JP4560640B2 - Plant cultivation method with pest control - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating plants with pest control.

When growing plants, the biggest challenge is the control of growing pests. The most common method of controlling growing insect pests is to spray chemicals such as chlorpicrin, kunohume and bathamide directly on the soil. Although this method is simple, there is a great drawback that the chemical affects the human body and has an adverse effect on the environment such as destruction of the ozone layer. There is Patent Document 1 as a pest control method for trees. This is a method of piercing two electrodes at the pest occurrence point of the tree and passing an electric current through it to kill the pest, but it is necessary to insert the electrode for each individual tree, so labor cost and time are cumbersome and inefficient . Patent Document 2 proposes a method in which a pest adhering to a pet is wetted with water on the pet's hair, and a current is passed to cause electrocution of the pest, but this is not a method for extinction during plant growth. Further, in Patent Document 3, there is a proposal of a machine for short-circuiting a high voltage current between the anode rod and the cathode rod to disinfect the soil in the water, thereby eliminating the pests in the water. However, pests distributed over a wide area in underwater soil cannot be killed efficiently, and the cost increases depending on the soil area.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 08-214756 JP 09-009847 A Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-090650

The present invention does not use chemicals harmful to the human body and plants when cultivating plants, and by collecting various pests in the soil near the soil surface, it can be reliably controlled over a large area in a short time, and The present invention relates to a method for cultivating plants with pest control that can be carried out at a reasonable cost throughout the year.

In the cultivation of plants, the present invention continuously or intermittently irradiates the seeded soil with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 250 to 400 nm or infrared light having a wavelength of 800 nm to 10 μm, and an electrode is inserted into the soil. Thus, the above-mentioned problem is solved by simultaneously performing the current flow continuously or intermittently.

According to the present invention, it is not necessary to use toxic chemicals for pest control during plant cultivation, and various pests covering a large area can be reliably controlled at once with simple equipment. This method is particularly suitable for soil disinfection such as greenhouse greenhouse cultivation. In addition, when this method is used, the growth of plants is accelerated by irradiation light, and there is a great secondary effect that ripe fruits can be grown quickly, especially in the growth of fruit vegetables.

In the present invention, first, ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 250 to 400 nm or infrared light having a wavelength of 800 nm to 10 μm is irradiated continuously or intermittently from the surface of the soil in which the plant is planted. The experimental results revealed that various pests in the soil are often stimulated by ultraviolet light or infrared light and come out near the surface of the soil. In addition, it was proved that irradiation with pulsed light gathered on the surface faster than continuous light. Irradiate these lights from the surface to collect pests near the soil surface. On the other hand, two electrodes are inserted at appropriate intervals on the soil surface that has been lightly sprinkled, and a current is passed between the electrodes. Since the current flows near the surface of the sprinkled soil, the pests that gather near the surface are killed. There are insects that are sensitive to ultraviolet light and insects that are sensitive to infrared light, and most of these insects gather near the soil surface by irradiation with these lights.

According to the method of the present invention, it was confirmed that not only pest control was possible, but also weeds and their seeds rooted near the surface decreased from the experimental results.

As a secondary effect, it is known that plants are generally accelerated by irradiation with light . This is particularly effective for fruits and vegetables.

Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

First, the degree of death of pests (mainly weevil) in the soil was compared between the case where an electrode was inserted into the soil, the current was applied in a pulsed manner, and the LED was irradiated, and the case where the LED was simply irradiated. The electrode arrangement is shown in FIG. That is, the two electrodes 2 and 3 were separated from each other by about 1 m and embedded in a depth of 10 cm, and cabbage seeds 4 were sown between the electrodes. Each electrode area is about 100 cm ² . A current pulse is generated from the pulse oscillation circuit. The pulse wavelength is fixed at 250 nm and the duty ratio is fixed at 10%, and the pulse current peak value is changed from 10 to 50 A, and the number of insect pests killed per 1 m ² up to a depth of 10 cm is counted after 1 hour of irradiation. It was. The result is shown in FIG. For comparison, FIG. 2 also shows the result when only pulse current is applied without irradiating light. From this result, when the light is simply applied, the pest is hardly extinguished even when a large current of 50A is applied, but when a pulsed current is applied with an electrode inserted, a large number of insect pests can be obtained even with a current of 10A. It can be seen that the number of deaths increases as the peak value of the current increases. This means that the number of deaths within a depth of 10 cm is small because the pests remain dispersed over a wide range simply by the pulse current. From the above, it can be seen that the synergistic action between the current injection of the embedded electrode and the irradiation of light from the light emitting element is very effective for pest control. The following experimental results are all conducted under the condition that current was injected into the embedded electrode, and it was found that almost no pest control was possible just by irradiating light, similar to the experimental result of FIG. .

Next, the extent to which pests were removed with short wavelength light was examined in the wavelength range of 250 nm to 450 nm. The result is shown in FIG.

As a light emitting element, LED corresponding to each wavelength was examined by continuously emitting light. Each LED was separated from the surface of the soil by 10 cm and irradiated with 10 μmol / m ² s of light. Time was examined up to 5 hours every hour. The results of examining the number of pests at a depth of 10 cm from the surface at each time are shown in FIG. The dead pests at this time were mainly weevil. From this result, it can be seen that the pest control effect is very remarkable in the wavelength range of 250 nm to 400 nm. Note that no experimental results have been obtained for wavelengths below 250 nm because there are no suitable light emitting elements. Pest control effects were hardly obtained for light with a wavelength of 450 nm to 750 nm.

Next, we examined how much of the pests were removed by long-wavelength light under the same conditions as described above at wavelengths longer than 750 nm. However, the LED output in this case was set to 1 W / m ² . The result is shown in FIG. From this, it can be seen that the pest control effect is very remarkable in the wavelength range of 800 nm to 10 μm. The insect pests at this time were mainly beetles. It should be noted that no experimental results have been obtained for wavelengths longer than 10 μm because there are no suitable light emitting elements.

From these results, it can be seen that the wavelength that is easily gathered by light depends on the kind of pests, and it affects the cultivation of flower buds and vegetables by irradiating short wavelength light emission of 250 nm to 400 nm or long wavelength light emission of 800 nm to 10 μm. It can be seen that the harmful insects can be controlled .

Next, we examined the difference in the number of insect pests killed by light pulses and continuous light emission. The peak value of the pulse current is 10A. The results are shown in FIG. As can be seen from this figure, the pest control effect is particularly large when the light has a duty ratio of 10% compared to continuous light emission. This is presumably because when the light is applied in pulses with an appropriate duty ratio rather than continuous light, the pests are more likely to feel the light and gather on the surface of the soil.

Embedded electrode layout Comparison of the number of insect pests killed by the injected current with and without the current flowing in the soil-embedded electrode under light irradiation conditions, and the number of insect pests killed when the current was passed through the electrode without light irradiation Experimental results Experimental results showing the number of insect pests (mainly weevil) killed by continuous irradiation with light with a wavelength of 250 to 450 nm Experimental results showing the number of dead insect pests (mainly, Nechirimushi) in soil by continuous irradiation with light with a wavelength of 750nm to 10μm Experimental results showing the number of insects killed by the irradiation time of pulsed light and continuous light

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Pulse generation circuit
2 ... Embedded positive electrode
3 ... Embedded negative electrode
4 ... Cabbage seeds

Claims (3)

When growing a plant, continuously or intermittently irradiating the seeded soil with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 250 to 400 nm or infrared light having a wavelength of 800 nm to 10 μm, and inserting an electrode into the soil, the current is continuously applied. A method for cultivating a plant, characterized by simultaneously or intermittently flowing. A method for cultivating a plant, wherein a light emitting diode is used as the light source of claim 1. A plant cultivation method, wherein the duty ratio of intermittent irradiation of the irradiation light of claim 1 is 10% .

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