, based on the application of Japanese Patent Application No. 10-196671 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-7820), has a property that the specific gravity is lighter than the plastics to be processed and the flash point and ignition point are higher than the melting point of the plastics. Developed a processing method for synthetic resin products, which uses a vegetable oil that has a heat treatment, puts plastics in this heated vegetable oil, melts it into a liquid phase, cools it, and collects it as solid phase plastics did.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in carrying out the above-mentioned treatment method, it is very troublesome to control the input / output of heating of vegetable oil, charging of plastics into heated vegetable oil, discharge of liquefied plastics and separation of vegetable oil, etc. Advanced skills and close observation became essential, making operation difficult.
[0004]
When a large amount of waste plastics is processed continuously, in addition to the supply balance of waste plastics and vegetable oil and the amount of heating power, the mass balance and heat balance of the discharge amount from the melting treatment tank (tank) Adjustment was required, and the operator was required to be skilled.
[0005]
In addition, even when working with great care, when recovering molten plastic from vegetable oil, it is difficult to avoid mixing vegetable oil into the molten plastic, reducing the quality of recycled plastics as a product. There was a problem to do.
[0006]
In addition, there are floats and fish boxes (cases) for aquaculture and fishery in long waste plastics, but because there are many rice husks, scales, or garbage attached to them, When waste plastics to which these are attached are put into vegetable oil as they are and melted, not only will the quality of recycled plastics be degraded, but the wastes etc. of the melting treatment tank will be blocked by these wastes, There are cases where the liquid phase plastics may be discharged, and there is a problem that affects the processing work.
[0007]
Therefore, the technical problem of the present invention is that the processing operation of putting plastics into a heated vegetable oil to make it into a liquid phase can be reliably performed by an extremely simple operation, and the mixing rate of vegetable oil is low. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plastics processing apparatus and a processing method devised so that low-quality and high-quality solid phase plastics can be obtained.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) In order to solve the above technical problem, in the present invention, as described in claim 1, the plastics are melted with a heated vegetable oil to form a liquid phase, and then cooled to obtain solid phase plastics. A plastics processing apparatus configured to collect, wherein at least two melting processing tanks for plastics equipped with a heating control means for vegetable oil by electric heating are provided, and between these melting processing tanks It is comprised so that the communication means which can move a vegetable oil mutually will be provided as needed.
[0009]
(2) Further, in the present invention, as described in claim 2, a plurality of induction heating coils formed in a substantially spiral shape are provided around the melting treatment tank in the height direction, and the melting treatment tank is provided. In accordance with the position of the liquid level inside, the induction heating coil of the stage corresponding to that position is heated.
[0010]
(3) Further, in the present invention, as described in the third aspect of the present invention, an induction heating coil formed in a substantially spiral shape is attached around the melting treatment tank so as to be movable in the height direction. Depending on the position of the liquid level, the height position of the induction heating coil is adjusted by moving up and down to heat.
[0011]
(4) Further, in the present invention, as described in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the melt treatment tanks are connected using a communication pipe with a communication valve capable of circulating the vegetable oil, and the vegetable oil is connected to the communication pipe. When the surface reaches a certain level, a communication means is provided that can circulate vegetable oil from one melting treatment tank to the other melting treatment tank by opening the communication valve.
[0012]
(5) Further, in the present invention, as described in the fifth aspect, each melting treatment tank is configured as an upper opening type, and a cylindrical container body is configured to be freely fitted in the melting processing tank. The inside of the container body has an inwardly projecting inlet provided with an opening / closing valve that can be opened and closed from the outside, and the container body is inserted into the container body from the melt treatment tank by opening and closing the opening / closing valve. A pump for pumping inflow of vegetable oil into the inner and outer gaps formed between the container body and the melting treatment tank is provided, and the upper end of the opened melting treatment tank is provided in the melting treatment tank. A fastener that holds and holds the container body that is fitted in is configured to be freely attachable.
