JP4549124B2 - Motor control device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rectifier capable of performing a regenerative charging operation that converts an AC voltage obtained from an electric motor into a DC voltage and supplies the battery to the battery, and a regenerative charging operation that boosts a DC voltage obtained from the electric motor and supplies the battery to the battery The present invention relates to a motor control device including a voltage adjustment circuit capable of performing the above.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a bicycle with an electric motor is known in which an electric motor and a battery serving as a power source for the motor are mounted on a bicycle body that can be driven by human power to assist the driving force by human power (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
FIG. 23 shows a schematic configuration of a bicycle with an electric motor. As shown in the drawing, an electric motor (2) and a battery (3) serving as a power source for the motor are mounted on the bicycle body (1). Torque generated by depressing the pedal of the bicycle body (1) is detected by the torque sensor (11), and the detection signal is input to the controller (6). In the controller (6), a torque command corresponding to the input torque detection signal is created and supplied to the electric motor (2). As a result, the bicycle main body (1) is supplied with a motor output torque having a magnitude corresponding to the human power torque value in addition to the human power, thereby assisting the driving force by the human power.

In recent years, as an electric motor-equipped bicycle, development of an electric motor-equipped bicycle capable of setting a regenerative travel mode in which the electric motor is in a regenerative braking state has been underway (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).
The regenerative travel mode is set during downhill travel, and when the mode is set, the bicycle main body decelerates due to the regenerative braking force applied by the electric motor to the bicycle main body, and the electric power generated from the electric motor Is supplied to the battery to charge the battery.

FIG. 24 shows an example of the electrical configuration of a bicycle with an electric motor capable of setting the regenerative travel mode.
In the normal assist travel mode set when traveling on flat ground or uphill, the DC power from the battery (3) is converted into AC power by the inverter (62), and the AC power is supplied to the electric motor (2). Then, the motor (2) is driven.
The electric motor (2) is provided with three Hall elements (not shown), and three position signals obtained from these three Hall elements are supplied to a rotational speed / rotational position detection circuit (63). The rotation speed / rotation position detection circuit (63) detects the rotation speed and rotation position of the electric motor (2) based on the three position signals, and supplies these results to the control circuit (61).
In addition, the torque generated by stepping on the pedal is detected by the human torque sensor (11), and the magnitude of the output current of the electric motor (2) is detected by the motor current detection circuit (64). Is supplied to the control circuit (61).
In the control circuit (61), a PWM control signal is generated based on the rotation speed detection signal, the human torque detection signal and the motor current detection signal supplied as described above, and then the inverter (62) based on the PWM control signal. The switching signals for the six switching elements S1 to S6 constituting the circuit are created and supplied to the inverter (62).

On the other hand, in the regenerative travel mode, the AC voltage generated from the electric motor (2) is supplied to the inverter (62), converted into a DC voltage and boosted, and the resulting voltage is supplied to the battery (3). Thus, the battery (3) is charged.
The magnitude of the current flowing into the battery (3) is detected by the regenerative current detection circuit (65), and this result is supplied to the control circuit (61) and the detection result of the rotation speed / rotation position detection circuit (63) is It is supplied to the control circuit (61).
In the control circuit (61), after the PWM control signal is created based on the regenerative current detection signal, the rotation speed detection signal and the rotation position detection signal supplied as described above, based on the PWM control signal, the inverter (62) Switching signals for the six switching elements S1 to S6 are generated and supplied to the inverter (62).

  The control circuit (61) is connected to a brake lever (12) and an input / output device (13). The input / output device (13) includes various operation switches (not shown) and a display unit (not shown) for displaying the remaining amount of the battery (3).

The inverter (62) includes a pair of positive and negative series lines (62a) (62a) connected to both poles of the battery (3), and these series lines (62a) (62a) include four parallel lines (62b). ) (62b) (62b) (62b). Each of the three parallel lines includes a pair of switching elements (S1 and S2, S3 and S4, S5 and S6) connected in series with each other, and one capacitor C is interposed in one parallel line. One diode is connected to the source and drain of each switching element. The switching elements S1 to S6 are supplied with a switching signal from the control circuit (61), and each switching element is on / off controlled.
Three current lines (62c) (62c) (62c) are connected to the connection point of switching elements S1 and S2, the connection point of switching elements S3 and S4, and the connection point of switching elements S5 and S6. The end of the current line is connected to the U-phase winding, W- phase winding and V- phase winding of the electric motor (2). The motor current detection circuit (64) is interposed in the current line (62c) extending from the connection point of the switching elements S1 and S2.

In the regenerative travel mode, a voltage that changes as shown in FIG. 25A is induced in the three-phase winding of the electric motor (2). Each voltage waveform changes in a sine wave shape with 360 degrees as one cycle, and the three voltage waveforms have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other.
The control circuit (61) controls the regenerative charging operation of the inverter (62) by sequentially PWM controlling the three switching elements S1, S3 and S5 among the six switching elements constituting the inverter (62). The control circuit 61 generates six switching signals that change as shown in FIG. The switching signal for each of the switching elements S1, S3, and S5 is a rectangle in which 360 degrees is one cycle and is switched between high and low according to the PWM control signal for a period of 120 degrees, while it is low for the remaining 240 degrees. These three switching signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other. On the other hand, the switching signal for each of the switching elements S2, S4 and S6 is always low.

Period T1
In the period T1 shown in FIG. 26B where the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 26 is formed, and the switching element S1 is PWM-controlled. In this period T1, as shown in FIG. 25B, the switching elements S2 and S3 are always set to OFF. Therefore, when the switching element S1 is ON, the potential difference Ewu between the W-phase winding and the U-phase winding causes the W-phase winding, the diode D3, the switching element S1, and the U-phase winding as shown by the solid line in FIG. Current flows in the coil, and energy is stored in both windings. On the other hand, when the switching element S1 is OFF, current flows through the W-phase winding, the diode D3, the battery (3), the diode D2, and the U-phase winding, as indicated by the broken lines in the figure, and is stored in both windings. Energy is supplied to the battery (3).

Period T2
In the period T2 in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 27 is formed, and the switching element S1 is PWM-controlled. In this period T2, as shown in FIG. 25B, the switching elements S2 and S5 are always set to OFF. Therefore, when the switching element S1 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 27 due to the potential difference Evu between the V-phase winding and the U-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. On the other hand, when the switching element S1 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3).

