JP4533075B2 - Black smoke - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a black smoke extinguishing device that extinguishes when black smoke is generated in a factory facility, and more particularly to a black smoke extinguishing device used when a large amount of black smoke is instantaneously generated at a black smoke generating source. Is.

Conventionally, as a smoke extinguishing device that extinguishes smoke when black smoke or the like is generated in a factory facility, the exhaust is heated to a predetermined temperature (for example, 750 to 800 ° C.) and held for a certain time (0.3 to 1 second). Often used is a direct-fire type smoke eliminator that eliminates smoke. In the field of incinerators, there are, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 for heating and exhausting exhaust gas. In addition, there is a system in which a catalyst is provided in the exhaust path and a heater for heating the catalyst is provided to extinguish smoke with the catalyst (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-267254 JP-A-8-24575 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-267254

  By the way, although black smoke generated from an oil tank at the time of quenching in a heat treatment factory or the like is short in generation time (for example, about 30 seconds), it is generated in large quantities at once, and environmental measures are desired. However, in the smoke eliminator like the former of the above-mentioned conventional example, the capacity of the heating device for heating the exhaust gas becomes extremely large in order to extinguish a large amount of black smoke generated in a short time, and the equipment becomes large. Requires extreme investment. Moreover, black smoke is generated only once a day by quenching in the heat treatment plant as described above, and the above-mentioned capital investment for treating black smoke generated in large quantities temporarily is necessary. There is a lot of waste in terms of equipment. For this reason, the introduction of smoke eliminating devices has not progressed, and environmental measures have become difficult. Also, the latter using the catalyst as in the latter case of the conventional example has a problem that the equipment becomes large as in the former case.

  The present invention has been invented in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and even if black smoke is instantaneously generated in large quantities, it is possible to remove the black smoke, but the equipment does not become large in size and is capital investment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a black smoke extinguishing device that can reduce environmental impact and contribute to environmental measures.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a black smoke eliminator according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a smoke eliminator body 2 installed in the vicinity of a black smoke generation source 1 in a factory, and black smoke in the smoke eliminator body 2. A suction port 3 that sucks black smoke from the generation source 1, an exhaust cylinder 4 that exhausts the smoke from the smoke eliminator body 2 to the outside, and a blower fan 5 that sucks air from the suction port 3 and exhausts it from the exhaust cylinder 4. A black smoke extinguishing device provided, the heat-resistant filter A for capturing the soot of black smoke sucked from the suction port is composed of a cylindrical filter member 6 provided with a filter surface around it, The partition plate 19 that partitions the space inside the smoke eliminator main body 2 into a lower space 7 that is a suction side and an upper space 8 that is an exhaust side is provided with a plurality of insertion holes 23 that are inserted through and suspended from the upper end of the filter member 6. by providing a plurality of the filter Hanging timber 6 to the filter member 6 is arranged in the lower space 7, the filter surface of the periphery of each filter element 6 from the lower space inside 7, so that the air flows into the upper space 8 through the filter member 6 The filter member 6 is provided with a filter heating means B for heating the filter member 6 in order to burn off the smoke smoke trapped in the filter member 6, and the filter heating means B is suspended in the lower space 7. The gas burner 10 includes a combustion cylinder 10b that is disposed so as to face the filter surface of the filter member 6 and discharges combustion exhaust gas .

  According to the above configuration, when black smoke is generated at the black smoke generation source 1, the blower fan 5 is driven to suck black smoke from the suction port 3 and to the filter surface of the filter member 6 as the filter A. The soot is collected and the purified air can be discharged from the exhaust tube 4. When removing the black smoke, the black smoke soot is collected on the filter surface of the filter member 6 from the lower space 7 through the filter surface around the cylindrical filter member 6, the filter member 6, and the upper space 8. Therefore, black smoke soot is collected on the filter surface of a very large area. As a result, even if a large amount of black smoke is generated instantaneously, the smoke of black smoke can be reliably collected without increasing the air ventilation resistance. By providing the cylindrical filter member 6 in this way, black smoke soot can be collected, so that black smoke can be removed even if a large amount of black smoke is instantaneously generated, as in the conventional case. Equipment can be reduced in size and capital investment can be reduced, contributing to environmental measures.