[0013]
(6) Further, according to the present invention, as described in the sixth aspect, one or a plurality of tanks are mounted on a loading platform of an automobile together with a generator and a pushing device for plastics.
[0014]
(7) Further, in the present invention, as described in the seventh aspect, the upper part of each melting treatment tank is covered with a canopy, and a deodorizing exhaust device comprising an oil filter, an odor adsorbing device, an exhaust fan, and an exhaust duct is provided on the canopy. It is configured to provide.
[0015]
(8) Further, in the present invention, as described in claim 8, a housing made of a perforated plate or a net is freely inserted into the melting treatment tank, and plastics are placed inside the housing. By charging, it is configured to melt with heated vegetable oil.
[0016]
(9) Further, in the present invention, as described in claim 9, the plastics is melted by the heated vegetable oil by introducing the plastics into the melting treatment tank using a transportation device such as an air transportation device or a screw conveyor. It is configured as follows.
[0017]
(10) Further, in the present invention, as described in claim 10, the plastics are melted by being put into a melting tank containing heated vegetable oil to be liquid phase, and then cooled and recovered as solid phase plastics. The heated vegetable oil that has been used in one melting treatment tank is transferred to the other melting treatment tank, and the unheated vegetable oil absorbs heat, thereby exhausting heat in the other melting treatment tank. At the same time as recovery and shortening of the heating temperature increase time, the plastics melted and liquidized in one melting treatment tank are separated from the used vegetable oil.
[0018]
(11) Further, according to the present invention, when the vegetable oil in the melt treatment tank is heated, the container oil is settled by fitting the container body into the melt treatment tank and allowing it to settle. The container body is heated by flowing into an annular space between the inside and outside of the melting treatment tank, and when the plastics are melted, the container body is extracted from the melting treatment tank and melted. ing.
[0019]
According to the means described in the above (1), only the liquid phase plastics can be easily taken out from the melt processing tank in which the vegetable oil used as the heating medium and the plastics melted and liquid phase are present. Make it possible. In other words, plastics that have been liquid-phased in the melt processing tank by the heated vegetable oil are deposited in layers on the bottom of the melt processing tank. Therefore, increasing the amount of plastic input increases the layer thickness of the liquid-phase plastics. As a result, when the oil level reaches a certain level, the vegetable oil in the melt treatment tank can be moved to another melt treatment tank by the communication means, so that the liquid phase plastics and the vegetable oil can be reliably transferred. Separate and allow only liquid plastics to be removed.
[0020]
According to the means described in the above (2), the induction heating coil corresponding to the push-up position is heated by energization according to the push-up of the oil level by increasing the thickness of the liquid-phase plastics layer. Since the liquid phase plastics layer that has already been melted is not heated by intensively heating the vegetable oil, it is possible to effectively heat the vegetable oil with a small amount of electric power.
[0021]
According to the means described in (3) above, as the oil level is increased by increasing the thickness of the liquid phase plastics layer, the induction heating coil is raised and only the vegetable oil is intensively heated to have already been melted. Since the liquid plastic layer is not heated, the vegetable oil can be heated effectively with a small amount of electric power.
[0022]
According to the means described in (4) above, when the surface of the vegetable oil reaches a certain level due to the increase in the thickness of the liquid phase plastics layer, the vegetable oil pushed up when the communication valve is opened passes through the communication pipe to the other side. Since the liquid phase plastics and the vegetable oil are separated, only the liquid phase plastics can be taken out and collected, and the used heated vegetable oil can be recovered from the other melting processing tank. Since waste heat can be recovered by mixing it in unheated vegetable oil, it is possible to reduce the energy loss and reduce the processing cost.
[0023]
According to the means described in the above (5), when the vegetable oil in the melt treatment tank is conductively heated by heating the tank wall with an induction heating coil, the vegetable oil is settling in the melt treatment tank. In addition to being able to draw out the space between these container bodies and the inside and outside of the melt treatment tank (gap), the whole can be made into a thin annular oil column, and the inner cylinder is also heated by induction heating. Therefore, in combination with the mixing of the heated vegetable oil described in the above (4), the vegetable oil can be heated to the melting temperature as quickly as possible with a small amount of energy.