Period T3
In the period T3 in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 28 is formed, and the switching element S3 is PWM-controlled. In this period T3, as shown in FIG. 25B, the switching elements S4 and S5 are set off. Therefore, when the switching element S3 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 28 due to the potential difference Evw between the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. On the other hand, when the switching element S3 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3).

In the period T4 to T6 shown in FIG. 25 (b), the operation for accumulating energy in the two-phase winding and the operation for supplying the energy stored in both windings to the battery (3) are performed in the same manner. Is done.
In the regenerative travel mode, the battery (3) is charged by repeating the above-described periods T1 to T6.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-19985 JP 2000-6878 A Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-337864

However, according to the applicant's research, it has been found that the regeneration efficiency is low in a conventional bicycle with an electric motor.
The objective of this invention is providing the motor control apparatus which can obtain regeneration efficiency higher than before.

Therefore, the applicant investigated the cause of the low regeneration efficiency in the conventional bicycle with an electric motor as follows.
For example, when the switching element S1 is set to ON during the period T1 shown in FIG. 25B, since the switching element S3 is set to OFF, the current passes through the diode D3 as shown by the solid line in FIG. When the element S1 is set to OFF, since the switching element S2 is set to OFF, the current passes through the diode D2 as indicated by a broken line in the drawing. Similarly, in the period T2 to T6, the current passes through the diode.
Since the current passes through the diode as described above, a large energy loss occurs and the regeneration efficiency is lowered.

  A first motor control device according to the present invention controls a rectifier that can perform a regenerative charging operation that converts an AC voltage obtained from an electric motor into a DC voltage and supplies it to a battery that is a power source of the motor. The rectifying device includes a plurality of switching elements and a plurality of rectifying elements that connect the sources and drains of the switching elements to each other. The control circuit controls a regenerative charging operation by sequentially turning on / off a plurality of switching elements included in the plurality of switching elements, and performs a single switching to control the regenerative charging operation. In the period in which the element is set on and / or the period in which the element is set off, at least one other switching element interposed in the current loop line formed in the period is set on.

  In the first motor control device according to the present invention, the period in which one switching element is set to ON and / or the period in which OFF is set to control the regenerative charging operation is formed in the period. At least one other switching element interposed in the current loop line is set to ON, and the current passes through the other switching element. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element is smaller than that of the rectifying element, the energy loss is smaller than that of the conventional motor control device in which the current passes through the rectifying element.

  Specifically, the plurality of switching elements constituting the rectifying device are composed of a plurality of switching element pairs connected in series with each other, and each of the plurality of switching element pairs is a pair of positive and negative electrodes connected to both electrodes of the battery. Are connected to a plurality of parallel lines connecting each other. The control circuit controls the regenerative charging operation by sequentially controlling on / off of one switching element of the plurality of switching element pairs, and includes one switching element for controlling the regenerative charging operation. During the period of turning on, one or more other switching elements interposed in the current loop line formed including the switching element are set on.

In the rectifier having the above specific configuration, when one switching element is turned on to control the regenerative charging operation, a current loop line is formed including the switching element. At this time, one or a plurality of other switching elements other than the switching element are interposed in the current loop line. On the other hand, when the one switching element is set to OFF, a current loop line is formed including the one or more other switching elements and the battery. At this time, a switching element paired with the one switching element is interposed in the current loop line.
Therefore, in the specific configuration described above, the period during which one switching element is set to ON in order to control the regenerative charging operation, as described above, includes one or more other elements interposed in the current loop line formed during the period. These switching elements are set to ON. As a result, the current passes through the one or more other switching elements, and the energy loss is reduced.

  More specifically, the control circuit sets the one or more other switching elements to ON during a period in which one switching element is set to OFF in order to control the regenerative charging operation.

  As described above, the current loop line formed when one switching element is turned off to control the regenerative charging operation includes the current loop line formed when the switching element is turned on. Alternatively, a plurality of other switching elements are interposed. Therefore, in the specific configuration described above, during the period in which one switching element is set to OFF in order to control the regenerative charging operation, one or more other switching elements are set to ON. As a result, the current passes through the one or more other switching elements, and the energy loss is further reduced.

  More specifically, the control circuit sets a switching element paired with the switching element to ON during a period in which one switching element is set to OFF in order to control the regenerative charging operation.

  As described above, a switching element that is paired with the switching element is interposed in a current loop line that is formed when one switching element is turned off in order to control the regenerative charging operation. Therefore, in the specific configuration described above, the switching element that is paired with the switching element is set to ON during the period in which one switching element is set to OFF in order to control the regenerative charging operation. As a result, the current passes through the switching element, and the energy loss is further reduced.

  Furthermore, in a specific configuration, the control circuit determines a logic circuit that creates a plurality of switching signals for each of the plurality of switching elements that constitute the rectifier, and a phase of the PWM control signal and the plurality of switching signals. And a signal processing circuit that generates a plurality of phase signals to be supplied and supplies the phase signals to the logic circuit. The logic circuit includes a PWM input terminal to which the PWM control signal is to be input, a plurality of phase signal input terminals to which the plurality of phase signals are to be input, and a plurality of switching elements respectively connected to the plurality of switching elements. A switching output terminal and the same number of AND elements as the switching element pairs constituting the plurality of switching elements, and the phase of a switching signal for the PWM input terminal and the one switching element of each switching element pair A phase signal input terminal to which a phase signal to be determined is input is connected to two input terminals of one AND element, and an output terminal of the AND element is connected to the one switching element Connected to the switching output terminal. The phase signal input terminal to which the phase signal that determines the phase of the switching signal with respect to the other switching element of each switching element pair is input is connected to the switching output terminal connected to the switching element. .

  In the above specific configuration, a plurality of switching signals created by a logic circuit are supplied to a plurality of switching elements of the rectifier, respectively, and each switching element is turned on / off to electrically drive a rectangular wave driving voltage. It is possible to realize a rectangular wave drive that is applied to a motor to drive the motor.