Further, a filter heating means B for heating the filter member 6 is provided in order to burn out the smoke of black smoke trapped in the filter member 6, and the filter heating means B includes a plurality of the above-described plurality of suspensions suspended in the lower space 7. Since it is the gas burner 10 provided with the combustion cylinder 10b that is disposed so as to face the filter surface of the filter member 6 and discharges combustion exhaust gas, the filter A can be incinerated by heating the filter A using gas as fuel, and the filter A can be regenerated. The running cost can be reduced, and when black smoke is not generated at the black smoke generation source 1, the black smoke trapped in the filter member 6 can be incinerated and removed by heating the filter member 6 with the combustion cylinder 10 b of the gas burner 10. . Thereby, the filter member 6 can be easily regenerated. Also without requiring a large amount of heat at a time can play over a long period of time to play by heating while the black smoke does not occur, the equipment is not such or large-sized.

The black smoke smoke removing apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, in claim 1, characterized in that suspended detachably said plurality of filter members 6 in the partition plate 19. The tubular filter member 6 can be extracted upward, and the filter member 6 can be removed to facilitate maintenance.

The black smoke smoke removing apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, in any one of claims 1 or claim 2, the filter A is ceramic fiber blanket 9, metal fiber, metal porous body, porous ceramic, etc. It is a heat-resistant and nonflammable porous body. In this case, the filter A is unlikely to deteriorate even if it is incinerated after collecting black smoke soot.

The black smoke smoke removing apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention, in claim 1 or claim 2, the tubular filter member 6 is characterized in that formed by winding a ceramic fiber blanket 9. The ceramic fiber blanket 9 has fine eyes and can surely collect black smoke soot and is not easily clogged. Also, it has heat resistance, and burning black smoke soot is not harmful.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, even if a large amount of black smoke is instantaneously generated from the black smoke generation source , black smoke soot is captured by the extremely large area of the filter surface of the plurality of cylindrical filter members. yet one which can be purified by collecting, has the effect of equipment as in the prior art can be reduced capital investment with no al a large, yet a plurality of filters in the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion cylinder of the gas burner Since the member can be heated, black smoke trapped in the filter member can be incinerated and regenerated while the black smoke generation source does not generate black smoke, and there is an effect that it can be easily regenerated over time .

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The black smoke eliminating apparatus of the present invention is installed in the vicinity of the black smoke generating source 1 of the factory 11 as shown in FIGS. In the case of this example, the factory is a heat treatment factory, the black smoke generation source 1 is an oil tank 1a for quenching treatment, and an oil tank when a metal object 1b heated to a high temperature is immersed in the oil tank 1a and quenched. The oil in 1a is heated and a large amount of black smoke S is instantaneously generated. In such a heat treatment factory, the workpiece 1b is immersed in the oil tank 1a and subjected to quenching treatment once to several times a day.

  The black smoke extinguishing device includes a smoke extinguishing device main body 2, a suction port 3 for sucking black smoke from the black smoke generating source 1 into the smoke extinguishing device main body 2, and an exhaust pipe 4 for exhausting the smoke extinguishing device main body 2 from the inside to the outside. And the main body is composed.

  In the case of this example, the smoke eliminator main body 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped box-shaped furnace body, and is formed of a refractory material. The inside of the smoke eliminator main body 2 is partitioned vertically, and an upper space 8 and a lower space 7 are formed. The suction port 3 and the lower space 7 in the smoke eliminator main body 2 are communicated with each other via a blower fan 5, and by driving the blower fan 5, black smoke can be sucked into the lower space 7 from the suction port 3. It can be done. A damper 13 that opens and closes the communication path 12 is slidably attached to the communication path 12 that allows the blower fan 5 and the lower space 7 to communicate with each other. The upper space 8 in the flame extinguishing apparatus main body 2 communicates with a chimney-shaped exhaust cylinder 4 so that the purified air can be exhausted outside the building 11 a of the factory 11 through the exhaust cylinder 4. In FIG. 2, 15 is a wall of the building 11a, and 16 is a pillar.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a plurality of inspection ports 17 are perforated on the upper surface of the smoke eliminator main body 2, and the inspection ports 17 are closed with an inspection lid 18 that can be opened and closed. The upper space 8 and the lower space 7 in the smoke eliminator main body 2 are partitioned by a plurality of rectangular plate-like partition plates 19, and the partition plates 19 are supported as follows. On the periphery between the upper space 8 and the lower space 7 in the smoke eliminator main body 2, a mounting edge 20 is provided so as to extend over the entire circumference. The mounting edges 21a and 22a are also provided on the upper surface of the eaves 21 installed on the eaves and the eaves 22 installed in the front-rear direction. The peripheral edge of the partition plate 19 is supported by being placed on the placement edges 20, 21a, 22a. The partition plate 18 is formed in a size slightly smaller than the inspection port 17. A plurality of insertion holes 23 are perforated in the partition plate 19, and the filter member 6 can be inserted and supported as a filter A in the insertion holes 23. In the case of this example, six insertion holes 23 are provided at equal intervals in the partition plate 19 so that the six filter members 6 can be inserted and maintained.

