JP4545841B2 - Solidified porous health food - Google Patents
Solidified porous health food Download PDFInfo
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- JP4545841B2 JP4545841B2 JP06808099A JP6808099A JP4545841B2 JP 4545841 B2 JP4545841 B2 JP 4545841B2 JP 06808099 A JP06808099 A JP 06808099A JP 6808099 A JP6808099 A JP 6808099A JP 4545841 B2 JP4545841 B2 JP 4545841B2
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- konjac
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、新規凝固状多孔質健康食品、更に詳しくは吸水性を有する食品成分であって、殺菌処理又は加熱処理、例えば茹でたり、煮たり等殺菌効果を奏する程度の加熱処理を施したものと、こんにゃく粉から得られうるようなこんにゃく成分とを少なくとも含有し、これをこんにゃく成分等の作用によりゲル化せしめた新規凝固状多孔質健康食品に関する。尚、前記吸水性を有する食品成分には、例えばそれぞれ吸水性を有する、食品、食品成分、或いはそれ等の加工品等の吸水性を有する食品成分を含有するものが含まれるが、本発明においては、オカラ及び酒粕の何れかが選択される。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
こんにゃく製品(以下、簡単に「こんにゃく」と称することがある。)は、食物繊維が多く、しかも低カロリーであることから、自然な健康食品として注目されている。調理する場合、こんにゃくはおでん、すきやき等の鍋物や、田楽、煮物等に利用されているが、これ等のメニューを調理するときは、こんにゃく特有の臭いを除去するために、調理に工夫を要したり、また味のしみ込みをよくするために飾り包丁を入れたり、長時間煮込む必要がある。即ち、従来知られているこんにゃく製品には、強いゲルを有し、そのまま十分に煮込んでも味がしみ込み難いという問題、煮込み等調理に工夫を施さないと、そのまま簡単な味付け等では食し難いという問題が残されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来のこんにゃく製品は、こんにゃくが主成分ということで、味が殆ど無く、何れも類似した歯ごたえ、舌触りを有していた。また、着色しても、分解したり、溶け出したり、退色したりして、鮮やかな色を発色させることが困難であった等、個性的なこんにゃく製品を造り難いという問題があった。
【0004】
一方、こんにゃく成分については詳しく説明をするまでもなく、できるだけ美味しく食したいとの健康上又は美容上の要請が極めて大きい。
【0005】
最近、味がしみ込み易いこんにゃく製品を製造する方法として、大根、人参、山芋、さつまいも、じゃがいも、里芋等の野菜を生の状態ですりおろしたりして混合してなるこんにゃく製品が提案されている(特開平7−79713号公報参照。)が、従来のこんにゃく製品という範疇から改善されておらず、上記に求められるような効果が十分に得られていない。
【0006】
従って、こんにゃく成分を豊富に含むが、従来のこんにゃく製品とは異なり水分を一段と多く吸収できるような多孔質で美味しく戴ける食品が求められている。
【0007】
更に、健康上の要請からこんにゃく成分以外で使用する成分としては、農産物の中から選択する方が望ましい。例えば、穀類、特に繊維質を多く含む食品の摂取は健康上からも必要であるが、美味しく戴ける方法が少なく、特に多量に健康上求められる天然の食品素材を配合した形で摂取することが困難であった。従って、このような天然の農産物を豊富に含む健康食品の開発が、一方で望まれている。
【0008】
このような情況下に、食物繊維が多く、しかも低カロリーであることから、自然な健康食品として注目されているこんにゃく成分を多く含み多孔質で美味しく食することができ、かつ健康食品としてできるだけ多く食することが期待される食品、成分等を豊富に含む食品の開発が望まれている。
【0009】
本発明の目的は、食物繊維が多いこんにゃく粉(「こんにゃく精粉」ともいう。)から得られうるようなこんにゃく成分を豊富に使用し多孔質で吸水性に富み美味しく戴ける食品を開発することであり、好ましくは他に配合する成分としても健康食品に相応しい成分を選択使用し、上記従来のこんにゃく製品に見られる問題点の解決、例えば煮込んだときに短時間に味がしみ込み易く美味しく戴け、従来のこんにゃく製品に見られる特有の臭い等を改善し、かつ健康食品として好ましい成分を豊富に含んだ健康食品の開発にある。
【0010】
また、併せて食欲を向上するような個性的な色、味、香り、歯ごたえ、舌触りを可能とする食品の開発にある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を行った結果、吸水性を有する食品成分、例えばそれぞれ吸水性を有する、食品及びその成分並びにそれ等の加工品の何れかを、好ましくは殺菌処理又は加熱処理を施された状態で、例えば茹でたりして、これとこんにゃく粉とを少なくとも混合後、これをよく混合しゲル化せしめると、多孔質で吸水性に優れた食品が得られること、特に水性環境と接すると短時間に水分を吸収して膨らみ、しかも従来のこんにゃく製品とは異なりゲル化が弱く、特有の臭いが無く、おでん等煮込んだ場合短時間で味がしみ込み極めて美味なる食品を提供し、更に自由に着色が可能で退色することもなく食欲を向上するような個性的な色、味、香り、歯ごたえ、舌触りを可能とする食品になることを見出し、これ等の知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに到った。
【0012】
こんにゃく粉等の作用によりゲル化せしめる前に、吸水性を有する食品成分或いはそれを含有するもの(それぞれ吸水性を有する、食品及びその成分並びにそれ等の加工品の何れか)を殺菌処理、特に加熱処理工程に付すことにより、得られる食品を一段と多孔質にし吸水性を向上するといった本発明で得られる主たる効果と共に殺菌効果をも併せ取得できるので、その工程は本発明の食品の製造においては、好ましい極めて重要かつ意義のある工程である。
【0013】
即ち、本発明は、吸水性を有する食品成分(それを含有するものを含む。)、例えば吸水性を有する食品(好ましくは、種実、豆類を含む穀類。)及び吸水性を有する食品成分(脱脂大豆、米ぬか、小麦はいが、果皮等。)並びに食品或いはその加工品で吸水性を有するもの(オカラ、酒粕等。)等の少なくとも1種と、こんにゃく粉から得られうるようなこんにゃく成分とを少なくとも含有し、このような食品、食品成分が殺菌処理又は加熱処理された状態で含有する凝固状多孔質健康食品に存する。尚、本発明において、前記吸水性を有する食品成分としてオカラ及び酒粕の何れかが選択される。
【0014】
本発明に使用するこんにゃく成分については、製造段階でこんにゃく粉や、こんにゃく糊を使用することができ、このようなこんにゃく粉(こんにゃく精粉)から得られうるようなこんにゃく成分であればよい。同様に、こんにゃく芋やその主成分であるグルコマンナンを使用することもでき、勿論本発明に含まれる。
【0015】
本発明の出発物質において使用する吸水性を有する食品成分はそれを少なくとも含んでおればよく、例えば先ず吸水性食品を挙げることができる。そのような食品としては、穀類が好ましい。次に、吸水性食品成分を挙げることができ、穀類の成分や、更には加工品として当該穀類やその成分の加工品を挙げることができる。更に好ましくはこんにゃく成分と同様に繊維成分が多く吸水性である程好ましく、煮たり、茹でたり、焼いたり、蒸したりして加熱処理等の殺菌効果を奏する程度に加熱処理を施されたものを採用することができる。尚、本発明においては、前記吸水性を有する食品成分としてオカラ及び酒粕の何れかが選択され、これらは殺菌処理又は加熱処理されている。