  Furthermore, in another specific configuration, the control circuit includes a logic circuit that generates a plurality of switching signals for each of the plurality of switching elements constituting the rectifier, a PWM control signal, and the plurality of switching signals. And a signal processing circuit for generating a plurality of phase signals for determining the phase and supplying the phase signals to the logic circuit. The logic circuit includes a PWM input terminal to which the PWM control signal is to be input, a plurality of phase signal input terminals to which the plurality of phase signals are to be input, and a plurality of switching elements respectively connected to the plurality of switching elements. A switching output terminal; the same number of input terminal side AND elements as the switching element pairs constituting the plurality of switching elements; the same number of output terminal side AND elements as the switching element pairs; and the same number of negation as the switching element pairs. The PWM input terminal and a phase signal input terminal to which a phase signal that determines the phase of the switching signal with respect to the one switching element of each pair of switching elements is input. It is connected to two input terminals of the terminal side AND element, and the output terminal of the AND element is the one of the switching elements. It is connected to an input terminal of one negative element is connected to a switching output terminal connected to the child. The output terminal of the negation element and the phase signal input terminal to which the phase signal that determines the phase of the switching signal with respect to the other switching element of each pair of switching elements is to be input into one output terminal side logical product. Connected to the two input terminals of the element, the output terminal of the AND element is connected to the switching output terminal connected to the other switching element.

  In the above specific configuration, a plurality of switching signals created by a logic circuit are supplied to a plurality of switching elements of the rectifier, respectively, and each switching element is turned on / off to electrically drive a rectangular wave driving voltage. It is possible to realize a rectangular wave drive that is applied to a motor to drive the motor.

A second motor control device according to the present invention controls a voltage adjustment circuit capable of performing a regenerative charging operation for boosting a DC voltage obtained from an electric motor and supplying the boosted voltage to a battery serving as a power source of the motor, and the voltage adjustment circuit A control circuit, the voltage adjustment circuit,
A first switching element interposed in a parallel line connecting a pair of positive and negative series lines extending from both poles of the electric motor to both poles of the battery;
A second switching element interposed on the battery side of the parallel line of at least one of the pair of series lines;
And a rectifying element that connects the source and drain of the second switching element to each other. The control circuit sets the second switching element on during the period in which the first switching element is set off.

  In the voltage regulator circuit of the second motor control device according to the present invention, when the first switching element is set to ON, a current loop line is formed including the first switching element, while the first switching element is When the element is set off, a current loop line is formed including the second switching element and the battery. Therefore, during the period in which the first switching element is set to OFF, the second switching element is set to ON, whereby current passes through the second switching element. At this time, since the switching element has a smaller resistance than the rectifying element, the energy loss is smaller than that of the motor control device in which the current passes through the rectifying element.

  According to the first and second motor control devices according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the energy loss and improve the regeneration efficiency.

Hereinafter, the embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a bicycle with an electric motor will be specifically described based on three examples.
First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a bicycle with an electric motor of this embodiment. A bicycle main body (1) includes an electric motor (2) composed of a brushless motor and a battery (a power source of the motor). 3) is installed.
The electric motor-equipped bicycle can switch a traveling mode between a normal assist traveling mode and a regenerative traveling mode in which the electric motor (2) is set to a regenerative braking state. Torque generated by depressing the pedal of the main body (1) is detected by the human power torque sensor (11), and the detection signal is input to the controller (4). In the controller (4), a torque command corresponding to the input torque detection signal is created and supplied to the electric motor (2). As a result, the bicycle main body (1) is supplied with a motor output torque having a magnitude corresponding to the human power torque value in addition to the human power, thereby assisting the driving force by the human power.
On the other hand, in the regenerative running mode, the bicycle main body (1) is decelerated by applying a regenerative braking force by the electric motor (2) to the bicycle main body (1), and the electric power generated from the electric motor (2) is supplied to the battery. The battery (3) is charged by being supplied to (3).

FIG. 2 shows an electrical configuration of the electric motor-equipped bicycle.
In the assist travel mode, DC power from the battery (3) is converted into AC power by the inverter (42), and the AC power is supplied to the electric motor (2) to drive the motor (2).
The electric motor (2) is provided with three Hall elements (not shown), and three position signals obtained from these three Hall elements are supplied to the rotational speed / rotational position detection circuit (43). The rotation speed / rotation position detection circuit (43) detects the rotation speed and rotation position of the electric motor (2) based on the three position signals, and supplies these results to the microcomputer (40).
The torque generated by depressing the pedal is detected by the human-power torque sensor (11), and the magnitude of the output current of the electric motor (2) is detected by the motor current detection circuit (44). Is supplied to the microcomputer (40).
In the microcomputer (40), switching for the six switching elements S1 to S6 constituting the PWM control signal and the inverter (42) based on the rotation speed detection signal, the human power torque detection signal and the motor current detection signal supplied as described above. Six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 that determine the phase of the signal are created and supplied to the logic gate circuit (41). In the logic gate circuit (41), switching signals for the six switching elements S1 to S6 are created from the supplied signal and supplied to the inverter (42).

On the other hand, in the regenerative travel mode, the AC voltage generated from the electric motor (2) is supplied to the inverter (42), converted into a DC voltage and boosted, and the resulting voltage is supplied to the battery (3). Thus, the battery (3) is charged.
The magnitude of the current flowing into the battery (3) is detected by the regenerative current detection circuit (45), and this result is supplied to the microcomputer (40) and the detection result of the rotation speed / rotation position detection circuit (43) is Supplied to the microcomputer (40).
In the microcomputer (40), a PWM control signal and six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 are created based on the regenerative current detection signal, the rotation speed detection signal and the rotation position detection signal supplied as described above. It is supplied to the logic gate circuit (41). In the logic gate circuit (41), switching signals for the six switching elements S1 to S6 constituting the inverter (42) are created based on the supplied signal and supplied to the inverter (42).

  The microcomputer (40) is connected with a brake lever (12) and an input / output device (13). The input / output device (13) includes various operation switches (not shown) and a display unit (not shown) for displaying the remaining amount of the battery (3).

  The inverter (42) has the same configuration as the conventional inverter (62) shown in FIG. 24, and includes six switching elements S1 to S6, six diodes D1 to D6, and one capacitor C. It has. The six switching elements S1 to S6 are supplied with a switching signal from the logic gate circuit (41), and each switching element is on / off controlled.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the logic gate circuit (41) includes a PWM input terminal (411) to which the PWM control signal generated by the microcomputer (40) is input, the six phase signals H1 to H3, Six phase signal input terminals (412a) to (412f) to which L1 to L3 are to be respectively input and six switching output terminals (413a) to (413a) to (412) connected to the switching elements S1 to S6 of the inverter (42), respectively. 413f) and three AND elements (414a) to (414c). Hereinafter, the three phase signals that determine the phase of the switching signal for each of the switching elements S1, S3, and S5 are referred to as a first high-side phase signal H1, a second high-side phase signal H2, and a third high-side phase, respectively. The three phase signals referred to as signal H3, which determine the phase of the switching signal for each of the switching elements S2, S4 and S6, are the first low side phase signal L1, the second low side phase signal L2, and the third low side phase, respectively. This is referred to as signal L3.

