JP4547525B2 - Zerumbon derivatives and process for producing the same - Google Patents
Zerumbon derivatives and process for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、芳香剤や医薬品の製造中間体として有用なセルンボン誘導体およびその製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、ゼルンボン誘導体の利用価値が高まってきている。ゼルンボンは式:
【化9】
で表される11員環の二重共役ケトンを含むトリエン骨格を有し、他の天然物には見られないユニークな骨格をもつ化合物で、ハナ生姜(Zingiber zerumbet Smith)の根茎から水蒸気蒸留により、乾燥重量あたり0.3〜0.4%の収率で得ることができる(北山ら、J. Org. Chem., 1999, 64, 2667-2672)。ゼルンボンはその反応性(北山ら、同上)が注目され始めただけでなく、ゼルンボンそのものの生理活性(大東ら、Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem., 1999, 63(10), 1811-1812)やその誘導体の興味深い生理活性が明らかとなってきており、本発明者らも、ゼルンボン誘導体の細胞性情報伝達阻害剤としての利用(特願2000−262891号)や芳香性物質としての利用(特願2000−350635号)について特許出願している。
ゼルンボンを出発物質としてさらにユニークな骨格へ誘導することは、新たな反応や生理活性物質、機能性物質の発見につながる可能性が増す。特に不斉点をゼルンボン骨格に導入することができれば、その利用価値がさらに広がることとなる。
例えば、不斉点のゼルンボン骨格への導入は、今なお合成化学者の研究標的である、制癌剤として知られるタキソール(taxol)の全合成に応用できる可能性がある。すなわち、多くの不斉点を有する多環式化合物タキソールの全合成を達成するには、可能な限り合成初期に不斉点を導入する方が一般的に有利と考えられる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、不斉点を多く含む有用なゼルンボン誘導体の合成に際し、可能な限り合成初期に不斉点をゼルンボン骨格に導入するためになされたもので、その目的の1つはゼルンボンのカルボニル基を還元したゼルンボンオールおよびそのエステル化物の光学活性体を効率よく得ることにある
また、本発明は、ゼルンボンオールにから、タキソールの前駆体となる可能性のある光学活性ジエポキシゼルンボンオールを効率よく得ることを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
ゼルンボンには不斉炭素原子がなく、本発明者らは、ゼルンボンのカルボニル基を還元して得られるゼルンボンオールを用いてゼルンボン骨格に不斉点を導入することを考え、鋭意研究を重ねた。その結果、まず、ゼルンボンオールを基質として、リパーゼの存在下、酢酸エステルをエステル化剤に用いて、効率的な動力学的トランスエステル化を行うことができ、光学活性ゼルンボンアセテートおよび光学活性ゼルンボンオールが得られることを見出した。
また、ゼルンボンオールを、チタン触媒の存在下、t−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド(TBHP)および光学活性酒石酸ジエチルを反応試薬として用いるシャープレス(Sharpless)酸化による不斉エポキシ化反応で、エナンチオかつジアステレオ選択的に5つの不斉点を同時に制御した不斉ジエポキシゼルンボンオールを合成でき、酒石酸ジエチルの光学活性体の種類を換えることによって2種類の不斉ジエポキシゼルンボンオールを作り分けることができることを見出した。さらに詳細には、シャープレス酸化は不斉エポキシドを容易にアキラル分子に導入できる最も重要な合成法の一つとして知られているが、アリルアルコール誘導体のシャープレス酸化によるエポキシ化では、チタン触媒を用いた場合、その立体化学は通常エリトロ選択性となる。また、ジアリルメタノール誘導体のシャープレス酸化によるエポキシ化では、ジエポキシ体が得られることはあるが、主生成物としてオールエリトロ(3つ酸素が全てシス)体を得る場合、ステップワイズに不斉補助基である酒石酸エステルの立体を交換する必要がある。しかし、本発明では、ゼルンボンオールのシャープレス酸化で、不斉補助基として1種類の光学活性酒石酸を用いただけで5点の不斉点を一挙に制御でき、ただ1つの5点不斉オールシスジエポキシ体が得られることが判明した。
さらに、これらの反応で得られる光学活性のゼルンボン誘導体は、文献未記載の新規化合物であることも判明した。
すなわち、本発明はこれらの本発明者らの新たな知見に基づいて完成されたものであって、
【0005】
(1)式:
【化10】
【化11】
で表される光学活性ゼルンボンオール、
(2)式:
【化12】
【化13】
で表される光学活性セルンボンアセテート、
(3)式:
【化14】
【化15】
で表される化合物またはそのエステル。
(4)エステルが、式:
【化16】
【化17】
で表される化合物である上記(3)記載のエステル、
【0006】
(5)ラセミ体ゼルンボンオールをリパーゼの存在下、非極性または中極性溶媒中で、酢酸エステルとのトランスエステル化反応に付すことを特徴とする上記(1)または(2)記載の化合物の製造法、
(6)酢酸エステルが酢酸ビニルである上記(5)記載の製造法、
(7)酢酸エステルが酢酸イソプロペニルである上記(5)記載の製造法、
(8)中極性溶媒中でトランスエステル化を行う上記(5)記載の製造法、
(9)溶媒がジイソプロピルエーテル(DIPE)およびテトラヒドロフラン(THF)から選択される上記(8)記載の製造法、
(10)リパーゼがAmanoAK(天野製薬製)またはMeito266(協同乳業社製)である上記(5)〜(9)いずれか1項記載の製造法、
(11)光学活性体ゼルンボンオールを、チタン触媒の存在下、t−ブチルヒドロペルオキシドおよび光学活性酒石酸ジエステルと反応させ、所望により、エステル化に付すことを特徴とする上記(3)または(4)記載の化合物またはそのエステルの製造法、および
(12)クロロベンゾイルエステル化する上記(11)記載の製造法を提供するものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
ゼルンボンオールおよびゼルンボンアセテートの不斉合成
本発明に従って、光学活性ゼルンボンオールおよびゼルンボンアセテートを合成するには、式:
【化18】
〔式中、〜はRまたはSいずれかの立体配置の結合を示す〕で表されるゼルンボンオールのラセミ体から出発する。このラセミ体アルコールはゼルンボンのLiAlH4(LAH)還元によって定量的に得られる。
この還元は、通常、非極性〜中極性の溶媒中、好ましくはトランスエステル化に使用する溶媒と同じ溶媒中、20〜40℃、好ましくは25〜352℃で、2〜10日間、好ましくは3〜7日間行う。
本発明においては、リパーゼ生体触媒を用いた動力学的トランスエステル化による光学活性分割をおこなう。これは、ラセミ体ゼルンボンオールをリパーゼの存在下、非極性または中極性溶媒中で、酢酸エステルとのトランスエステル化反応に付すことにより行うことができる。特に限定するものではないが、酢酸エステルとしては、酢酸の炭素数1〜4のアルキルまたは炭素数2〜4のアルケニルエステル、好ましくは、酢酸ビニル、酢酸イソプロペニル等が使用され、溶媒としては、中極性溶媒、好ましくは、ジイソプロピルエーテル(DIPE)、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)が挙げられる。
トランスエステル化反応は、通常、リパーゼ活性に最適な温度、例えば、25〜35℃で、所望の変換率が得られるまで、例えば、5時間〜10日間行われる。これにより、光学活性のゼルンボンアセテートと、光学活性のゼルンボンオールの混合物が生成し、これを、例えば、溶媒抽出、クロマトグラフィー等の公知の方法で分離、精製して所望の目的物を得る。