【0016】
穀類としては、米、麦、種実、豆類を挙げることができる。更に、例えば、大豆製品では脱脂大豆や豆乳製造後の加工品(オカラ等)、米では酒粕等の加工品等第一次、二次加工品も本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分として好ましく採用される。本発明において吸水性を有する食品成分としてはこのように穀類が好ましいが、その中で、オカラ、酒粕、米ぬか、小麦はいが及び脱脂大豆等、特にオカラ及び酒粕が選択される。
【0017】
本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分としては、前記の通りこのような食品成分自体を少なくとも含んでおればよく、吸水性を有する食品成分自体や、当該成分を含む食品或いはその食品成分を使用することができ、前記の通りそれぞれ吸水性を有する、食品及びその成分並びにそれ等の加工品の何れかを含むものを使用することができる。尚、本発明における吸水性を有する食品成分には前記穀類等が含まれるが、吸水性、即ち水または水分を含んだものと接したときに水分を吸収する性質を有するような食品、食品成分が含まれる。また、本発明において、前記吸水性を有する食品成分としてオカラ及び酒粕の何れかが選択される。
【0018】
このような本発明において吸水性を有する食品成分として使用されるオカラ及び酒粕の何れかとこんにゃく成分との両者の含有比率に関しては、こんにゃく成分として使用する場合のこんにゃく粉に換算したときに、こんにゃく粉100グラムに対して本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分を100〜500グラム程度、より好ましくは200〜400グラム程度、更に好ましくは250〜350グラム程度使用すればよい。こんにゃく糊を使用する場合の使用量についても同様に、こんにゃく粉に換算して実質的にその凝固作用で対応させて算定することができる。
【0019】
本発明においては、本発明において吸水性を有する食品成分として使用されるオカラ及び酒粕の何れかとして有色成分を使用したり、更に天然に存在し安全な着色用成分を含有することにより自由に色味付を行うことができる。退色することもなく食欲を向上させる色味を維持することができる。勿論、吸水性で繊維質の多い着色成分を有する野菜等を好みの色味発色に応じて使用するのが特に好ましいが、別途添加する成分として使用することもできる。尚、食欲を向上する色味とは、少なくとも従来のこんにゃく製品に見られる色味に比較して食品として好ましい色味であればよい。
【0020】
このような別途添加可能な着色成分の野菜として好ましくは、しそ、ごぼう、ニラ、ほうれん草、かぼちゃ及び人参等を挙げることができる。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の凝固状多孔質健康食品は、殺菌処理、例えば加熱処理された吸水性を有する食品成分と、こんにゃく粉より得られうるようなこんにゃく成分とを少なくとも含有する凝固した多孔質食品である。当該本発明の食品を製造するに際し、吸水性を有する食品成分を加熱する場合の加熱方法として好ましくは茹でた後こんにゃく粉と混合、ゲル化せしめると目的とする本発明の凝固した多孔質健康食品が製造される。尚、本発明において、前記吸水性を有する食品成分として、オカラ及び酒粕の何れかが選択される。
【0022】
製造する場合原料に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分としては、前述の如く吸水性を有する食品、成分(加工品を含む。)等であればよく、繊維成分を多く含有するものであれば尚よい。そのような食品、食品成分等としては、米、麦、とうもろこし、種実、豆類等、穀類が健康食品の成分としても好ましい。
【0023】
また、種実としては、麻の実、えごま等を挙げることができ、豆類としては大豆、小豆を挙げることができる。更に、これ等は加工品でもよく、前記の通り大豆の加工品オカラや米の加工品酒粕も使用可能である。これ等の食品は1種のみ使用してもよいが、複数混合使用することもできる。
【0024】
本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分に加えて、更に前記の通り着色成分を添加できる。また、繊維成分を更に添加使用することもできる。その場合の繊維成分を含有する食品として、好ましくはごぼう、レンコン、ニラ、ほうれん草、かぼちゃ、人参及び竹の子等の野菜、梨、かりん等の果実類、きくらげ、椎茸等のきのこ類、青海苔、岩海苔等の藻類、煎茶、番茶等の茶葉等を挙げることができる。この中には、前記の通りほうれん草、人参等着色成分として使用可能な食品も含まれる。
【0025】
本発明における加熱処理は殺菌効果を取得する目的もあり、それに必要な程度の加熱方法が選択される。加熱する食材の種類や量、加熱手段等によって加熱条件は適宜選択されるが、茹でる場合は通常80℃以上、好ましくは95℃以上の熱湯で10分〜1時間程度加熱すれば十分である。
【0026】
本発明における加熱処理として、例えば茹でた本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分を粉砕したり、磨砕したり、すりつぶしたり、すりおろしたりして、十分に微細にし、好ましくは超微細にした後に、こんにゃく成分に使用するこんにゃく粉を混合して、ゲル化せしめることが好ましい。茹でる等の加熱処理は、このような微細処理工程の前、後或いは途中でも実施することができるが、通常は微細処理工程の前に行われる。
【0027】
また、上記茹でる方法に代えて、蒸したり、電子レンジ処理等で80℃以上、好ましくは95℃以上の環境下に一定時間さらしたり、焼いたり等の加熱方法を、殺菌処理を兼ねて使用することができる。
【0028】
これ以降(こんにゃく粉又はこんにゃく糊を作用させる以降)についてはこんにゃく製品の製造方法について従来から知られている公知の手段、方法を利用することができる。
【0029】
即ち、上記茹でられた本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分に水とこんにゃく粉を所定の比率で均一に混合、含有し、凝固せしめるとよい。原料である吸水性を有する食品成分に対するこんにゃく粉の使用量については、前記の通りであるが、従来の生野菜等を配合するこんにゃく製品に使用する場合に比較して少な目に使用する方が、より弱いゲル化及びより改善された吸水性、歯ごたえの面から好ましい。
【0030】
本発明の凝固状多孔質健康食品を製造するには、特に困難はなく成分の組成比が大きく異なるが、慣用されるこんにゃく製品の製造法、例えば生づめ法、大造(おおど)法、缶蒸し法等従来のこんにゃく製品の製造法に付すればよい。一般には、茹でてよく粉砕した状態の本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分と水をよく混合し、こんにゃく粉を加えてよく混合して膨潤させ、必要により水酸化カルシウム等の凝固剤を混合し、適当に凝固せしめるとよい。糸状に押し出して凝固させ糸状にすることも、小玉状に押し出したり、糸状に凝固した後切断して米粒状にすることも可能である。茹でるといった加熱処理の結果、また従来のこんにゃく製品を製造する場合に比較してこんにゃく粉を少な目に使用できる結果、歯ごたえ、吸水性、臭いが著しく改善される。
【0031】
こんにゃく粉を水で膨潤して使用するのが簡便であるが、こんにゃく粉に代えて、こんにゃく芋を使用することもでき、その場合には、こんにゃく芋を原料にすりつぶしたりして使用することができる。その場合、前記こんにゃく粉に関する好ましい使用比率を参考にする場合、こんにゃく粉換算でこんにゃく芋の使用量に対応させるとよい。
【0032】
茹でてよく粉砕した状態の本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分に混合する水の使用量はこんにゃく粉100グラムに対して1〜20リットル程度、好ましくは2〜10リットル程度、更に好ましくは3〜6リットル程度である。
