JP4544183B2 - Electronic keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic keyboard instrument that can adjust a tone signal after filtering while referring to a frequency characteristic of a filter or tone signal displayed on a predetermined display.

Conventionally, in an electronic keyboard instrument (so-called synthesizer, etc.) having a keyboard composed of a plurality of keys, it is possible to finish the musical sound output by the operator (player) to a desired sound. In order to make it easy for the operator to appropriately set various parameters, a panel display is provided that can display information corresponding to the various parameters to be set in an appropriate display mode. Information displayed on the panel display includes, for example, information display by graphs such as filter frequency characteristics display and musical sound signal frequency characteristics display, in addition to information display by letters and numbers such as parameter display regarding timbre and effect. is there. This is because the filter of the filter displayed on the panel display is displayed when the operator has a so-called equalizer function that can perform the filter processing that converts the frequency characteristics of the input musical sound signal and output the result. Parameters related to filter control for frequency characteristic conversion such as center frequency, gain or Q value (referred to as graph characteristics such as frequency characteristics and frequency characteristics of musical sound signals before and / or after filtering) (For convenience, this parameter is referred to as a filter control parameter) so that it can be appropriately set using an actual operation element provided in advance on the main body panel or a pseudo operation element displayed on the panel display. It is. As an apparatus capable of converting the frequency characteristics of a musical sound signal to be output by appropriately operating an operator while referring to the filter and the frequency characteristic display of the musical sound signal displayed on such a panel display, for example, There exists an equalizer etc. which are indicated in patent documents 1 shown.
JP2003-273677

  As described above, in the conventional apparatus (equalizer or the like), the frequency characteristics of the filter and the tone signal are displayed on the panel display by a graph display having a frequency axis. In addition, a dedicated operator for setting filter control parameters is assigned to each filter that converts the frequency characteristics of the musical sound signal. Therefore, the operator cannot obtain a desired musical tone signal unless he / she correctly selects and operates an operator assigned to a filter to be controlled from among many operators. However, since it is unfamiliar to control the tone signal based on the frequency characteristic display obtained by frequency analysis (spectrum analysis) of the tone signal, especially beginners prefer the tone to be output by operating which operator. There is a problem that it is difficult to understand whether the sound can be finished, and it is difficult to quickly perform the setting operation for adjusting the sound quality.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and when displaying frequency characteristics such as a filter and a musical tone signal, the frequency axis is displayed so as to be opposed to a large number of keys constituting the keyboard. It is intended to provide electronic keyboard instruments.

An electronic keyboard instrument according to claim 1 of the present invention is assigned to a keyboard composed of a plurality of keys, each of which is used for selecting a pitch of a musical tone, and to the operated key in accordance with the operation of each key. An electronic keyboard instrument comprising means for instructing generation of a musical tone having a pitch that is arranged close to or superimposed on the keyboard and close to or superimposed on each key on the keyboard, respectively to a display means having a display area relative to the respective keys, and the tone signal acquiring means for acquiring a tone signal, and analyzes the frequency characteristic of the acquired tone signals, the frequency of the pitch assigned to each key and frequency characteristic calculating means for calculating characteristic values, respectively, in the respective characteristic values the calculated corresponding prior to display respective opposite the display area on the key pitch is assigned frequency Obtaining ingredients and display control means for controlling the display means.

According to the present invention, it is arranged so as to be close to or overlapped with a keyboard composed of a plurality of keys, and has a display area corresponding to each key that is close to or superimposed on each key on the keyboard. Oite on the display means, a characteristic value of the calculated analyzing the frequency characteristics of the acquisition musical tone signal frequency of respective keys assigned pitch, the key pitch is assigned the corresponding frequency relative Displayed in the display area . That is, in the display means having a display area over the entire keyboard , the display area is positioned at a position corresponding to each key constituting the keyboard according to the arrangement mode , and each of the display areas corresponding to each key is displayed. Is displayed with the characteristic value of the tone signal corresponding to the pitch frequency of the key. According to this, even if the operator does not know the exact frequency, it is displayed in each display area on the display means having a display area that is close to or superimposed on each key on the keyboard and that is opposed to each key . with reference to the characteristic values of the analyzed frequency characteristic calculated tone signal of a tone signal, intuitive operations such as operating a key corresponding to the display from the keys familiar there pitch is assigned in advance likely to, it can be easily finished to output musical tone to the sound preferences.

An electronic keyboard instrument according to claim 2 of the present invention is assigned to a keyboard composed of a plurality of keys, each of which is used for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, and to the operated key according to the operation of each key. An electronic keyboard instrument comprising means for instructing generation of a musical tone having a pitch that is arranged close to or superimposed on the keyboard and close to or superimposed on each key on the keyboard, respectively to a display means having a display area relative to the respective keys, and filter means for performing filtering processing for converting the frequency characteristic of the tone signal, the frequency characteristic in the frequency of each key assigned pitch of said filter means a frequency characteristic obtaining means for obtaining filter characteristics respectively representing the, each filter characteristic value representing the frequency characteristic of the obtained filter unit, pitch of the corresponding frequency split Obtaining ingredients and display control means for controlling said display means to display to each of the keys are applied to opposite the display region. According to this, the operator can display each frequency characteristic of the filter means displayed in each display area in the display means having a display area facing each key close to or overlapping each key on the keyboard. It becomes easy to operate the key corresponding to the display while referring to the filter characteristic value, and the filter characteristic of the corresponding filter can be easily controlled.

