JP4546609B2 - Ceramic heat treatment material with excellent thermal shock resistance - Google Patents
Ceramic heat treatment material with excellent thermal shock resistance Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、耐熱衝撃抵抗性にすぐれたアルミナ質、マグネシア質およびスピネル質よりなる群から選ばれた焼結体であるセラミック製熱処理用部材に関する。
なお、本発明でいう熱処理用部材とは圧電体、誘電体などの電子部品材料、リチウムイオン2次電池正極材料、蛍光体材料およびセラミック材料の熱処理用容器、単結晶育成用ルツボ、金属溶解用ルツボ、各種電気炉用炉心管、サポートチューブ、ラジアントチューブ、ガス吹込管、ガス採取管、測温用熱電対および各種機器用の保護管、サポート用治具材などである。
【0002】
【従来技術とその問題点】
アルミナ、マグネシアおよびスピネル質焼結体は耐食性、耐熱性などにすぐれ、他のセラミックスに比べて安価で取り扱いが容易であることから、古くから高温部材、熱処理用容器、セッター、炉心管、測温用保護管等の広い分野で使用されている。
【0003】
最近のリチウム2次電池用正極材料をはじめとする電子材料及び蛍光体材料の熱処理においては蒸発成分を極力少なくして組成の変動を少なくするため、および生産効率を高めるために急速昇温、降温処理がなされている。緻密質の焼結体からなる熱処理用部材は耐食性にはすぐれているものの急速昇温、降温では熱衝撃による割れが発生する危険性を有している。一方、多孔質からなる熱処理用部材は耐熱衝撃抵抗性には緻密質の部材に比べて高いものの気密性に欠け、熱処理用部材中の成分が被熱処理物中に不純物として混入したり、また被熱処理物と反応したりして被熱処理物の組成変化が起こったり、また熱処理により被熱処理物から蒸発する成分の熱処理用部材への吸着や反応がおこり、耐食性の低下、機械的特性の低下などの問題が生じている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、耐熱衝撃抵抗性に優れた多孔性セラミック製熱処理用部材を提供する点にある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は前記のような現状を鑑みて鋭意研究を重ねた結果、アルミナ質、マグネシア質およびスピネル質焼結体において、ある特定の相対密度を有し、丸みを帯びた気孔を有し、気孔径および焼結体の結晶粒径の制御、さらには気孔径と結晶粒径との比を制御することによりすぐれた耐熱衝撃抵抗性を有するアルミナ質、マグネシア質およびスピネル質焼結体からなる熱処理用部材を見出した。なお、本発明においては、耐熱衝撃抵抗性とは急熱・急冷によるクラックの発生や割れに対する抵抗性だけでなく、加熱・冷却の繰り返しによる耐久性をも意味する。
【0006】
本発明の第一は、Al2O3含有量が95重量%以上で、MgO含有量が0.3重量%以下のアルミナ質多孔質焼結体であって、(a)その気孔は丸味を帯びたものであり、(b)その平均気孔径2〜50μm、(c)焼結体の平均結晶粒径5〜50μm、(d)(平均気孔径)/(平均結晶粒径)=0.1〜6、(e)焼結体の相対密度80〜95%であることを特徴とするアルミナ質多孔質焼結体よりなるセラミック製熱処理用部材に関する。
【0007】
本発明における気孔の形成には、粉砕・分散スラリーに所定の相対密度および気孔径になるように気孔形成剤としてのアクリル系樹脂球状粒子や多糖類球状粒子などの有機質球状粒子のような有機質で丸味を帯びた粒子を使用することが必要である。この気孔形成剤をセラミック粉体に添加、混合して成形し、これを焼成すると、有機質の気孔形成剤は焼失し、跡形としての気孔が残るので、気孔の形状は本質的には気孔形成剤の形状に基因した形状となり、前記請求項(1)の(a)で規定し、図1(A)、(B)に示すように気孔は丸味を帯びたものとなり、また気孔は実質的に独立したものとなる。気孔形状が丸味を帯びていない場合には、焼結体に応力が負荷されると気孔に応力集中がおこりやすくなって、強度低下、さらには耐熱衝撃抵抗性の低下をきたすので好ましくない。
【0008】
本発明においては(b)の平均気孔径は2〜50μm、好ましくは5〜30μm、より好ましくは5〜25μm以下であることが必要である。平均気孔径が2μm未満の場合は気孔形成による耐熱衝撃抵抗性の向上の効果が少なく、50μmを越える場合には気孔が連続状態になったり、強度低下をきたすため好ましくない。
平均気孔径は焼結体を鏡面仕上げし、走査電子顕微鏡にて観察し、100個の気孔径を測定し、平均値:Pを求め、
【数1】
平均気孔径=1.5×P
として求める。
【0009】