  The filter member 6 has a cylindrical shape, and a filter surface is formed around it. In this example, the filter member 6 is formed as shown in FIG. A lower flange member 26 integrally provided with a blind plate 26a is attached to the lower end of a support cylinder 25 made of a cylindrical wire mesh, and an annular upper flange member 27 is attached to the upper end of the support cylinder 25. The upper flange member 27 is provided with a handle 28. The lower flange 27 has a pair of locking holes 29, and the upper flange member 27 has a pair of insertion holes 30. As shown in FIG. 7, the pressing member 31 is formed in a long and narrow plate shape with a length extending up and down the entire length of the support cylinder 25, has a locking piece 32 at the lower end, and has a through hole 33 at the upper end. It is. In the case of this example, a ceramic fiber blanket (a ceramic fiber formed into a blanket-like sheet) 9 is used as the sheet material. Used. The ceramic fiber blanket 9 is wound around the outer circumference of the support cylinder 25 over the entire length of the support cylinder 25, and the holding member 31 is inserted through the insertion hole 30 to engage the locking piece 32 at the lower end of the presser material 31. The ceramic fiber blanket 9 is pressed and fixed by the pressing member 31 by being locked in the stop hole 29. The filter member 6 configured as described above is inserted through the insertion holes 23 of the partition plate 19 from above, and is suspended by engaging the upper flange member 27 of the filter member 6 with the edges of the insertion holes 23.

  In the case of this example, the ceramic fiber blanket 9 is used as the sheet material wound around the support cylinder 25 of the filter member 6, but metal fibers may be used instead. Further, the filter member 6 may be integrally formed with a porous ceramic or a metal porous body.

  A filter heating means B is provided in the lower space 7 in the smoke eliminator main body 2. In the case of this example, the filter heating means B is a gas burner 10 that burns using gas as fuel. The gas burner 10 is composed of a burner body 10a and a combustion cylinder 10b. When burned in the burner body 10a, the combustion exhaust gas passes through the combustion cylinder 10b, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the through hole 10c of the combustion cylinder 10b. It has become. When the gas burner 10 is provided in the lower space 7, in this example, the combustion cylinder 10 b is mounted below the soot 21 and along the entire length of the soot 21.

  The black smoke extinguishing device is configured as described above and used as follows. When black smoke is generated at the black smoke generation source 1, the blower fan 5 is driven after opening the damper 13 (the blower fan 5 may be driven and the damper 13 may be opened). Then, black smoke is sucked from the suction port 3, black smoke soot is collected by the filter member 6 as the filter A, and the purified air is exhausted from the exhaust tube 4. When removing black smoke, the ceramic fiber blanket 9 as the filter surface of the filter member 6, the filter member 6, and the upper space 8 are collected from the lower space 7 to be collected by the ceramic fiber blanket 9 as the filter surface. Black smoke traps are collected on a very large filter surface. As a result, even if a large amount of black smoke is generated instantaneously, the smoke of black smoke can be reliably collected without increasing the air ventilation resistance. Moreover, since the ceramic fiber blanket 9 is used, the eyes are fine, so that black smoke soot can be reliably collected and clogging is difficult.

  As described above, black smoke soot can be collected by the filter member 6, but when black smoke soot accumulates in the filter member 6, the black smoke soot is periodically removed to regenerate the filter member 6. There is a need. For this reason, when black smoke is not generated at the black smoke generation source 1, after the damper 13 is closed (it is necessary to close it when the filter A is regenerated), the gas burner 10 as the filter heating means B is burned to filter the filter member 6 The filter member 6 is regenerated by incinerating black smoke soot.