An electronic keyboard musical instrument according to claim 3 of the present invention is assigned to a keyboard composed of a plurality of keys, each of which is used for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, and to the operated key according to the operation of each key. An electronic keyboard instrument comprising means for instructing generation of a musical tone having a pitch that is arranged close to or superimposed on the keyboard and close to or superimposed on each key on the keyboard, respectively to a display means having a display area relative to the respective keys, and the tone signal acquiring means for acquiring a tone signal, a filter means for performing filtering processing for converting the frequency characteristic of the acquired tone signals, said filter means a frequency characteristic obtaining means for obtaining the filter characteristic value representing the frequency characteristics in the frequency of each key assigned pitch, respectively, prior to filtering by the filter means Analyzes the frequency characteristics of the musical tone signal after the / and filtering, and frequency characteristic calculating means for calculating the characteristic values in the frequency of the respective keys assigned pitch, respectively, the frequency characteristics of the obtained filter means Display control means for controlling the display means to display each filter characteristic value to be expressed and each characteristic value of the calculated musical tone signal in the display area corresponding to the key to which the pitch of the corresponding frequency is assigned ; obtain the ingredients. According to this, the operator can display each frequency characteristic of the filter means displayed in each display area in the display means having a display area facing each key close to or overlapping each key on the keyboard. While analyzing the filter characteristic value and the frequency characteristic of the tone signal, and referring to the calculated characteristic value of the tone signal, an intuitive operation such as operating the key corresponding to the display becomes easy, and the filter characteristic is controlled. It is easy to finish the output musical sound to your favorite sound.

  According to the present invention, the frequency is associated with the pitches assigned in advance for each of a number of keys constituting the keyboard, and the frequency characteristics of the musical sound signal and / or the frequency characteristics of the filter means are displayed. There is an effect that the musical tone to be output can be finished to a desired sound only by appropriately operating a key relative to the display while referring to the display of the frequency characteristic.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a hardware configuration block diagram showing the overall configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention. The electronic keyboard instrument shown in this embodiment is controlled by a microcomputer comprising a microprocessor unit (CPU) 1, a read only memory (ROM) 2, and a random access memory (RAM) 3. The CPU 1 controls the operation of the entire electronic keyboard instrument. For this CPU 1, ROM 2, RAM 3, detection circuits 4, 6, display circuits 5, 7, audio input interface (I / F) 8, sound source circuit 9, effect circuit 10, external storage via data and address bus 1D A device 12, a MIDI interface (I / F) 13 and a communication interface (I / F) 14 are connected to each other. Further, the CPU 1 is connected to a timer 1A for measuring the interrupt time and various times in the timer interrupt process (interrupt process). For example, the timer 1A generates a clock pulse, and gives the generated clock pulse to the CPU 1 as a processing timing command or to the CPU 1 as an interrupt command. The CPU 1 executes various processes according to these instructions.

  The ROM 2 stores various programs executed by the CPU 1 and various data. The RAM 3 is used as a working memory that temporarily stores various data generated when the CPU 1 executes a predetermined program, or as a memory that stores a currently executed program and related data. A predetermined address area of the RAM 3 is assigned to each function and used as a register, flag, table, memory, or the like. The keyboard 4A is a performance operator having a plurality of keys for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, and has a key switch corresponding to each key. The keyboard 4A is a manual (hand-playing) performed by the performer. Of course, it can be used for performance, and can also be used as a setting means for setting various parameters such as performance parameters such as timbre and effect used in the electronic keyboard instrument and parameters for filter control. In particular, in the present invention, when the equalizer function is on, the operator presses any key constituting the keyboard 4A while referring to the frequency characteristics desired by the operator displayed on the keyboard display 5A. Filter control parameters (for example, the center frequency, gain, and Q value of each filter) can be set intuitively (details will be described later). The detection circuit 4 generates a detection output by detecting the pressing and release of each key on the keyboard 4A.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, which will be described later, the keyboard display 5A is disposed on the main body panel in the upper part of the keyboard 4A (here, the portion corresponding to the root of the keyboard 4A) so as to be close to the keyboard 4A. For example, a plurality of LED groups (display bodies) consisting of an LCD (liquid crystal) display composed of, for example, a single large panel or a plurality of display elements (for example, LEDs) arranged in a line in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction of the key. This is a dot matrix type display such as an LED display. The display area of the keyboard display 5A is relative to each of a plurality of white keys and black keys constituting the keyboard 4A. Of course, the keyboard display 5A is not limited to the one configured on the main body panel as described above. For example, an LCD display or an LED display is arranged inside a key formed of a translucent member. The frequency characteristics and the like displayed on the display or LED display may be configured to appear on the surface of the keyboard 4A through each key (see FIG. 2B described later). Alternatively, a thin display made of liquid crystal or organic EL may be embedded as a keyboard display 5A on the surface of each key. When the keyboard 4A and the keyboard display 5A are arranged so as to overlap with each other, the white key portion may be displayed on the black key portion as well as the black key portion. You may comprise so that it may not be displayed on a key part.