【0033】
水が多過ぎると凝固が困難であり、少な過ぎると硬くなり過ぎて商品として何れも好ましくない。水温は10〜20℃程度、好ましくは15〜18℃程度である。水温が低過ぎると、こんにゃく粉中のマンナンの粒子が広がらず静置するのに長時間を要する。水温が高過ぎるとマンナンが開き過ぎて粘性が失われるので好ましくない。しかしながら、温水でこんにゃく粉を溶解し蒸し上げる大造法による場合は温水が使用可能である。
【0034】
単なる水(水道水等)でもよいが、アルカリイオン水等アルカリ水(pH値7〜11程度、好ましくは7.5〜10程度)を使用することができる。アルカリ食品の相性と凝固剤の反応に影響を与えないためにはアルカリ性の水を使用することが好ましい。好ましい着色の観点では、水中に含まれる不純物や凝固剤を多目に使用するのは好ましくなく、アルカリ性の水を使用する場合、こんにゃくの好ましい着色性の面で好ましい。
【0035】
水酸化カルシウム等の凝固剤は少量の水に溶解して使用することもできる。
使用する水酸化カルシウムは特に制限はないが、食用に供されているものが好ましい。好ましい着色性の面では、不純物の少ない高純度の水酸化カルシウムを使用する必要がある。凝固させて本発明の凝固状多孔質健康食品を製造する点では水酸化カルシウム以外の凝固剤を使用することができるが、この場合、凝固剤により着色する色が異なるので適宜選択使用する必要がある。
【0036】
空練りは特に必須では無いが、粘りを出し水酸化カルシウムを早めに馴染ませる点では好ましい。
【0037】
凝固剤として、水酸化カルシウムを使用する場合の使用量は、こんにゃく粉100グラム当たり1〜20グラム程度、好ましくは2〜10グラム程度である。使用量は凝固する時間に比例するので適宜選択可能である。
【0038】
型枠を用いる釜を使用する場合は、製品自体が自己調整し水酸化カルシウムの量が少ない場合は吸い込み、多ければ放出するため好都合であるが、生づめ法(生充填方式)の場合はそのための調整が必要となる。
【0039】
本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分は、前記の通り茹でて粉砕し、水とよく混合する。これに、こんにゃく粉を加えよく混合し、適度に粘性が出たところで一定時間膨潤させる。必要な粘度に達したところで凝固剤の水溶液を混合するとよい。或いは、茹でてよく粉砕した当該吸水性を有する食品成分とこんにゃく粉とを同時に水と混合し、一定時間膨潤した後、凝固剤の水溶液を添加混合したり、水にこんにゃく粉を膨潤させた後、茹でてよく粉砕した当該吸水性を有する食品成分を混合し、同時に又は後から凝固剤の水溶液を添加混合することもできる。
【0040】
本発明に使用する吸水性を有する食品成分は前記の通り茹でて粉砕した後、こんにゃく糊を使用する場合は、攪拌器を用いてよく混合して、よく混ざったところで凝固剤の水溶液を混合するとよい。或いは、こんにゃく糊に当該加熱処理後の食品成分を混合すると同時に凝固剤の水溶液を添加混合することもできる。
【0041】
上記のようにして得られた混合物は、型枠や所定の容器に入れて70〜95℃程度で10分〜10時間程度適当な時間加熱凝固させるとよい。加熱時間は製造する製品の大きさ等により適宜選択すればよい。混合物は、上記温度範囲の水中に糸状に押し出すと糸状に凝固させることも、小玉状に押し出したり、糸状に凝固した後切断して米粒状にすることもできる。
【0042】
上記のようにして得られた多孔質健康食品を食するときは、従来のこんにゃく製品と同様の調理法にて食することができる。例えば、適当な大きさに切断して、おでん等の煮物に供すると従来のこんにゃく製品よりも短時間にて味がしみ込み極めて美味なる健康食品として食することができる。特に、本発明の凝固状多孔質健康食品は、そのままで、また出汁、ドレッシング等に付ける等、簡単な味付けで美味しく食することができる。
【0043】
因みに、本発明で得られる多孔質健康食品は、多孔質に優れ水性環境に接すると短時間の内に水分を吸収して膨れるために、柔らかい好ましい食感を与え、また短時間で味がしみ込む点で好ましい。その水分を吸収する度合いは、関係成分の種類や含量、凝固形状、製造法にもよるが、糸状に凝固させた場合、通常は水分を切ったときの重量を基準に5%以上、好ましくは10%以上、更に好ましくは20〜30%程度である。このような優れた食品を製造することができる食品原料として好ましくは前記穀類やその成分、加工品等を挙げることができる。
【0044】
【実施例】
次に、実施例及び比較例に基づき本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0045】
(実施例1)
大豆600グラムを30分間茹でた。水7リットルを用意し、茹でた大豆を少量の水と共にミキサーに入れ細かく粉砕した。残りの水と粉砕した大豆を攪拌機に入れ、撹拌しながら、こんにゃく粉200グラムを少量ずつ加えた。約5分で適度な粘度が出たので撹拌を中止1時間膨潤させた。その後、これに水300ミリリットルに水酸化カルシウム10グラムを含む混合物を加えてよく混合した。得られた混合物をステンレス製の容器に流し込み、90℃で1時間加熱して凝固状多孔質健康食品約8キログラムを製造した。
【0046】
(比較例1)
上記実施例1において、大豆600グラムを茹でて粉砕し加える工程を省略すること以外、何ら変更を加えることなく実施例1を繰り返し、大豆成分を含まないこんにゃくを製造した。
【0047】
(評価試験)
実施例1で得られた多孔質健康食品及び比較例1で得られたこんにゃくを、それぞれ2cm×4cm、厚さ3mmの大きさに切り揃え、しそドレッシングを用意して5人の女性パネラーが食した。比較例1で得られたこんにゃくの場合は独特の臭いと味のため、そのままでは勿論、ドレッシングを付けても全員食べるのが困難であったが、実施例1で得られた凝固状多孔質健康食品の場合には、大豆特有の香りと味を有し、全員がそのままで、また少しドレッシングに付けただけで美味しく食することができた。
【0048】
一方、おでんの素を市販のかつお風味調味料(調味料(アミノ酸等)、食塩、鰹節等風味原料、乳糖、砂糖及び酵母エキス等配合)を使用して調製し、これに実施例1で得られた多孔質健康食品及び比較例1で得られたこんにゃくを、それぞれ1cm×1cm×4cmの大きさに切り揃えたもを3分間煮込み同様に5人の女性パネラーにより評価を行った。従来品である比較例1により得られたこんにゃくは、味がしみ込んでおらず、5人中4人までが容易に食することができなかった。一方、実施例1で得られた凝固状多孔質健康食品については味が十分にしみ込んでいたために全員容易に美味しく食することができた。
【0049】
(実施例2−3)
実施例1において、大豆600グラムを茹でて粉砕して加える代わりに、大豆300グラムとほうれん草300グラム、又は大豆300グラムと人参300グラムを、それぞれ茹でて粉砕して加える以外何ら変更することなく実施例1を繰り返し、大豆とほうれん草の成分が均一に含有する凝固状多孔質健康食品(実施例2)約8キログラム及び大豆と人参の成分が均一に含有する凝固状多孔質健康食品(実施例3)約8キログラムをそれぞれ製造した。
【0050】
得られた食品について、前記同様の評価試験を行った結果、前記同様何れも従来品に比較して好ましい結果が得られた。また、実施例2で得られた食品は鮮やかな緑色を呈し、実施例3で得られた食品は鮮やかなオレンジ色を呈した。その後、色が溶け出したり、退色したりすることもなかった。
【0051】
(実施例4−5)
実施例1において、大豆600グラムを茹でて粉砕して加える代わりに、オカラ600グラム又は酒粕600グラムを、それぞれ茹でて粉砕して加える以外何ら変更することなく実施例1を繰り返し、オカラ成分が均一に含有する凝固状多孔質健康食品(実施例4)約8キログラム及び酒粕成分が均一に含有する凝固状多孔質健康食品(実施例5)約8キログラムをそれぞれ製造した。
【0052】
尚、上記に使用したオカラは豆腐製造業者から入手し、一方、酒粕は酒造業者から入手した。
【0053】
評価については、前記同様好ましかったが、特に吸水性に優れており、煮汁等のしみ込みにおいて好ましかった。
【0054】
【発明の効果】