[0024]
According to the means described in the above (6), since the set of the plastics processing apparatus is mounted on the loading platform of the automobile, it is possible to exhibit mobility that allows the plastics to be melted by visiting any place.
[0025]
According to the means described in (7) above, oil mist, monomer odor, etc. generated during the melting process are collected by the canopy, deodorized by the deodorizing exhaust device, and then exhausted, thus eliminating the problem of environmental pollution. Can do.
[0026]
According to the means described in (8) above, foreign materials such as paper pieces and seafood shells and scales adhering to the plastics are collected in the inside of the housing and melted liquid phase plastics. In order to prevent these foreign substances from being mixed in, it is possible to obtain a high-quality solid plastic by separating non-melting substances.
[0027]
According to the means described in (9) above, the plastics can be introduced into the melting treatment tank in a labor-saving and non-scattering manner by using various kinds of transportation devices.
[0028]
According to the treatment method described in the above (10), the used vegetable oil is transferred to another melting treatment tank and absorbed by unheated vegetable oil, thereby reducing waste heat recovery and heating temperature raising time. Reduces losses and reduces processing costs, and enables separation of molten liquid phase plastics and used vegetable oil to extract only liquid phase plastics and obtain high-quality solid plastics To do.
[0029]
According to the processing method described in the above (11), by allowing the container body to settle in the melt treatment tank, the vegetable oil is caused to flow into the space between the inside and outside of the container body and the melt treatment tank, and the whole vegetable oil is annularly formed. Therefore, the vegetable oil can be heated to the melting temperature in a relatively short time, and the plastics can be melted as quickly as possible with a small amount of energy.
[0030]
As described above, the technical problems described above can be solved by the means (1) to (11), and the problems of the conventional techniques can be solved.
[0031]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a plastics processing apparatus and a processing method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a plastics processing apparatus according to the present invention configured as a two-tank type. And 2 are melting treatment tanks for waste plastics, and 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b are induction heating coils provided in a plurality of stages around these melting treatment tanks 1, 2, and these coils 11a-12b. Is formed in a substantially spiral shape so as to surround the peripheral surfaces of the treatment tanks 1 and 2, and is heated to 230 ± 5 ° C. by passing an alternating current of 220 V and 200 Hz, for example. It has a structure that can be turned ON / OFF.
[0032]
Reference numeral 13 denotes a thermocouple thermometer with a stainless steel protective tube suspended in the melting treatment tanks 1 and 2, and this thermometer 13 is guided at a temperature of -5 ° C with respect to a set temperature by a linked high-frequency inverter. The heating oil 11a to 12b is turned on, and the mechanism is also turned off at + 5 ° C. The vegetable oil A is stored inside by holding the heating state of each of the melting treatment tanks 1 and 2 by these two-point controls. Is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the waste plastic C (for example, around 200 ° C.).
[0033]
The vegetable oil A is, for example, edible oil from tempura cooking, and edible oil from which moisture and residue have been filtered and removed. Actually, the specific gravity is higher than that of the liquid phase of the waste plastic C to be treated. Of course, oils other than the above may be used as long as the oil is light and has a flash point and a flash point higher than the melting point of the waste plastics C (eg olive oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil). The selection is arbitrary. Incidentally, olive oil, which is a non-drying oil, has a specific gravity of 0.91, a flash point of 225 ° C., and an ignition point of 343 ° C., while the polystyrene melting point is 160 to 180 ° C. and the specific gravity is 1.0 to 1.3. Both meet the above requirements.
