JP4539405B2 - Transaction profile creation method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a basic performance evaluation technique for an information processing apparatus, and more particularly to a transaction profile creation method and apparatus for creating a transaction profile that is basic performance data of an information processing system such as a server connected to a network.

  Due to advances in computer technology, information processing apparatuses that execute a large amount of information by a computer or a server have been developed and are widely used. In such an information processing apparatus, it is desired to know an accurate transaction profile that is a measure of basic performance data or basic processing capability.

  The prior art in such technical fields is disclosed in several technical documents. Disclosed is a processing capacity measuring apparatus and method for measuring the processing capacity of each transaction processing process and the processing capacity of the entire transaction processing system at the same time by returning the time that each transaction processing process uses a CPU (Central Processing Unit). (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  In addition, an example of evaluating the performance of a server that processes a plurality of transactions in parallel is disclosed (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). In this method, a plurality of servers are used by using a performance prediction model based on performance basic data (transaction profile) such as time of server resources (CPU, disk, etc.) used in processing of one transaction and queuing network theory. The performance (mainly the relationship between transaction response time and server throughput) is estimated. In addition, a technique using a performance simulator as a performance prediction model is also disclosed (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2). However, also in this Non-Patent Document 2, the input data and the output result in the performance evaluation are the same as in Non-Patent Document 1.

  In any of the evaluation methods described above, a transaction profile is used as input data, and the result obtained depends on the accuracy of the transaction profile. As in Non-Patent Document 1, a method for obtaining a transaction profile by measuring a system similar to an evaluation target system or a prototype of the evaluation target system using an event trace technique generally obtains a transaction profile with high accuracy. It is believed that

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-14189 (page 3-4, FIG. 1) Takashi Horikawa, Performance Analysis of a Client-Server SystemUsing Queueing Networks: A Case Study, Int.Trans.Opl Res.Vol. 4, No. 3pp.199-209, 1997 http://www.hyperformix.com/Default.asp?Page=210

  However, there may be a problem that the CPU usage time in the transaction profile obtained by the analysis according to the prior art as described above, that is, the period in which the CPU operates in the process context is targeted. In other words, considering the operation of transmitting and receiving data via the network, since the transmission / reception operation and the protocol processing are often executed in an interrupt context, the CPU usage time by this processing is based on the transaction profile obtained by the conventional method. It will not be included. Since the CPU time used in the network processing accompanying the transaction processing is an element that increases as the transaction amount increases, accurate evaluation cannot be performed unless it is included in the transaction profile. In particular, when performing a performance evaluation for an application that uses a lot of network processing, using a transaction profile obtained by a conventional technique may result in an erroneous evaluation result.

  On the other hand, in order to perform sizing of an information processing system (that is, to appropriately estimate the scale of computer resources such as a CPU, a disk, and a network necessary for processing the load on the system), a transaction profile (that is, It is often performed using a mathematical model such as a simulation or a queuing network model based on the basic data of the amount and time of computer resources used for processing one transaction. That is, this accuracy is important because the accuracy of the transaction profile determines the accuracy of sizing.

  In a server connected to a network, a processing request and a processing result are usually passed through the network. However, interrupt processing and protocol processing necessary for network transmission and reception processing (that is, network processing) It is often executed as an operation during interrupt processing (i.e., interrupt context) rather than an operation (i.e., process context). For this reason, the profile creation method according to the prior art has a problem that the CPU usage time for the network processing is not counted as the CPU usage time of the transaction profile even though the CPU usage is associated with the transaction processing.

  In addition, in the method of detailing the events to be recorded in the event trace to the extent that it is possible to associate each network process with the transaction process, the occurrence frequency of the trace target event increases, so the overhead at the time of trace collection increases. In addition, there is a problem that the size of the event trace data becomes large.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the transaction profile creation method and apparatus according to the present invention employs the following characteristic configuration.