  Panel controls (switches, etc.) 6A are arranged on the panel body, for example, a parameter setting switch for setting performance parameters, an equalizer switch for turning on / off the equalizer function, and a characteristic display switch for designating an object for displaying frequency characteristics These are switch-type, rotary or slider-type controls such as switches for setting filter control parameters. Examples of the switch for setting the filter control parameter include a frequency setting switch for setting the cutoff frequency and center frequency of the filter, a gain setting switch for setting the gain in the pass band of the filter, and a Q value for setting the Q value of the filter. There are setting switches. Of course, as the panel operator 6A, in addition to the switches described above, a numeric keypad for inputting numeric data, a keyboard for inputting character data, or a panel display used for selecting, setting, and controlling pitches, tones, effects, etc. Various operators such as a mouse used for operating a predetermined pointing device displayed on 7A may be included. The detection circuit 6 detects the operation state of each switch and outputs switch information corresponding to the operation state to the CPU 1 via the data and address bus 1D. The display circuit 7 is connected to a known panel display 7A composed of, for example, a liquid crystal (LCD) display panel, a CRT, or the like, with performance parameters and types and setting states, filter control parameter types and setting states, or the control state of the CPU 1. Etc. are displayed. By referring to the various information displayed on the panel display 7A, the performer can easily set various performance parameters used during manual performance, filter control parameters when the equalizer function is on, and the like. Can be done.

  The audio input interface (I / F) 8 includes an analog / digital converter (not shown), and is appropriately input from an external audio device 8A that is configured separately from the electronic keyboard instrument and can independently generate a musical sound signal. The analog tone signal is converted into a digital signal, and the digital signal is output to the effect circuit 10 having the equalizer function. That is, any device that can input a musical sound signal to the electronic keyboard instrument may be used. For example, a sound input device such as a microphone may be used. The tone generator circuit 9 can simultaneously generate musical sound signals on a plurality of channels, and is generated in response to the operation of the keyboard 4A by the performer given via the data and address bus 1D, or for automatic performance. Various performance information generated in response to the reproduction of the performance data is input, and a musical tone signal is generated based on the performance information. The musical tone signal generated from the sound source circuit 9 is effected, sound quality or sound field converted via the effect circuit 10 and is generated from the sound system 11 including an amplifier and a speaker.

  The effect circuit 10 includes a filter that realizes frequency characteristic conversion. In this embodiment, a musical sound signal such as digital audio data or audio data is received from the sound source circuit 9 or the audio input interface 8, and the inputted musical sound signal is received. Is provided with a known equalizer function for converting and outputting the frequency characteristics by applying filter processing to each filter. When the equalizer function is on, not only the frequency characteristic of each filter but also the musical sound signal can be analyzed and the frequency characteristic of the musical sound signal as the analysis result can be displayed on the keyboard display 5A. The analysis and display of this frequency characteristic can be performed by selecting either a musical sound signal (input signal) before filtering or a musical sound signal (output signal) after filtering (refer to FIG. 3 described later in detail). . In addition, such an equalizer function can be configured by dedicated hardware (filter), but is not necessarily configured by hardware, but software that performs processing for converting the frequency characteristics as described above that operates on the CPU 1. It can also be realized by executing a program. The sound source circuit 9, the effect circuit 10, and the sound system 11 may have any conventional structure. For example, the tone generator circuit 9 may employ any of various tone synthesis methods such as FM, PCM, physical model, formant synthesis, etc., or may be constituted by dedicated hardware, or by software processing by the CPU 1. May be.

  The external storage device 12 stores various data such as performance data for automatic performance, data related to control such as various control programs executed by the CPU 1, and the like. If the control program is not stored in the ROM 2 described above, the control program is stored in the external storage device 12 (for example, a hard disk) and read into the RAM 3 to store the control program in the ROM 2. It is possible to cause the CPU 1 to perform the same operation as when In this way, control programs can be easily added and upgraded. The external storage device 12 is not limited to a hard disk (HD), but a flexible disk (FD), a compact disk (CD-ROM / CD-RAM), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), etc. Any storage device may be used as long as the storage device uses various external storage media. Alternatively, it may be a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory.