[0034]
Further, in the figure, B is a liquid phased plastic melted by the heated vegetable oil A and deposited in a layered manner on the bottom of the melt treatment tank 1, and when the amount of waste plastic C added is increased, Since the thickness of the phase plastics B is increased and the oil level of the heated vegetable oil A is increased accordingly, the induction heating coils 11a to 12b formed in the plurality of stages are heated so that only the vegetable oil A is heated. The ON state is 11a + 11b → 11b + 12a → 12a + 12b. Reference numeral 20 denotes a discharge port provided with an opening / closing valve 19, and the liquid phase plastics B flows from the discharge port 20 by opening the opening / closing valve 19 and is then cooled and solidified.
[0035]
The induction heating coils 11a to 12b are switched by providing a liquid level gauge (oil level gauge) in each of the melting treatment tanks 1 and 2, and according to the detection of the oil level by the liquid level gauge. There are a case where the ON state of 12b is automatically switched stepwise and a case where the oil level is visually checked and switched by the operation of the ON / OFF switch by an operator. This selection is also optional.
[0036]
Further, a set of induction heating coils 11a and 11b is attached to the melting treatment tanks 1 and 2 so as to be movable up and down, and the coils 11a and 11b are raised or guided manually according to the rise in the oil level. Only the vegetable oil A may be heated, and thus the liquid phase plastics 13 are prevented from being heated.
[0037]
Further, 18 and 18 'are upper and lower two-stage communication pipes communicating between the two melting treatment tanks 1 and 2, and 17 and 17' are openable and closable communication provided in the respective communication pipes 18 and 18 '. The valves 16 and 16 'are screwed plugs that close the mouths of the respective communication pipes 18 and 18'. The plastics C are melted and finally the communication pipe 18 with the upper oil level of the vegetable oil A being the upper stage. ′ Level 14 and when the lower surface level reaches level 15 of the lower communication pipe 18, when the communication valve 17 of the lower communication pipe 18 is opened and the screw cap 16 is removed, one melting treatment tank Heated and used vegetable oil A in the upper layer in 1 flows into the other melt treatment tank 2 through the communication pipe 18, and the liquid phase plastics B in the lower layer is in one melt treatment tank 1. High quality liquid phase plus no vegetable oil A It can be taken out box B from the discharge port 20.
[0038]
Next, in the other melt treatment tank 2 that has received the heated vegetable oil A by opening the communication valve 17, the unheated vegetable oil A ′ prepared separately is replenished to a predetermined amount. Is heated by the mixing of the heated vegetable oil A, the required heat amount can be reduced to 80%, and the energy loss can be reduced.
[0039]
Prior to the heating of the mixed vegetable oil A ', the inside of the other melting treatment tank 2 forms a bottomed cylinder as a whole, and is attached to the outside by a detachable long handle 25 inside. A cylindrical container body 23 having an inwardly projecting inlet 21 ′ provided with an opening / closing valve 21 that can be opened and closed is settled with the opening / closing valve 21 opened, and this settling state is melted. 2, the vegetable oil A ′ in the melting tank 2 is caused to flow into the container body 23 through the inlet 21 ′ as shown in the figure.
[0040]
Next, after closing the on-off valve 21, the suction pipe 22 </ b> A is suspended in the container body 23, and the discharge pipe 23 </ b> B is suspended by a space 2 </ b> H between the container body 23 and the melting treatment tank 2. Then, by pumping out the vegetable oil A ′ in the container body 23 at the interval 2H, an annular oil column is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the melting treatment tank 2, and this thin annular oil column having an average of 90 mm (vegetable oil A ′) Is efficiently heated by the above-described induction heating coils 11a to 12b.
[0041]
Accordingly, the vegetable oil A ′ is heated to a temperature at which it can be melted in a short time. Thereafter, the fastener 24 is removed, and the container body 23 is taken out of the melt treatment tank 2 together with the pump 22. In the same procedure as that performed in the melt processing tank 1, the waste plastics C introduced can be sequentially melted into a liquid phase, and when the processing in the other melt processing tank 2 is completed in this way, The same procedure as described above is repeated in both the melt treatment tanks 1 and 2, and the process proceeds to the process in one melt treatment tank 1 again. By repeating this transition several times, the required amount of waste plastics C is liquid-phased. Plastics B can be rebuilt.
