JP4527410B2 - Control valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a control valve capable of switching and controlling the supply direction of a working fluid supplied from a pressure source such as a hydraulic pump to an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder, and more specifically, compared to the capacity. Thus, the present invention relates to a control valve that can easily reduce the weight of the spool and can easily reduce the overall configuration.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. 11 is adopted as a circuit configuration that supplies high pressure and low pressure working fluid to a hydraulic cylinder 201 as an actuator. That is, the working fluid in the tank 203 is sucked by the high-pressure and low-pressure pumps 207 and 209 through the filter 205, and the working fluid discharged from the high-pressure and low-pressure pumps 207 and 209 is drawn into the high-pressure oil passage 211 and The first and second hydraulic chambers 219 and 221 of the hydraulic cylinder 201 are switched by a high / low pressure switching valve 215 connected via a low pressure oil passage 213 and by a directional control valve 217 connected to the high / low pressure switching valve 215. It is the structure which switches and controls the supply direction of the working fluid to. Reference numerals 223 and 225 in the figure are accumulators.

  As described above, there are a high-pressure circuit and a low-pressure circuit as working fluid circuits, and a high-low pressure switching valve is required to connect the high-pressure circuit and the low-pressure circuit. A direction control valve is required to switch and control the supply direction of the working fluid to the actuator. That is, there are problems that a plurality of control valves are required, the overall configuration is complicated, and it is difficult to make the system compact.

  In addition, since the conventional control valve has a structure in which a groove as a circuit is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spool and a land portion is always present on both sides of the groove, the port diameter for the working fluid is increased to increase the capacity. When the spool diameter is increased, there is a problem that the spool becomes heavier and larger, making it difficult to perform a quick and light switching operation of the spool and increasing the overall configuration for the capacity.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and includes first and second recesses on both ends of a sleeve (7) integrally fitted and fixed to the valve body (5). A cylindrical first spool (13) provided with a hollow chamber (11) is rotatably fitted in the recess, and a first hollow chamber (15) is provided in the second recess. A cylindrical second spool (19) is rotatably fitted, and the first and second sleeves (7) are provided corresponding to the inlet (25) formed in the first spool (13). The pressure inlet (25) is selectively connected to the two pressure ports (37, 39), and the outlet (27) provided in the first spool (13) and the outlet provided in the sleeve (7). The first hollow chamber of the second spool (19) is provided in a state where the hole (41) is always connected. 15) and the fluid inlet (29) communicating with the fluid inlet hole (43) formed in the second recess of the sleeve (7) are always connected and the first hollow chamber (15). The fluid outlet (31) formed in communication with the first and second fluid supply holes (45, 47) formed in the second recess and connected to the actuator (61) is selectively used. The outlet port (41) and the fluid inlet port (43) are connected via a communication path (55) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve (7). Is.

  According to the present invention, the spool for switching the fluid flow path is formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow chamber and is used as a flow path for switching the hollow chamber. Even when the diameter of the spool is increased so as to be increased, the weight of the spool can be reduced by increasing the inner diameter of the hollow chamber.

  Therefore, the control motor that controls the operation of the spool may be relatively small compared to the size of the spool, and the overall configuration can be easily made compact, and the spool can be operated quickly and lightly. Therefore, it is possible to provide a control valve that is responsive to commands, and can solve the conventional problems as described above.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the control valve 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a configuration in which a valve body 5 is integrally provided in a casing 3 having an appropriate shape. A sleeve 7 in which the partitioned first and second concave portions are formed concentrically from both end sides is closely fitted and fixed to the valve body 5.

  A cylindrical first spool 13 having a hollow chamber 11 is rotatably fitted in the first concave portion of the sleeve 7, and the first hollow chamber 15 and the second concave portion are arranged in the second concave portion. A cylindrical second spool 19 provided with the second hollow chamber 17 divided in the axial direction is fitted rotatably. The first spool 13 is connected to a rotation shaft 21S of an appropriate first control motor 21 such as a slapping motor or a servo motor mounted on the casing 3, and the second spool 19 is connected to the casing 3 It is connected with the rotating shaft 23S of the same 2nd control motor 23 with which it attached to.