  The MIDI interface (I / F) 13 inputs performance data in MIDI format (MIDI data) from another externally connected MIDI device 13A or the like to the electronic keyboard instrument, or performs performance in MIDI format from the electronic keyboard instrument. This is an interface for outputting data (MIDI data) to another MIDI device 13A or the like. The other MIDI device 13A may be any device that generates MIDI data in response to an operation by the performer, and includes any type of operation device such as a keyboard type, a stringed instrument type, a wind instrument type, a percussion instrument type, and a body-mounted type. It may be a device (or an operation form). Note that the MIDI interface 13 is not limited to a dedicated MIDI interface, and the MIDI interface 13 is configured using a general-purpose interface such as RS-232C, USB (Universal Serial Bus), IEEE1394 (I-Triple 1394). You may make it do. In this case, data other than MIDI event data may be transmitted and received simultaneously. When a general-purpose interface as described above is used as the MIDI interface 13, the other MIDI device 13A may be able to transmit and receive data other than MIDI event data. Of course, the data format of the performance data is not limited to the data in the MIDI format, and may be in another format. In this case, the MIDI interface 13 and the other MIDI device 13A are configured accordingly.

  The communication interface (I / F) 14 is connected to a wired or wireless communication network X such as a LAN, the Internet, or a telephone line, and is connected to the server computer 14A via the communication network X, and the server computer 14A. This is an interface for taking control programs or various data from the electronic keyboard instrument side. That is, when the control program and various data are not stored in the ROM 2 or the external storage device 12 (for example, hard disk), it is used for downloading the control program and various data from the server computer 14A. Such a communication interface 14 may be both wired and wireless and may include both.

  The above-described electronic keyboard musical instrument is not limited to one having the keyboard 4A, the panel display 7A, or the tone generator circuit 9 incorporated in one apparatus body, but each is configured separately, and has communication means such as a MIDI interface and various networks. Needless to say, the apparatus may be configured to be connected to each other. Further, the present invention is not limited to the form of an electronic keyboard instrument, and any form of apparatus such as a personal computer, a karaoke apparatus, a game apparatus, a portable communication terminal such as a mobile phone or a PDA, etc., as long as it has a keyboard. -You may apply to equipment. Further, the present invention is not limited to an electronic keyboard instrument that electronically generates musical sounds, and may be applied to a mechanical piano having a stringing mechanism. In such a case, sound generated mechanically may be collected by a microphone or the like, and the collected sound may be subjected to filter processing to convert frequency characteristics. What is connected to a communication network, such as a portable communication terminal, does not need to be fully functional with only the terminal, and is suitable for receiving a musical sound signal from a server computer by downloading or streaming playback.

  Here, a specific display example of the frequency characteristic display displayed on the keyboard display 5A will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an embodiment of frequency characteristic display by the keyboard display 5A. FIG. 2A shows an embodiment of frequency characteristic display when a keyboard indicator 5A is provided on the main body panel above the keyboard 4A. FIG. 2B shows the keyboard 4A and the keyboard indicator. 5A shows an embodiment of frequency characteristic display when 5A is placed in an overlapping manner.

  The keyboard display 5A is configured to have a size having a display area that can cover at least all the keys of the keyboard 4A in the longitudinal direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2), and the frequency characteristic F2 of the filter (dotted line in the figure). Or the frequency characteristic F1 of the input tone signal before the filtering process or the output tone signal after the filtering process can be displayed. In the frequency characteristics displayed on the keyboard display 5A as shown in FIG. 2, the vertical axis represents sound intensity (db: decibel) such as power value and gain, and the horizontal axis represents frequency (Hz: hertz). Represents. With respect to the display of such frequency characteristics, the frequency characteristics F2 of an arbitrary filter among a plurality of filters can be displayed at any time according to the operation of the keyboard 4A, and at the same time, depending on the operation of the characteristic conversion switch or the like. It is possible to arbitrarily display the frequency characteristic F1 of the musical sound signal of either input or output while switching appropriately. Each of these frequency characteristics is displayed on the same frequency axis, and this frequency axis is at a pitch pre-assigned to the keyboard 4A (here, A4 (pitch name) = 440 Hz as a reference). Together. Since the processing for displaying the frequency characteristic of the tone signal or the frequency characteristic of the filter on the keyboard display 5A with the frequency axis corresponding to each key will be described later, detailed description thereof will be omitted here (FIG. 4 described later). Or refer to FIG. Each time the operator depresses the key, the sound intensity, the center frequency, or the Q value of the corresponding frequency is changed and filtered, and the frequency characteristics being displayed on the keyboard display 5A accordingly. The display of is also updated.

Note that for any part (frequency) that does not cover any of the plurality of filters, that is, out of the range where the frequency characteristic cannot be converted by the filter processing, the frequency characteristic corresponding to that part is not displayed on the keyboard display 5A. May be. Alternatively, it may be displayed, but the display mode of the part is displayed so as to be different from the display of the part where the frequency characteristic can be converted, so as to indicate to the operator that it is outside the range that can be converted by the filter processing It is good to.
FIG. 2 shows an example of displaying the frequency characteristics of the input or output musical sound signal for one channel. However, when displaying the frequency characteristics of the musical sound signal composed of a plurality of channels, each channel is displayed. It is preferable to display the frequency characteristics. In this case, it is sufficient that the operator can arbitrarily select one or a plurality of channels to be displayed. When a plurality of channels are displayed at the same time, each channel is color-coded, for example. It is good to display so that a frequency characteristic can be distinguished.
The keyboard display 5A is not limited to displaying the power value, gain, etc. for each frequency, but may display phase characteristics and the like. Needless to say, other than frequency characteristics may be displayed.