[0042]
In addition, when putting the waste plastics C into the melting treatment tank 1 or 2, as shown in FIG. 3, a housing 26 made of, for example, a stainless steel perforated plate or a net is placed inside the melting treatment tank 1 or 2. By setting, this casing 26 collects foreign matter D such as paper pieces and shellfish shells adhering to waste plastics C such as foamed plastic, and mixing them into the liquid phase plastics B. Can be prevented.
[0043]
In addition, when the waste plastics C are put into the melt processing tanks 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 2, it is composed of a pair of left and right belt conveyors 3 ′ and 3 ′, and the distance therebetween is directed downward. When the waste plastics C is sent in by using the pushing device 3 attached with elasticity so as to gradually narrow, the waste plastics C are successively sent in by the rotation of the belt conveyors 3 'and 3'. It was able to melt smoothly.
[0044]
If the above pushing device 3 is attached to a gantry with wheels (not shown) and is configured to reciprocate along a rail (not shown) provided between the two melting treatment tanks 1 and 2 Since the upper surface of the melting treatment tank 1 or 2 can be opened widely when checking or cleaning the inside of the tank or when manually introducing the long plastics C, each work can be performed without any problem. It can be carried out.
[0045]
Further, if the waste plastics C is in the form of a tray made of foamed plastics, or is an indefinite shape with a long or excessive shape, these plastics C are used as shown in FIG. First, while crushing into small pieces with a crushing crusher 27, this is put into the melting treatment tank 1 or 2 with a flexible shaft type screw conveyor 28, and then melted with a uniaxial pushing device 29 of a fast-return structure that is intermittently driven. By pushing into 1 or 2, smooth melting was possible.
[0046]
In using the uniaxial pushing device 29, the upper lid 30 is put on the upper end opening of the melting treatment tank 1 or 2, and the uniaxial pushing device 29 is attached to the upper cover 30 so that the inside of the melting treatment tank 1 or 2 is semi-sealed. Since it can be made into a structure, it is particularly suitable for foamed plastics that generate harmful gases when melted, and is also effective for processing small pieces and long plastics.
[0047]
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the two-tank plastics processing apparatus according to the present invention is mounted on a loading platform 4 ′ of an automobile 4 together with a generator 5. Canopy covering the upper sides of the melting treatment tanks 1 and 2, 6 is a ceramic grease filter, 7 is a ceramic block odor adsorber, 8 is a ventilator, 9 is an exhaust duct, The configured deodorization exhaust device 10 can remove the oil mist and monomer odor generated at the time of melting, solve the problem of environmental pollution, and can be installed in any location by mounting the device set on the automobile 4. It is possible to exhibit mobility that allows the waste plastics C to be melted.