本発明においては(c)の焼結体の平均結晶粒径は5〜50μmであることが必要である。平均結晶粒径が5μm未満の場合は、耐久性が低下するだけでなく、耐食性が低下するので好ましくない。一方、50μmを越える場合には耐熱衝撃性が低下するので好ましくない。好ましくは10〜40μmである。平均結晶粒径は焼結体を鏡面仕上げし、熱エッチングを施し、走査電子顕微鏡にて観察し、インターセプト法により10点平均から求める。算出式としては、
【数2】
D=1.5×L/n
〔D:平均結晶粒径(μm)、L:測定長さ(μm)、n:長さL当たりの結晶数〕を用いる。
【0010】
本発明においては(d)の平均気孔径/平均結晶粒径は0.1〜6、より好ましくは0.2〜5であることが必要である。平均気孔径/平均結晶粒径が0.1未満の場合は、気孔の存在による耐熱衝撃抵抗性に対する効果が少なくなるので好ましくない。一方、平均気孔径/平均結晶粒径が6を越える場合は気孔径が結晶粒径に比べて大きくなりすぎて強度低下をきたし、耐熱衝撃抵抗性が低下するだけでなく、被処理物成分の浸食が大きくなって耐食性の低下をきたすので好ましくない。
【0011】
本発明においては(e)の相対密度は80〜95%であることが必要であり、より好ましくは85〜90%であることが必要である。
相対密度が80%未満の場合は気孔量が多くなり、各々の気孔がつながって気孔径が大きくなり、強度低下や耐食性の低下をきたすので好ましくない。また、相対密度が95%を越える場合は耐熱衝撃抵抗性の低下をきたすので好ましくない。
【0012】
本発明において焼結体がアルミナ質焼結体である場合には、アルミナ含有量が95重量%以上であることが必要である。アルミナ含有量が95重量%未満の場合は、アルミナ質焼結体中に含有する不純物量が多くなり、結晶粒界に不純物で形成される第2相及びガラス相が多くなり、耐食性の低下だけでなく、機械的特性、特に高温下での強度及び靭性の低下をきたし、その結果、耐熱衝撃抵抗性が低下するので好ましくない。アルミナ含有量として好ましいのは、97重量%以上であり、より好ましくは99重量%以上である。
【0013】
本発明のアルミナ質焼結体の場合には、アルミナ質焼結体に対し、MgOを0.3重量%以下含有することが必要である。これにより、焼結性の向上及び結晶粒径の均一性を高くする効果がある。さらに、ジルコニアとMgOが同時に含有していると還元雰囲気下での強度劣化を抑制することができる。より好ましくは0.25重量%以下とする。MgOが0.3重量%以上含有する場合には、アルミナ結晶粒界に第2相を析出しやすくなり、耐熱衝撃抵抗性および耐久性が劣るので好ましくない。
【0014】
本発明の第二は、MgO含有量が95重量%以上のマグネシア質多孔質焼結体であって、(a)その気孔は丸味を帯びたものであり、(b)その平均気孔径2〜50μm、(c)焼結体の平均結晶粒径5〜50μm、(d)(平均気孔径)/(平均結晶粒径)=0.1〜6、(e)焼結体の相対密度80〜95%であることを特徴とするマグネシア質多孔質焼結体よりなるセラミック製熱処理用部材に関する。
【0015】
本発明において焼結体がマグネシア質焼結体である場合には、MgO含有量は95重量%以上であることが必要である。MgO含有量が95重量%未満の場合は、マグネシア質焼結体中に含有する不純物量が多くなり、結晶粒界に不純物で形成される第2相及びガラス相が多くなり、耐食性の低下だけでなく、機械的特性、特に高温下での強度及び靭性の低下をきたし、その結果、耐熱衝撃抵抗性が低下するので好ましくない。マグネシア含有量として好ましいのは97重量%以上であり、より好ましくは99重量%以上である。
【0016】
本発明の第三は、Al2O3/MgO(重量比)が60/40〜80/20、Al2O3とMgOの合計含有量が95重量%以上であるスピネル質多孔質焼結体であって、(a)その気孔は丸味を帯びたものであり、(b)その平均気孔径2〜50μm、(c)焼結体の平均結晶粒径5〜50μm、(d)(平均気孔径)/(平均結晶粒径)=0.1〜6、(e)焼結体の相対密度80〜95%であることを特徴とするスピネル質多孔質焼結体よりなるセラミック製熱処理用部材に関する。
【0017】
本発明において焼結体がスピネル質焼結体である場合には、Al2O3/MgO重量比は60/40〜80/20、より好ましくは65/35〜75/25であることが必要であり、またAl2O3とMgOとの合計含有量が95重量%以上、好ましくは97重量%以上であり、より好ましくは99重量%以上であることが好適である。Al2O3/MgO重量比が60/40未満の場合は、スピネル焼結体中のMgO結晶量が多くなり、耐食性及び機械的特性、特に熱衝撃抵抗性、熱疲労特性が低下するので好ましくなく、Al2O3/MgO重量比が80/20を越えるとスピネル焼結体中のAl2O3結晶量が多くなり、スピネル結晶とアルミナ結晶との熱膨張差により耐熱衝撃抵抗性の低下および耐食性の低下が起こるので好ましくない。Al2O3とMgOとの合計含有量が95重量%未満の場合はスピネル質焼結体中の不純物が多くなり、結晶粒界に不純物で形成される第2相およびガラス相が多くなり、耐食性の低下だけでなく、機械的特性、特に高温強度の低下により耐熱衝撃抵抗性の低下が起こるので好ましくない。
【0018】