(1) In a transaction profile creation method for creating a transaction profile (CPU time) that is basic performance data of a measurement target server connected to a network,
A first step of collecting event trace data including an event type, a process ID and a data size of the measurement target server;
A second step of calculating a total CPU time not including an interrupt processing time for each process from the event trace data ;
A third step of obtaining a relative cost total for each process according to a predetermined relative cost for each operation of the network operation of the event trace data;
A fourth step of obtaining a total of all interrupt processing times of the event trace data;
A fifth step of apportioning the total interruption time obtained in the fourth step based on the total relative cost for each process obtained in the third step;
A transaction profile creation comprising: a sixth step of obtaining a final transaction profile for each process by adding the interrupt time prorated in the fifth step to the CPU time total for each process obtained in the second step Method.
(2) The transaction profile creation method according to the above (1) , wherein the relative cost of each operation determines each operation of the network operation according to a data size .
(3) In a transaction profile creation device for creating a transaction profile (CPU time) that is basic performance data of a measurement target server used by being connected to a network.
With the types of events taken through the measuring probe from the measurement object server, transaction profile processor for receiving the event trace data including the process ID and the data size,
The transaction profile processing unit includes a network processing profile generation unit that calculates the total CPU time used in network processing executed in an interrupt context, and a relative cost for each operation of each network operation using a predetermined calculation formula. and network operation totaling unit for obtaining the sum, and the network processing profile apportioning unit for determining the network processing CPU time to be apportioned to each process from the relative cost total and the total network processing CPU time for each of the process, the event trace A transaction profile generation unit that obtains a transaction profile for each process based on data, and a transaction profile for each process obtained by the transaction profile generation unit Serial transaction profile generation device and a transaction profile correction unit for obtaining the final transaction profile plus the CPU time of the network processing of proportional division for each process found by the network processing profile apportioning section.
(4) The transaction profile creation device according to ( 3 ), wherein the network operation totaling unit refers to a relative cost table obtained based on the event trace data .

  According to the transaction profile creation method and apparatus of the present invention, the following significant effects can be obtained. First, a transaction profile is obtained that adds the CPU time for network processing executed in the interrupt context. The reason is that in the analysis of the event trace data, the CPU time used for the network processing is also obtained, and correction is made such that it is prorated and added to the conventional transaction profile.

  Second, it is possible to reduce an increase in overhead when obtaining event trace data serving as base data for creating a transaction profile from the measurement target server. The reason is that by introducing a relative cost table, it is possible to apportion the network processing CPU time to each process only by outputting an event about basic network operation. In other words, it is because it is no longer necessary for the measurement target server to output information indicating the correspondence relationship with the process to be added for each network process to the event trace data.

  Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of a preferred embodiment of a transaction profile creation method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  First, FIG. 1 shows a system configuration diagram of a preferred embodiment of a transaction profile creation apparatus according to the present invention. The transaction profile creation apparatus 10 includes a measurement target server 20 and a transaction profile processing unit 30 that operate under program control.

The measurement target server 20 includes an operating system (OS) 21 in which an application program 22 and a measurement probe 23 are built. The transaction profile processing unit 30 includes a transaction profile generation unit 31, a network processing profile generation unit 32, a network operation totaling unit 33, a network processing profile apportioning unit 34, a transaction profile correction unit 35, and a relative cost table 36. It is out. Then, event trace data 40 is collected from the measurement target server 20 via the measurement probe 23 and stored in a memory (storage device). The event trace data, the time taken from the measurement object server 20, the type of event, contain the process ID and data size. Further, the transaction profile processing unit 30 creates and outputs a transaction profile 50.

  The general operation of the transaction profile creation apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 is as follows. The measurement probe 23 of the measurement target server 20 is configured to output event trace data 40 in which the behavior of the measurement target server 20 is recorded as a time series. An event trace when the application program 22 is processing a transaction is collected by the measurement probe 23. When the event trace data 40 is input, each unit of the transaction processing unit 30 operates in the following order.

(1) The transaction profile generation unit 31 calculates a computer resource usage amount (that is, a transaction profile) for each process.
(2) The network processing profile generation unit 32 obtains the total CPU time used in the network processing executed in the interrupt context (hereinafter referred to as all network processing CPU time).
(3) The network operation totaling unit 33 obtains a value obtained by summing up the relative costs of all network operations performed by each process according to the calculation method described in the relative cost table 36 (hereinafter referred to as “total relative cost for each process”). .
(4) The network processing profile apportioning unit 34 obtains a CPU time (network processing CPU time for each process) that is apportioned for each process from the total relative cost for each process and the network processing CPU time.
(5) The transaction profile correction unit 35 adds the network processing CPU time for each process obtained in (4) to the CPU time in the conventional transaction profile, thereby making the CPU by the network processing executed in the interrupt context. Find transaction profile including time.

Next, the operation of the transaction profile creation apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail with reference to the explanatory diagrams of FIGS. FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the event trace data 40. FIG. 3 shows a transaction profile (CPU usage time not including network processing ) generated from the event trace data 40 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows an example of the relative cost of network operations. FIG. 5 shows the result of determining the relative cost of each network operation. FIG. 6 shows the total network processing CPU time. FIG. 7 shows the network processing CPU time allocated to each process. FIG. 8 shows CPU time (including network processing) in the transaction profile.

