JP4585566B2 - プラスチックパッケージングの保存寿命を延ばすための二酸化炭素調節剤の使用 - Google Patents
プラスチックパッケージングの保存寿命を延ばすための二酸化炭素調節剤の使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4585566B2 JP4585566B2 JP2007500774A JP2007500774A JP4585566B2 JP 4585566 B2 JP4585566 B2 JP 4585566B2 JP 2007500774 A JP2007500774 A JP 2007500774A JP 2007500774 A JP2007500774 A JP 2007500774A JP 4585566 B2 JP4585566 B2 JP 4585566B2
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- carbon dioxide
- bottle
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Images
Classifications
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- B65D1/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
- B65D1/0207—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/236—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids specially adapted for aerating or carbonating beverages
- B01F23/2361—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids specially adapted for aerating or carbonating beverages within small containers, e.g. within bottles
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- B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D51/24—Closures not otherwise provided for combined or co-operating with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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- B65D81/2069—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas in a special atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
- B65D81/20—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
- B65D81/2069—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas in a special atmosphere
- B65D81/2076—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas in a special atmosphere in an at least partially rigid container
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Description
本明細書で使用する場合、“炭酸飲料”とは、二酸化炭素ガスが約2〜約5vol CO2/vol H2Oの範囲で溶解している水溶液であり、好ましくは、炭酸ソフトドリンクについて約3.3〜約4.2vol CO2/vol H2Oの範囲であり、ビールについて約2.7〜約3.3vol. CO2/vol H2Oの範囲である。
二酸化炭素調節剤として使うことのできる多種多様な組成物が存在する。これら組成物は、2つのカテゴリーに入る。第1のカテゴリーは、調節された化学反応により二酸化炭素を発生または放出する組成物である。このような組成物としては、a)ポリマー、例えば、加水分解の際に、特に、酸の存在下で二酸化炭素を放出する有機および無機カーボネート基または酸素とのポリマーの反応の分解副生物として二酸化炭素を発生する脂肪族ポリケトンが挙げられる。触媒、結合剤およびその他の添加剤をこれらの物質と組み合わせると、二酸化炭素放出プロセスを調節する補助となり得る;b)有機カーボネート類、例えば、アルキルカーボネート類、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、ポリプロピレンカーボネート、ビニルカーボネート、グリセリンカーボネート、ブチレンカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、エチルピロカーボネート、メチルピロカーボネート、環式カーボネートアクリレート類、例として、トリメチロールプロパンカーボネートアクリレート;および、酸、例えば、クエン酸またはリン酸との反応によって高めることのできる加水分解の際に二酸化炭素を発生するジアルキルジカーボネート類が挙げられる。
種々の二酸化炭素調節剤、特に、有機カーボネートを、それらが水蒸気単独により且つ有機酸を存在させることなく活性化させることができるか否かを決定するための試験をした。図7に示す結果は、水蒸気が加水分解によって有機カーボネートからのCO2生成を活性化し、有機酸が必要でないことを示す。
種々のライナー材料を試験して、ライナー材料の透過性のCO2生成速度に及ぼす効果を決定した。密封ボトル内の水25mL上に懸濁させたパウチ内に、炭酸水素ナトリウムとクエン酸との混合物を密封した。パウチは、水分に対して異なる透過性を有する3つの異なる材料:紙のティバッグ、ポリ乳酸およびポリエチレンから成形加工した。図8の結果は、非常に低い水分バリヤーがCO2発生の最も速い速度を可能とし、ポリエチレンによって生ずる水分バリヤーがより高いほど、最も遅い速度を生ずることを示す。かくして、二酸化炭素調節剤組成物と炭酸飲料との間の水分バリヤー物質を使用して、CO2生成速度を調節することができる。