本発明の焼結体が、アルミナ質、マグネシア質あるいはスピネル質のいずれであるにせよ、本発明においてはジルコニアを5重量%以下、より好ましくは3重量%以下含有していることが好ましい。また、ジルコニア結晶粒径は0.5μm以下であることが好ましい。
ジルコニアはアルミナ質、マグネシア質あるいはスピネル質の焼結体における強度及び靭性の向上に寄与するだけでなく、焼結性を向上させ、結晶粒径分布の少ない微構造にするために重要である。ジルコニア含有量が5重量%を越える場合、あるいは結晶粒径が0.5μmを越える場合には加熱・冷却の繰り返しにより、ジルコニアとアルミナ質、マグネシア質あるいはスピネル質との熱膨張差による残存膨張により焼結体にクラックが発生し、耐久性に欠けるので好ましくない。
【0019】
本発明の耐熱衝撃性にすぐれた熱処理用部材は種々の方法で作製できるが、その一例を下記に示す。
【0020】
原料粉末は純度が99%以上(スピネルの場合はAl2O3+MgOの合計重量が99%以上)、平均粒子径が2μm以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは1.5μm以下である。平均粒子径が2μmを越える場合には、焼結体内部の欠陥が多く存在するため、耐熱衝撃抵抗性をはじめとする機械的特性の低下をきたすので好ましくない。
【0021】
また、ジルコニア原料粉末としては、液相法により作製された粉末を用いるのが好ましく、比表面積が5m2/g以上である必要があり、より好ましくは7m2/g以上である。さらには、ジルコニアゾルや焼成によりジルコニアとなるジルコニウム化合物を用いることもできる。ジルコニア原料粉末の比表面積が5m2/g未満の場合は、ジルコニア結晶粒子の分散性が低下するだけでなく、焼結体に存在するジルコニア結晶粒子が大きくなるため耐熱衝撃性及び耐食性が低下するので好ましくない。また、ジルコニアにイットリアが1〜5モル%含有していることがより好ましい。
【0022】
なお、焼結体に含有するSiO2、TiO2、Fe2O3、CaO、Na2O及びK2Oの合計含有量は2重量%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは1重量%以下であることが必要である。不純物量が2重量%を越えると結晶粒界に第2相およびガラス相を多く形成し、高温特性の低下をきたすので好ましくない。
【0023】
アルミナ質、マグネシア質またはスピネル質に対してジルコニアを添加する場合はジルコニア含有量が所定量となるように各原料粉末に配合し、溶媒として水または有機溶媒を用いて、ポットミル、アトリッションミル等の粉砕機により粉砕・分散・混合する。
【0024】
前記のようにして得られた粉体の平均粒子径は1.5μm以下であることが必要で、より好ましくは1.0μm以下である。粒度がこれらの範囲外の場合は、成形性が低下し、得られた焼結体に欠陥が多く存在するだけでなく、本願発明の微構造を有した焼結体が得られず、耐熱衝撃性が低下するだけでなく、その他の機械的特性及び耐食性も低下するので好ましくない。
【0025】
アルミナにMgOを添加する場合は、粉砕・分散・混合時に水酸化物、炭酸化物等のマグネシア化合物の形態で添加しても良いし、予めアルミナ原料粉末に添加した粉末を用いても良い。
【0026】
成形方法としてプレス成形、ラバープレス成形等の方法を採用する場合には、粉砕・分散スラリーに必要により公知の成形助剤(例えばワックスエマルジョン、PVA、アクリル系樹脂等)を加え、スプレードライヤー等の公知の方法で乾燥させて成形粉体を作製し、これを用いて成形する。また、鋳込成形法を採用する場合には、粉砕・分散スラリーに必要により公知のバインダー(例えばワックスエマルジョン、アクリル系樹脂等)を加え、石膏型あるいは樹脂型を用いて排泥鋳込、充填鋳込、加圧鋳込法により成形する。さらに、押出成形法を採用する場合には、粉砕・分散したスラリーを乾燥させ、整粒し、混合機を用いて水、バインダー(例えばメチルセルロース等)を混合して坏土を作製し、押出成形する。以上のようにして得た成形体を1500〜1800℃、より好ましくは1600〜1750℃で焼成することによって焼結体を得る。
【0027】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を示し、本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれにより何ら限定されるものでない。
【0028】
実施例1〜16および比較例1〜20
純度99.5%、平均粒子径2μmからなるアルミナ、マグネシアまたはスピネル粉末にジルコニアを添加する場合は、所定量のジルコニア粉末を配合し、ポットミルで溶媒に水あるいはエタノールを用いて粉砕・分散・混合し、スラリーを作製した。また、アルミナにマグネシアを添加する場合は炭酸マグネシウムを所定量配合し、ジルコニア粉末を添加する場合と同様に行った。気孔形成剤としてはアクリル系樹脂球状粒子または多糖類球状粒子を所定の気孔率および気孔径になるように添加、混合した。
【0029】
