JP4528331B2 - 迅速配置可能な軽量耐荷重アーチ・システム - Google Patents
迅速配置可能な軽量耐荷重アーチ・システム Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/167—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with permanent forms made of particular materials, e.g. layered products
- E04B1/168—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with permanent forms made of particular materials, e.g. layered products flexible
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
- E04B1/3205—Structures with a longitudinal horizontal axis, e.g. cylindrical or prismatic structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/48—Chocks or the like
- E21D15/483—Chocks or the like made of flexible containers, e.g. inflatable, with or without reinforcement, e.g. filled with water, backfilling material or the like
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Description
一実施例では、本発明のアーチ管が、4.6m(15フィート)、178mm(7インチ)コンクリート充填FRPアーチ管の設計を例示することによって、以下の条件の下で設計される。
1.空のFRPアーチ管が湿潤コンクリートの重量によって発生する死荷重応力に対して確認される。
2.反復解析を必要とする、スパン中央での最大集中垂直荷重の計算。モーメント〜曲率数値モデルが178mm(7インチ)直径FRPコンクリート複合材料断面の最大モーメント耐力を計算するのに使用される。この最終モーメントを達成するのに必要な臨界集中加荷重は、従来方式の構造解析モデルによって求められる。
3.全体的なバックリング(global buckling)は2つの場合の下で確認される。
a.コンクリートの硬化前
b.コンクリートの硬化およびスパン中央のところに集中荷重を加えた後
局所的壁バックリングも確認される。
の確認
湿潤コンクリートの重量に等価な垂直等分布荷重が構造体の長さに沿って加えられるときのFRPアーチ管が、構造解析コンピュータ・プログラムを使用してモデル化される。このアーチは、直線梁要素でメッシュ化する(meshed)ことができる。境界条件はピン支点として考えることができる。面積9.0cm2(1.398in2)、慣性モーメント363cm4(8.717in4)、および弾性係数13.3GPa(1.795×106psi)が、2.23mm(0.088インチ)の厚さおよび177.8mm(7インチ)の半径を有するFRP中空管に対する値であるとして取られた。
Ashell=2.π.r.t (1)
Ishell=2.π.r3.t (2)
FRPコンクリート・アーチが支持できる最大垂直集中スパン中央荷重を計算するのに、反復方法が使用される。この反復方法は、2つの数値コンピュータ・プログラムの使用に立脚している:(1)FRPコンクリート横断面のモーメント耐力を計算するためのモーメント〜曲率プログラム、(2)所与の構造体モデルおよび荷重に基づく内部に生じる力を計算する構造解析プログラムである。モーメント〜曲率出力および入力変数の簡単な要約が最初に与えられる。FRPコンクリート試料の解析に適用された反復法を詳細に説明する。反復手順を理解するのに助ける流れ図も含まれる。
A=Acr+Ashell (10)
ここで、 Ashell=(2πr・t)・n (11)
かつ Acr=r2.(α−sin(α).cos(α)) (12)
ここで、rは円形横断面の半径であり、
I=Icr+Ishell (13)
Ishell=2.π.r3.t (14)
FRPアーチ管が2つの荷重下での全体バックリングに対して確認される。
1.湿潤コンクリートの重量下でのFRPアーチ管
2.スパン中央に加えられた集中荷重下でのFRPコンクリート・アーチ管
便宜のため、この計算を促進するためにコンピュータを使用することができる。線形弾性材料用の仮想仕事を使用して、以下の解析が適用位置エネルギ関数を最小にする。
この剛性行列に境界条件を適用する、K_BC、(3)節点撓みを計算する、
FRPアーチ管システムに対し例証される最後の種類の解析は、軸方向圧縮の下での局所的バックリングである。弾性シェル・バックリングを使用する1組の方程式が、単純化された概略方法として使用される。
Claims (14)
- 複数のアーチ状の中空の管状構造部材と、
横方向の耐力部材を定める複数の波形のシートと、
を備えた耐荷重システムにおいて、
前記各管状構造部材は、一平面内に向きを定められており、各管状構造部材は、隣接する管状構造部材と整列状態で実質的に平行であり、前記管状構造部材は、繊維強化高分子材料で形成されており、前記中空の管状構造部材は、無収縮コンクリート、膨張コンクリート、無収縮グラウト材料、膨張グラウト材料、無収縮高分子材料、膨張高分子材料および砂を含む群から選択される材料だけから成る少なくとも1つの補強材料で少なくとも部分的に充填され、
前記各波形のシートは、少なくとも2つの管状構造部材を、相互に連結し、前記波形のシートの波形は、前記管状構造部材の平面に実質的に直交する方向に延びている、
ことを特徴とする耐荷重システム。 - 前記横方向の耐力部材が、前記管状構造部材内の補強材料内に延びる複数の留め具によって前記管状構造部材に固定されている請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記留め具がねじである請求項2に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記各管状構造部材が、少なくとも1つの開口を備え前記管状構造部材は、前記開口を介して前記補強材料でサイト充てんされることが可能である請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの開口が、前記管状構造部材の頂部付近に配置されている請求項4に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記横方向の耐力部材を、金属高分子材料、繊維補強高分子材料のうちの1つで形成する請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記横方向の耐力部材のシートを、木材−プラスチック複合材料で形成する請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 耐荷重システムであって、
複数のアーチ状の中空の管状構造部材を備え、
前記各管状構造部材は、一平面内に向きを定められており、各管状構造部材は、隣接する管状構造部材と整列状態で実質的に平行であり、前記管状構造部材は、繊維強化高分子材料で形成されており、前記中空の管状構造部材は、無収縮コンクリート、膨張コンクリート、無収縮グラウト材料、膨張グラウト材料、無収縮高分子材料、膨張高分子材料および砂を含む群から選択される材料だけから成る少なくとも1つの補強材料の充填により補強され、
前記各補強構造部材は、補強されない構造部材に比べて大きい強度および剛性を備え、前記各管状構造部材を、隣接する管状構造部材に取付けて成る耐荷重システム。 - 前記中空の管状構造部材により、管状の空洞を画定し、前記充填補強材料が、前記管状の空洞の少なくとも一部分に配置される請求項8の耐荷重システム。
- 前記管状構造部材が、各管状構造部材の長さに沿って間隔を開けて配置される横断方向の穴を貫通して嵌合される実質的に水平のロッドを使用して横断方向に連結される、請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記管状構造部材がジオテキスタイルなどの柔軟性のある生地によって被覆される、請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記管状構造部材が、前記管状構造部材に対して直角な方向に全体的に配置される少なくとも1つまたは複数の横方向耐力部材に動作的に連結され、前記横方向耐力部材が垂直荷重を前記管状構造部材に伝達することができ、かつ前記耐荷重システムに横方向荷重強度をもたらす、請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記管状構造部材が、設計死荷重および設計活荷重を担持するために、必要に応じて互いに計算された距離のところに間隔を開けて配置される、請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
- 前記耐荷重システムが短スパン埋設橋、地下貯蔵施設またはトンネル構造体のうちの少なくとも1つを備える、請求項1に記載の耐荷重システム。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/043,420 US8850750B2 (en) | 2005-01-26 | 2005-01-26 | Rapidly-deployable lightweight load resisting arch system |