以上から明らかなように、こんにゃく粉(こんにゃく精粉)又はこんにゃく糊に、少なくとも吸水性を有する食品成分(それを含有するものを含む。)、例えば、それぞれ吸水性を有する、食品及びその成分並びにそれ等の加工品の何れかを、好ましくは加熱処理等殺菌処理を施し、例えば茹でて混合、含有してゲル化せしめると得られるような本発明の多孔質の凝固状健康食品は、従来のこんにゃく製品特有の臭いと味が改善されて、より食欲を向上する好ましい風味を有し、そのままでも簡単な味付けで料理の一品として食することができる。
【0055】
それと同時に、多孔質で吸水性に極めて優れ煮物に供したときには、素早く煮汁が十分に当該凝固状食品にしみ込み、故に味が十分にしみ込んで美味しく戴ける。従って、本発明品はこんにゃく成分、その他健康上好ましい食品素材を豊富に含んだ健康食品として調理することができる。
【0056】
更に、本発明に使用する、それぞれ吸水性を有する、食品及びその成分並びにそれ等の加工品等の吸水性を有する食品成分を適宜選択し、配合量を変更することや別に天然の着色成分を含有せしめることで、色、味、香り、歯ごたえ、舌触り等を自由に調整し、選択することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel coagulated porous health food, more specifically, a food component having water absorbency, which has been subjected to heat treatment such as sterilization treatment or heat treatment, for example, boiled, boiled, etc. And a novel coagulated porous health food containing at least a konjac component that can be obtained from konjac flour and gelled by the action of the konjac component. In addition, the food component having water absorption includes, for example, a food component having water absorption, such as food, food component, or processed product thereof, each having water absorption. It is one of Okara and lees are selected.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Konjac products (hereinafter simply referred to as “konjac”) are attracting attention as natural health foods because of their high dietary fiber and low calorie content. When cooking, konnyaku is used for pots such as oden, sukiyaki, etc., rice dishes, simmered foods, etc., but when cooking these menus, it is necessary to devise cooking to remove the odor of konjac. It is necessary to put in a decorative knife or to boil for a long time to improve the penetration of the taste. In other words, the conventional konjac product has a strong gel and it is difficult to soak even if it is fully boiled as it is, and if it is not devised for cooking such as stew, it is difficult to eat as it is with simple seasoning etc. The problem remains.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional konjac products have konjac as a main component, have almost no taste, and all have a similar texture and texture. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to produce a unique konjac product, such as it is difficult to develop a vivid color by decomposing, melting, or fading even if colored.
[0004]
On the other hand, there is no need to explain the konjac component in detail, and there is a great demand for health or beauty to eat as deliciously as possible.
[0005]
Recently, as a method of manufacturing konjac products that are easy to soak in taste, konjac products made by mixing daikon, carrots, yam, sweet potatoes, potatoes, taro and other vegetables in a raw state have been proposed. (Refer to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-79713) is not improved from the category of conventional konjac products, and the effects as described above are not sufficiently obtained.
[0006]
Accordingly, there is a demand for a food that is rich in konjac ingredients but is porous and delicious so that it can absorb more water than conventional konjac products.
[0007]
Furthermore, it is preferable to select from among agricultural products as components to be used other than the konjac component because of health requirements. For example, ingestion of cereals, especially foods that contain a lot of fiber, is necessary for health, but there are few methods that can be enjoyed deliciously, and it is difficult to ingest in the form of blending natural food materials that are particularly required for health. Met. Accordingly, development of health foods rich in such natural agricultural products is desired on the other hand.