  As understood from the above configuration, the first spool 13 and the second spool 19 are respectively rotated forward and reverse by the first and second control motors 21 and 23, respectively. The inflow port 25 and the outflow port 27 communicating with the hollow chamber 11 are formed so as to be separated in the axial direction. A fluid inlet 29 and a fluid outlet 31 communicating with the first hollow chamber 15 are formed in the second spool 19 so as to be separated from each other in the axial direction, and communicated with the second hollow chamber 17. The fluid inlet 33 and the outlet 35 are formed so as to be separated from each other in the axial direction.

  The valve body 5 and the sleeve 7 are provided with first and second pressure ports 37 and 39 corresponding to the inlet 25 and an outlet hole 41 corresponding to the outlet 27. It is.

  The first and second pressure ports 37 and 39 are appropriately connected to first and second pressure sources P1 and P2 such as hydraulic pumps having different discharge pressures, for example, and the first spool 13 is in a neutral position. The first and second pressure ports 37 and 39 are disconnected without being connected to the inlet 25. Then, the first and second pressure ports 37 and 39 are connected to the inflow port 25 as soon as the first spool 13 is rotated forward or backward from the neutral position. In the vicinity of the inlet 25, the first spool 13 is disposed at a position whose phase is different in the rotation direction.

  That is, by rotating the first spool 13 forward or backward from the neutral position, the inlet 25 can be selectively connected to the first pressure port 37 or the second pressure port 39, and the pressure of the working fluid can be reduced. , High pressure can be selected.

  The outlet 27 is formed as a long hole that is long in the rotation direction (circumferential direction) of the first spool 13, and the outlet 41 is formed when the first spool 13 is positioned at the neutral position. The outlet 27 and the outlet 41 are always connected to each other even when the first spool 13 is rotated forward or backward from the neutral position. It is what is being held.

  A fluid inlet hole 43 is formed in the second recess corresponding to the fluid inlet 29 of the first hollow chamber 15, and the first and second fluid supply holes corresponding to the fluid outlet 31 are formed. 45 and 47 are formed. Further, the sleeve 7 has first and second actuator connection holes 49 and 51 corresponding to the fluid inlet 33 of the second hollow chamber 17 and a drain port 53 corresponding to the outlet 35. It is formed. The fluid inlet port 29 is formed as a long hole that is long in the rotation direction (circumferential direction) of the second spool 19, and the fluid inlet port 43 is formed when the second spool 19 is located at the neutral position. The fluid inlet port 29 and the fluid inlet hole 43 are always provided even when the second spool 19 is rotated forward or backward from the center position. It is held in a connected state.

  The outflow hole 41 and the fluid inflow hole 43 are connected via a communication passage 55 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 7.

  The first and second fluid supply holes 45 and 47 are disconnected without being connected to the fluid outlet 31 when the second spool 19 is in the neutral position. Then, the first and second fluid supply holes 45 and 47 are connected to the fluid flow port 31 at the neutral position so that the second spool 19 is connected to the fluid outlet 31 as soon as the second spool 19 is rotated forward or backward from the neutral position. It is provided so as to be close to the outlet 31 and disposed at a position whose phase is different in the rotation direction of the second spool 19.

  That is, the fluid outlet 31 can be selectively connected to the first and second fluid supply holes 45 and 47 by rotating the second spool 19 forward or backward from the neutral position. .

  The first actuator connection hole 49 is connected to the second fluid supply hole 47 via a first connection path 57 formed in the sleeve 9, and the second actuator connection hole 51 is connected to the first fluid via a second connection path 59. It is connected to the fluid supply hole 45.

  The first and second actuator connection holes 49 and 51 are disconnected without being connected to the fluid inflow port 33 when the second spool 19 is located at the neutral position, and the second spool 19 is neutral. The first and second actuator connection holes 49 and 51 are adjacent to the fluid inlet 33 located at the neutral position so that the fluid inlet 33 is connected to the fluid inlet 33 as soon as it rotates forward or backward from the position. The spool 19 is provided at a position whose phase is different in the rotation direction.

  That is, the fluid inlet 33 can be selectively connected to the first and second actuator connection holes 49 and 51 by rotating the second spool 19 forward or backward from the neutral position. The first and second actuator connection holes 49 and 51 or the first and second fluid supply holes 45 and 47 are appropriately provided in the first chamber 61A and the second chamber 61B of the actuator 61 such as a hydraulic cylinder. Connected.

  The discharge port 35 is formed as a long hole that is long in the rotation direction of the second spool 19, and the drain port 53 corresponds to the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the discharge port 35 when the second spool 19 is located at the neutral position. Even if the second spool 19 is rotated forward or backward from the neutral position, the drain port 53 and the discharge port 35 are always kept in a connected state. is there. The drain port 53 is appropriately connected to the tank T.