The PWM input terminal (411) and the phase signal input terminal (412a) to which the first high-side phase signal H1 is to be input are connected to the two input terminals of the first AND element (414a), and the AND element (414a) The output terminal is connected to a switching output terminal (413a) connected to the switching element S1. The phase signal input terminal (412b) to which the first low-side phase signal L1 is input is connected to a switching output terminal (413b) connected to the switching element S2.
The PWM input terminal (411) and the phase signal input terminal (412c) to which the second high-side phase signal H2 is to be input are connected to two input terminals of the second AND element (414b), and the AND element ( The output terminal of 414b) is connected to the switching output terminal (413c) connected to the switching element S3. The phase signal input terminal (412d) to which the second low-side phase signal L2 is input is connected to a switching output terminal (413d) connected to the switching element S4.
Further, the PWM input terminal (411) and the phase signal input terminal (412e) to which the third high-side phase signal H3 is to be inputted are connected to two input terminals of the third AND element (414c), and the AND element ( The output terminal of 414c) is connected to the switching output terminal (413e) connected to the switching element S5. The phase signal input terminal (412f) to which the third low-side phase signal L3 is to be input is connected to the switching output terminal (413f) connected to the switching element S6.

  In the assist travel mode, the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM control signal and six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 that change as shown in FIG. 4B. The PWM control signal is a rectangular wave that switches between high and low. Each of the first to third high-side phase signals H1 to H3 is a rectangular wave that is high only for a period of 120 degrees with 360 degrees as one cycle, and these three high-side phase signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees with respect to each other. Have. Each of the first to third low-side phase signals L1 to L3 is also a rectangular wave that is high only for a period of 120 degrees with 360 degrees as one cycle, and these three low-side phase signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other. Both the first high-side phase signal H1 and the first low-side phase signal L1, the second high-side phase signal H2 and the second low-side phase signal L2, and the third high-side phase signal H3 and the third low-side phase signal L3. Have a phase difference of 180 degrees from each other.

  The PWM control signal and the six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 are input to the logic gate circuit (41). In the logic gate circuit (41), six switching signals changing as shown in FIG. Created. The switching signal for each of the switching elements S1, S3, and S5 is switched to high and low according to the PWM control signal for a period of 120 degrees (hereinafter referred to as PWM period) with 360 degrees as one cycle, while the remaining 240 degrees This period is a rectangular wave that is low, and these three switching signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other. In contrast, the switching signal for each of the switching elements S2, S4, and S6 is a rectangular wave that is high only for a period of 120 degrees with 360 degrees as one cycle, and these three switching signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees with respect to each other. have. Then, the PWM period of the switching signal for the switching element S1, the high period of the switching signal for the switching element S2, the PWM period of the switching signal for the switching element S3, the high period of the switching signal for the switching element S4, and the PWM of the switching signal for the switching element S5. The period and the high period of the switching signal for the switching element S6 are shifted from each other by 180 degrees.

The above six switching signals are supplied to the switching elements S1 to S6, respectively, and each switching element is on / off controlled. As a result, a driving voltage that changes as shown in FIG. 4A is applied to the three-phase winding of the electric motor (2). Each voltage waveform is a rectangular wave having a 120-degree energization period in which a positive voltage is applied and a 120-degree energization period in which a negative voltage is applied, with 360 degrees as one cycle. It has a phase difference of 120 degrees.
In the assist travel mode, as described above, the electric motor (2) is driven by the 120-degree rectangular wave driving method in which the motor is driven by applying the rectangular-wave driving voltage having a 120-degree energization period to the motor. become.

On the other hand, in the regenerative travel mode, a voltage that changes as shown in FIG. 5A is induced in the three-phase winding of the electric motor (2). Each voltage waveform changes in a sine wave shape with 360 degrees as one cycle, and the three voltage waveforms have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other.
The microcomputer (40) controls the regenerative charging operation of the inverter (42) by sequentially PWM controlling the three switching elements S1, S3 and S5 among the six switching elements constituting the inverter (42). The microcomputer 40 generates PWM control signals and six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 that change as shown in FIG. The PWM control signal is a rectangular wave that switches between high and low. Each of the first to third high-side phase signals H1 to H3 is a rectangular wave that is high only for a period of 120 degrees with 180 degrees as one cycle, and these three high-side phase signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees with respect to each other. Have. The first to third low-side phase signals L1 to L3 are always low.

  The PWM control signal and the six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 are input to the logic gate circuit (41). In the logic gate circuit (41), six switching signals changing as shown in FIG. Created. The switching signal for each of the switching elements S1, S3, and S5 is a rectangle that switches to high and low according to the PWM control signal for a period of 120 degrees, with 180 degrees as one cycle, and low for the remaining 60 degrees. These three switching signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other. On the other hand, the switching signals for the switching elements S2, S4 and S6 are always low.

Period T1
In the period T1 in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 6 is formed, and the switching element S1 is PWM-controlled. In this period T1, as shown in FIG. 5C, the same signal as the switching signal for the switching element S1 is supplied to the switching element S3. The switching element S3 is turned on when the switching element S1 is turned on. When the element S1 is off, it is set to off. The switching element S2 is always set to off.
Therefore, when the switching element S1 is ON, the potential difference Ewu between the W-phase winding and the U-phase winding causes the W-phase winding, the switching element S3, the switching element S1, and the U-phase winding as shown by the solid line in FIG. Current flows through the wire and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S3 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D3, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D3.
On the other hand, when the switching element S1 is OFF, current flows through the W-phase winding, the diode D3, the battery (3), the diode D2, and the U-phase winding, as indicated by the broken lines in the figure, and is stored in both windings. Energy is supplied to the battery (3).