  Next, each frequency in the frequency characteristic of the musical sound signal or the frequency characteristic of the filter is displayed on the keyboard display 5A in correspondence with each key, and the operator selects each key relative to the display as appropriate while referring to the display. The “equalizer main process” for realizing the equalizer function in which the characteristic change parameter of the corresponding filter is set based on the pressing of the button will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the “equalizer main process”. This process is a process that starts when the power of the electronic keyboard instrument body is turned on and is repeatedly executed until the power source of the body is turned off. The interval at which this process is repeated may be any interval as long as the operator does not feel a delay, such as an interval of 3 milliseconds.

  Step S1 performs initialization. The initialization here includes, for example, clearing performance parameters and characteristic conversion parameters set at the previous activation and resetting them to the default state. In step S2, the setting is changed according to the operation of the panel operator 6A. For example, settings for displaying the frequency analysis result of the original sound signal (input musical sound signal before filtering) as shown below, settings for displaying the frequency analysis result of the output sound signal (output musical sound signal after filtering), filter There is a setting for displaying the frequency characteristic of the filter, a setting for changing the frequency characteristic of the filter (that is, an equalizer function ON setting), and the like. In step S3, it is determined whether or not it is set to display the result of frequency analysis (spectrum analysis) of the original sound signal in accordance with the panel setting. If it is determined that the frequency analysis result of the original signal is set to be displayed (YES in step S3), “signal analysis result display processing” (see FIG. 4 to be described later) is performed to determine the frequency of the original sound signal. The analysis result (that is, frequency characteristics) is displayed on the keyboard display 5A (step S4). In step S5, it is determined whether or not it is set to display the frequency analysis result of the output sound signal in accordance with the panel setting. If it is determined that the frequency analysis result of the output sound signal is set to be displayed (YES in step S5), “signal analysis result display processing” (see FIG. 4 described later) is performed, and the output sound signal is displayed. The frequency analysis result is displayed on the keyboard display 5A (step S6).

  In step S7, it is determined whether or not it is set to display the frequency characteristic (filter characteristic) of the filter in accordance with the panel setting. If it is set to display the filter characteristic (YES in step S7), "filter characteristic display processing" (see FIG. 5 described later) is performed, and the frequency characteristic of the filter is displayed on the keyboard display 5A (step S7). S8). In this embodiment, since the processing is repeatedly performed, the frequency characteristics of the filter are periodically displayed. Therefore, the frequency characteristics of the filter that fluctuate with time by the control of the LFO, EG, and the like are also displayed in real time. become. However, in the case of a filter whose frequency characteristics do not fluctuate over time, the “filter characteristic display process” is executed only when an instruction operation for changing the frequency characteristics of the filter (key pressing operation shown below) is performed. The display should be updated only for the corresponding filter. In step S9, it is determined whether any of a number of keys constituting the keyboard 4A has been pressed. If it is determined that no key is pressed (NO in step S9), the process returns to step S2. If it is determined that one of the keys has been pressed (YES in step S9), it is determined whether or not the setting is such that the filter characteristics are changed according to the key pressed (step S10). If it is determined that the equalizer function is set to ON (YES in step S10), “filter characteristic change processing” (FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 described later) is performed to change the filter characteristic (step S11). On the other hand, when it is determined that the equalizer function is not set to ON (NO in step S10), a process of generating a musical tone having a pitch that has been assigned in advance to the pressed key is performed (step S12). The processes from step S2 to step S12 described above are repeated until the power of the electronic keyboard instrument is turned off.

  Next, the “signal frequency analysis result display process” (see step S4 or step S6 in FIG. 3) executed in the “equalizer main process” described above will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of “signal frequency analysis result display processing”.

  In step S21, when the analysis result of the original sound signal is displayed from the effect circuit 10 including the filter (see step S4 in FIG. 3), the musical sound signal before the filtering process is displayed, and the analysis result of the output sound signal is displayed. In step S6 of FIG. 3, the filtered tone signal is acquired as a signal to be subjected to frequency analysis. Specifically, the sampled digital data (musical sound signal) is acquired at predetermined timings according to the number of points (for example, 4096 points) used in the subsequent FFT processing (fast Fourier transform processing). In step S22, the acquired tone signal is subjected to FFT processing. At this time, a window may be appropriately set. In step S23, points to be subjected to display processing in order from the end of the keyboard display 5A (referred to as display processing points) are determined.