  In the configuration as described above, when the first control motor 21 rotates the first spool 13 forward or backward to selectively connect the first pressure port 37 or the second pressure port 39 and the inlet 25, the first pressure The working fluid of the source P1 or the second pressure source P2 flows into the hollow chamber 11 of the first spool 13, reaches the fluid inlet hole 43 through the communication port 55 from the outlet 27 and the outlet hole 41, and the second spool 19 It flows into the first hollow chamber 15 from the fluid inlet 29.

  In this state, when the second spool 19 is rotated by the second control motor 23 to connect the fluid outlet 31 of the first hollow chamber 15 and the first fluid supply hole 45, the fluid inlet of the second hollow chamber 17 is simultaneously obtained. 33 and the first actuator connection hole 49 are connected.

  Therefore, the working fluid in the first hollow chamber 15 is supplied to the first chamber 61A of the actuator 61 via the fluid outlet 31 and the first fluid supply hole 45 (or the second connection passage 59 to the second actuator connection hole 51). Is done. The working fluid in the second chamber 61B of the actuator 61 flows into the second hollow chamber 17 through the second fluid supply hole 47, the first actuator connection hole 49, and the fluid inflow port 33, and the discharge port 35, It is discharged to the tank T through the drain port 53.

  Next, when the second control motor 23 rotates the second spool 19 in the direction opposite to that described above to connect the fluid outlet 31 of the first hollow chamber 15 to the second fluid supply hole 47, The fluid inflow port 33 is connected to the second actuator connection hole 51, the working fluid is supplied to the second chamber 61B of the actuator 61, and the working fluid is discharged from the first chamber 61A.

  As already understood, the hollow chamber 11 of the first spool 13 can be selectively connected to the first and second pressure sources P1 and P2 by rotating the first spool 13 forward or backward. Is. Therefore, when the discharge pressures of the first and second pressure sources P1 and P2 are different, the low pressure and high pressure of the working fluid can be easily selected.

  Further, the direction in which the working fluid is supplied to the actuator 61 can be easily switched by rotating the second spool 19 forward or backward by the second control motor 23. When the second spool 19 is rotated forward or reverse by the second control motor 23, the fluid outlet 31 and the first and second fluid supply holes 45 are controlled by controlling the rotational position of the second spool 19. , 47 and the fluid inlet 33 and the first and second actuator connection holes 49, 51, the degree of opening (throttle condition) can be adjusted, and the amount of working fluid supplied to the actuator 61 can be adjusted. Thus, the flow rate can be controlled. That is, it is the structure which served as the direction control valve and the flow control valve.

  As already understood, in the first embodiment, the first and second spools 13 and 19 are both configured to use the hollow chamber formed therein as a flow path for switching the flow path of the working fluid, By forming the hollow chamber, the first and second spools 13 and 19 can be formed in a cylindrical shape.

  Therefore, for example, even when the overall configuration is increased in order to increase the capacity, the first and second spools 13 and 19 need only be maintained at the required thickness. The weight of the spools 13 and 19 can be reduced. Therefore, the switching operation of the first and second spools 13 and 19 can be performed quickly and easily, the increase in size of the first and second control motors 21 and 23 can be suppressed, and compared with the size of the capacity. Thus, the overall configuration can be made compact.

  FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the first connection path 57 and the second connection path 59 are omitted, and the first and second fluid supply holes 45, 47 and the first and second actuator connection holes 49, 51 is connected to the actuator 61 via the connection paths L1 and L2, and the other configurations are almost the same as those of the first embodiment and have the same functions and effects. Constituent parts having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the first and second control motors 21 and 23 are linear actuators such as linear motors, respectively, and the first and second spools 13 and 19 are slid in the axial direction. It is a configuration provided freely. That is, by sliding the first and second spools 13 and 19 in the axial direction, the same operation and effect as the first embodiment described above can be achieved.

  That is, in the first embodiment, the operating direction of the first and second spools 13 and 19 is a rotational direction, whereas in the third embodiment, the first and second spools are configured. Since the operation directions of 13 and 19 are axial configurations, only the operation directions are different. Therefore, due to the difference in the operation direction of the first and second spools 13 and 19, the arrangement relationship of the first and second pressure ports 37 and 39 with respect to the inlet 25 provided in the first spool 13 is the operation direction. The arrangement is in the axial direction, and the outlet 27 is long in the axial direction.