Period T2
During the period T2 in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 7 is formed, and the switching element S1 is PWM-controlled. In this period T2, as shown in FIG. 5C, the same signal as the switching signal for the switching element S1 is supplied to the switching element S5. The switching element S5 is turned on when the switching element S1 is turned on. When the element S1 is off, it is set to off. The switching element S2 is always set to off.
Therefore, when the switching element S1 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 7 due to the potential difference Evu between the V-phase winding and the U-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S5 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D5, the energy loss is smaller than that of the conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D5.
On the other hand, when the switching element S1 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3).

Period T3
In the period T3 in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 8 is formed, and the switching element S3 is PWM-controlled. In this period T3, as shown in FIG. 5C, the same signal as the switching signal for the switching element S3 is supplied to the switching element S5. The switching element S5 is turned on when the switching element S3 is turned on. When the element S3 is off, it is set to off. The switching element S4 is always set to off.
Therefore, when the switching element S3 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 8 due to the potential difference Evw between the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S5 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D5, the energy loss is smaller than that of the conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D5.
On the other hand, when the switching element S3 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3).

Period T4
W-phase voltage is the lowest, and the U-phase voltage is the highest period T 4, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 9 is formed, the switching element S3 is PWM controlled. In this period T 4, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the same signal as the switching signal to the switching element S3 is supplied to the switching element S1, the switching element S1 is turned on when the switching element S3 is turned on, When the switching element S3 is off, it is set to off. The switching element S4 is always set to off.
Therefore, when the switching element S3 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 9 due to the potential difference Euw between the U-phase winding and the W-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S1 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D1, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D1.
On the other hand, when the switching element S3 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3).

Period T5
In the period T5 in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the U-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 10 is formed, and the switching element S5 is PWM-controlled. In this period T5, as shown in FIG. 5C, the same signal as the switching signal for the switching element S5 is supplied to the switching element S1, and the switching element S1 is turned on when the switching element S5 is turned on. When the element S5 is off, it is set to off. The switching element S6 is always set to off.
Therefore, when the switching element S5 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 10 due to the potential difference Euv between the U-phase winding and the V-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S1 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D1, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D1.
On the other hand, when the switching element S5 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3).

Period T6
In the period T6 in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 11 is formed, and the switching element S5 is PWM-controlled. In this period T6, as shown in FIG. 5C, the same signal as the switching signal for the switching element S5 is supplied to the switching element S3, and the switching element S3 is turned on when the switching element S5 is turned on. When the element S5 is off, it is set to off. The switching element S6 is always set to off.
Therefore, when the switching element S5 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 11 due to the potential difference Ewv between the W-phase winding and the V-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S3 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D3, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D3.
On the other hand, when the switching element S5 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3).
In the regenerative travel mode, the battery (3) is charged by repeating the above-described periods T1 to T6.

  In the bicycle with an electric motor of this embodiment, energy loss is reduced when the switching elements S1, S3, and S5 are turned on by PWM control as described above, so that the regeneration efficiency is higher than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor. Is obtained.

Second Embodiment The configuration and operation of the electric motor-equipped bicycle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the electric motor-equipped bicycle of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, except for the microcomputer and the logic gate circuit.
FIG. 12 shows the configuration of the logic gate circuit (46) of this embodiment. The logic gate circuit (46) has a PWM input terminal (461) to which a PWM control signal created by a microcomputer is to be input. 6 phase signals H1 to H3 and 6 phase signal input terminals (462a) to (462f) to which the phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 are respectively input, and 6 connected to the switching elements S1 to S6 of the inverter (42), respectively. Switching output terminals (463a) to (463f), three input terminal side AND elements (464a) to (464c), three output terminal side AND elements (466a) to (466c), and three NOT elements ( 465a) to (465c).

  The PWM input terminal (461) and the phase signal input terminal (462a) to which the first high-side phase signal H1 is input are connected to two input terminals of the first input terminal side AND element (464a), and the AND element The output terminal of (464a) is connected to the switching output terminal (463a) connected to the switching element S1 and to the input terminal of the first NOT element (465a). The output terminal of the first NOT element (465a) and the phase signal input terminal (462b) to which the first low-side phase signal L1 is to be input are connected to the two input terminals of the first output terminal side AND element (466a). The output terminal of the AND element (466a) is connected to the switching output terminal (463b) connected to the switching element S2.

  The PWM input terminal (461) and the phase signal input terminal (462c) to which the second high side phase signal H2 is to be input are connected to two input terminals of the second input terminal side AND element (464b), The output terminal of the AND element (464b) is connected to the switching output terminal (463c) connected to the switching element S3 and to the input terminal of the second NOT element (465b). The output terminal of the second NOT element (465b) and the phase signal input terminal (462d) to which the second low-side phase signal L2 is input are connected to two input terminals of the second output terminal side AND element (466b), The output terminal of the AND element (466b) is connected to the switching output terminal (463d) connected to the switching element S4.

  Furthermore, the PWM input terminal (461) and the phase signal input terminal (462e) to which the third high-side phase signal H3 is input are connected to two input terminals of the third input terminal side AND element (464c), The output terminal of the AND element (464c) is connected to the switching output terminal (463e) connected to the switching element S5 and to the input terminal of the third NOT element (465c). The output terminal of the third NOT element (465c) and the phase signal input terminal (462f) to which the third low-side phase signal L3 is input are connected to two input terminals of the third output terminal side AND element (466c), The output terminal of the AND element (466c) is connected to the switching output terminal (463f) connected to the switching element S6.

In the assist travel mode, as shown in FIG. 13B, the microcomputer generates the same PWM control signal and six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 as those in the first embodiment and supplies them to the logic gate circuit (46). In the logic gate circuit (46), the same six switching signals as in the first embodiment are generated as shown in FIG. These switching signals are supplied to the switching elements S1 to S6, respectively, and each switching element is on / off controlled. As a result, the same rectangular wave driving voltage as in the first embodiment is applied to the three-phase winding of the electric motor (2) as shown in FIG.
In the assist travel mode, the electric motor (2) is driven by a 120-degree rectangular wave driving method in which the motor is driven by applying a rectangular-wave drive voltage having a 120-degree energization period to the motor.