また、ジルコニア粉末はY2O3を1〜5モル%含有しており、比表面積が15m2/gである粉末を用いた。得られたスラリーを石膏型を用いて鋳込成形し、1450〜1800℃で焼成して、一辺が100mmの正方形で、高さが50mmの角型熱処理用容器を作製した。得られた熱処理用容器の焼結体特性を表1〜4に示す。得られた熱処理用容器の熱衝撃抵抗性を調べるため、得られた熱処理用容器の中に40メッシュの電融アルミナ粉末を500g入れ、フタをして、所定の温度に保持した電気炉に入れ、30分加熱保持し、炉外へ即座に取り出し、室温下で急冷し、割れの有無により熱衝撃抵抗性を評価した。
また、アルミナの場合は上記と同条件で600℃、マグネシアおよびスピネルの場合は500℃での繰り返しによるクラック発生の有無について評価した。
【0030】
比較例1は、MgO含有量の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例2は、Al2O3含有量の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例3は、平均結晶粒径の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例4は、平均気孔径の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例5は、Al2O3とジルコニアの含有量および相対密度の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例6は、平均結晶粒径の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例7は、相対密度の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例8は、気孔がなく、相対密度の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例9は、気孔がなく、相対密度の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例10は、MgOとジルコニア含有量の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例11は、平均結晶粒径の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例12は、相対密度の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例13は、MgO含有量と相対密度の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例14は、平均気孔径の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例15は、Al2O3/MgOの点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例16は、Al2O3とMgOの合計量の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例17は、気孔がなく、相対密度などの点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例18は、Al2O3とMgOの合計量の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例19は、平均結晶粒径の点で本発明の要件をはずれており、
比較例20は、Al2O3/MgOおよび平均結晶粒径の点で本発明の要件をはずれている。
本発明の熱処理用部材はすぐれた耐熱衝撃抵抗性および耐久性にすぐれることが明らかである。
【0031】
【表1】
【0032】
【表2】
【0033】
【表3】
【0034】
【表4】
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明の熱処理用部材は、耐熱衝撃性及び耐食性にすぐれるため、圧電体、誘電体などの電子部品材料、リチウムイオン2次電池正極材料、蛍光体材料およびセラミック材料の熱処理用容器、単結晶育成用ルツボ、金属溶解用ルツボ、各種電気炉用炉心管、サポートチューブ、ラジアントチューブ、ガス吹込管、ガス採取管、測温用熱電対および各種機器用の保護管、サポート用治具材などに有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(A)は、本発明のセラミック質熱処理用部材の1つのサンプルの微構造写真であり、(B)は、本発明のセラミック質熱処理用部材の1つのサンプルの気孔分布状態を示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ceramic heat treatment member which is a sintered body selected from the group consisting of alumina, magnesia and spinel having excellent thermal shock resistance.