  Further, since the second spool 19 slides in the axial direction similarly to the first spool 13, the fluid inlet 29 and the outlet 35 are elongated in the axial direction, and the first and second fluid supply holes are provided. 45 and 47 are arranged on both sides of the fluid outlet 31 in the axial direction, and the first and second actuator connection holes 49 and 51 are arranged on both sides of the fluid inlet 33 in the axial direction.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, the inlet 25 can be selectively connected to the first and second pressure ports 37 and 39 by sliding the first spool 13 in the axial direction, and the second spool 19 is The supply direction of the working fluid supplied to the actuator 61 can be switched and controlled by sliding in the axial direction, and the same operations and effects as the first embodiment described above are achieved.

  Also in the third embodiment, the first and second connection paths 57 and 59 are omitted, and the first and second actuator connection holes 49 and 51 are the same as in the second embodiment. It may be connected to the actuator 61.

  As already understood, since the first and second spools 13 and 19 can be provided so as to be rotatable or slidable together, as shown in FIGS. One of the two spools 13 and 19 can be rotatably provided and the other can be slidably provided. 7 and 8, the same reference numerals are given to components having the same functions as those of the above-described embodiment, and redundant description is omitted.

  By the way, in each above-mentioned embodiment, it is the composition provided with the 1st and 2nd spools 13 and 19 in order to switch high pressure and low pressure, for example. However, when there is no need to switch between high pressure and low pressure, the first spool 13 can be omitted.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9 in the case where the second spool 19 rotates, and as shown in FIG. 10 in the case where the second spool 19 slides in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. It is sufficient to omit the configuration and connect the fluid inflow hole 43 to the pressure source P. The other configurations are the same as the configuration of the directional control valve including the second spool 19 described above, and the same functions and effects can be obtained. Therefore, the components having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals. Thus, duplicate description is omitted.

  In the configuration described above, the operation of the spool is made smoother and quicker, and the shaft center of the recess and the shaft center of the spool are kept in alignment with each other, as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. A plurality of chambers C are formed in order to hold the working fluid in the minute gaps, thereby forming a fluid bearing structure, and each chamber C is connected to a pressure source through a connecting path L.

It is a section explanatory view showing the composition of the control valve concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional explanatory drawing along the II-II line in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. It is sectional explanatory drawing along the IV-IV line in FIG. It is a section explanatory view of a control valve concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a section explanatory view of a control valve concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a section explanatory view of a control valve concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. It is a section explanatory view of a control valve concerning a 5th embodiment of the present invention. It is a section explanatory view of a control valve concerning a 6th embodiment of the present invention. It is a section explanatory view of a control valve concerning a 7th embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the hydraulic circuit of a conventional structure.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Control valve 5 Valve body 11 Hollow chamber 13 1st spool 15 1st hollow chamber 17 2nd hollow chamber 19 2nd spool 21 1st control motor 23 2nd control motor 25 Inlet 27 Outlet 29,33 Fluid inflow port 31 Fluid outlet 35 Outlet 37 First pressure port 39 Second pressure port 41 Outflow hole 43 Fluid inflow hole 45 First fluid supply hole 47 Second fluid supply hole 49 First actuator connection hole 51 Second actuator connection hole 53 Drain port 61 Actuator

Claims (1)

  First and second recesses are provided at both ends of the sleeve (7) integrally fitted and fixed to the valve body (5), and a cylindrical first member having a hollow chamber (11) in the first recess. One spool (13) is rotatably fitted and a cylindrical second spool (19) having a first hollow chamber (15) is rotatably fitted in the second recess. The inlet (25) is connected to the first and second pressure ports (37, 39) provided in the sleeve (7) corresponding to the inlet (25) formed in the first spool (13). Is provided in a state where the outlet (27) provided in the first spool (13) and the outflow hole (41) provided in the sleeve (7) are always connected to each other. The fluid inlet (29) and the sleeve communicated with the first hollow chamber (15) of the spool (19) 7) and the fluid inflow hole (43) formed in the second recess are always connected, and the fluid outlet (31) formed in communication with the first hollow chamber (15) The first and second fluid supply holes (45, 47) formed in the second recess and connected to the actuator (61) are selectively connectable to the outflow hole (41) and the fluid inflow. A control valve characterized in that a hole (43) is connected via a communication passage (55) formed in the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve (7).

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