【0008】
さらに詳しくは、ジイソプロピルエーテル(DIPE)中、該ラセミ体のトランスエステル化を検討したところ、つぎのことが判明した。DIPEの誘電率の逆数は0.3付近にあり、反応の進行と選択性を同時にスクリーニングする場合に適した溶媒である。
(1)15種類のリパーゼを用い、酢酸ビニルの存在下、30℃にて12日間トランスエステル化を行い、その変換率をガスクロマトグラフィー(ガスクロマトグラフィー装置:ジーエルサイエンス製GC353、カラム:TC−1、カラム温度:140℃、検出器および注入温度:200℃、ゼルンボンオール保持時間:6.1分、アセテート保持時間:9.9分)で確認したところ、表1に示すごとく、市販のリパーゼ製剤AmanoGC、AmanoAK(天野製薬製)およびMeito266(協同乳業社製)に良好な反応活性が見出された。
【0009】
【表1】
【0010】
(2)上記3種類のリパーゼについて様々な溶媒存在下、ラセミ体のトランスエステル化を検討したところ、表2に示すごとく、溶媒としてDIPE、THFを使用した時が最もゼルンボンオールのトランスエステル化の選択性に優れていることが判明した。
【表2】
リパーゼではAmanoAKとMeito266が比較的選択性に優れ、特にTHFとAmanoAKを組合わせたとき、27.6と良好なE−値が得られる。ee(%)は光学活性キャピラリーカラムを用いて決定した(ガスクロマトグラフィー装置:ジーエルサイエンス製GC353、カラム:CPCD、カラム温度:120℃、検出器および注入温度:160℃、(R)−ゼルンボンオール保持時間:102.9分、(S)−アセトキジゼルンボンオール保持時間:121.0分)。
(3)2種類のリパーゼAmanoAKおよびMeito266を用い、4種類の溶媒中でゼルンボンオールのトランスエステル化の変換率の経時変化を比較したところ、非極性溶媒であるヘキサン中でトランスエステル化の反応速度が最も遅く、リパーゼを比較すると、Meito266を用いたときに全ての溶媒中で反応速度が速かった。非極性溶媒であるヘキサン中では一般的に立体選択性が悪いことが知られており、反応速度が速い酵素を用いるとトランスエステル化の立体選択性が下がることが予想され、反応速度の遅いAmanoAKと中極性溶媒であるTHFの組合せがトランスエステル化の選択性を最も向上させると考えられる。
(4)エステル化剤として、酢酸ビニルの代わりに酢酸イソプロペニルを用いた場合、Amano AK触媒下ではアセチル体の収率が低かったが、E−値が最高値の56と最高値を示した。エステル化剤として酢酸ビニルを用いるより酢酸イソプロペニルの方がより選択率が上がった理由は、酢酸ビニルの加水分解で生じるアセトアルデヒドがトランスエステル化の選択性に悪影響を及ぼすことが考えられる。
【0011】
得られた化合物の絶対配置を、>99%eeの(−)−ゼルンボンオールをシャープレス酸化に付して決定する。
すなわち、L−酒石酸ジエチル(L−DET)、チタンイソプロポキシド〔Ti(OPri)4〕およびt−ブチルヒドロペルオキシドを用いてラセミ体ゼルンボンオールをシャープレス酸化に付すと、(−)−(1R,2S,3R,10S,11R)−2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル−6−シクロウンデセン−1−オールが単一不斉化合物として得られる。一方、D−酒石酸ジエチル(D−DET)を使用すると、全く逆配置の化合物が得られる。そこで(−)−ゼルンボンオールを基質として、D−酒石酸ジエチル(D−DET)を使用すると、酸化は全く進行しなかったが、L−酒石酸ジエチル(L−DET)を用いると(−)−(1R,2S,3R,10S,11R)−2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル−6−シクロウンデセン−1−オールが得られた。これらの結果から、リパーゼ触媒、AmanoAK存在下、動力学的光学分割によって得られるゼルンボンオールの絶対配置はRと決定できる。
【0012】
シャープレス酸化による光学活性体ジエポキシゼルボンオールの合成
上記で得られた光学活性体ゼルンボンオールを、チタンイソプロポキシド〔Ti(OPri)4〕のようなチタン触媒の存在下、t−ブチルヒドロペルオキシドおよび光学活性酒石酸ジエステルと反応させ、所望により、エステル化に付すことにより、不斉補助基として1種類の光学活性酒石酸を用いただけで5点の不斉点を一挙に制御でき、ただ1つの5点不斉オールシスジエポキシ体が得られる。
この反応は、通常、メチレンクロライド、ヘキサン、ペンタン、ジエチルエーテルなどのような溶媒中、0〜−78℃、好ましくは−35〜−40℃にて、1〜94時間、好ましくは5〜20時間行う。
すなわち、反応式1:
【化19】
に従い、ゼルンボン1のLAH還元およびリパーゼを用いるトランスエステル化によって得られた光学活性ゼルンボンオール2をチタン触媒〔Ti(OPri)4〕、L−DET、TBHPと反応させると、オールシス配置(1R,2S,3R,10S,11R)の不斉ジエポキシゼルンボンオール3が、反応系中でモノエポキシ体を検出することなく得られる。D−DETを用いた場合はその対掌体4(1S,2R,3S,10R,11S)が得られる。
【0013】
この絶対配置は、例えば、反応式2:
【化20】
に従い、非対称アルコール、例えば、p−クロロベンゾイルエステルを合成し、その単結晶X線測定により決定できる。
【0014】
また、DET不斉補助剤なしで、上記反応式1の反応を行ったところ、完全にジアステレオ選択性のラセミ体ジエポキシゼルンボンオールが得られ、これらは通常のシャープレス不斉エポキシ化理論(Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation theory)と異なる反応機序で反応が進行していることを示唆している。
【0015】
このようにゼルンボンは、この化合物特有の極めて興味深い反応性を示し、5点の不斉をたった一つの反応系で完全に制御することができる。これは環状二重共役ケトンの反応に応用できると考えられる。反応式1における化合物3および4はキラルビルディングブロックとして期待されるとともに、金属補足剤など様々な活用が期待される。また、タキソール全合成の重要な合成中間体となる可能性がある。また、二重共役シクロトリエン骨格を有するセスキテルペンゼルンボンを基本骨格とした新たな化学の展開が期待される。
さらに、本発明で得られた化合物自体、木材や、果実等の芳香を有するところから、香料ないしは芳香剤としても利用できる。
【0016】
【実施例】
つぎに参考例および実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものでない。
参考例1
ゼルンボンの製造
沖縄県西表で栽培した花生姜(3年間生育)の根塊を、地上部が枯れはじめるころ(10〜11月)に収穫し、直接水蒸気蒸留した。この蒸留液中に結晶として析出した粗ゼルンボンを、ヘキサンから再結晶させて精製した。生根塊(11月収穫)約20kgから約80gの精製ゼルンボンが得られた。
【0017】
実施例1
(1)ゼルンボンオールの合成
窒素雰囲気下、氷−塩浴中で、200mL三口フラスコ中に乾燥THF30mLを入れ、そこにLiAlH4(LAH)0.70g(0.018モル)を加え撹拌し、予め真空乾燥を行ったゼルンボン1.0g(0.0046モル)を乾燥THFに溶解し、ゆっくりと滴下した後、3時間反応を行い、水50mLおよび2N H2SO4 10mLを加え反応を完全に停止させた。この反応混合液から、水に可溶なTHFをエバポレーターで除去し、その後酢酸エチル50mLで3回抽出を行って生成物を抽出した。有機相を50mLの重曹水で1回洗浄した後、50mLの飽和食塩水で3回洗浄し、乾燥硫酸マグネシウムを加えて乾燥した。この溶液を濾過後、減圧濃縮して結晶を生成させ、これをさらに真空乾燥し、ゼルンボンオールを収率100%(1.0g)で得た。
融点77.5-78.0℃.