[0008]
Under such circumstances, because there are many dietary fibers and low calories, it is rich in konjac ingredients that are attracting attention as a natural health food and can be eaten porous and delicious, and as much as health food The development of foods that are expected to be eaten and foods that are rich in ingredients is desired.
[0009]
The object of the present invention is to develop a food product that is rich in konjac ingredients that can be obtained from konjac flour with high dietary fiber (also referred to as “konjac fine powder”), is porous, has a high water absorption property, and is delicious. Yes, preferably using other ingredients suitable for health foods as ingredients to be mixed, solving the problems found in the above-mentioned conventional konjac products, for example, when it is simmered, it can be tasted easily in a short time, It is in the development of a health food that improves the peculiar odor and the like found in conventional konjac products and contains abundant components preferable as a health food.
[0010]
The company also develops foods that enable individual colors, tastes, fragrances, chewy textures and textures that improve appetite.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors, as a result, preferably have a water-absorbing food component, for example, any of foods and components thereof having water-absorbing properties, and processed products thereof. In a state of being subjected to sterilization treatment or heat treatment, for example, boiled and at least mixed with konjac flour, and then mixed well to be gelled, a porous and excellent water-absorbing food is obtained. In particular, when it comes in contact with an aqueous environment, it absorbs moisture and swells in a short time, and unlike conventional konjac products, it is weakly gelled, has no unique odor, and when it is boiled with oden, it tastes quickly. We have found delicious foods that can be freely colored, and can be made into foods that can have a distinctive color, taste, fragrance, texture and texture that can improve appetite without fading. And we have completed the present invention based on the findings of an equal.
[0012]
Before gelling by the action of konjac powder etc., sterilizing food components having water absorption or those containing them (each of which has water absorption, food and its components and processed products thereof, in particular) By subjecting to a heat treatment step, it is possible to obtain a bactericidal effect as well as the main effect obtained in the present invention to make the resulting food more porous and improve the water absorption, so that step in the production of the food of the present invention This is a preferred and extremely important and meaningful process.
[0013]
That is, the present invention relates to food components having water absorption (including those containing them), for example, foods having water absorption (preferably cereals including seeds and beans) and food components having water absorption (defatted oil). Soy, rice bran, wheat germ, peel, etc.) and food or processed foods having water absorption (ocara, sake lees etc.) and konjac ingredients that can be obtained from konjac flour. It exists in the coagulated porous health food which contains at least such a food and a food component in a state of being sterilized or heated. In the present invention, any of Okara and lees are selected as a food ingredient having a water absorption.
