JP4584594B2 - Mold and molding method using mold - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mold applied to, for example, deep drawing and the like and a molding method using the mold.

  Conventionally, thin plate forming methods such as deep drawing, sheet metal pressing, and hydroforming for forming a desired metal product by plastically deforming a metal thin plate using a mold have been put to practical use.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional deep drawing apparatus 100. The deep drawing device 100 is a device for deep drawing a workpiece 104 (for example, Non-Patent Document 1). The deep drawing apparatus 100 includes a die 101, a punch 102, a blank holder 103, and a lubricating oil supply unit (not shown). The lubricating oil supply means is means for supplying lubricating oil to the gap between the die 101 and the workpiece 104, and has a vibration applying device for forcibly supplying the lubricating oil to the gap. This vibration applying device has a function of vibrating at least one of the die 101, the punch 102, and the blank holder 103 as a whole. Such a lubricating oil supply means can reduce the frictional force between the workpiece 104 and the die 101 during deep drawing.

Seiji Kataoka, 4 others, “Development of vibration / hydraulic drawing method”, Plasticity and processing, Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity, August 1994, 35, 403, p. 977-982

  In the conventional thin plate forming apparatus, a large frictional force acts between the metal thin plate and the mold. Due to this frictional force, the plate thickness is insufficient or the plate thickness of the portion to be made uniform is generated. Due to the shortage of the plate thickness and the non-uniformity of the plate thickness, defects such as wrinkles and breakage occur in the metal thin plate.

  In the conventional deep drawing apparatus 100, the following problems occur with an increase in the surface pressure at the portion where the die 101 and the workpiece 104 abut. Lubricating oil interposed between the workpiece 104 and the die 101 becomes insufficiently supplied, and the lubricating effect is reduced. This causes defects such as “wrinkles” and breakage in the metal thin plate, as in the thin plate forming apparatus.

  In order to reduce the above-mentioned frictional force acting locally, it is also conceivable to apply lubricating oil locally to the deep drawing device 100, for example. In this case, the lubricating oil flows undesirably to other locations during molding. In other words, it is difficult to reduce the frictional force at the portion where the lubricating oil flows during molding. Therefore, in the deep drawing device 100, it is difficult to reduce the friction force acting locally, and it is also difficult to bring the friction force into a desired position where the friction force is required.

  An object of the present invention is a relative operation of a local frictional force acting between a mold and a workpiece, and it is necessary to reduce a frictional force at a place where the frictional force should be reduced and to reduce the frictional force. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mold capable of easily and reliably performing at least one of residual frictional forces at a location and a molding method using the mold.

The present invention includes a lower mold,
An upper die that is displaceable relative to the lower die, and at least an upper die capable of forming a workpiece into a desired shape in cooperation with the lower die;
A portion that is provided on at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold and is formed near the flange portion formed by molding the workpiece to be molded , and the upper mold and the lower mold. The mold is characterized by comprising a vibration applying means embedded in at least one of the parts and applying vibration to the part.

According to the present invention, the workpiece is molded into a desired shape in cooperation with the lower mold and the upper mold. At least one of the upper mold and the lower mold is provided with vibration imparting means. The vibration applying means is a part close to a flange portion formed by molding the workpiece to be disposed, and applies vibration to at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold. As described above, since vibration is applied to at least one of the upper die and the lower die, it is possible to reduce the frictional force acting locally on the portion where the frictional force should be reduced during the molding process. . In other words, it is possible to reliably apply vibration to the local area where the frictional force acts. A vibration applying means is disposed at a place where a frictional force is required so as not to apply vibration.

  In the invention, it is preferable that the vibration applying unit includes a vibrator that applies minute vibration.

  According to the present invention, a minute vibration is applied to at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold by the vibrator. With such a vibrator, the frictional force can be reduced.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that a minute flaw is formed on one surface portion of at least one of an upper die and a lower die facing a workpiece to be processed.

  According to the present invention, a fine flaw is formed on one surface portion of at least one of the upper die and the lower die facing the workpiece. Thereby, the contact portion between the one surface portion where the minute flaw is provided and the workpiece is reduced. Therefore, the frictional force acting between the workpiece and the one surface portion can be reduced. That is, the material flow of the workpiece can be made smooth by the minute flaws formed on the one surface portion.