1HNMR(CDCl3):δ1.08 (J=3.47), 1.44 (d), 1.67 (s), 1.82 (s, J=2.64Hz), 2.16 (dd), 4.64 (m, J=7.25Hz), 4.83 (d, J=4.83Hz), 5.22 (dd), 5.29 (s), 5.53 (s, J=7.26Hz), 5.60 (d, J=7,26Hz).
【0018】
(2)ゼルンボンオールのトランスエステル化
反応式3:
【化21】
に従い、アセチル化剤として酢酸ビニルを使用して、以下のとおり、ゼルンボンオールのトランスエステル化を行った。
スクリューキャップ付き50mL試験管内に、メスフラスコで厳密に調製した内部標準物質であるジフェニルエーテルの入った有機溶媒(ジイソプロピルエーテル、THF、酢酸エチル、ヘキサン)をそれぞれ10mL、水を100μl、上記(1)において合成したゼルンボンオールを20mg(0.091ミリモル)および酢酸ビニル0.93g(10.7ミリモル)を溶解し、リパーゼ(Amano AK Amano GC Meito 266)をそれぞれ250mg(溶媒にヘキサンを用いたときは酵素をそれぞれ500mg:酵素の凝集が激しいため)を加え、水浴中30℃で撹拌した。反応は、ガスクロマトグラフィー(ジーエルサイエンス製 GC−353:TC−1、カラム温度:140℃ 注入温度:200℃、検出器温度:200℃)を用いて追跡した。5日後、アセチル体の生成量が最高になったものをガスクロマトグラフィー(ジーエルサイエンス製 GC−353:CPCD、カラム温度120℃、注入温度:200℃、検出温度:200℃)を用いて不斉収率を求めた。その結果は、上記表2に示すとおりであった。また、上記したシャープレス酸化により、その絶対配置を決定したところ、回収したゼルンボンオールの絶対配置はR体であった。
【0019】
実施例2
ゼルンボンオールのトランスエステル化
アセチル化剤として、以下のとおり酢酸イソプロペニルを用いてトランスエステル化を行った。
スクリューキャップ付き50mL試験管内に、メスフラスコで厳密に調製した内部標準物質であるジフェニルエーテルの入ったTHFを10mL、水を100μl、実施例1(1)と同様にして合成したゼルンボンオール20mg(0.091mmol)、酢酸イソプロペニル0.93g(10.7mmol)を溶解し、リパーゼ(Amano AK、 Amano GC、 Meito 266)をそれぞれ250mgを加え、水浴中30℃で撹拌した。反応は、ガスクロマトグラフィー(ジーエルサイエンス製 GC−353:TC−1、カラム温度:140℃、注入温度:200℃、検出器温度:200℃)を用いて追跡した。その後、アセチル体の生成量が最高になったものをガスクロマトグラフィー(ジーエルサイエンス製 GC−353:CPCD、カラム温度:120℃、注入温度:200℃、検出器温度:200℃)を用いて不斉収率を求めた。その結果は表3に示すとおりであった。また、上記したシャープレス酸化により、その絶対配置を決定したところ、回収したゼルンボンオールの絶対配置はR体であった。
【0020】
【表3】
【0021】
実施例3
シャープレス・エポキシ化の一般的方法
上記反応式1に従い、チタンテトライソプロポキシド(Ti(OPri)4)644mg(2.27ミリモル)およびL−酒石酸ジエチル(L−DET)560mg(2.27ミリモル)の乾燥メチレンクロライド20mL中の混合液を−30℃で10分間撹拌し、これに、実施例1(1)と同様にして、ゼルンボン1から合成したゼルンボンオール2 500mg(2.27ミリモル)および2M t−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド(TBHP)2.3mL(4.60ミリモル)を添加した。得られた均質な溶液を密閉フラスコ中、−26℃で一夜保存した。エポキシ化反応の進行をTLCでモニターした。フラスコをドライアイス−エタノール浴(−30℃)に入れ、この溶液に10%酒石酸水溶液11.5mLを加えた。10分後、冷却浴をはずし、室温で1時間、水層が透明になるまで撹拌を続けた。この水溶液をエチレンクロライド30mLで3回抽出した。有機層を水30mLで1回、ついで食塩水30mLで3回洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウム上で乾燥した。これをロータリーエバポレーターで濃縮して無色の油状物を得た。この油状物には、その臭いからTBHPが残存していることが示されたので、エーテル30mLで希釈し、氷浴で冷却し、1N NaOH水溶液6.8mLを加えた。得られた2相混合液を0℃で30分間撹拌した。エーテル層を食塩水30mLで3回洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウム上で乾燥し、ロータリーエバポレーターで濃縮して透明な油状物を得た。この油状物をシリカゲル上でクロマトグラフィーに付し、ヘキサン−酢酸エチル(4:1)の混合液で溶出して(1R,2S,3R,10S,11R)‐2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル6−シクロウンデセン−1−オール3(229mg、収率40%)を得た。
[α]D (23.5℃)=-6.5 (EtOH, c=1.005).