ここで、上記数１内の「Ｙ」式は、以下のように示される。

上記数１及び数２において、ピクセル番号は、鍵盤表示器５Ａの長手方向（図２の左右方向）全体に渡って最低限の表示可能領域（これをピクセルと呼ぶ）毎に付加されている固有の番号であり、ここでは上記ステップＳ２３で決められた表示処理点に該当するピクセル番号である。鍵内表示分解能は、１つの鍵の幅に対応する表示領域に対していくつのピクセルが割り当てられているかを示すものであり、例えば白鍵１つに100ピクセルなどが割り当てられる。オクターブ内の白鍵数は１オクターブ内にいくつの白鍵が割り当てられているかを示すものであり、例えばピアノの場合「７」となる。トランスポーズ値はＡ４鍵を中心とした場合にトランスポーズする大きさを示すものであり、例えば「…、−３、−２、−１、０、＋１、＋２、＋３…」等である。また、数１に示す「440.0」は、基準としたＡ４鍵に割り当てられている音名「Ａ４」の音高（周波数）である。Ａ４鍵中心ピクセル番号は、基準のＡ４鍵の幅の中心位置に対応する鍵盤表示器５Ａ上の位置を前記ピクセル番号で示すものである。 In step S24, the frequency to be assigned to each of the determined display processing points is calculated based on, for example, the following equations 1 and 2, taking into account the setting of transposition (transposition).

Here, the expression “Y” in the above equation 1 is expressed as follows.

In the above formulas 1 and 2, the pixel number is added to each minimum displayable area (this is called a pixel) over the entire longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 2) of the keyboard display 5A. Here, the pixel number corresponds to the display processing point determined in step S23. The in-key display resolution indicates how many pixels are assigned to the display area corresponding to one key width. For example, 100 pixels are assigned to one white key. The number of white keys in an octave indicates how many white keys are allocated in one octave, and is “7” in the case of a piano, for example. The transpose value indicates the size of transposition when the A4 key is the center, for example, “..., −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3. “440.0” shown in Equation 1 is the pitch (frequency) of the pitch name “A4” assigned to the reference A4 key. The A4 key center pixel number indicates the position on the keyboard display 5A corresponding to the center position of the width of the reference A4 key by the pixel number.

  In step S25, a power value corresponding to each frequency obtained in step S24 is obtained from the FFT processing result in accordance with step S22. In step S26, display is performed according to the obtained power value. Here, the higher the power value, the more the display is performed in the direction of the electronic keyboard instrument as viewed from the performer, and the lower the power value, the display is performed in the direction toward the front of the electronic keyboard instrument. The keyboard display 5A as a whole can be displayed as a bar graph or a line graph. In step S27, it is determined whether or not each process has been performed for each pixel in the longitudinal direction over the entire keyboard 4A from one end to the other end of the keyboard display 5A. When it is determined that the above processes are not repeatedly executed over the entire keyboard 4A (NO in step S27), the process returns to step S23 and the processes from step S23 to step S27 are repeatedly executed. If it is determined that the above process has been repeatedly executed over the entire keyboard 4A (YES in step S27), the process ends. By repeating the processing of step S23 to step S27 in this way, the musical tone signal as shown in FIG. 2 is made to correspond to the pitch (frequency) assigned to each key constituting the keyboard 4A in the keyboard display 5A. The frequency characteristic F1 is sequentially displayed for each pixel in the longitudinal direction from one end of the keyboard display 5A to the other end.

  Next, the “filter characteristic display process” (see step S8 in FIG. 3) executed in the “equalizer main process” described above will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of “filter characteristic display processing”.

  In step S31, the filter control parameters of the respective filters included therein are obtained from the effect circuit 10, and a transfer function is obtained. For example, if the filter is an IIR filter, the filter control parameter includes a combination of filter configurations (configuration method) such as a direct type, a standard type, and a parallel type, and a multiplier coefficient. Of course, the filter may be an FIR filter. In step S32, display processing points to be processed in order from the end of the keyboard display 5A are determined. In step S33, taking into account the setting of transpose, the frequency to be assigned to the determined display processing point is obtained based on the above-described equations 1 and 2. In step S34, the gain at each frequency obtained in step S33 is obtained from the transfer function obtained in step S31. In step S35, display is performed according to the obtained gain. Here, the higher the gain is, the more the display is made in the direction of the electronic keyboard instrument as viewed from the player, and the lower the gain is, the display is made in the direction toward the front of the electronic keyboard instrument. The display 5A as a whole can be displayed as a bar graph or a line graph. In step S36, it is determined whether or not each process has been performed for each pixel in the longitudinal direction over the entire keyboard 4A from one end to the other end of the keyboard display 5A. If it is determined that the above processes are not repeatedly executed over the entire keyboard 4A (NO in step S36), the process returns to step S32 and the processes from step S32 to step S36 are repeatedly executed. If it is determined that the above processes have been repeatedly executed over the entire keyboard 4A (YES in step S36), the process is terminated. By repeating the processing of steps S32 to S36, the keyboard display 5A is made to correspond to the pitch (frequency) assigned to each key constituting the keyboard 4A, and the frequency of the filter as shown in FIG. The characteristic F2 is sequentially displayed from one end of the keyboard display 5A.