Further, the present invention is a molding method using a mold capable of molding a workpiece to a desired shape in cooperation with an upper mold and a lower mold,
A first step of disposing a workpiece to be molded with respect to the upper mold and the lower mold;
A portion adjacent to a flange portion formed by molding a workpiece to be disposed, and the vibration applying means embedded in at least one portion of at least one of the upper die and the lower die. And a second step of imparting vibration. A molding method using a mold.

According to the present invention, the member to be processed is formed into a desired shape in cooperation with the upper die and the lower die. First, in the first step, the workpiece is disposed on the upper mold and the lower mold. In the second step, vibration is applied to a part of at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold by the vibration applying means. It said portion is a portion close to the flange portion formed by molding the work member to be disposed.

  As described above, since vibration is applied to at least one of the upper die and the lower die, it is possible to reduce the frictional force acting locally on the portion where the frictional force should be reduced during the molding process. . In other words, it is possible to reliably apply vibration to the local area where the frictional force acts. A vibration applying means is disposed at a desired location where a frictional force is required so as not to apply vibration.

According to the present invention, the vibration imparting means imparts vibration to a portion adjacent to the flange portion formed by molding at least one of the upper die and the lower die, so that during the molding process, It becomes possible to reduce the frictional force that acts locally on the portion where the frictional force should be reduced. In other words, it is possible to aim at a local area where the frictional force acts and to reliably apply vibration. Therefore, a minute gap can be formed between the workpiece to be molded and the mold during the molding process. In other words, since a minute gap can be formed intermittently or periodically in the region where the friction force acts, the friction acting locally between the mold and the workpiece and where the friction force should be reduced. The force can be reduced easily and reliably. On the contrary, since the vibration applying means is disposed so as not to apply vibration to a desired portion where a frictional force is required, it becomes possible to further improve the formability of the processed member. Further, since the frictional force can be locally reduced, it is possible to make the plate thickness of the processed member uniform. Thus, when the workpiece is formed into a desired shape, “wrinkles” and breakage that may occur in the workpiece can be reliably prevented.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the vibration applying means includes a vibrator that applies minute vibrations, whereby minute vibrations can be applied to at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold. With such a vibrator, the frictional force can be reduced.

  Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the frictional force acting between the workpiece and the one surface portion by forming minute flaws on one surface portion of at least one of the upper die and the lower die. it can. That is, the flow of the material of the member to be processed at the time of molding can be made smooth by the minute flaw formed on the one surface portion.

Further, according to the present invention, particularly in the second step, the vibration is applied to a part close to the flange portion formed by molding at least one of the upper die and the lower die. In the middle, it is possible to reduce the friction force acting locally on the portion where the friction force should be reduced. In other words, it is possible to aim at a local area where the frictional force acts and to reliably apply vibration. Therefore, a minute gap can be formed between the workpiece to be molded and the mold during the molding process. In other words, since a minute gap can be formed intermittently or periodically in the region where the friction force acts, the friction acting locally between the mold and the workpiece and where the friction force should be reduced. The force can be reduced easily and reliably. On the contrary, since the vibration applying means is disposed so as not to apply the vibration to the place where the frictional force is required, it becomes possible to further improve the formability of the processed member. Further, since the frictional force can be locally reduced, it is possible to make the plate thickness of the processed member uniform. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent “wrinkles” and breakage that may occur in the workpiece when the workpiece is formed into a desired shape.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a mold 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention cut along a virtual plane including a machining direction. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the mold 1 viewed along the line AA in FIG. When describing the mold 1 according to the present embodiment, a description of a molding method using the mold 1 is also included.

  The mold 1 according to this embodiment is for deep drawing a workpiece to be molded. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to a deep drawing die. The mold 1 mainly includes a lower mold 3, an upper mold 4, and a vibration applying mechanism 6.

  The lower die 3 is fixedly mounted and supported, and the workpiece 2 to be molded can be disposed on one surface portion 3 a of the lower die 3 facing the upper die 4. The lower mold 3 is made of, for example, an alloy tool steel for cold mold (specifically, a symbol of Japanese Industrial Standard, for example, SKD-11). As the workpiece 2, for example, austenitic stainless steel or cold rolled steel plate is used. An opening recess 10 for deep drawing is formed in the lower mold 3.