  In the specific example of the event trace collected from the measurement target server 20 shown in FIG. 2, the event type, process ID, and data size for each time are shown. The operation of this embodiment will be described in the case where a transaction profile is generated from a specific example of the event trace data 40 shown in FIG.

  First, the basic operations of the transaction profile generation unit 31, the network processing profile generation unit 32, and the network operation totalization unit 33, which are methods for obtaining results by inputting the event trace data 40, are the same. That is, the operation of reading event data for one event from the event trace data 40 and performing necessary aggregation is performed in order from the first event recorded in the event trace data 40. Then, when the counting operation for the event recorded at the end of the event trace data 40 is completed, the operation up to that point is sent as the final result to the next processing.

First, the transaction profile generation unit 31 creates a transaction profile indicating the amount of computer resource used for each process. FIG. 3 shows a transaction profile (CPU usage time) generated from the event trace data 40 of FIG. In FIG. 3, the CPU time in the transaction profile is calculated for each process. The CPU usage time of each process 100, 200, etc. is the interrupt processing time (interrupt end event time - interrupt start) performed from the time the process was operating (save event time - corresponding resume event time). This is the value obtained by subtracting ( event time).

Next, the network processing profile generation unit 32 obtains the network processing CPU time. Since the period from the interrupt start event to the interrupt end event caused by the network is the time during which the network processing is performed in the interrupt context, the total network processing CPU time in the event trace data 40 in FIG. It is given by equation 1).
(t5-t4) + (t8-t7) + (t12-t11) + (t16-t15) + (t21-t20) ... (Formula 1)

  When a network operation event is read, the network operation totaling unit 33 obtains a relative cost for the network operation based on the preset relative cost of the network operation described in the relative cost table 36 and shown in FIG. Then, the obtained relative cost is added to the total relative cost of the process to which the event belongs. In the specific example shown in FIG. 4, the relative cost of the connect operation is 200, the relative cost of the accept operation is 500, the relative cost of the send operation is 5 + 1 × data size, the relative cost of the receive operation is 10 + 0.8 × data size, and close The relative cost of operation is 100. A network operation event is generated between the process context, that is, the resume event and the save event. Therefore, by specifying the resume event and the save event as processing targets of the network operation totaling unit 33, it is easy to specify the process to which the network operation event belongs.

  FIG. 5 shows the result of calculating the relative cost of each network operation based on the event trace data 40 shown in FIG. FIG. 5 includes time, event type, process ID, data size, and relative cost. This relative cost column includes the relative cost for each network operation shown in FIG. That is, for example, for a connect operation, 200 is included as a relative cost.

  FIG. 6 shows the output of the network operation totaling unit 33, that is, the result of obtaining the total relative cost of each process. FIG. 6 shows the total relative cost for each of the processes 100 and 200. That is, the total relative cost of the process 100 is 830 (= 200 + 25 + 505 + 100), and the total relative cost of the process 200 is 550 (= 500 + 50).

  Next, when the processing by inputting the event trace data 40 is completed, the network processing profile apportioning unit 34 and the transaction correcting unit 35 operate to create and output a final transaction profile 50. The procedure is shown below.

  First, the network processing apportioning unit 34 receives the total network processing CPU time from the network processing profile generation unit 32 and the total relative cost for each process from the network operation totaling unit 33, and obtains the network processing CPU time for each process. Specifically, the network processing CPU time for a certain process is obtained by total network processing CPU time × total relative cost of the process / total relative cost of all processes. FIG. 7 shows network processing CPU time allocated to each process from the total network processing CPU time and the total relative cost for each process shown in FIG.

  Next, in the transaction correction unit 35, the network processing CPU time allocated to each process created by the network processing apportioning unit 34 with respect to the CPU time in the general transaction profile created by the transaction profile generating unit 31. Add the results and create a transaction profile that includes CPU usage by network processing. FIG. 8 shows the CPU time in the transaction profile created using FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 as input.

  As described above, according to the transaction profile creation apparatus 10 of the present invention, an accurate transaction profile is also created in which CPU time used for network transmission and reception processing that is normally executed in an interrupt context is also counted. Is possible.

  The configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the transaction profile creation method and apparatus according to the present invention have been described in detail above. However, it should be noted that such examples are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention in any way. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that various modifications and changes can be made according to a specific application without departing from the spirit and spirit of the present invention. In this specification, a server is a broad concept that means the entire information processing apparatus such as a computer or a workstation.

  According to the present invention, the present invention can be applied to an application such as a program for obtaining a transaction profile of a transaction processing program with a lot of network processing from event trace data with high accuracy.