On the other hand, in the regenerative travel mode, a voltage that changes as shown in FIG. 14A is induced in the three-phase winding of the electric motor (2). Each voltage waveform changes in a sine wave shape with 360 degrees as one cycle, and the three voltage waveforms have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other.
The microcomputer of the present embodiment controls the regenerative charging operation of the inverter (42) by sequentially PWM controlling three switching elements S1, S3 and S5 among the six switching elements constituting the inverter (42). The microcomputer generates PWM control signals and six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 that change as shown in FIG. The PWM control signal is a rectangular wave that switches between high and low. Each of the first to third high-side phase signals H1 to H3 is a rectangular wave that is high only for a period of 120 degrees with 360 degrees as one cycle, and these three high-side phase signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees with respect to each other. Have. Each of the first to third low-side phase signals L1 to L3 is a rectangular wave that is high only for a period of 120 degrees with 180 degrees as one cycle, and these three low-side phase signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other. The high period of the first high side phase signal H1 and the high period of the first low side phase signal L1, the high period of the second high side phase signal H2, the high period of the second low side phase signal L2, and the third high side phase The high period of the signal H3 and the high period of the third low-side phase signal L3 overlap each other.

  The PWM control signal and the six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 are input to the logic gate circuit (46). In the logic gate circuit (46), six switching signals changing as shown in FIG. Created. The switching signal for each of the switching elements S1, S3, and S5 is a rectangle in which 360 degrees is one cycle and is switched between high and low according to the PWM control signal for a period of 120 degrees, while it is low for the remaining 240 degrees. These three switching signals have a phase difference of 120 degrees from each other. On the other hand, the switching signals for the switching elements S2, S4 and S6 respectively invert the switching signals for these switching elements during the 120 degree period when the switching elements S1, S3 and S5 change according to the PWM control signal. The subsequent 60-degree period, 120-degree period, and 60-degree period are rectangular waves that switch between low, high, and low.

Period T1
In the period T1 in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 15 is formed, and the switching element S4 is PWM-controlled. In this period T1, as shown in FIG. 14C, a signal obtained by inverting the switching signal for the switching element S4 is supplied to the switching element S3, and the switching element S3 is turned off when the switching element S4 is on. When the switching element S3 is off, it is set to on. The switching element S2 is always set to on.
Therefore, when the switching element S4 is ON, the potential difference Ewu between the W-phase winding and the U-phase winding causes the W-phase winding, the switching element S4, the switching element S2, and the U-phase winding as shown by the solid line in FIG. Current flows through the wire and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S2 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D2, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D2.
On the other hand, when the switching element S4 is off, current flows through the W-phase winding, the switching element S3, the battery (3), the switching element S2 and the U-phase winding as indicated by broken lines in the figure, and is stored in both windings. The supplied energy is supplied to the battery (3). At this time, since the resistances of the switching elements S3 and S2 interposed in the current loop line are smaller than those of the diodes D3 and D2, the energy loss is small compared to the conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diodes D3 and D2. Become.

Period T2
In the period T2 in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 16 is formed, and the switching element S6 is PWM-controlled. In this period T2, as shown in FIG. 14C, a signal obtained by inverting the switching signal for the switching element S6 is supplied to the switching element S5, and the switching element S5 is turned off when the switching element S6 is on. When the switching element S6 is off, it is set to on. The switching element S2 is always set to on.
Therefore, when the switching element S6 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 16 due to the potential difference Evu between the V-phase winding and the U-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S2 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D2, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D2.
On the other hand, when the switching element S6 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the drawing, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3). At this time, since the resistances of the switching elements S5 and S2 interposed in the current loop line are smaller than those of the diodes D5 and D2, energy loss is small as compared with the conventional electric motor-equipped bicycle in which the current passes through the diodes D5 and D2. Become.

Period T3
In the period T3 in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 17 is formed, and the switching element S6 is PWM-controlled. In this period T3, as shown in FIG. 14C, a signal obtained by inverting the switching signal for the switching element S6 is supplied to the switching element S5, and the switching element S5 is turned off when the switching element S6 is on. When the switching element S6 is off, it is set to on. The switching element S4 is always set to on.
Therefore, when the switching element S6 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 17 due to the potential difference Evw between the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S4 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D4, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D4.
On the other hand, when the switching element S6 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the drawing, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3). At this time, since the resistances of the switching elements S5 and S4 interposed in the current loop line are smaller than those of the diodes D5 and D4, the energy loss is smaller than that of the conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diodes D5 and D4. Become.

Period T4
In the period T4 in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the U-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 18 is formed, and the switching element S2 is PWM-controlled. In this period T4, as shown in FIG. 14C, a signal obtained by inverting the switching signal for the switching element S2 is supplied to the switching element S1, and the switching element S1 is turned off when the switching element S2 is on. When the switching element S2 is off, it is set to on. The switching element S4 is always set to on.
Therefore, when the switching element S2 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 18 due to the potential difference Euw between the U-phase winding and the W-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S4 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D4, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D4.
On the other hand, when the switching element S2 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3). At this time, since the resistances of the switching elements S1 and S4 interposed in the current loop line are smaller than those of the diodes D1 and D4, the energy loss is small compared to the conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diodes D1 and D2. Become.

Period T5
In the period T5 in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the U-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 19 is formed, and the switching element S2 is PWM-controlled. In this period T5, as shown in FIG. 14C, a signal obtained by inverting the switching signal for the switching element S2 is supplied to the switching element S1, and the switching element S1 is turned off when the switching element S2 is on. When the switching element S2 is off, it is set to on. The switching element S6 is always set to on.
Therefore, when the switching element S2 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 19 due to the potential difference Euv between the U-phase winding and the V-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S6 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D6, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D6.
On the other hand, when the switching element S2 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3). At this time, since the resistances of the switching elements S1 and S6 interposed in the current loop line are smaller than those of the diodes D1 and D6, the energy loss is small compared to the conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diodes D1 and D6. Become.

Period T6
In the period T6 in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest, the step-up chopper circuit shown in FIG. 20 is formed, and the switching element S4 is PWM-controlled. In this period T6, as shown in FIG. 14C, a signal obtained by inverting the switching signal for the switching element S4 is supplied to the switching element S3, and the switching element S3 is turned off when the switching element S4 is on. When the switching element S4 is off, it is set to on. The switching element S6 is always set to on.
Therefore, when the switching element S4 is on, a current flows as shown by a solid line in FIG. 20 due to the potential difference Ewv between the W-phase winding and the V-phase winding, and energy is stored in both windings. At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S6 interposed in the current loop line is smaller than that of the diode D6, the energy loss is smaller than that of a conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D6.
On the other hand, when the switching element S4 is off, a current flows as shown by a broken line in the figure, and the energy stored in both windings is supplied to the battery (3). At this time, since the resistances of the switching elements S3 and S6 interposed in the current loop line are smaller than those of the diodes D3 and D6, the energy loss is small compared to the conventional bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diodes D3 and D6. Become.
In the regenerative travel mode, the battery (3) is charged by repeating the above-described periods T1 to T6.