The heat treatment member referred to in the present invention is an electronic component material such as a piezoelectric material or a dielectric material, a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode material, a phosphor material and a ceramic material heat treatment vessel, a single crystal growth crucible, and a metal melting material. These include crucibles, furnace tubes for various electric furnaces, support tubes, radiant tubes, gas injection tubes, gas sampling tubes, thermocouples for temperature measurement and protective tubes for various devices, and support jig materials.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Alumina, magnesia and spinel sintered bodies have excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, etc., and are cheaper and easier to handle than other ceramics. For a long time, high temperature components, heat treatment containers, setters, furnace tubes, temperature measuring instruments, etc. It is used in a wide range of protective pipes.
[0003]
In recent heat treatments of electronic materials and phosphor materials, including positive electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries, rapid heating and cooling are performed to minimize evaporation components and reduce composition fluctuations, and to increase production efficiency. Processing has been done. A heat-treating member made of a dense sintered body is excellent in corrosion resistance, but has a risk of cracking due to thermal shock at rapid temperature rise and fall. On the other hand, a heat-treating member made of a porous material has a higher thermal shock resistance than a dense member, but lacks airtightness, and the components in the heat-treating member are mixed as impurities in the heat-treated material. Changes in the composition of the material to be heat-treated due to reaction with the heat-treated material, and adsorption and reaction of the components evaporating from the material to be heat-treated by heat treatment to the heat-treating member, resulting in a decrease in corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, etc. The problem is occurring.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a porous ceramic heat treatment member having excellent thermal shock resistance.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, as a result of intensive studies in view of the above situation, the alumina, magnesia and spinel sintered bodies have a specific relative density, rounded pores, Heat treatment composed of alumina, magnesia and spinel sintered bodies with excellent thermal shock resistance by controlling the pore diameter and crystal grain size of the sintered body, and also controlling the ratio of pore diameter to crystal grain size The member for use was found. In the present invention, the thermal shock resistance means not only the occurrence of cracks due to rapid heating / cooling and the resistance to cracking, but also the durability due to repeated heating / cooling.
[0006]
The first of the present invention is an alumina porous sintered body having an Al 2 O 3 content of 95% by weight or more and an MgO content of 0.3% by weight or less, wherein (a) the pores are rounded. (B) the average pore diameter of 2 to 50 μm, (c) the average crystal grain diameter of the sintered body of 5 to 50 μm, (d) (average pore diameter) / (average crystal grain diameter) = 0. 1 to 6, (e) The present invention relates to a ceramic heat treatment member made of an alumina porous sintered body characterized by having a relative density of 80 to 95% of the sintered body.
[0007]
In the present invention, the pores are formed by organic substances such as organic spherical particles such as acrylic resin spherical particles and polysaccharide spherical particles as pore forming agents so as to have a predetermined relative density and pore diameter in the pulverized / dispersed slurry. It is necessary to use rounded particles. This pore-forming agent is added to ceramic powder, mixed and molded, and when this is fired, the organic pore-forming agent is burned out and pores remain as traces, so the pore shape is essentially a pore-forming agent. As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the pores are rounded, and the pores are substantially defined. It becomes independent. When the pore shape is not round, stress is easily concentrated on the pores when stress is applied to the sintered body, which is not preferable because the strength is lowered and the thermal shock resistance is lowered.
[0008]
In the present invention, the average pore diameter of (b) needs to be 2 to 50 μm, preferably 5 to 30 μm, more preferably 5 to 25 μm or less. When the average pore diameter is less than 2 μm, the effect of improving the thermal shock resistance due to pore formation is small, and when the average pore diameter exceeds 50 μm, the pores become continuous or the strength is lowered, which is not preferable.
The average pore diameter is obtained by mirror-finishing the sintered body, observing with a scanning electron microscope, measuring 100 pore diameters, and obtaining an average value: P.
[Expression 1]
Average pore diameter = 1.5 x P
Asking.
[0009]
In the present invention, the average grain size of the sintered body (c) needs to be 5 to 50 μm. When the average crystal grain size is less than 5 μm, not only the durability is lowered but also the corrosion resistance is lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 μm, the thermal shock resistance is lowered, which is not preferable. Preferably it is 10-40 micrometers. The average crystal grain size is obtained from the average of 10 points by the intercept method after mirror-finishing the sintered body, applying thermal etching, and observing with a scanning electron microscope. As a formula,
[Expression 2]
D = 1.5 × L / n
[D: average crystal grain size (μm), L: measurement length (μm), n: number of crystals per length L] are used.