融点118.0-119.0℃.
IR (KBr) 3512, 2924, 1458 cm-1.
1H NMR:δ 0.81 (s, 3H, CH3 at C9), 1.13 (s, 3H, CH3 at C9), 1.43 (s, 3H, CH3 at C2), 1.43 (dddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 5.61, 6.26, 9.57 Hz, H at C4), 1.67 (s, 3H, CH3 at C6), 1.92 (d, 1H, J = 13.85 Hz, H at C8), 2.08 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 3.63, 11.22 Hz, H at C5), 2.19 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 6.26, 7.60 Hz, H at C5), 2.24 (dd, 1H, J = 9.90, 13.85 Hz, H at C8), 2.32 (dddd, 1H, J = 5.28, 5.61, 7.60, 11.22 Hz, H at C4), 2.73 (d, 1H, J = 2.31 Hz, H at C10), 2.82 (dd, 1H, J = 5.28, 9.57 Hz, H at C3), 2.99 (t, 1H, J = 1.98 Hz, H at C11), 4.18 (s, 1H, H at C1), 5.14 (d, 1H, J = 9.90 Hz, H at C7).
13C NMR:δ 15.17 (CH3 at C6), 15.33 (CH3 at C2), 18.87 (CH3 at C9), 23.99 (C4), 28.38 (CH3 at C9), 33.64 (C9), 35.92 (C5), 38.73 (C8), 55.46 (C11), 56.21 (C3), 59.30 (C10), 59.95 (C2), 68.03 (C1), 122.73 (C7), 133.55 (C6).
HRMS m/z 計算値(C15H24O3):252.1725, 実測値:252.1728.
【0022】
実施例4
上記反応式2に従い、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、無水エタノール5mL中の(1R,2S,3R,10S,11R)‐2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル6−シクロウンデセン−1−オール3 300mg(1.20ミリモル)を、無水エタノール5mL中の水素化ナトリウム22.5mg(1.50ミリモル)撹拌懸濁液に10分間で滴下し、ついで、この混合物にp−クロロベンゾイルクロライド267mg(1.44)を滴下し、18時間撹拌した。この溶液に水50mLを注ぎ、エーテル30mLで3回抽出した。エーテル層を食塩水30mLで3回洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、ロータリーエバポレーターで濃縮して白色固体を得た。これをシリカゲル上でクロマトグラフィーに付し、ヘキサン−酢酸エチル(6:1)で溶出して(1R,2S,3R,10S,11R)‐2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル6−シクロウンデセニル p−クロロベンゾイルエステル5 (216mg、収率46%)を得た。
[α]D(23.5℃) = -18.3 (EtOH, c=1.010).
融点164.5−165.0゜C.
IR (KBr) 1720, 1595, 1275 cm-1.
1H NMR:δ 0.83 (s, 3H, CH3 at C9), 1.12 (s, 3H, CH3 at C9), 1.42 (dddd, 1H, J = 4.29, 5.93, 9.24, 10.22 Hz, H at C4), 1.52 (s, 3H, CH3 at C2), 1.73 (s, 3H, CH3 at C6), 1.98 (d, 1H, J = 14.52 Hz, H at C8), 2.17 (m, 1H, H at C5), 2.21 (m, 1H, H at C5), 2.28 (dd, 1H, J = 9.90 and 14.52 Hz, H at C8), 2.33 (dddd, 1H, J = 4.62, 5.94, 9.24, and 9.57 Hz, H at C4), 2.62 (d, 1H, J = 2.31 Hz, H at C10), 2.74 (dd, 1H, J = 4.29, 9.57 Hz, H at C3), 3.12 (t, 1H, J = 1.98 Hz, H at C11), 5.23 (d, 1H, J = 9.90 Hz, H at C7), 5.66 (d, 1H, J = 1.32 Hz, H at C1), 7.40 (d, 2H, J = 8.58 Hz, H at C3'), 7.80 (d, 2H, J = 8.58 Hz, H at C2').
13C NMR:δ 15.38 (CH3 at C6), 15.91 (CH3 at C2), 18.96 (CH3 at C9), 24.17 (C4), 28.66 (CH3 at C9), 33.68 (C9), 35.92 (C5), 38.82 (C8), 53.59 (C11), 56.03 (C3), 58.04 (C2), 60.04 (C10), 68.91 (C1), 122.79 (C7), 128.36 (C4), 128.72 (C3'), 130.93 (C2'), 133.84 (C6), 139.41 (C1'), 164.26 (C=O).
HRMS m/z 計算値(C22H27ClO4): 390.1598, 実測値:390.1584.
【0023】
実施例5
実施例3と同様にして、ただし、L−DETの代わりにD−DETを使用して(1S,2R,3S,10R,11S)‐2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル6−シクロウンデセン−1−オール4(収率35%)を得た。
融点125.012,5.5゜C.
[α]D(23.5℃)=+8.2 (EtOH, c=0.815).
IR (KBr) 3516, 2922, 1456 cm-1.
1H NMR:δ 0.83 (s, 3H, CH3 at C9), 1.12 (s, 3H, CH3 at C9), 1.43 (dddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 5.61, 6.26, 9.57 Hz, H at C4), 1.53 (s, 3H, CH3 at C2), 1.73 (s, 3H, CH3 at C6), 1.96 (d, 1H, J = 14.52 Hz, H at C8), 2.12 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 3.63, 11.22 Hz, H at C5), 2.19 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 6.26, 7.60 Hz, H at C5), 2.24 (dd, 1H, J = 9.90, 13.85 Hz, H at C8), 2.32 (dddd, 1H, J = 5.28, 5.61, 7.60, 11.22 Hz, H at C4), 2.73 (d, 1H,J = 2.31 Hz, H at C10), 2.82 (dd, 1H, J = 5.28, 9.57 Hz, H at C3), 2.99 (t, 1H, J = 1.98 Hz, H at C11), 4.18 (s, 1H, H at C1), 5.23 (d, 1H, J = 9.90 Hz, H at C7).
13C NMR:δ 15.20 (CH3 at C6), 15.37 (CH3 at C2), 18.92 (CH3 at C9), 24.03 (C4), 28.65 (CH3 at C9), 33.68 (C9), 35.96 (C5), 38.78 (C8), 55.49 (C11), 56.26 (C3), 59.34 (C10), 59.97 (C2), 68.09 (C1), 122.79 (C7), 133.59 (C6).
HRMS m/z 計算値(C15H24O3): 252.1725, 実測値:252.1721.