  Next, the “filter characteristic changing process” (see step S4 or step S6 in FIG. 3) executed in the “equalizer main process” described above will be described. However, here, as the equalizer function that performs the filter processing that converts the frequency characteristic of the input musical sound signal and outputs the result, it is divided into two parametric equalizers or graphic equalizers, which are applied to each equalizer “Change filter characteristics” Each process will be described. Here, as is conventionally known, a parametric equalizer is provided with a plurality of variable filters, and filter processing is performed by adjusting the center frequency, gain (gain), Q value, etc. for each filter. can do. On the other hand, the graphic equalizer divides the sound range in advance to set a plurality of frequency bands, and a filter is provided for each frequency band. Filter processing is performed by adjusting only the gain for each filter. can do. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the “filter characteristic changing process” applied to the case of the parametric equalizer. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the “filter characteristic changing process” applied to the graphic equalizer.

ここで、上記数３において、ノート番号は押鍵された鍵に予め割り当てられている固有の番号（詳しくはMIDIのノート情報）であって、従来知られているように「Ｃ４」鍵に割り当てられた「６０」を基準として半音単位に数字が割り当てられている。このことからすると、この実施例において基準とされている「Ａ４」鍵のノート番号（数３の「Ａ４のノート番号」）は「６９」固定である。 As shown in FIG. 6, in the case of the parametric equalizer, first, the frequency of the presence filter is obtained from the key position where the key is pressed based on, for example, the following equation (3) (step S41).

Here, in the above formula 3, the note number is a unique number (specifically, MIDI note information) pre-assigned to the pressed key, and is assigned to the “C4” key as conventionally known. A number is assigned to each semitone with reference to “60”. From this, the note number of the “A4” key that is the reference in this embodiment (“note number of A4” in Equation 3) is fixed at “69”.

  In step S42, a gain value is obtained from the velocity value. Of course, when the gain value is obtained, not only the velocity value but also other values that can be obtained according to the key operation may be used. For example, the gain value may be obtained using the time from note-on to note-off, the maximum value of aftertouch while the key is depressed, or the frequency of key depression per time. In step S43, a transfer function is obtained using the obtained frequency and gain value. Step S44 converts the parameter into a filter control parameter for controlling the IIR filter. In step S45, the obtained gain value is used as a power value so that the obtained frequency is set as a center frequency, and the filter control parameter corresponding to each filter included in the effect circuit 10 is changed. In the effect circuit 10, each filter performs a filter process according to the changed filter control parameter to convert the frequency characteristic of the tone signal.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, in the case of the graphic equalizer, as in the case of the parametric equalizer, first, the frequency of the presence filter is obtained from the key position pressed based on the above-described equation 3 (step S51). . In step S52, a filter having a center frequency closest to the obtained frequency is searched for. In step S53, a gain value is obtained from the velocity value. In step S54, a parameter related to the gain of the corresponding filter among the parameters of the filter included in the effect circuit 10 is changed to the obtained gain value. In the effect circuit 10, each filter performs a filter process according to the filter control parameter related to the changed gain to convert the frequency characteristic of the musical sound signal.

  In this case, for example, in the case of a parametric equalizer, the frequency at which a point (peak) F having the highest sound intensity appears in the frequency characteristic F1 of the musical sound signal as shown in FIG. For example, when the operator presses the “E4” key that is three adjacent to the left from the “A4” key that is opposite to the original peak F, the frequency characteristic F2 of the filter indicated by the dotted line in the figure is displayed. The filter control parameters of the corresponding filter are set so that the frequency characteristic F2 ′ indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is set, and the filter processing is performed based on the set filter control parameter, so that The frequency characteristic F1 of the tone signal having the peak F ′ moved to the position can be obtained. At this time, the size of the peak F ′ can be freely set by pressing the “E4” key quickly or slowly. In this way, the operator can obtain a desired musical sound signal simply by operating the key sensibly without knowing which filter is to be changed.

As described above, when the frequency characteristics are displayed, the frequency axis display is displayed on the keyboard display 5A along the arrangement direction of the keys constituting the keyboard 4A. It is possible to set the filter control parameters of the corresponding filter simply by operating the key of the familiar pitch relative to the axis display, thereby obtaining a desired musical tone signal. In other words, the operator is accustomed to the conventional technique even if he / she does not know the exact frequency of the pitch assigned to each key while referring to the frequency characteristics of the filter and musical tone signal displayed on the keyboard display 5A. Based on the pitch, the musical tone signal after the filter processing can be obtained while being adjusted sensuously by an easy operation.
Further, according to the frequency characteristic display described above, when the performer performs a manual performance, the frequency characteristic of the tone signal generated in response to the operation of the keyboard 4A by the performer is displayed while being appropriately updated. The performer can enjoy playing while watching the display with changes.

The original sound signal to be subjected to frequency analysis and displaying its frequency characteristics is not limited to a musical sound signal generated by the tone generator circuit 9 by reproducing performance data for automatic performance, but is supplied from an external audio device 8A. It may be a musical tone signal. Further, the filter characteristic change and the tone generation process may be performed simultaneously in response to the key press by the operator, and the tone signal generated by the tone generator circuit 9 by the tone generation process may be used as the original tone signal.
In the above-mentioned “signal frequency analysis result display processing” (see FIG. 4), the frequency analysis technique is shown as executing FFT processing, but is not limited to this, and other examples such as DFT, phase vocoder, wavelet, etc. A frequency analysis technique may be used.
Note that the method of displaying the frequency axis to be displayed in association with each of a large number of keys constituting the keyboard 4A when displaying the frequency characteristics of the filter and the musical sound signal is the “signal frequency analysis result display process” described above. (See FIG. 4) and “filter characteristic display processing” (see FIG. 5), any known method may be used.