  The opening recess 10 is formed in a taper shape that opens in a substantially circular shape at the one surface portion 3a, for example, and is reduced inward in the radial direction toward one side in the processing direction. Here, the machining direction is defined as the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Y direction is defined as the X direction. In FIG. 1, one side in the Y direction is represented as an arrow Y1, and the other side in the Y direction is represented as an arrow Y2. Further, in the lower mold 3, a minute flaw is formed on one surface portion 3 a facing the workpiece 2 to be disposed. The minute flaws can make the material flow of the workpiece 2 smooth during molding. This minute flaw is preferably 1/100 mm or less. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the local frictional force without leaving “kata” on one surface portion of the workpiece 2.

  The upper die 4 has an upper die body 5 including a so-called punch 13 and a wrinkle pressing plate 9. The upper mold body 5 and the wrinkle pressing plate 9 are configured to be relatively displaceable with respect to the lower mold 3. That is, the upper die body 5 and the wrinkle pressing plate 9 are configured to be displaceable in one direction and the other direction in the Y direction. In the stage before the molding process, the upper die body 5 and the wrinkle pressing plate 9 are arranged at a predetermined distance apart from the one surface portion 3a of the lower die 3 in the other direction in the Y direction. During the molding process, the upper die body 5 and the wrinkle pressing plate 9 are displaced in one direction in the Y direction.

  A punch 13 that protrudes in one direction in the Y direction is provided on one surface portion of the upper mold body 5 that faces the lower mold 3. When the workpiece 2 to be molded is disposed on the lower die 3 and the upper die 4 is displaced in one direction in the Y direction, the punch 13 is engaged with the opening recess 10. That is, it is possible to squeeze a part of the workpiece 2 by pushing into the opening recess 10. The punch 13 is formed in a shape that can be engaged with the opening recess 10.

  The wrinkle pressing plate 9 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the punch 13. The wrinkle pressing plate 9 is a plate-like member for suppressing “wrinkles” of the processed member 2A formed by processing the workpiece 2 and can be displaced in the Y direction in cooperation with the upper die body 5. Composed. The wrinkle pressing plate 9 is disposed along the X direction perpendicular to the Y direction, and is sandwiched between the flat portion 5a of the upper mold main body 5 and the workpiece 2 during molding. The flange portion of the processed member 2 </ b> A is sandwiched between the wrinkle pressing plate 9 and the one surface portion 3 a of the lower mold 3.

  The vibration applying mechanism 6 as the vibration applying means includes four vibrators 15 and a control means 16. In the present embodiment, four vibrators 15 are provided, but the number is not necessarily limited to four. There may be three or fewer transducers 15, or five or more transducers 15. Even in such a case, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained. The vibration applying mechanism 6 is a mechanism for applying vibration to a part of the lower mold 3. Each vibrator 15 vibrates based on a signal output from the control means 16. Each vibrator 15 is embedded in a part of the lower mold 3.

  More specifically, these four vibrators 15 are embedded in a part of the lower mold 3 adjacent to the workpiece 2 to be disposed. As shown in FIG. 2, the four vibrators 15 are arranged slightly spaced outward from the opening recess 10 in the radial direction. These four vibrators 15 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees, that is, at regular intervals around the axis of the punch 13, that is, the axis of the mold 1. In other words, the four vibrators 15 are embedded in the vicinity of the opening recess 10 so as to have a cross shape. Each vibrator 15 has a function of applying vibration to a part of the lower mold 3 adjacent to each vibrator 15 to locally vibrate. The vibrator 15 having a frequency of, for example, 100 hertz is applied.

  The control means 16 outputs an output signal to the four vibrators 15 when an operator operates a switch (not shown) for molding the workpiece 2. Specifically, each vibrator 15 is electrically connected to the control means 16. When the switching state of the switch for molding is switched, the control means 16 outputs output signals to the four vibrators 15. Thereby, each vibrator 15 applies vibration to a part of the lower mold 3.