【0024】
実施例6
実施例4と同様にして、ただし、(1R,2S,3R,10S,11R)‐2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル6−シクロウンデセン−1−オールの代わりに(1S,2R,3S,10R,11S)‐2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル6−シクロウンデセン−1−オールを用い、(1S,2R,3S,10R,11S)‐2,3−10,11−ジエポキシ−2,6,9,9−テトラメチル6−シクロウンデセニル p−クロロベンゾイルエステル(収率64%)を得た。
融点156.0-157.0℃.
[α]D(23.5℃)=+22.0 (EtOH, c=0.087).
IR (KBr)、1H NMRおよび13C NMR スペクトルは化合物5と同じである。
HRMS m/z 計算値(C22H27ClO4) 390.1598, 実測値:390.1584.
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上記載したごとく、本発明は新規な不斉ジエポキシゼルンボンオールおよびそのエステルおよびそれらの製造法を提供するものであり、これらの化合物は光学活性合成中間体として、また、制癌剤タキソールの製造中間体や金属補足剤として、また、芳香剤としての活用が期待される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cerumbone derivative useful as an intermediate for producing fragrances and pharmaceuticals and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the utility value of zerumbone derivatives has increased. Zernbon is the formula:
[Chemical 9]
A compound having a triene skeleton containing a double-conjugated ketone of 11-membered ring represented by the formula and having a unique skeleton not found in other natural products, by steam distillation from the rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet Smith. In a yield of 0.3-0.4% per dry weight (Kitayama et al., J. Org. Chem., 1999, 64, 2667-2672). Zerumbon not only began to receive attention for its reactivity (Kitayama et al., Ibid), but also the biological activity of zerumbong itself (Daito et al., Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 1999, 63 (10), 1811-1812) and its derivatives. And the present inventors have also made use of zerumbone derivatives as cellular signal transduction inhibitors (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-262891) and as aromatic substances (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-). No. 350635) has been applied for a patent.
Inducing zerumbone as a starting material to a more unique skeleton increases the possibility of finding new reactions, bioactive substances, and functional substances. In particular, if an asymmetric point can be introduced into the zerumbone skeleton, its utility value will be further expanded.
For example, the introduction of asymmetric points into the zerumbone skeleton may be applicable to the total synthesis of taxol, a known anticancer agent, which is still a research target for synthetic chemists. That is, in order to achieve the total synthesis of the polycyclic compound taxol having many asymmetric points, it is generally considered advantageous to introduce the asymmetric points as early as possible.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to introduce asymmetry points into the zerumbone skeleton as early as possible when synthesizing useful zerumbone derivatives containing many asymmetry points, and one of the purposes is the carbonyl group of zerumbone. Further, the present invention is to efficiently obtain an optically active diepoxy zerumbone ol, which may be a precursor of taxol, from zerumbone ol. The purpose is to obtain.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
There is no asymmetric carbon atom in zerumbone, and the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research on the idea of introducing an asymmetric point into the zerumbone skeleton using zerumbone all obtained by reducing the carbonyl group of zerumbone. As a result, first, efficient kinetic transesterification can be performed using zelumbonol as a substrate and acetic acid ester as an esterifying agent in the presence of lipase. Optically active zerumbone acetate and optically active zerumbonol It was found that can be obtained.
In addition, zerumbonol can be enantiomerically and diastereoselectively produced in an asymmetric epoxidation reaction by Sharpless oxidation using t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and optically active diethyl tartrate as reaction reagents in the presence of a titanium catalyst. The ability to synthesize asymmetric diepoxy zerumbone ols in which five asymmetry points are controlled at the same time, and to create two different asymmetric diepoxy zerumbone ols by changing the optically active substance of diethyl tartrate. I found. More specifically, sharpless oxidation is known as one of the most important synthetic methods that can easily introduce asymmetric epoxides into achiral molecules. In epoxidation of allyl alcohol derivatives by sharpless oxidation, a titanium catalyst is used. When used, the stereochemistry is usually erythro-selective. Also, epoxidation of diallyl methanol derivatives by sharpless oxidation may give diepoxy isomers, but when all erythro (all three oxygens are cis) isomers are obtained as the main product, stepwise asymmetric auxiliary groups are used. It is necessary to exchange the solid of a certain tartaric acid ester. However, in the present invention, with the sharpened oxidation of zerumbon all, only one type of optically active tartaric acid can be used as an asymmetric auxiliary group, and five asymmetry points can be controlled at once, and only one five-point asymmetric all-cis group can be controlled. It was found that an epoxy body was obtained.
Furthermore, the optically active zerumbone derivative obtained by these reactions has also been found to be a novel compound not described in any literature.
That is, the present invention has been completed based on these new findings of the present inventors,
[0005]
(1) Formula:
[Chemical Formula 10]
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Optically active zerumbon all represented by
(2) Formula:
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An optically active cerumbone acetate represented by
(3) Formula:
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Or a compound thereof.
(4) The ester has the formula:
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The ester according to the above (3), which is a compound represented by:
[0006]
(5) A process for producing a compound according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the racemic zerumbone ol is subjected to a transesterification reaction with an acetate ester in the presence of lipase in a nonpolar or medium polar solvent. ,
(6) The production method according to the above (5), wherein the acetate ester is vinyl acetate,
(7) The production method according to the above (5), wherein the acetate ester is isopropenyl acetate,
(8) The production method according to the above (5), wherein transesterification is carried out in a medium polar solvent,
(9) The process according to the above (8), wherein the solvent is selected from diisopropyl ether (DIPE) and tetrahydrofuran (THF),
(10) The production method according to any one of (5) to (9) above, wherein the lipase is AmanoAK (manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical) or Meito266 (manufactured by Kyodo Dairies).
(11) The above (3) or (4), wherein the optically active substance zerumbonol is reacted with t-butyl hydroperoxide and an optically active tartaric acid diester in the presence of a titanium catalyst and, if desired, subjected to esterification And (12) a method for producing a chlorobenzoyl ester as described in (11) above.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Asymmetric synthesis of zerumbone ol and zerumbone acetate According to the present invention, to synthesize optically active zerumbone ol and zerumbone acetate, the formula:
Embedded image
[In the formula, ~ represents a bond having a configuration of either R or S]. This racemic alcohol is obtained quantitatively by LiAlH 4 (LAH) reduction of zerumbone.
This reduction is usually carried out in a nonpolar to medium polar solvent, preferably in the same solvent used for transesterification, at 20-40 ° C., preferably 25-352 ° C., for 2-10 days, preferably 3 Do for 7 days.
In the present invention, optically active resolution is performed by kinetic transesterification using a lipase biocatalyst. This can be done by subjecting racemic zerumbone ol to a transesterification reaction with an acetic acid ester in the presence of lipase in a nonpolar or medium polar solvent. Although it does not specifically limit, as an acetic acid ester, C1-C4 alkyl of acetic acid or C2-C4 alkenyl ester, Preferably vinyl acetate, isopropenyl acetate, etc. are used, and as a solvent, A medium polar solvent, preferably diisopropyl ether (DIPE), tetrahydrofuran (THF) may be mentioned.