  In the bicycle with the electric motor of this embodiment, as described above, the energy loss is reduced not only when the three switching elements S2, S4 and S6 are set to ON by PWM control but also when set to OFF. Therefore, higher regeneration efficiency can be obtained.

Third Embodiment A bicycle with an electric motor of the present embodiment is an electric motor comprising a DC brush motor as shown in FIG. 21, instead of the electric motor (2) and the inverter (42) of the first and second embodiments. (20) and a reversible chopper circuit (52) that steps down the voltage obtained from the battery and outputs it to the electric motor in the assist running mode, while boosting the voltage obtained from the electric motor and outputs it to the battery in the regenerative running mode. It has.

The reversible chopper circuit (52) comprises a pair of positive and negative series lines (52a) (52a) extending from both poles of the electric motor (20) to both poles of the battery (30), and these series lines (52a) (52a) are The two parallel lines (52b) and (52b) are connected to each other. One capacitor C is interposed in one parallel line (52b), and one switching element S1 made of a MOSFET is interposed in the other parallel line (52b), and is connected to the source and drain of the switching element S1. Is connected to one diode D1 which connects these electrodes to each other. One series line (52a) includes one switching element S2 on the battery (30) side of the switching element S1, and these electrodes are connected to the source and drain of the switching element S2. One diode D2 connected to each other is connected.
A switching signal from the control circuit (51) is supplied to the two switching elements S1 and S2 described above, so that each switching element is on / off controlled.

  FIG. 22 shows the waveforms of the switching signals supplied to the two switching elements S1 and S2 described above in the regenerative travel mode. In the reversible chopper circuit (52), the switching element S1 is PWM-controlled according to the boost ratio, and the switching signal supplied to the switching element S1 is a rectangular wave that switches between high and low according to the boost ratio. On the other hand, the switching signal supplied to the switching element S2 is a rectangular wave obtained by inverting the switching S1.

In the regenerative travel mode, when the switching element S1 is on, a current flows through the switching element S1 as shown by a solid line in FIG. 21, and energy is stored in the coil constituting the electric motor (20).
On the other hand, when the switching element S1 is off, the switching element S2 is set to on, so that current flows through the switching element S2 and the battery (30) as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure, and the energy stored in the coil Is supplied to the battery (30). At this time, since the resistance of the switching element S2 is smaller than that of the diode D2, the energy loss is smaller than that of the bicycle with an electric motor in which the current passes through the diode D2.

  In the bicycle with an electric motor of this embodiment, energy loss is reduced when the switching element S1 is set to OFF as described above, so that high regeneration efficiency can be obtained.

In addition, each part structure of this invention is not restricted to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible within the technical scope as described in a claim.
For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the switching element S3 is always set to ON during the periods T1 and T6, the switching element S5 is always set to the periods T2 and T3, and the switching element S1 is always set to the periods T4 and T5. .
It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the switching element S2 is always set to ON during the periods T1 and T2, the switching element S4 is always set to ON during the periods T3 and T4, and the switching element S6 is always set to ON during the periods T5 and T6.
Further, in the first embodiment, the logic gate circuit (46) of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 12 can be adopted instead of the logic gate circuit (41) shown in FIG. When the PWM control signal and the six phase signals H1 to H3 and L1 to L3 that change as shown in FIG. 5B are supplied to the logic gate circuit 46 shown in FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. Six switching signals that change can be obtained.

It is the schematic showing the whole structure of the bicycle with an electric motor which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram showing the electric constitution of the said bicycle with an electric motor. It is a figure showing the structure of the logic gate circuit of 1st Example. In the assist travel mode of the bicycle with the electric motor of the first embodiment, the waveform of the voltage applied to the three-phase winding of the electric motor, the waveform of the signal input to the logic gate circuit, and the waveform of the switching signal for the switching element of the inverter FIG. The waveform diagram showing the waveform of the voltage induced in the three-phase winding of the electric motor, the waveform of the signal input to the logic gate circuit, and the waveform of the switching signal for the switching element of the inverter in the regenerative travel mode of the bicycle with the electric motor It is. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a boost chopper circuit formed in a period in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the U-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed during a period in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the U-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a boost chopper circuit formed in a period in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest. It is a figure showing the structure of the logic gate circuit of 2nd Example. In the assist travel mode of the bicycle with the electric motor of the second embodiment, the waveform of the voltage applied to the three-phase winding of the electric motor, the waveform of the signal input to the logic gate circuit, and the waveform of the switching signal for the switching element of the inverter FIG. The waveform diagram showing the waveform of the voltage induced in the three-phase winding of the electric motor, the waveform of the signal input to the logic gate circuit, and the waveform of the switching signal for the switching element of the inverter in the regenerative travel mode of the bicycle with the electric motor It is. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a boost chopper circuit formed in a period in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the U-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed during a period in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the U-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a boost chopper circuit formed in a period in which the V-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the structure of the reversible chopper circuit mounted in the bicycle with an electric motor of 3rd Example. It is a wave form diagram showing the waveform of the switching signal to the switching element of a reversible chopper circuit in the regenerative running mode of the bicycle with the electric motor. It is the schematic showing the whole structure of the conventional bicycle with an electric motor. It is a block diagram showing the electric constitution of the conventional bicycle with an electric motor which can set the regenerative driving mode. It is a waveform diagram showing the waveform of the voltage induced in the three-phase winding of the electric motor and the waveform of the switching signal for the switching element of the inverter in the regenerative travel mode of the bicycle with the electric motor. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a step-up chopper circuit formed in a period in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest. It is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a boost chopper circuit formed in a period in which the W-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest.