  When maintenance of the filter member 6 is performed, the inspection lid 18 is removed, the inspection port 17 is opened, the partition plate 19 is taken out together with a plurality of (six) filter members 6, and the filter member 6 is removed from the partition plate 19. Maintenance to replace the ceramic fiber blanket 9 is performed.

An example of the design of the black smoke extinguishing apparatus of the present invention as described above will be described. Design exhaust air volume: 180 m ³ / min, filter area 10 m ² , filter passing air speed: 0.3 m / s or less, initial pressure loss 300 Pa or less, Smoke eliminator body (furnace) internal dimensions: L (length) x W (width) x H (height) = 2550 mm x 800 mm x 820 mm, capacity of gas burner to regenerate: 100 kW, regeneration heating temperature: 700 ° C . On the other hand, in the case of the conventional direct combustion type smoke eliminator of the prior art, even when the limit design is performed with the same design air volume as that of the present invention described above (heating to 750 ° C. and holding for 0.3 seconds), the furnace Internal dimensions: L × W × H = 4790 mm × 800 mm × 820 mm (when W and H are combined with the present invention), gas burner capacity: 3000 kW. Thus, it can be seen that the present invention can reduce the furnace body volume by 47% and the gas burner capacity by 97% compared to the prior art.

Moreover, when providing the filter A in the smoke eliminator main body 2, you may employ | adopt a structure like FIG. In the case of FIG. 8A, a filter A in which a plurality of filter elements 35 having a substantially V-shaped cross section are arranged in parallel is provided between the upper space 8 and the lower space 7, and in the case of FIG. 8B. A filter A having a plurality of U-shaped filter elements 36 arranged side by side is provided between the upper space 8 and the lower space 7. The filter elements 35 and 36 are formed of a heat-resistant and non-combustible porous material such as a ceramic fiber blanket, a metal fiber, a metal porous material, or a porous ceramic. The above-mentioned filter element 35 and 36 but it may also be to be able to one by one detachable.

It is the front view which abbreviate | omitted a part of black smoke extinguishing apparatus of this invention, and was notched partially. It is a partially notched side view same as the above. It is a partially cutaway enlarged plan view of the smoke eliminator main body same as the above. It is sectional drawing seen from the front of FIG. It is sectional drawing seen from the side surface of FIG. The filter member same as the above is shown, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a sectional view seen from the front, and (c) is a bottom view. It is a front view of the pressing member same as the above. (A) (b) is the schematic which shows the other example of the structure of the filter provided in a smoke eliminator main body same as the above.

1 Black smoke source 2 Smoke extinguisher body 3 Suction port
4 Exhaust tube 5 Blower fan 6 Filter member 7 Lower space 8 Upper space 9 Ceramic fiber blanket 10 Gas burner
10b Combustion cylinder
19 Partition
23 Insertion hole A Filter B Filter heating means

Claims (4)

A smoke eliminator body installed in the vicinity of the factory's black smoke source, a suction port for sucking black smoke from the black smoke source in the smoke eliminator body, and an exhaust pipe for exhausting the smoke from the smoke eliminator body to the outside A black smoke evacuation device comprising a blower fan for sucking from the suction port and blowing air so as to be exhausted from the exhaust pipe, and a heat-resistant filter for capturing the smoke of black smoke sucked from the suction port Is composed of a cylindrical filter member having a filter surface around it, and a partition plate that divides the space inside the smoke eliminator main body into a lower space on the suction side and an upper space on the exhaust side. By providing a plurality of insertion holes that pass through the upper end and hang down, the plurality of filter members are suspended so that the filter members are arranged in the lower space, and a filter around each filter member is laid from the lower space. The filter surface is provided with a filter heating means for heating the filter member so that air flows into the upper space through the filter surface and the filter member, and the smoke smoke trapped in the filter member is burned off. Is a gas burner provided with a combustion cylinder that is disposed opposite to the filter surfaces of the plurality of filter members suspended in the lower space and discharges combustion exhaust gas . 2. The black smoke extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of filter members are detachably suspended from the partition plate . 3. The black smoke according to claim 1 , wherein the filter is a heat-resistant and non-combustible porous material such as a ceramic fiber blanket, a metal fiber, a metal porous material, or a porous ceramic. Smoke eliminating device. The tubular filter member according to claim 1 or claim 2, black smoke vanishing KemuriSo location according is characterized in that formed by winding a ceramic fiber blanket.

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