[0010]
In the present invention, the average pore diameter / average crystal grain diameter of (d) needs to be 0.1 to 6, more preferably 0.2 to 5. When the average pore diameter / average crystal grain diameter is less than 0.1, the effect on the thermal shock resistance due to the presence of the pores is not preferable. On the other hand, when the average pore diameter / average crystal grain diameter exceeds 6, the pore diameter becomes too large compared to the crystal grain diameter, resulting in a decrease in strength and not only the thermal shock resistance but also the component of the object to be processed. Since erosion becomes large and corrosion resistance is lowered, it is not preferable.
[0011]
In the present invention, the relative density of (e) needs to be 80 to 95%, more preferably 85 to 90%.
When the relative density is less than 80%, the amount of pores increases, and the pores are connected to increase the pore diameter, resulting in a decrease in strength and a decrease in corrosion resistance. On the other hand, when the relative density exceeds 95%, the thermal shock resistance is lowered, which is not preferable.
[0012]
In the present invention, when the sintered body is an alumina sintered body, the alumina content needs to be 95% by weight or more. When the alumina content is less than 95% by weight, the amount of impurities contained in the alumina sintered body increases, the second phase and the glass phase formed by impurities at the grain boundaries increase, and only the corrosion resistance decreases. In addition, the mechanical properties, particularly the strength and toughness at high temperatures, are lowered, and as a result, the thermal shock resistance is lowered, which is not preferable. The alumina content is preferably 97% by weight or more, more preferably 99% by weight or more.
[0013]
In the case of the alumina sintered body of the present invention, it is necessary to contain 0.3% by weight or less of MgO with respect to the alumina sintered body. This has the effect of improving the sinterability and increasing the uniformity of the crystal grain size. Furthermore, when zirconia and MgO are contained simultaneously, strength deterioration under a reducing atmosphere can be suppressed. More preferably, the content is 0.25% by weight or less. When MgO is contained in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, the second phase tends to be precipitated at the alumina crystal grain boundary, and the thermal shock resistance and durability are inferior.
[0014]
The second of the present invention is a magnesia porous sintered body having an MgO content of 95% by weight or more, wherein (a) the pores are rounded, and (b) the average pore diameter is 2 to 2. 50 μm, (c) Average crystal grain size of sintered body 5 to 50 μm, (d) (Average pore diameter) / (Average crystal grain size) = 0.1 to 6, (e) Relative density of sintered body 80 to The present invention relates to a ceramic heat treatment member made of a magnesia porous sintered body characterized by being 95%.
[0015]
In the present invention, when the sintered body is a magnesia sintered body, the MgO content needs to be 95% by weight or more. When the MgO content is less than 95% by weight, the amount of impurities contained in the magnesia sintered body increases, the second phase and the glass phase formed by impurities at the grain boundaries increase, and only the corrosion resistance decreases. In addition, the mechanical properties, particularly the strength and toughness at high temperatures, are lowered, and as a result, the thermal shock resistance is lowered, which is not preferable. The magnesia content is preferably 97% by weight or more, more preferably 99% by weight or more.
[0016]
A third aspect of the present invention is a spinel porous sintered body having an Al 2 O 3 / MgO (weight ratio) of 60/40 to 80/20 and a total content of Al 2 O 3 and MgO of 95% by weight or more. And (a) the pores are rounded, (b) the average pore diameter is 2 to 50 μm, (c) the average crystal grain size of the sintered body is 5 to 50 μm, (d) (average pores) (Pore diameter) / (Average crystal grain size) = 0.1-6, (e) Ceramic heat treatment member comprising a spinel porous sintered body characterized by a relative density of the sintered body of 80-95% About.
[0017]
In the present invention, when the sintered body is a spinel sintered body, the Al 2 O 3 / MgO weight ratio needs to be 60/40 to 80/20, more preferably 65/35 to 75/25. In addition, the total content of Al 2 O 3 and MgO is 95% by weight or more, preferably 97% by weight or more, and more preferably 99% by weight or more. When the Al 2 O 3 / MgO weight ratio is less than 60/40, the amount of MgO crystals in the spinel sintered body is increased, and the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, particularly thermal shock resistance and thermal fatigue properties are reduced. If the Al 2 O 3 / MgO weight ratio exceeds 80/20, the amount of Al 2 O 3 crystals in the spinel sintered body increases, and the thermal shock resistance decreases due to the difference in thermal expansion between the spinel crystals and alumina crystals. In addition, the corrosion resistance is lowered, which is not preferable. When the total content of Al 2 O 3 and MgO is less than 95% by weight, the amount of impurities in the spinel sintered body increases, and the second phase and the glass phase formed by impurities at the grain boundaries increase. This is not preferable because not only the corrosion resistance is lowered, but also the mechanical properties, particularly the high temperature strength, is lowered, and the thermal shock resistance is lowered.