[0048]
In the drawing, only a two-tank type apparatus in which two melting treatment tanks 1 and 2 are arranged is described, but this is an example of implementation, and two or more melting treatment tanks 1 and 2 are arranged. If two ... are connected and used, a larger amount of waste plastics C can be processed.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the plastics processing apparatus and the processing method of the present invention, the operation of taking out the heated and melted liquid phase plastics is made into a full pool, and the waste plastics and vegetable oil are charged and the liquid phase is extracted. Since the entry and exit management of plastic discharge, etc. has become extremely easy, detailed observation and management are no longer necessary, and waste plastics can be easily liquidified and cooled and solidified even by skilled workers. Can recycle resources as a blast furnace reductant and oily intermediate raw material, and can produce high-quality liquid-phase plastics that are not mixed with vegetable oil. It is economical to heat vegetable oils, can remove oil mist and monomer odor generated during melting, prevents environmental pollution, and uses automobiles I coupled with a point which can exhibit the mobility Te, it is suitable for Makoto used in various types of waste plastics processing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a plastics processing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the apparatus of the present invention is mounted on an automobile.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of use of a plastics processing apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2 Melting tank 2H Internal / external spacing 3 Pushing device 4 Car 4 'Car bed 5 Generator 6 Filter 7 Odor adsorbing device 8 Ventilator 9 Duct 10' Canopy 10 Deodorizing exhaust device 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b Coil for induction heating 17, 17 'communication valve 18, 18' communication pipe 19 on-off valve 20 outlet 21 'inflow port 21 on-off valve 22 pumping pump 23 container body 24 fastener 26 housing 28 screw conveyor A vegetable oil (edible oil)
B Liquid phase plastics C Waste plastics

Claims (11)

A plastics processing apparatus configured to melt plastics with a heated vegetable oil to form a liquid phase, and then cool and recover the plastics as solid phase plastics,
Communication that enables at least two or more plastic processing tanks for plastics equipped with electric heating control means for vegetable oil to move between the respective processing tanks as needed. A plastics processing apparatus characterized by comprising means. Around the melting treatment tank, a plurality of induction heating coils formed in a substantially spiral shape are provided in the height direction, and depending on the position of the liquid level in the melting treatment tank, the step corresponding to that position 2. The plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the induction heating coil is configured to be heated. Around the melting treatment tank, an induction heating coil formed in a substantially spiral shape is attached so as to be movable in the height direction, and the height of the induction heating coil depends on the position of the liquid level in the melting treatment tank. 2. The plastics processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plastic processing apparatus is configured to heat by adjusting the position up and down. Each melt treatment tank is connected using a communication pipe with a communication valve through which vegetable oil can be circulated, and when the surface of the vegetable oil reaches a certain level, the communication valve is opened. The plastics processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a communication means capable of distributing the vegetable oil from one melting treatment tank to the other melting treatment tank. Each melting treatment tank is configured as an upper opening type, and a cylindrical container body can be freely fitted inside the melting treatment tank, while the container body can be opened and closed from the outside. An inwardly projecting inlet provided with a valve, and vegetable oil that has flowed into the container body from the melting treatment tank by fitting the container body and opening the on-off valve is formed between the container body and the melting treatment tank. In addition, a pump that can pump out inside and outside the space is provided, and a fastener that holds and holds the container body fitted in the melt treatment tank from the top can be attached to the open top end of the melt treatment tank. 5. The plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the plastic processing apparatus is configured as follows. 6. The plastics processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of molten processing tanks are mounted on an automobile carrier together with a generator and a pushing device for plastics. The upper part of each melting treatment tank is covered with a canopy, and a deodorizing exhaust device comprising an oil filter, an odor adsorbing device, an exhaust fan and an exhaust duct is provided on the canopy. The plastics processing apparatus of 5 or 6. A casing made of a perforated plate or a net can be freely inserted into the melting treatment tank, and plastics are put into the casing to be melted by heated vegetable oil. 8. The plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. The plastics is introduced into the melting treatment tank using a transportation device such as an air transportation device or a screw conveyor, so that the plastics are melted by the heated vegetable oil. The plastic processing apparatus according to 4, 5, 6 or 7. It is a plastics processing method in which plastics are melted and put into a liquid phase by placing them in a melting processing tank containing heated vegetable oil, and then cooled and recovered as solid phase plastics
Heated vegetable oil, which has been used in one melt treatment tank, is transferred to the other melt treatment tank and absorbed by unheated vegetable oil, so that exhaust heat recovery and heating temperature increase time can be reduced in the other melt treatment tank. At the same time, the plastics processing method is characterized in that the plastics melted and liquidized in one melting processing tank are separated from the used vegetable oil. When heating the vegetable oil in the melt treatment tank, the container body is fitted into the melt treatment tank and allowed to settle, so that the inside and outside of the annular space between the container body in which the vegetable oil has settled and the melt treatment tank are set. The plastics processing method according to claim 10, wherein the container body is extracted from the melting treatment tank and melted when the plastics are melted by being introduced and heated.

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