  Thus, since the control means 16 is outputting the output signal to the four vibrator | oscillators 15 based on the switching state of the switch for a shaping | molding process, there exist the following effects. The operation of outputting an output signal to the vibrator 15 before the operator operates the switch for molding can be omitted. Therefore, operability can be improved. In the present embodiment, an output signal is output to the vibrator 15 in conjunction with a switch operation for molding, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this form. Independent of the switch operation for molding, it is also possible to selectively switch whether or not each vibrator 15 is vibrated.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the molding method using the mold 1. The molding method mainly includes an arranging step and a vibration applying step. The vibration applying process includes a molding process. When the operator operates a switch to be molded, this flow starts in step s0. Next, the process proceeds to step s 1, where the workpiece 2 is disposed with respect to the upper mold 4 and the lower mold 3. Step s1 corresponds to the first step.

  Next, proceeding to step s2, the control means 16 outputs output signals to the four vibrators 15 based on the switching state of the switch. In other words, vibration is applied to a part of the lower mold 3. At the same time, the upper die 4 is displaced in one direction in the Y direction, and the punch 13 is engaged with the opening recess 10 of the lower die 3. As a result, the workpiece 2 is formed into a desired shape. The member after the forming process is defined as “processed member 2A”. Step s2 corresponds to the second step.

  According to the mold 1 described above, the workpiece 2 is molded into a desired shape in cooperation with the lower mold 3 and the upper mold 4. The lower mold 3 is provided with the above-described vibration applying mechanism 6. The vibration applying mechanism 6 is a part close to the workpiece 2 to be disposed, and applies vibration to a part of the lower mold 3. In this way, vibration is applied to a portion of the lower mold 3 that is close to the workpiece 2 to be disposed, so that during the molding process, the frictional force acting locally on the portion where the frictional force should be reduced can be reduced. It becomes possible to plan. In other words, it is possible to reliably apply vibration to the local area where the frictional force acts. On the contrary, since the vibration applying mechanism 6 is disposed so as not to apply vibration to a desired portion where a frictional force is required, the moldability of the processed member 2A can be further improved. Further, since the frictional force can be locally reduced, the plate thickness of the processed member 2A can be made uniform.

  Therefore, a minute gap can be formed between the workpiece 2 to be molded and the mold 1 during the molding process. In other words, since a minute gap can be formed intermittently or periodically in a region where the frictional force acts, the frictional force acting locally between the mold 1 and the workpiece 2 can be easily and reliably obtained. Can be reduced. As a result, when the workpiece 2 is formed into a desired shape, for example, wrinkles and breakage that may occur in the intermediate formed body of the workpiece 2 can be reliably prevented.

  Further, according to the mold 1 according to the present embodiment, the vibration applying mechanism 6 includes the vibrator 15 that applies minute vibrations, so that a part of the lower mold 3 adjacent to the workpiece to be disposed is provided. Micro vibration can be applied. Such a vibrator 15 can reduce the frictional force. Further, in the lower mold 3, a minute flaw is formed on the one surface portion 3 a facing the workpiece 2 to be disposed, and this fine flaw causes the material flow of the workpiece 2 during molding to flow. It can be smooth. By forming minute flaws on the one surface portion 3a of the lower mold 3, the following effects can be obtained when the minute vibration described above is applied. A minute gap is instantaneously generated between the workpiece 2 and a minute flaw and a minute flaw peripheral portion of the lower mold 3. It becomes easy for the lubricant to enter the minute gap. The lubricant is forced to remain by minute flaws. In other words, it is possible to prevent the lubricant from flowing out, and it is possible to more easily and reliably reduce the frictional force that acts locally on the portion where the frictional force should be reduced. Even when a lubricant is applied to at least one of the fine flaws and the peripheral part of the fine flaws, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of another embodiment of the present invention, partially enlarged. However, the same members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. A mold 1A according to another embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a lower mold 3A, an upper mold 4, and a vibration applying mechanism 6A. The vibration applying mechanism 6 </ b> A as the vibration applying unit includes, for example, a motor 20 that is a vibration applying supply source, a cam 21, and a control unit 16. This is a mechanism for applying vibration to a part of the lower mold 3. In the present mold 1 </ b> A, four motors 20 are provided in the lower mold 3 </ b> A, and a cam 21 is fixed to the motor shaft of each motor 20. However, the number of motors and the number of cams are not necessarily limited to four.