種々の二酸化炭素発生剤、特に、収着材料を試験して、高圧下でCO2を貯蔵および放出し、それによって、炭酸飲料の保存寿命を延ばす能力を決定した。選択された収着材料を最初に高圧CO2環境下で飽和させた。収着剤材料を、ついで、20ozボトル内に置き、そのボトルをドライアイスで急速に炭酸化させてキャップした。モレキュラーシーブは、市販供給元から入手し、受け取ったまま使用するかまたは減圧下で乾燥させて使用した。以降で考察する13Xモレキュラーシーブは、Aldrich Chemical Companyから入手し、受け取ったまま使用するかまたは使用前に減圧下で乾燥させた。ボトルからのCO2が抜ける速度を経時的に記録した。結果は、以下の表3に示す:
ボトルを過圧し、過剰のCO2をモレキュラーシーブに貯蔵し、吸収されたCO2をボトルヘッドスペースに戻すという概念を試験するために、実験を行った。各々が15ccの水を含有し、ドライアイスで炭酸化させた4組の12ozボトルを試験した。第1組は対照であり、4.0vol.のCO2のみを装填した。第2組は、4.75vol.のCO2と、減圧下で乾燥させ試験管に入れた微細粉末の13Xモレキュラーシーブ約3グラムとをボトル内に入れた。第3組は、4.75vol.のCO2と、試験管に入れた未乾燥の微細粉末の13Xモレキュラーシーブ約3グラムをボトル内に入れた。
1716口部とCSD閉止部材(蓋)とを有するPETビールボトルを炭酸化させて、3.3vol.CO2レベルとした。これは、業界の典型的なレベルよりも幾分高い初期炭酸化レベルである。ビールの場合、炭酸化レベルが2.7vol.に到達する時に保存寿命に到達する。保存寿命およびCO2が抜ける速度の結果を表4および図2に示す。
CSD閉止部材(蓋)を有する12ozのCSDボトルを炭酸化させて4.0vol.レベルのCO2とした。ソフトドリンクについては、3.3〜3.4vol.CO2で保存寿命に到達する。結果は、表4に示す。
比較実施例5にて使用したのと同一のPETボトル-閉止部材(蓋)組み合わせの内側の試験管内に、1グラムの乾燥させた13Xモレキュラーシーブ粉末を置いた。炭酸化レベル3.6vol.CO2が吸収剤の存在なしで生ずるように、CO2を加えた。結果を図1と表4とに示す。ビールについての最小要求2.7vol.CO2に達するまで、炭酸化をモニターした。パッケージの内側に吸収剤を入れると、ボトル内で測定されるCO2の瞬時の減少を生じ、パッケージの保存寿命は、比較実施例5よりも36日延びた。
12オンスCSDボトルとCSD閉止部材(蓋)とを使用した以外は、実施例5のように、本実験を実施した。同様のPETボトルの内側の試験管内に1グラムの乾燥させたモレキュラーシーブ粉末を入れた。吸収剤の存在なしで炭酸化レベル4.35vol.を生ずるように、CO2を加えた。炭酸化レベルを経時的にモニターした。結果を図2と表4とに示す。パッケージの内側に吸収剤を入れると、遊離のCO2の瞬時の減少を生じ、パッケージの保存寿命は、比較例6と比較する時、42日だけ伸びた。
モレキュラーシーブ1gを使用し、上記した手順に従い、種々の市販のモレキュラーシーブ(以下の表に個々の文字で示す)を試験した。これらの材料は、種々の製造元(以下の表にて“Mfr”として示す)から入手し、入手したまま使用した。加えた二酸化炭素体積4.5vol.でPCO(plastic closure only:プラスチック蓋のみ)口部(finish)を有する12オンスのCSDボトル内で、1グラムの各材料を試験した。初期二酸化炭素圧力は、充填後、1時間測定した。これらのモレキュラーシーブに基づくデータを表5に示す。
Spex Mill粉砕機を使用し、13Xシーブの粉末試料を粉砕して、その粒子寸法を小さくし、その表面積を大きくした。粉砕する前および後のAldrich 13Xシーブの表面積および粒子寸法を表8に示す。
モレキュラーシーブを押圧して、錠剤とし、その錠剤をボトルの蒸気空間に暴露させるかまたはその錠剤を容器内側の水に浸漬するかのいずれかによって、試験した。結果を表10に示す。
モレキュラーシーブ錠剤を圧縮によって製造し、125℃で乾燥させた。10部のエラストマーと1部の硬化剤とを混合することによって、General Electiric Silicone RTV615A 01Pの2%ヘプタン溶液で、これらを塗膜した。錠剤をコーティングに浸し、室温で風乾させた。塗膜および未塗膜錠剤を12オンスCSDボトルのヘッドスペースに置き、上記のように試験し、その結果を表11に示す。
閉止部材(蓋)の内側に嵌合しライナーシール機構としても作用するカップを射出成形することによって小さなインサートを製造した。このカップは、1gのモレキュラーシーブ物質が入り、12オンスCSDボトルの口部(finish)の内側に嵌合するように設計した。これらのカップは、ポリエチレンおよびポリプロピレンから射出成形され、これらのカップ内に置いたモレキュラーシーブの炭酸化保持性能を上記のように試験した。データを表12に示す。
13Xモレキュラーシーブとアスカライト(二酸化炭素吸収鉱物)の性能は、各材料1gを使用し、上記のように比較する。結果を表13に示す。
CO2放出を調節する便利な方法は、パッケージと飲料との接触による方法であろう。多くの炭酸ソフトドリンクはかなり酸性であり、酸性度はPETボトルまたは閉止部材(蓋)内に組み込まれた二酸化炭素調節剤からのCO2放出のための便利な開始剤となる。飲料に見られる一般的な酸としては、リン酸およびクエン酸が挙げられる。
結合剤としてPETを有する4A押出したペレットの錠剤を製造し、飽和させた。4Aシーブ11.3グラムを4.8グラムのPETとともに使用した。2つの材料を一緒にブレンドし、10000psigの圧力プレス内でほぼ100〜120℃の温度で円筒状の圧縮体に形成した。錠剤を室温、300psigで36時間かけてCO2で飽和させた。錠剤は、平均で、1.47グラムのCO2を吸収した。錠剤を半分に切り、それらをボトルに入れた。ボトル(6)を閉じ、モニターした。図10は、保存寿命が4Aプレサチュレーション(presaturation)の材料で延びることを示す。ボトル中のCO2レベルの最大は、4A材料から発生するCO2の遅いプロセスを現す試験を通して部分的に生じた。
PET炭酸飲料ボトルの内側に適当な吸収剤を入れると、ボトルの内部圧力の増加を生ずることなく、追加のCO2を加えることができる。これは、実施例5および6について容易に分かる。実施例5については、CO2を加えると、炭酸化レベル3.6vol.を生ずるが、密封後、3.38volだけが測定された。実施例6にて、4.35vol.を加えると、密封後1時間以内に、3.89vol.だけが測定された。各場合において、CO2は、過炭酸化がボトルに影響を及ぼさないように急速に吸収された。
Claims (1)
- 炭酸飲料容器に二酸化炭素ガスを補充するための方法であって、
ia. 前記容器内または前記容器の閉止部材内に、二酸化炭素ガスを吸収しかつ放出可能な材料であって、二酸化炭素を予め装填した材料を含む二酸化炭素調節剤を挿入し;
ii. 前記容器から二酸化炭素が抜ける速度にほぼ等しい速度で前記二酸化炭素調節剤から二酸化炭素を放出して容器内に二酸化炭素ガスを補充する;
各工程を含む方法。
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| JP4931305B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-30 | 2012-05-16 | 株式会社デルタツーリング | マグネットユニット |