[0014]
As for the konjac component used in the present invention, konjac flour or konjac paste can be used in the production stage, and any konjac component can be obtained from such konjac flour (konjac fine powder). Similarly, konjac koji and glucomannan, which is the main component thereof, can also be used and, of course, are included in the present invention.
[0015]
The water-absorbing food component used in the starting material of the present invention only needs to contain at least the water-absorbing food, for example. As such food, cereals are preferred. Next, a water-absorbing food ingredient can be mentioned, and a cereal component and a processed product of the cereal and its components can be mentioned as a processed product. More preferably, the fiber component is more water-absorbing as in the case of the konjac component, and it has been heat-treated to such an extent that it can be boiled, boiled, baked, steamed and has a bactericidal effect such as heat treatment. Can be adopted. In the present invention, any of Okara and sake cake are selected, they are sterilized or heat-treated as a food ingredient having a water absorption.
[0016]
Examples of cereals include rice, wheat, seeds and beans. In addition, for example, processed products such as defatted soybeans and soy milk for soybean products (such as okara), and processed and processed products such as sake lees for rice are also used as food components having water absorption used in the present invention. Preferably employed. In the present invention, cereals are preferred as food components having water absorption, among which okara, sake lees, rice bran, wheat germ and defatted soybeans , especially okara and sake lees are selected.
[0017]
As described above, the water-absorbing food ingredient used in the present invention may contain at least such a food ingredient itself, and the water-absorbing food ingredient itself, a food containing the ingredient, or a food ingredient thereof. As described above, those containing any of foods and their components and their processed products, each having water absorbency, can be used. In addition, although the said grain etc. are contained in the foodstuff component which has the water absorptivity in this invention, a foodstuff, a food ingredient which has a property which absorbs water when it contacts water absorption, ie, the thing containing water or water | moisture content Is included. Further, in the present invention, any of Okara and lees are selected as a food ingredient having a water absorption.
[0018]
For such both the content ratio of the present invention with any of Ocala and lees used as a food ingredient having a water-absorbing and konjac component, when converted to konjac flour when used as Konjac component, konjac What is necessary is just to use about 100-500 grams, More preferably, about 200-400 grams, More preferably, about 250-350 grams The foodstuff component which has the water absorption used for this invention with respect to 100 grams of powders. Similarly, the amount used in the case of using konjac paste can also be calculated by converting it into konjac powder and substantially corresponding to its coagulation action.
[0019]
In the present invention, free color by containing or use colored component as one of Okara and lees used as a food ingredient having a water absorption, there further naturally safe coloring component in the present invention Seasoning can be performed. It is possible to maintain a color that improves appetite without fading. Of course, it is particularly preferable to use vegetables or the like having water-absorbing and high-fibrous coloring components according to the desired color development, but they can also be used as separately added components. In addition, the color which improves appetite should just be a color preferable as a foodstuff at least compared with the color seen in the conventional konjac product.
[0020]
Preferable examples of the separately added vegetables that can be added include shiso, burdock, leek, spinach, pumpkin, and carrots.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The solidified porous health food of the present invention is a coagulated porous food containing at least a sterilized food component having water absorption that has been sterilized, for example, heat-treated, and a konjac component that can be obtained from konjac powder. In the production of the food of the present invention, as a heating method in the case of heating a food component having water absorption, it is preferably mixed with konjac flour after boiled and gelled, and the target is the solidified porous health food of the present invention. Is manufactured. In the present invention, as a food ingredient having a water absorption, one of Okara and lees are selected.
[0022]
The food component having water absorbency used as a raw material in the production may be any food, component (including processed product) having water absorbency as described above, and if it contains many fiber components, Good. As such foods, food ingredients, etc., grains such as rice, wheat, corn, seeds, beans, etc. are also preferred as components of health foods.
[0023]
Examples of seeds include hemp seeds and sesame seeds, and examples of beans include soybeans and red beans. In addition, these may be processed products, and as described above, processed soybean okara and processed rice liquor can be used. These foods may be used alone or in combination.
[0024]
In addition to the water-absorbing food component used in the present invention, a coloring component can be further added as described above. Further, a fiber component can be further added and used. As a food containing the fiber component in that case, preferably vegetables such as burdock, lotus root, leek, spinach, pumpkin, carrots and bamboo shoots, fruits such as pears and karin, mushrooms such as jellyfishes, shiitake mushrooms, green laver, rock laver And algae such as sencha and tea leaves such as bancha. This includes foods that can be used as coloring components such as spinach and carrots as described above.
[0025]
The heat treatment in the present invention also has an object of obtaining a sterilizing effect, and a heating method necessary for the heat treatment is selected. The heating conditions are appropriately selected depending on the type and amount of the food to be heated, the heating means, and the like, but in the case of boiling, it is usually sufficient to heat with hot water at 80 ° C. or higher, preferably 95 ° C. or higher for about 10 minutes to 1 hour.
[0026]
As heat treatment in the present invention, for example, boiled food ingredients having water absorption used in the present invention are pulverized, ground, ground, grated, sufficiently fined, preferably ultrafine After that, it is preferable that the konjac powder used for the konjac component is mixed and gelled. The heat treatment such as boiling can be performed before, after or during such a fine processing step, but is usually performed before the fine processing step.
[0027]
Further, instead of the above boiling method, a heating method such as steaming, microwave treatment or the like is exposed to an environment of 80 ° C. or higher, preferably 95 ° C. or higher for a certain period of time, or baked is also used as a sterilizing treatment. be able to.
[0028]
From this point onward (after konjac flour or konjac paste is allowed to act), known means and methods known in the art for the production method of konjac products can be used.