| PCT/US2006/002364 WO2006081214A2 (en) | 2005-01-26 | 2006-01-23 | Rapidly-deployable lightweight load resisting arch system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2008537576A JP2008537576A (ja) | 2008-09-18 |
| JP4528331B2 true JP4528331B2 (ja) | 2010-08-18 |
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| JP2007552355A Expired - Fee Related JP4528331B2 (ja) | 2005-01-26 | 2006-01-23 | 迅速配置可能な軽量耐荷重アーチ・システム |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8850750B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1846624B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4528331B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2595432C (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2547244T3 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006081214A2 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8850750B2 (en) | 2005-01-26 | 2014-10-07 | University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees | Rapidly-deployable lightweight load resisting arch system |
| US8522486B2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2013-09-03 | University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees | Composite structural member |
| US8591788B2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2013-11-26 | University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees | Method of forming a composite structural member |
| DE102006005509A1 (de) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Splitterschutz mit optischer und thermischer Funktionalität |
| US20090039566A1 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-12 | Rodman William L | Composite structures and methods of making same |
| US20100088977A1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-15 | Curtis William Darling | Apparatus and method for finishing a wall surface |
| PL2354447T3 (pl) * | 2010-01-29 | 2017-09-29 | Officine Maccaferri Italia S.R.L. | Sposób podpierania i wzmacniania wyrobiska za pomocą żebra |
| US9088142B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2015-07-21 | Terra Technologies, LLC | Systems and apparatus for protecting subsurface conduit and methods of making and using the same |
| EP2686507B1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2017-05-03 | Lock-Block Ltd. | A formwork for use in the construction of arched structures and a method of constructing arched structures |
| RU2487978C1 (ru) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" КГАСУ | Способ возведения арочного здания |
| US9970166B2 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2018-05-15 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Concrete bridge system and related methods |
| WO2013119448A1 (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2013-08-15 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Concrete bridge system and related methods |
| USD697634S1 (en) | 2012-02-20 | 2014-01-14 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Upper portion of a concrete bridge unit |
| USD694910S1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-12-03 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Upper portion of a concrete bridge unit |
| MX2012013153A (es) | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-28 | M3 System Llc | Una casa ecologica mejorada. |
| US20140202091A1 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-24 | Walton W. McCarthy | Hexoid arch and shelter structure |
| US8752336B1 (en) * | 2013-03-03 | 2014-06-17 | Ilyas Cem Ozsuer | Inflatable blast proof structure |
| KR101421892B1 (ko) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-07-22 | (주)지승컨설턴트 | 지중 아치 구조물 |
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| EP1846624B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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| CA2595432A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
| US8850750B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 |
| JP2008537576A (ja) | 2008-09-18 |
| WO2006081214A3 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
| US20060174549A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
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