| AU2002223801A1 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-27 | Rexam Containers Limited | Gas adsorption means for a container |
| DE60118031T2 (de) | 2000-12-19 | 2006-12-07 | Csp Technologies, Inc. | Eine morphologie mit untereinander verbundenen kanälen aufweisende zusammensetzung zur abgabe von co2 |
| US20030144402A1 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-07-31 | Schenck Timothy Tyler | Blends of polyamide and polyester for barrier packaging |
| US7314895B2 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2008-01-01 | Csp Technologies, Inc. | Thermoplastic composition comprising a CO2 releasing material |
-
2005
- 2005-02-25 EP EP05723926A patent/EP1729601A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-25 JP JP2007500774A patent/JP4585566B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-25 CA CA002556045A patent/CA2556045A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-25 KR KR1020067019670A patent/KR101202628B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-25 SG SG200806978-3A patent/SG146669A1/en unknown
- 2005-02-25 WO PCT/US2005/006268 patent/WO2005084464A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-02-25 AU AU2005218479A patent/AU2005218479A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-25 BR BRPI0507672-2A patent/BRPI0507672A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-02-25 RU RU2006133857/13A patent/RU2396057C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-25 US US11/065,850 patent/US7838056B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
- 2006-08-22 ZA ZA2006/07026A patent/ZA200607026B/en unknown
- 2006-09-26 NO NO20064319A patent/NO332297B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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2010
- 2010-07-09 JP JP2010156385A patent/JP5074559B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-11-22 US US12/951,819 patent/US20110265662A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7838056B2 (en) | 2010-11-23 |
| EP1729601A2 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
| AU2005218479A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| WO2005084464A3 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
| RU2006133857A (ru) | 2008-04-10 |
| ZA200607026B (en) | 2008-04-30 |
| NO332297B1 (no) | 2012-08-20 |
| US20110265662A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
| SG146669A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
| RU2396057C2 (ru) | 2010-08-10 |
| JP5074559B2 (ja) | 2012-11-14 |
| KR20070009595A (ko) | 2007-01-18 |
| JP2010265043A (ja) | 2010-11-25 |
| US20050230415A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
| WO2005084464A2 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| KR101202628B1 (ko) | 2012-11-19 |
| NO20064319L (no) | 2006-11-27 |
| HK1099492A1 (en) | 2007-08-17 |
| JP2007526771A (ja) | 2007-09-20 |
| CA2556045A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| BRPI0507672A (pt) | 2007-07-17 |
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