[0029]
That is, it is preferable that water and konjac powder are uniformly mixed and contained in a predetermined ratio to the water-absorbing food component used in the present invention and coagulated. About the amount of konjac flour used for food ingredients having water absorbency as a raw material, as described above, it is better to use it in a smaller amount compared to the case of using it for garlic products containing conventional raw vegetables, etc. It is preferable from the viewpoint of weaker gelation, improved water absorption, and chewy texture.
[0030]
There is no particular difficulty in producing the solidified porous health food of the present invention, and the composition ratios of the components are greatly different. However, a commonly used method for producing a konjac product, such as a birth method, a large-scale method, a can What is necessary is just to attach to the manufacturing method of conventional konjac products, such as a steaming method. Generally, the water-absorbing food ingredient used in the present invention in a boiled and well-pulverized state is mixed well with water, konjac powder is added and mixed well to swell, and if necessary, a coagulant such as calcium hydroxide is added. It is good to mix and solidify appropriately. It is possible to extrude it into a thread and solidify it into a thread, or to extrude it into a small ball, or to solidify it into a thread and then cut it into a rice grain. As a result of the heat treatment such as boiling, and as a result of using konjac flour on a small scale as compared with the case of producing a conventional konjac product, the texture, water absorption and odor are remarkably improved.
[0031]
It is easy to use konjac flour swollen with water, but instead of konjac flour, you can also use konjac koji, in which case you can use konjac koji as raw material. it can. In that case, when referring to the preferred use ratio regarding the konjac flour, it is preferable to correspond to the amount of konjac meal used in terms of konjac flour.
[0032]
The amount of water mixed with the water-absorbing food ingredient used in the present invention in the boiled and well crushed state is about 1 to 20 liters, preferably about 2 to 10 liters, more preferably 100 grams of konjac flour. It is about 3-6 liters.
[0033]
If there is too much water, solidification is difficult, and if there is too little water, it will become too hard and it is not preferred as a product. The water temperature is about 10 to 20 ° C, preferably about 15 to 18 ° C. If the water temperature is too low, it takes a long time for the mannan particles in the konjac flour not to spread and stand still. If the water temperature is too high, the mannan will open too much and the viscosity will be lost. However, warm water can be used in the case of a large-scale method in which konjac flour is dissolved and steamed with warm water.
[0034]
Simple water (such as tap water) may be used, but alkaline water such as alkaline ionized water (pH value of about 7 to 11, preferably about 7.5 to 10) can be used. In order not to affect the compatibility of the alkaline food and the reaction of the coagulant, it is preferable to use alkaline water. From the viewpoint of preferable coloring, it is not preferable to frequently use impurities and coagulants contained in water, and when alkaline water is used, it is preferable in terms of preferable coloring property of konjac.
[0035]
A coagulant such as calcium hydroxide can be used by dissolving in a small amount of water.
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the calcium hydroxide to be used, The thing provided for edible is preferable. In terms of preferable colorability, it is necessary to use high-purity calcium hydroxide with less impurities. A coagulant other than calcium hydroxide can be used in terms of producing the coagulated porous health food of the present invention by coagulation, but in this case, since the color to be colored differs depending on the coagulant, it is necessary to select and use as appropriate. is there.
[0036]
Empty kneading is not essential, but it is preferable in terms of stickiness and quick adaptation of calcium hydroxide.
[0037]
The amount of calcium hydroxide used as a coagulant is about 1 to 20 grams, preferably about 2 to 10 grams per 100 grams of konjac flour. Since the amount used is proportional to the solidification time, it can be appropriately selected.
[0038]
When using a kettle with a formwork, the product itself is self-adjusting and it is convenient to suck in if the amount of calcium hydroxide is small, and release it if it is large, but in the case of the raw method (raw filling method) Adjustment is required.
[0039]
The water-absorbing food component used in the present invention is boiled and pulverized as described above and mixed well with water. To this, konjac powder is added and mixed well, and the mixture is allowed to swell for a certain period of time when it becomes moderately viscous. When the required viscosity is reached, an aqueous solution of a coagulant may be mixed. Alternatively, after mixing the water-absorbing food ingredient and konjac flour that have been boiled and well pulverized with water and swelling for a certain period of time, then adding and mixing an aqueous solution of a coagulant or swelling the konjac flour into water It is also possible to mix the food ingredients having water absorbency that are well boiled and pulverized, and add or mix the aqueous solution of the coagulant simultaneously or later.
[0040]
The food component having water absorption used in the present invention is boiled and pulverized as described above, and when using konjac paste, mix well using a stirrer, and mix the coagulant aqueous solution when well mixed. Good. Or the foodstuff component after the said heat processing can be mixed with the konjac paste, and the aqueous solution of a coagulant can be added and mixed simultaneously.
[0041]
The mixture obtained as described above may be placed in a mold or a predetermined container and heated and solidified at about 70 to 95 ° C. for about 10 minutes to 10 hours. The heating time may be appropriately selected depending on the size of the product to be manufactured. The mixture can be solidified into a thread when extruded into water in the above temperature range, or extruded into a small ball, or solidified into a thread and then cut into rice grains.
[0042]
When the porous health food obtained as described above is eaten, it can be eaten by the same cooking method as a conventional konjac product. For example, if it is cut into a suitable size and used for boiled dishes such as oden, it can be eaten as a health food that tastes so much in a shorter time than conventional konjac products. In particular, the solidified porous health food of the present invention can be eaten deliciously with simple seasoning, such as being added to soup stocks and dressings.
[0043]
Incidentally, the porous health food obtained by the present invention is excellent in porosity and absorbs moisture within a short time when it comes into contact with an aqueous environment, so that it gives a soft and pleasant texture and also tastes in a short time. This is preferable. The degree of moisture absorption depends on the type and content of the related components, the solidification shape, and the production method, but when solidified into a thread, it is usually 5% or more based on the weight when moisture is cut off, preferably It is 10% or more, more preferably about 20 to 30%. Preferred examples of food raw materials that can produce such excellent foods include the cereals, components thereof, and processed products.