[0018]
Whether the sintered body of the present invention is alumina, magnesia or spinel, in the present invention, it is preferable to contain 5% by weight or less, more preferably 3% by weight or less of zirconia. The zirconia crystal grain size is preferably 0.5 μm or less.
Zirconia is important not only for improving the strength and toughness of the sintered body of alumina, magnesia or spinel, but also for improving the sinterability and making the microstructure with a small crystal grain size distribution. When the zirconia content exceeds 5% by weight, or when the crystal grain size exceeds 0.5 μm, the residual expansion due to the thermal expansion difference between zirconia and alumina, magnesia or spinel is caused by repeated heating and cooling. Cracks are generated in the sintered body, which is not preferable because it lacks durability.
[0019]
The heat-treating member excellent in thermal shock resistance of the present invention can be produced by various methods, and an example is shown below.
[0020]
The raw material powder preferably has a purity of 99% or more (in the case of spinel, the total weight of Al 2 O 3 + MgO is 99% or more), and the average particle diameter is 2 μm or less, more preferably 1.5 μm or less. When the average particle diameter exceeds 2 μm, there are many defects inside the sintered body, which is not preferable because mechanical properties such as thermal shock resistance are deteriorated.
[0021]
Moreover, it is preferable to use the powder produced by the liquid phase method as a zirconia raw material powder, and a specific surface area needs to be 5 m < 2 > / g or more, More preferably, it is 7 m < 2 > / g or more. Furthermore, a zirconium compound that becomes zirconia by firing can be used. When the specific surface area of the zirconia raw material powder is less than 5 m 2 / g, not only the dispersibility of the zirconia crystal particles decreases, but also the thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance decrease because the zirconia crystal particles present in the sintered body increase. Therefore, it is not preferable. Moreover, it is more preferable that 1-5 mol% of yttria is contained in zirconia.
[0022]
The total content of SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, Na 2 O and K 2 O contained in the sintered body is preferably 2% by weight or less, more preferably 1% by weight or less. It is necessary to be. If the amount of impurities exceeds 2% by weight, a large amount of the second phase and glass phase are formed at the grain boundaries and the high temperature characteristics are deteriorated.
[0023]
When adding zirconia to alumina, magnesia or spinel, mix with each raw material powder so that the zirconia content will be a predetermined amount, using water or organic solvent as a solvent, pot mill, attrition mill Grind, disperse, and mix with a pulverizer.
[0024]
The average particle size of the powder obtained as described above is required to be 1.5 μm or less, more preferably 1.0 μm or less. If the particle size is outside these ranges, the moldability is reduced, and not only the obtained sintered body has many defects, but also the sintered body having the microstructure of the present invention cannot be obtained, This is not preferable because the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are also lowered.
[0025]
When adding MgO to alumina, it may be added in the form of a magnesia compound such as hydroxide or carbonate during pulverization / dispersion / mixing, or a powder previously added to the alumina raw material powder may be used.
[0026]
When adopting a method such as press molding or rubber press molding as a molding method, a known molding aid (for example, wax emulsion, PVA, acrylic resin, etc.) is added to the pulverized / dispersed slurry as necessary, and a spray dryer or the like is added. It is dried by a known method to produce a molded powder, which is then molded. In addition, when adopting the casting method, a known binder (for example, wax emulsion, acrylic resin, etc.) is added to the pulverized / dispersed slurry as required, and the waste mud is cast and filled using a gypsum mold or a resin mold. Molded by casting or pressure casting. Furthermore, when adopting the extrusion molding method, the pulverized / dispersed slurry is dried, sized, and mixed with water and a binder (for example, methylcellulose) using a mixer to produce a clay, and then extrusion molding. To do. The molded body obtained as described above is fired at 1500 to 1800 ° C., more preferably 1600 to 1750 ° C., to obtain a sintered body.
[0027]
【Example】
The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereby.