The transesterification reaction is usually performed at a temperature optimum for lipase activity, for example, 25 to 35 ° C., for example, for 5 hours to 10 days until a desired conversion rate is obtained. This produces a mixture of optically active zerumbone acetate and optically active zerumbone ol, which is separated and purified by known methods such as solvent extraction and chromatography to obtain the desired product.
[0008]
More specifically, when the transesterification of the racemate in diisopropyl ether (DIPE) was studied, the following was found. The reciprocal of the dielectric constant of DIPE is around 0.3, and it is a suitable solvent for screening the progress of reaction and selectivity at the same time.
(1) Using 15 types of lipases, transesterification was performed at 30 ° C. for 12 days in the presence of vinyl acetate, and the conversion rate was determined by gas chromatography (gas chromatography device: GC353 manufactured by GL Sciences, column: TC- 1, column temperature: 140 ° C., detector and injection temperature: 200 ° C., zerumbon all retention time: 6.1 minutes, acetate retention time: 9.9 minutes). As shown in Table 1, commercially available lipase preparations Good reaction activity was found in AmanoGC, AmanoAK (manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical) and Meito266 (manufactured by Kyodo Dairies).
[0009]
[Table 1]
[0010]
(2) Regarding the above three kinds of lipases, the transesterification of racemates was examined in the presence of various solvents. As shown in Table 2, the selection of transesterification of zerumbone ol was the most when DIPE and THF were used as solvents. It turned out that it was excellent in property.
[Table 2]
In lipase, AmanoAK and Meito266 are relatively excellent in selectivity, and particularly when THF and AmanoAK are combined, a good E-value of 27.6 is obtained. ee (%) was determined using an optically active capillary column (gas chromatography apparatus: GC353 manufactured by GL Sciences, column: CPCD, column temperature: 120 ° C., detector and injection temperature: 160 ° C., (R) -Zernbon all retention time : 102.9 minutes, (S) -acetoxydizelbon ol retention time: 121.0 minutes).
(3) Using two types of lipases AmanoAK and Meito266, the time course of the conversion rate of zerumbonol transesterification in four types of solvents was compared. The slowest, when compared to lipases, the reaction rate was faster in all solvents when Meito266 was used. It is known that stereoselectivity is generally poor in hexane, which is a non-polar solvent, and it is expected that the stereoselectivity of transesterification will decrease when an enzyme with a high reaction rate is used. And THF, which is a medium polarity solvent, are considered to improve the transesterification selectivity most.
(4) When isopropenyl acetate was used in place of vinyl acetate as the esterifying agent, the yield of acetylated compound was low under Amano AK catalyst, but E-value showed the highest value of 56 and the highest value. . The reason why isopropenyl acetate is more selective than using vinyl acetate as an esterifying agent may be that acetaldehyde generated by hydrolysis of vinyl acetate adversely affects the selectivity of transesterification.
[0011]
The absolute configuration of the resulting compound is determined by subjecting> -99% ee (-)-zerumbonol to sharpless oxidation.
That is, when racemic zerumbonol is subjected to sharpless oxidation using diethyl L-tartrate (L-DET), titanium isopropoxide [Ti (OPr i ) 4 ] and t-butyl hydroperoxide, (−) − (1R , 2S, 3R, 10S, 11R) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6,9,9-tetramethyl-6-cycloundecen-1-ol is obtained as a single asymmetric compound. On the other hand, when D-diethyl tartrate (D-DET) is used, a compound having a completely reversed configuration is obtained. Thus, when (-)-zelumbonol was used as a substrate and D-diethyl tartrate (D-DET) was used, oxidation did not proceed at all. However, when L-diethyl tartrate (L-DET) was used, (-)-(1R , 2S, 3R, 10S, 11R) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6,9,9-tetramethyl-6-cycloundec-1-ol. From these results, the absolute configuration of zerumbonol obtained by kinetic optical resolution in the presence of a lipase catalyst and AmanoAK can be determined as R.
[0012]
Synthesis of optically active diepoxy zerbonol by sharpless oxidation The optically active zerumboneol obtained above was synthesized in the presence of a titanium catalyst such as titanium isopropoxide [Ti (OPr i ) 4 ], By reacting with t-butyl hydroperoxide and optically active tartaric acid diester and, if desired, subjecting to esterification, the use of one optically active tartaric acid as an asymmetric auxiliary group can control 5 asymmetry points all at once. Only one 5-point asymmetric all-cis diepoxy is obtained.
This reaction is usually carried out in a solvent such as methylene chloride, hexane, pentane, diethyl ether and the like at 0 to −78 ° C., preferably −35 to −40 ° C. for 1 to 94 hours, preferably 5 to 20 hours. Do.
That is, reaction formula 1:
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When the optically active zerumbone all 2 obtained by LAH reduction of zerumbone 1 and transesterification using lipase is reacted with titanium catalyst [Ti (OPr i ) 4 ], L-DET, TBHP, the all-cis configuration (1R, 2S , 3R, 10S, 11R) can be obtained without detecting the monoepoxy compound in the reaction system. When D-DET is used, the enantiomer 4 (1S, 2R, 3S, 10R, 11S) is obtained.
[0013]
This absolute configuration is, for example, reaction formula 2:
Embedded image
According to the above, an asymmetric alcohol such as p-chlorobenzoyl ester is synthesized and can be determined by single crystal X-ray measurement.
[0014]
Moreover, when the reaction of the above reaction formula 1 was carried out without using a DET asymmetric auxiliary agent, a completely diastereoselective racemic diepoxy zerumbone ol was obtained, which was obtained by ordinary sharpened asymmetric epoxidation. This suggests that the reaction proceeds by a reaction mechanism different from the theory (Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation theory).
[0015]
Thus, zerumbone exhibits extremely interesting reactivity unique to this compound, and the asymmetry of 5 points can be completely controlled by only one reaction system. This is considered to be applicable to the reaction of cyclic double conjugated ketone. Compounds 3 and 4 in Reaction Scheme 1 are expected as chiral building blocks and are expected to be used in various ways such as metal scavengers. It may also be an important synthetic intermediate for taxol total synthesis. In addition, new chemical developments based on sesquiterpene zerumbone having a double conjugated cyclotriene skeleton are expected.
Furthermore, since the compound itself obtained in the present invention has a fragrance such as wood or fruit, it can be used as a fragrance or a fragrance.
[0016]
【Example】
Next, although a reference example and an Example are given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not limited to these.
Reference example 1
Manufacture of zerumbone The root nodules of flower pods (grown for 3 years) cultivated in Iriomote Okinawa were harvested when the above-ground part began to wither (October to November) and directly steam distilled. Crude zerumbone precipitated as crystals in the distillate was purified by recrystallization from hexane. From about 20 kg of raw root mass (November harvest) to about 80 g of purified zerumbone was obtained.