[0044]
【Example】
Next, based on an Example and a comparative example, this invention is demonstrated in detail.
[0045]
Example 1
Boiled 600 grams of soy for 30 minutes. 7 liters of water was prepared, and boiled soybeans were put into a mixer with a small amount of water and finely ground. The remaining water and pulverized soybeans were put into a stirrer, and 200 grams of konjac flour was added little by little while stirring. Since an appropriate viscosity was obtained in about 5 minutes, stirring was stopped and the mixture was allowed to swell for 1 hour. Thereafter, a mixture containing 10 grams of calcium hydroxide in 300 milliliters of water was added and mixed well. The obtained mixture was poured into a stainless steel container and heated at 90 ° C. for 1 hour to produce about 8 kilograms of a solidified porous health food.
[0046]
(Comparative Example 1)
In Example 1 above, except that the process of adding 600 grams of soybeans by boiling and crushing was omitted, Example 1 was repeated without any changes to produce konjac containing no soybean components.
[0047]
(Evaluation test)
The porous health food obtained in Example 1 and the konjac obtained in Comparative Example 1 were each cut into a size of 2 cm × 4 cm and a thickness of 3 mm, prepared with shiso dressing and served by five female panelists. did. In the case of konjac obtained in Comparative Example 1, because of its unique odor and taste, it was difficult for everyone to eat even with dressing as it was, but the coagulated porous health obtained in Example 1 In the case of food, it had a scent and taste peculiar to soybeans, and everyone was able to eat it as it was and with a little bit of dressing.
[0048]
On the other hand, the oden sauce was prepared using a commercially available bonito flavoring seasoning (condiments (amino acids, etc.), salt, bonito flavoring ingredients, lactose, sugar, yeast extract, etc.) and obtained in Example 1 The obtained porous health food and the konjac obtained in Comparative Example 1 were each cut into a size of 1 cm × 1 cm × 4 cm and boiled for 3 minutes, and evaluated by five female panelists in the same manner. The konjac obtained by the comparative example 1 which is a conventional product did not soak in taste, and up to 4 out of 5 could not be eaten easily. On the other hand, since the solidified porous health food obtained in Example 1 was sufficiently soaked in taste, all of them could easily eat deliciously.
[0049]
(Example 2-3)
In Example 1, instead of adding 600 grams of soybeans by boiling and pulverizing, 300 grams of soybeans and 300 grams of spinach, or 300 grams of soybeans and 300 grams of carrots were added without any changes other than boiled and pulverized. Example 1 is repeated, about 8 kilograms of a solidified porous health food containing uniformly soybean and spinach components (Example 2) and a solidified porous health food containing uniformly soybean and carrot ingredients (Example 3) ) About 8 kilograms were produced respectively.
[0050]
As a result of conducting the same evaluation test on the obtained food, the same results as described above were obtained as compared with the conventional products. Moreover, the foodstuff obtained in Example 2 exhibited a bright green color, and the foodstuff obtained in Example 3 exhibited a bright orange color. After that, the color did not melt or fade.
[0051]
(Example 4-5)
In Example 1, instead of adding 600 grams of soybeans by boiling and crushing them, 600 grams of okara or 600 grams of sake lees are added by boiling and crushing, respectively, and Example 1 is repeated without any change, and the okara components are uniform. About 8 kilograms of the solidified porous health food (Example 4) contained in the product and about 8 kilograms of the solidified porous health food (Example 5) containing the sake lees component uniformly were prepared.
[0052]
The okara used above was obtained from a tofu manufacturer, while the sake lees were obtained from a brewer.
[0053]
As for the evaluation, although it was preferable as described above, it was particularly excellent in water absorption, and was preferable in the soaking of boiled juice.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As apparent from the above, konjac flour (konnyaku fine powder) or konjac paste has at least a water-absorbing food component (including those containing it), for example, a food product and its components each having water-absorbing properties, and The porous solidified health food of the present invention obtained by subjecting any of these processed products to preferably sterilization treatment such as heat treatment, for example, boiled, mixed, and gelled, The odor and taste peculiar to konjac products are improved, and it has a favorable flavor that improves appetite. It can be eaten as a dish with simple seasoning.
[0055]
At the same time, when it is porous and extremely excellent in water absorption, it is quickly soaked in the coagulated food so that the broth can be sufficiently soaked in taste and can be served deliciously. Accordingly, the product of the present invention can be cooked as a health food containing abundant konjac ingredients and other health-friendly food materials.
[0056]
Furthermore, the water-absorbing food components used in the present invention, each of which has a water-absorbing property, such as foods and their components, and processed products thereof, are selected as appropriate, and the amount of blending is changed or a natural coloring component is added. By containing it, it is possible to freely adjust and select the color, taste, fragrance, texture, texture and the like.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06808099A JP4545841B2 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 1999-03-15 | Solidified porous health food |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06808099A JP4545841B2 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 1999-03-15 | Solidified porous health food |
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| JP2000262245A JP2000262245A (en) | 2000-09-26 |
| JP4545841B2 true JP4545841B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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| JP06808099A Expired - Fee Related JP4545841B2 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 1999-03-15 | Solidified porous health food |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104757528A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-08 | 杨伦南 | Diabetes treating health food capsules |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3498087B2 (en) | 2001-03-19 | 2004-02-16 | 哲子 岡田 | Okara ingredients |
| JP5044145B2 (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2012-10-10 | 株式会社オーカワ | Processed food manufacturing method and processed food |
| JP2013013372A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-24 | Sadayuki Hidenori | Method for producing konjak for konjak-containing pate and method for producing konjak containing pate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104757528A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-08 | 杨伦南 | Diabetes treating health food capsules |
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