As shown in FIG. 2 (a), when the keyboard display 5A is arranged at a position close to the keyboard, the keyboard display 5A is configured with a touch panel, and the filter displayed on the keyboard display 5A. The frequency characteristics and the like may be changed by screen operation.
Two keyboard indicators 5A are prepared, one on the main body panel above the keyboard 4A and the other on the keyboard 4A. The keyboard indicators 5A are arranged on each keyboard indicator 5A. The frequency characteristic of the input music signal and the frequency characteristic of the output music signal may be displayed separately.
In addition to the frequency characteristics, a pseudo keyboard display may be displayed on the keyboard display 5A. In such a case, even if the keyboard display 5A having a display area over the entire actual keyboard 4A cannot be disposed on the panel body, the operator can easily take the correspondence between the keyboard 4A and the frequency characteristics and perform the filter. This is convenient because it allows easy parameter setting.

It is a hardware configuration block diagram showing the entire configuration of the electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an embodiment of frequency characteristic display by a keyboard display. FIG. 2A shows a case where a keyboard display is disposed on a main body panel at an upper part of the keyboard. Indicates a case where a keyboard and a keyboard display are arranged in an overlapping manner. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of an equalizer main process. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of the frequency analysis result display process of a signal. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of the display process of a filter characteristic. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of the "filter characteristic change process" applied in the case of a parametric equalizer. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of the "filter characteristic change process" applied in the case of a graphic equalizer.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4,6 ... detection circuit, 4A ... keyboard, 5,7 ... display circuit, 5A ... keyboard display, 6A ... panel operator, 7A ... panel display, 8 ... Audio input interface, 8A ... external audio device, 9 ... sound source circuit, 10 ... effect circuit, 11 ... sound system, 12 ... external storage device, 13 ... MIDI interface, 13A ... MIDI device, 14 ... communication interface, 14A ... server computer , X ... communication network, 1D ... communication bus (data and address bus)

Claims (4)

A keyboard composed of a plurality of keys , each used for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, and means for instructing the generation of a musical tone of a pitch assigned to the operated key according to the operation of each key; In an electronic keyboard instrument with
Are superposed in proximity to or the keyboard to the keyboard will be disposed proximate or superimposed to each key in the keyboard, and a display means having a display area relative to the respective keys,
A music signal acquisition means for acquiring a music signal;
Analyzing the frequency characteristics of the acquired musical sound signal, frequency characteristic calculating means for calculating the characteristic value at the frequency of the pitch assigned to each key ,
An electronic keyboard instrument comprising: display control means for controlling the display means so as to display each calculated characteristic value in the display area corresponding to the key to which the corresponding frequency pitch is assigned . A keyboard composed of a plurality of keys , each used for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, and means for instructing the generation of a musical tone of a pitch assigned to the operated key according to the operation of each key; In an electronic keyboard instrument with
Are superposed in proximity to or the keyboard to the keyboard will be disposed proximate or superimposed to each key in the keyboard, and a display means having a display area relative to the respective keys,
Filter means for performing filter processing for converting the frequency characteristics of the musical sound signal;
Frequency characteristic acquisition means for acquiring a filter characteristic value representing a frequency characteristic at a pitch frequency assigned to each key of the filter means;
Display control means for controlling the display means to display each filter characteristic value representing the frequency characteristics of the acquired filter means in the display area corresponding to the key to which the pitch of the corresponding frequency is assigned. An electronic keyboard instrument. A keyboard composed of a plurality of keys , each used for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, and means for instructing the generation of a musical tone of a pitch assigned to the operated key according to the operation of each key; In an electronic keyboard instrument with
Are superposed in proximity to or the keyboard to the keyboard will be disposed proximate or superimposed to each key in the keyboard, and a display means having a display area relative to the respective keys,
A music signal acquisition means for acquiring a music signal;
Filter means for performing filter processing for converting frequency characteristics of the acquired musical sound signal;
Frequency characteristic acquisition means for acquiring a filter characteristic value representing a frequency characteristic at a pitch frequency assigned to each key of the filter means;
Analyzing the frequency characteristics of the musical tone signal before and / or after the filtering by the filtering means, and calculating the characteristic values at the frequencies of the pitches assigned to the keys ;
Each filter characteristic value representing the obtained frequency characteristic of the filter means and each characteristic value of the calculated musical tone signal are displayed in the display area corresponding to the key to which a corresponding frequency pitch is assigned, respectively. An electronic keyboard instrument comprising display control means for controlling display means. Before SL filter means, based on the previously assigned pitch in the operation has been key, the relevant electronic according to claim 2 or 3 by changing the parameters of the filter and performing filtering process Keyboard instrument.

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