[0017]
Example 1
(1) Synthesis of Zernbonol In an ice-salt bath under a nitrogen atmosphere, 30 mL of dry THF is placed in a 200 mL three-necked flask, and 0.70 g (0.018 mol) of LiAlH 4 (LAH) is added thereto, followed by stirring and vacuuming in advance. 1.0 g (0.0046 mol) of dried zerumbone is dissolved in dry THF and slowly added dropwise, followed by reaction for 3 hours, and 50 mL of water and 10 mL of 2N H 2 SO 4 are added to completely stop the reaction. It was. From this reaction mixture, THF soluble in water was removed by an evaporator, and then extracted three times with 50 mL of ethyl acetate to extract the product. The organic phase was washed once with 50 mL of sodium bicarbonate solution, then washed 3 times with 50 mL of saturated saline, and dried by adding dry magnesium sulfate. This solution was filtered and then concentrated under reduced pressure to form crystals, which were further vacuum-dried to obtain zerumbonol in a yield of 100% (1.0 g).
Melting point 77.5-78.0 ° C.
1 HNMR (CDCl 3 ): δ1.08 (J = 3.47), 1.44 (d), 1.67 (s), 1.82 (s, J = 2.64Hz), 2.16 (dd), 4.64 (m, J = 7.25Hz) 4.83 (d, J = 4.83Hz), 5.22 (dd), 5.29 (s), 5.53 (s, J = 7.26Hz), 5.60 (d, J = 7,26Hz).
[0018]
(2) Transesterification reaction formula 3 of zerumbonol:
Embedded image
In accordance with the above, zerumbonol was transesterified using vinyl acetate as an acetylating agent as follows.
In a 50 mL test tube with a screw cap, 10 mL each of an organic solvent (diisopropyl ether, THF, ethyl acetate, hexane) containing diphenyl ether, which is an internal standard strictly prepared in a volumetric flask, and 100 μL of water in the above (1) Dissolve 20 mg (0.091 mmol) of the synthesized zerumbonol and 0.93 g (10.7 mmol) of vinyl acetate, and add 250 mg of lipase (Amano AK Amano GC Meito 266) (when hexane is used as the solvent, the enzyme was added). 500 mg each (due to intense enzyme aggregation) and stirred in a water bath at 30 ° C. The reaction was followed using gas chromatography (GC Science, GC-353: TC-1, column temperature: 140 ° C., injection temperature: 200 ° C., detector temperature: 200 ° C.). Five days later, the product with the highest amount of acetylated product was asymmetrically analyzed by gas chromatography (GC Science, GC-353: CPCD, column temperature 120 ° C., injection temperature: 200 ° C., detection temperature: 200 ° C.). The yield was determined. The results were as shown in Table 2 above. Moreover, when the absolute configuration was determined by the above-described sharp press oxidation, the absolute configuration of the recovered zerumbone all was R.
[0019]
Example 2
Transesterification was performed using isopropenyl acetate as the transesterification acetylating agent of zerumboneol as follows.
In a 50 mL test tube with a screw cap, 10 mL of THF containing diphenyl ether, which is an internal standard strictly prepared in a volumetric flask, 100 μl of water, 20 mg (0.091 mmol) of zerumbone all synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 (1) ), 0.93 g (10.7 mmol) of isopropenyl acetate was dissolved, 250 mg of lipase (Amano AK, Amano GC, Meito 266) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 30 ° C. in a water bath. The reaction was followed using gas chromatography (GC Science, GC-353: TC-1, column temperature: 140 ° C., injection temperature: 200 ° C., detector temperature: 200 ° C.). Thereafter, the product with the highest amount of acetylated product was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC Science, GC-353: CPCD, column temperature: 120 ° C., injection temperature: 200 ° C., detector temperature: 200 ° C.). The simultaneous yield was determined. The results are shown in Table 3. Moreover, when the absolute configuration was determined by the above-described sharp press oxidation, the absolute configuration of the recovered zerumbone all was R.
[0020]
[Table 3]
[0021]
Example 3
General Method of Sharpless Epoxidation According to the above reaction formula 1, 644 mg (2.27 mmol) of titanium tetraisopropoxide (Ti (OPr i ) 4 ) and 560 mg (2.27) of diethyl L-tartrate (L-DET) Mmol) in 20 mL of dry methylene chloride was stirred at −30 ° C. for 10 minutes, to which 500 mg (2.27 mmol) of zerumbonol 2 synthesized from zerumbone 1 in the same manner as in Example 1 (1) and 2.3 mL (4.60 mmol) of 2M t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was added. The resulting homogeneous solution was stored at −26 ° C. overnight in a closed flask. The progress of the epoxidation reaction was monitored by TLC. The flask was placed in a dry ice-ethanol bath (−30 ° C.), and 11.5 mL of 10% aqueous tartaric acid solution was added to this solution. After 10 minutes, the cooling bath was removed and stirring was continued at room temperature for 1 hour until the aqueous layer became clear. This aqueous solution was extracted three times with 30 mL of ethylene chloride. The organic layer was washed once with 30 mL of water and then 3 times with 30 mL of brine and dried over sodium sulfate. This was concentrated on a rotary evaporator to give a colorless oil. The oil showed that TBHP remained from its odor, so it was diluted with 30 mL of ether, cooled in an ice bath, and 6.8 mL of 1N aqueous NaOH was added. The resulting two-phase mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes. The ether layer was washed 3 times with 30 mL of brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated on a rotary evaporator to give a clear oil. This oil was chromatographed on silica gel eluting with a mixture of hexane-ethyl acetate (4: 1) (1R, 2S, 3R, 10S, 11R) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy. -2,6,9,9-Tetramethyl 6-cycloundecen-1-ol 3 (229 mg, 40% yield) was obtained.
[α] D (23.5 ° C.) = − 6.5 (EtOH, c = 1.005).
Melting point 118.0-119.0 ° C.
IR (KBr) 3512, 2924, 1458 cm -1 .
1 H NMR: δ 0.81 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C9), 1.13 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C9), 1.43 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C2), 1.43 (dddd, 1H, J = 3.63 , 5.61, 6.26, 9.57 Hz, H at C4), 1.67 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C6), 1.92 (d, 1H, J = 13.85 Hz, H at C8), 2.08 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63 , 3.63, 11.22 Hz, H at C5), 2.19 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 6.26, 7.60 Hz, H at C5), 2.24 (dd, 1H, J = 9.90, 13.85 Hz, H at C8), 2.32 (dddd, 1H, J = 5.28, 5.61, 7.60, 11.22 Hz, H at C4), 2.73 (d, 1H, J = 2.31 Hz, H at C10), 2.82 (dd, 1H, J = 5.28, 9.57 Hz, H at C3), 2.99 (t, 1H, J = 1.98 Hz, H at C11), 4.18 (s, 1H, H at C1), 5.14 (d, 1H, J = 9.90 Hz, H at C7).