  Each motor 20 is configured to be rotationally driven based on a signal output from the control means 16. The cam 21 fixed to the motor shaft of each motor 20 can impart vibration to a part of the lower mold 3 that is close to the workpiece 2 disposed. That is, as the motor 20 rotates, the outer peripheral surface portion of the cam 21 periodically abuts on the back surface side portion of the one surface portion 3 a of the lower mold 3. The control means 16 rotationally drives the four motors 20 when an operator operates a switch for molding the workpiece 2. Specifically, each motor 20 is electrically connected to the control means 16. When the switching state of the switch is switched, the control means 16 gives output signals to the four motors 20. As a result, each motor 20 and the cam 21 impart vibration to a part of the lower mold 3. According to the mold 1A described above, the same effects as the mold 1 can be obtained.

  FIG. 5 relates to another embodiment of the present invention and is a schematic view when a molding method using a mold is applied to hydroforming. However, the same members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. In the hydroforming molding machine 30 capable of realizing this molding method, the vibrator 15 is embedded in a part of the upper mold 32 adjacent to one end and the other end in the longitudinal direction of the tubular workpiece 31 to be formed. . Further, the vibrator 15 is embedded in a part of the lower mold 33 close to one end and the other end of the tubular workpiece 31 to be formed.

  The tubular workpiece 31 is inserted into a mold, the liquid is filled in the hollow portion of the tubular workpiece 31, and the pressure of the liquid is increased to a predetermined pressure. As a result, the tubular workpiece 31 is expanded and molded along the mold. According to the hydroforming molding machine 30, since the vibrator 15 is embedded in a part of the upper mold 32 and the lower mold 33 adjacent to one end and the other end in the longitudinal direction of the tubular workpiece 31, the following effects are obtained. . That is, it is possible to reduce the frictional force that acts between the one end and the other end in the longitudinal direction and the upper mold 32 and the lower mold 33 in the tubular workpiece 31. Therefore, it can be formed into a desired tubular processed member 31 shape.

  As another embodiment of the present invention, a vibration applying mechanism for applying vibration to a part of the upper mold may be provided instead of the vibration applying mechanism 6 described above. In this case, a plurality of vibrators are embedded in a part of the upper die that is close to the workpiece to be disposed. In this case, the same effect as that of the present embodiment can be obtained. Further, the vibrator may be embedded in a part of the upper mold or the lower mold that faces the workpiece to be disposed. Of the upper mold, a fine flaw for facilitating the flow of the material of the workpiece may be formed in a flat portion (corresponding to one surface portion) facing the workpiece to be disposed. A fine flaw for facilitating the flow of the material may be formed on one surface portion of the wrinkle pressing plate facing the workpiece to be disposed.

It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected and saw the metal mold | die 1 which is one Embodiment of this invention in the virtual plane containing a process direction. It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected the metal mold | die 1 by the AA line in FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a molding method using the mold 1; It is sectional drawing which expanded and showed the principal part of other form of implementation of this invention partially. It is a schematic diagram at the time of applying a forming method using a metallic mold to hydroforming concerning another embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the deep drawing apparatus 100 of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mold 2 Work piece 3 Lower mold 3a One surface part 4 Upper mold 6 Vibration imparting mechanism 15 Vibrator

Claims (4)

With the lower mold,
An upper die that is displaceable relative to the lower die, and at least an upper die capable of forming a workpiece into a desired shape in cooperation with the lower die;
A portion that is provided on at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold and is formed near the flange portion formed by molding the workpiece to be molded , and the upper mold and the lower mold. A mold comprising: a vibration imparting unit embedded in at least one of the parts and imparting vibration to the part.   The mold according to claim 1, wherein the vibration applying unit includes a vibrator that applies minute vibration.   The mold according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a minute flaw is formed on one surface portion of at least one of an upper die and a lower die facing a workpiece to be molded. A molding method using a mold capable of molding a workpiece into a desired shape in cooperation with an upper die and a lower die,
A first step of disposing a workpiece to be molded with respect to the upper mold and the lower mold;
A portion adjacent to a flange portion formed by molding a workpiece to be disposed, and the vibration applying means embedded in at least one portion of at least one of the upper die and the lower die. And a second step of applying vibration. A molding method using a mold.

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