[0028]
Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-20
When adding zirconia to alumina, magnesia or spinel powder with a purity of 99.5% and an average particle size of 2 μm, mix a predetermined amount of zirconia powder and grind, disperse and mix using water or ethanol as a solvent in a pot mill. Thus, a slurry was prepared. In addition, when magnesia was added to alumina, a predetermined amount of magnesium carbonate was blended, and the same manner as when adding zirconia powder was performed. As the pore forming agent, acrylic resin spherical particles or polysaccharide spherical particles were added and mixed so as to have a predetermined porosity and pore diameter.
[0029]
Further, the zirconia powder is a Y 2 O 3 are contained 1-5 mol%, a specific surface area of powder was used a 15 m 2 / g. The obtained slurry was cast using a plaster mold and fired at 1450 to 1800 ° C. to produce a square heat treatment container having a square of 100 mm on one side and a height of 50 mm. The sintered body characteristics of the obtained heat treatment container are shown in Tables 1 to 4. In order to investigate the thermal shock resistance of the obtained heat treatment container, 500 g of 40 mesh fused alumina powder was put into the obtained heat treatment container, and the lid was put into an electric furnace maintained at a predetermined temperature. , Held for 30 minutes, immediately taken out of the furnace, rapidly cooled at room temperature, and thermal shock resistance was evaluated by the presence or absence of cracks.
In the case of alumina, the presence or absence of cracks due to repetition at 600 ° C. under the same conditions as described above and in the case of magnesia and spinel at 500 ° C. was evaluated.
[0030]
Comparative Example 1 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of MgO content,
Comparative Example 2 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of Al 2 O 3 content,
Comparative Example 3 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of average crystal grain size,
Comparative Example 4 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of average pore diameter,
Comparative Example 5 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of the content and relative density of Al 2 O 3 and zirconia,
Comparative Example 6 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of average crystal grain size,
Comparative Example 7 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of relative density,
Comparative Example 8 has no pores and deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of relative density.
Comparative Example 9 has no pores and deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of relative density.
Comparative Example 10 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of MgO and zirconia content,
Comparative Example 11 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of average crystal grain size,
Comparative Example 12 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of relative density,
Comparative Example 13 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of MgO content and relative density,
Comparative Example 14 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of average pore diameter,
Comparative Example 15 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of Al 2 O 3 / MgO,
Comparative Example 16 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of the total amount of Al 2 O 3 and MgO,
Comparative Example 17 has no pores and deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of relative density and the like.
Comparative Example 18 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of the total amount of Al 2 O 3 and MgO,
Comparative Example 19 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of average crystal grain size,
Comparative Example 20 deviates from the requirements of the present invention in terms of Al 2 O 3 / MgO and average crystal grain size.
It is apparent that the heat-treating member of the present invention has excellent thermal shock resistance and durability.
[0031]
[Table 1]
[0032]
[Table 2]
[0033]
[Table 3]
[0034]
[Table 4]
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
The heat treatment member of the present invention is excellent in thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance, so that it is an electronic component material such as a piezoelectric material and a dielectric material, a positive electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery, a phosphor material and a ceramic material, and a single crystal. For growth crucibles, metal melting crucibles, furnace core tubes for various electric furnaces, support tubes, radiant tubes, gas blowing tubes, gas sampling tubes, thermocouples for temperature measurement and protection tubes for various devices, support jig materials, etc. Useful.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a microstructure photograph of one sample of a ceramic heat treatment member of the present invention, and FIG. 1B shows the pore distribution state of one sample of a ceramic heat treatment member of the present invention. Show.
Claims (4)
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| JP4560199B2 (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2010-10-13 | 株式会社ニッカトー | Ceramic heat treatment material with excellent thermal shock resistance |
| JP6067394B2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2017-01-25 | 東京窯業株式会社 | Firing jig |
| JP6025586B2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2016-11-16 | 東京窯業株式会社 | Setter manufacturing method |
| JP2016150989A (en) * | 2015-02-18 | 2016-08-22 | 日東電工株式会社 | Method for producing phosphor ceramic |
| JP7197610B2 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2022-12-27 | 京セラ株式会社 | ceramic member |
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| JPH0725604B2 (en) * | 1986-08-15 | 1995-03-22 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Ceramic porous molding |
| JPH0820186B2 (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1996-03-04 | 東芝セラミックス株式会社 | Heat treatment tool and manufacturing method thereof |
| JPH06321620A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1994-11-22 | Noritake Co Ltd | High toughness ceramic material |
| JPH07291715A (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1995-11-07 | Harima Ceramic Co Ltd | Spinel refractory brick |
| JPH11130523A (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 1999-05-18 | Toshiyuki Hashida | Calcium silicate complex sintered compact and its production |
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