It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the preferred Example of the transaction profile creation apparatus by this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the event trace acquired from the measuring object server in FIG. It is a figure which shows the transaction profile (CPU time which does not include network processing ) for every process based on the event trace shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the specific example of the relative cost defined for every operation in FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram in which the relative cost shown in FIG. 4 is added to the event trace data shown in FIG. 2. It is a figure which shows the relative cost total for every process in the event trace shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the network processing CPU time allocated to each process. It is explanatory drawing of the total CPU time including the network processing in a transaction profile.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Transaction profile process part 20 Measurement object server 23 Measurement probe 30 Transaction profile process part 31 Transaction profile generation part 32 Network process profile generation part 33 Network operation totaling part 34 Network process profile apportioning part 35 Transaction profile correction part 36 Relative cost table 40 Event trace data 50 Transaction profile

Claims (4)

In a transaction profile creation method for creating a transaction profile (CPU time) which is basic performance data of a measurement target server connected to a network,
From the measurement target server ,
Process switching events,
Events related to network transmission operations performed by the process;
Events related to network receive operations performed by the process;
A start event of interrupt processing caused by the network;
End event of interrupt processing due to the network,
A transmission data size of an event related to the network transmission operation;
A first step of collecting event trace data including a received data size of an event related to the network receiving operation ;
Included in the event trace data
The process switching event;
A start event of interrupt processing caused by the network;
From the end event of the interrupt processing due to the network ,
A second step of calculating a total CPU time not including the interrupt processing time for each process;
Included in the event trace data
An event related to the network transmission operation;
An event related to the network reception operation;
A transmission data size of an event related to the network transmission operation;
A third step of obtaining a relative cost total for each process according to a relative cost predetermined for each operation of the network operation from the received data size of the event related to the network reception operation ;
Included in the event trace data
A start event of interrupt processing caused by the network;
A fourth step of obtaining a sum of all interrupt processing times of the event trace data obtained from the end event of the interrupt processing caused by the network as a sum of network processing CPU times ;
The sum of the relative cost totals for each process obtained in the third step is obtained, and the ratio of the total relative cost of each process to the obtained sum is calculated as the sum of the network processing CPU times obtained in the fourth step. A fifth step of multiplying and summing the total network processing CPU time for each process ;
6 to obtain the the CPU time total for each of the process obtained in the second step, by adding the sum of the network processing CPU time proportional division by the fifth step, the final transaction profile for each of the process A method for creating a transaction profile comprising the steps of: The transaction profile creation method according to claim 1, wherein the relative cost of each operation is determined according to a data size of each operation of the network operation. In a transaction profile creation device that creates a transaction profile (CPU time) that is basic performance data of a measurement target server that is connected to a network.
Collected from the measurement target server via a measurement probe
Process switching events,
Events related to network transmission operations performed by the process;
Events related to network receive operations performed by the process;
A start event of interrupt processing caused by the network;
End event of interrupt processing due to the network,
A transmission data size of an event related to the network transmission operation;
A transaction profile processing unit that receives as input event trace data including an event reception data size related to the network reception operation ;
The transaction profile processing unit
Included in the event trace data
A start event of interrupt processing caused by the network;
A network processing profile generation unit for obtaining a total of network processing CPU time used in the network processing executed in the interrupt context , from an interruption processing end event caused by the network ;
Included in the event trace data
An event related to the network transmission operation;
An event related to the network reception operation;
A transmission data size of an event related to the network transmission operation;
From the received data size of the event related to the network reception operation , using a predetermined relative cost for each operation of the network operation and a predetermined calculation formula, a network operation totaling unit for obtaining a total relative cost for each process,
The total sum of relative costs for each process is obtained, and the ratio of the total relative cost of each process to the obtained sum is multiplied by the sum of the network processing CPU times obtained by the network processing profile unit to obtain the respective processes. A network processing profile apportioning unit for obtaining a network processing CPU time to apportion,
Included in the event trace data
The process switching event;
A start event of interrupt processing caused by the network;
From the end event of the interrupt processing due to the network,
And transaction profile generator for determining the CPU time in the transaction profile for each of the process,
The final transaction plus network processing C PU time apportioned to each of the process which has been determined by the the CPU time in the transaction profile for each of the process found by the transaction profile generator network processing profile proration unit A transaction profile creation device comprising a transaction profile correction unit for obtaining a profile. The transaction profile creation device according to claim 3, wherein the network operation aggregation unit refers to a relative cost table obtained based on the event trace data.

Images