13 C NMR: δ 15.17 (CH 3 at C6), 15.33 (CH 3 at C2), 18.87 (CH 3 at C9), 23.99 (C4), 28.38 (CH 3 at C9), 33.64 (C9), 35.92 (C5 ), 38.73 (C8), 55.46 (C11), 56.21 (C3), 59.30 (C10), 59.95 (C2), 68.03 (C1), 122.73 (C7), 133.55 (C6).
HRMS m / z calculated value (C 15 H 24 O 3 ): 252.1725, measured value: 252.1728.
[0022]
Example 4
According to the above reaction formula 2, (1R, 2S, 3R, 10S, 11R) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6,9,9-tetramethyl in 5 mL of absolute ethanol at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere 300 mg (1.20 mmol) of 6-cycloundecen-1-ol3 was added dropwise over 10 minutes to a stirred suspension of 22.5 mg (1.50 mmol) of sodium hydride in 5 mL of absolute ethanol, To the mixture, 267 mg (1.44) of p-chlorobenzoyl chloride was added dropwise and stirred for 18 hours. To this solution, 50 mL of water was poured and extracted three times with 30 mL of ether. The ether layer was washed 3 times with 30 mL of brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated on a rotary evaporator to give a white solid. This was chromatographed on silica gel eluting with (1R, 2S, 3R, 10S, 11R) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6, eluted with hexane-ethyl acetate (6: 1). 9,9-tetramethyl 6-cycloundecenyl p-chlorobenzoyl ester 5 (216 mg, yield 46%) was obtained.
[α] D (23.5 ° C) = -18.3 (EtOH, c = 1.010).
Melting point: 164.5-165.0 ° C.
IR (KBr) 1720, 1595, 1275 cm −1 .
1 H NMR: δ 0.83 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C9), 1.12 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C9), 1.42 (dddd, 1H, J = 4.29, 5.93, 9.24, 10.22 Hz, H at C4) , 1.52 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C2), 1.73 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C6), 1.98 (d, 1H, J = 14.52 Hz, H at C8), 2.17 (m, 1H, H at C5 ), 2.21 (m, 1H, H at C5), 2.28 (dd, 1H, J = 9.90 and 14.52 Hz, H at C8), 2.33 (dddd, 1H, J = 4.62, 5.94, 9.24, and 9.57 Hz, H at C4), 2.62 (d, 1H, J = 2.31 Hz, H at C10), 2.74 (dd, 1H, J = 4.29, 9.57 Hz, H at C3), 3.12 (t, 1H, J = 1.98 Hz, H at C11), 5.23 (d, 1H, J = 9.90 Hz, H at C7), 5.66 (d, 1H, J = 1.32 Hz, H at C1), 7.40 (d, 2H, J = 8.58 Hz, H at C3 '), 7.80 (d, 2H, J = 8.58 Hz, H at C2').
13 C NMR: δ 15.38 (CH 3 at C6), 15.91 (CH 3 at C2), 18.96 (CH 3 at C9), 24.17 (C4), 28.66 (CH 3 at C9), 33.68 (C9), 35.92 (C5 ), 38.82 (C8), 53.59 (C11), 56.03 (C3), 58.04 (C2), 60.04 (C10), 68.91 (C1), 122.79 (C7), 128.36 (C4), 128.72 (C3 '), 130.93 ( C2 '), 133.84 (C6), 139.41 (C1'), 164.26 (C = O).
HRMS m / z calculated value (C 22 H 27 ClO 4 ): 390.1598, actual value: 390.1584.
[0023]
Example 5
As in Example 3, except that D-DET was used instead of L-DET, (1S, 2R, 3S, 10R, 11S) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6,9 , 9-tetramethyl 6-cycloundecen-1-ol 4 (35% yield) was obtained.
Melting point 125.012, 5.5 ° C.
[α] D (23.5 ° C) = + 8.2 (EtOH, c = 0.815).
IR (KBr) 3516, 2922, 1456 cm −1 .
1 H NMR: δ 0.83 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C9), 1.12 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C9), 1.43 (dddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 5.61, 6.26, 9.57 Hz, H at C4) , 1.53 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C2), 1.73 (s, 3H, CH 3 at C6), 1.96 (d, 1H, J = 14.52 Hz, H at C8), 2.12 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63 , 3.63, 11.22 Hz, H at C5), 2.19 (ddd, 1H, J = 3.63, 6.26, 7.60 Hz, H at C5), 2.24 (dd, 1H, J = 9.90, 13.85 Hz, H at C8), 2.32 (dddd, 1H, J = 5.28, 5.61, 7.60, 11.22 Hz, H at C4), 2.73 (d, 1H, J = 2.31 Hz, H at C10), 2.82 (dd, 1H, J = 5.28, 9.57 Hz, H at C3), 2.99 (t, 1H, J = 1.98 Hz, H at C11), 4.18 (s, 1H, H at C1), 5.23 (d, 1H, J = 9.90 Hz, H at C7).
13 C NMR: δ 15.20 (CH 3 at C6), 15.37 (CH 3 at C2), 18.92 (CH 3 at C9), 24.03 (C4), 28.65 (CH 3 at C9), 33.68 (C9), 35.96 (C5 ), 38.78 (C8), 55.49 (C11), 56.26 (C3), 59.34 (C10), 59.97 (C2), 68.09 (C1), 122.79 (C7), 133.59 (C6).
HRMS m / z calculated value (C 15 H 24 O 3 ): 252.1725, measured value: 252.1721.
[0024]
Example 6
As in Example 4, except that (1R, 2S, 3R, 10S, 11R) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6,9,9-tetramethyl 6-cycloundecene-1- (1S, 2R, 3S, 10R, 11S) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6,9,9-tetramethyl 6-cycloundecen-1-ol is used in place of all , 2R, 3S, 10R, 11S) -2,3-10,11-diepoxy-2,6,9,9-tetramethyl 6-cycloundecenyl p-chlorobenzoyl ester (64% yield) was obtained. .
Melting point 156.0-157.0 ° C.
[α] D (23.5 ° C.) = + 22.0 (EtOH, c = 0.087).
IR (KBr), 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra are the same as for compound 5.
HRMS m / z calculated (C 22 H 27 ClO 4 ) 390.1598, found: 390.1584.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention provides a novel asymmetric diepoxy zerumbone ol and esters thereof and a method for producing them, and these compounds are used as optically active synthetic intermediates and as well as the production of the anticancer agent taxol. It is expected to be used as an intermediate, metal scavenger, and fragrance.
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