Explanation of symbols

(2) Electric motor
(3) Battery
(40) Microcomputer
(41) Logic gate circuit
(42) Inverters S1 to S6 Switching elements D1 to D6 Diode

Claims (5)

A rectifier capable of performing a regenerative charging operation for converting an AC voltage obtained from an electric motor having a U-phase winding, a W-phase winding, and a V-phase winding into a DC voltage after being converted to a DC voltage; In a motor control device comprising a control circuit for controlling a rectifier,
The rectifier is connected in series with a first switching element pair composed of a pair of switching elements connected in series with each other and a second switching element pair composed of a pair of switching elements connected in series with each other. A third pair of switching elements comprising a pair of switching elements, and a plurality of rectifying elements that connect the source and drain of each switching element to each other,
Each of the first switching element pair, the second switching element pair , and the third switching element pair includes a plurality of parallel lines that connect a pair of positive and negative series lines connected to both electrodes of the battery. Intervening,
The first switching element pair, the second switching element pair, and the third switching element pair are connected to a U-phase winding, a W-phase winding, and a V-phase winding, respectively.
The control circuit controls the regenerative charging operation by sequentially turning on / off one switching element of the first switching element pair for a period of 120 degrees,
In the period T1 in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the W-phase voltage is the highest, the switching elements of the third switching element pair are turned off and the first switching element pair is controlled to control the regenerative charging operation. When the one switching element is set to ON, the switching element of the second switching element pair interposed in the current loop line formed including the switching element is set to ON,
In the period T2 in which the U-phase voltage is the lowest and the V-phase voltage is the highest, the switching elements of the second switching element pair are turned off and the first switching element pair is controlled to control the regenerative charging operation. When the one switching element is set to ON, the switching element of the third switching element pair interposed in the current loop line formed including the switching element is set to ON, and the winding of the electric motor A motor control device characterized by storing energy in a motor.   The control circuit sets the other switching element paired with the switching element to ON during a period in which the one switching element of the first switching element pair is set to OFF in order to control the regenerative charging operation. The motor control device according to claim 1. A rectifier capable of performing a regenerative charging operation for converting an AC voltage obtained from an electric motor into a DC voltage and supplying the battery as a power source of the motor; and a control circuit for controlling the rectifier; In a motor control device comprising a plurality of switching elements and a plurality of rectifying elements that connect the sources and drains of the switching elements to each other, the control circuit sequentially turns on the plurality of switching elements included in the plurality of switching elements. The regenerative charging operation is controlled by controlling off / off, and a period for setting one switching element to ON and / or a period for setting OFF to control the regenerative charging operation are formed in the period. At least one other switching element interposed in the current loop line is turned on,
The plurality of switching elements constituting the rectifying device are composed of a plurality of switching element pairs connected in series with each other, and each of the plurality of switching element pairs is connected to a pair of positive and negative series lines connected to both electrodes of the battery. The control circuit is configured to control a regenerative charging operation by sequentially turning on / off one switching element of a plurality of switching element pairs, the regenerative charging operation. During the period in which one switching element is set to ON to control the operation, one or more other switching elements interposed in the current loop line formed including the switching element are set to ON.
The control circuit includes a logic circuit that creates a plurality of switching signals for each of the plurality of switching elements that constitute the rectifier, and a plurality of phase signals that determine the phases of the PWM control signal and the plurality of switching signals. And a signal processing circuit for supplying to the logic circuit, and the logic circuit includes a PWM input terminal to which the PWM control signal is input and a plurality of phase signals to which the plurality of phase signals are respectively input. A phase signal input terminal, a plurality of switching output terminals respectively connected to the plurality of switching elements, the same number of input terminal side AND elements as the switching element pairs constituting the plurality of switching elements, and the switching element pairs Comprising the same number of output terminal side AND elements, and the same number of negative elements as the switching element pairs, The two WM input terminals and the phase signal input terminal to which the phase signal that determines the phase of the switching signal with respect to the one switching element of each switching element pair is to be input. Connected to the input terminal, the output terminal of the AND element is connected to the switching output terminal connected to the one switching element and connected to the input terminal of one negating element, and the output of the negating element The terminal and the phase signal input terminal to which the phase signal that determines the phase of the switching signal for the other switching element of each pair of switching elements is to be input are two input terminals of one output terminal side AND element. Connected, and the output terminal of the AND element is connected to the switching output terminal connected to the other switching element. Motor control apparatus according to claim Rukoto.   The rectifier is capable of a motor drive operation that converts a DC voltage obtained from a battery into an AC voltage and supplies the same to an electric motor, and the signal processing circuit of the control circuit is configured to perform a regenerative charging operation of the rectifier and 4. The motor control device according to claim 3, wherein an operation of generating the PWM control signal and the plurality of phase signals and supplying the PWM control signal and the plurality of phase signals to the logic circuit is executed during a motor driving operation. A rectifier capable of performing a regenerative charging operation for converting an AC voltage obtained from an electric motor having a U-phase winding, a W-phase winding, and a V-phase winding into a DC voltage after being converted to a DC voltage; In a motor control device comprising a control circuit for controlling a rectifier,
  The rectifier is connected in series with a first switching element pair composed of a pair of switching elements connected in series with each other and a second switching element pair composed of a pair of switching elements connected in series with each other. A third pair of switching elements comprising a pair of switching elements, and a plurality of rectifying elements that connect the source and drain of each switching element to each other,
  Each of the first switching element pair, the second switching element pair, and the third switching element pair includes a plurality of parallel lines that connect a pair of positive and negative series lines connected to both electrodes of the battery. Intervening,
    The first switching element pair, the second switching element pair, and the third switching element pair are connected to a U-phase winding, a W-phase winding, and a V-phase winding, respectively.
  The control circuit controls the regenerative charging operation by sequentially turning on / off one switching element of the first switching element pair for a period of 120 degrees,
  In the period T4 in which the U-phase voltage is the highest and the W-phase voltage is the lowest, the switching elements of the third switching element pair are turned off and the first switching element pair is controlled to control the regenerative charging operation. When the one switching element is set to ON, the switching element of the second switching element pair interposed in the current loop line formed including the switching element is set to ON,
  In the period T5 in which the U-phase voltage is the highest and the V-phase voltage is the lowest, the switching elements of the second switching element pair are turned off and the first switching element pair is controlled to control the regenerative charging operation. When the one switching element is set to ON, the switching element of the third switching element pair interposed in the current loop line formed including the switching element is set to ON, and the winding of the electric motor A motor control device characterized by storing energy.

Images