JP4589904B2 - Residual pesticide concentration calculation device and crop harvest appropriate time determination device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for determining a distribution of a spray amount when spraying an agrochemical. More specifically, the mass of pesticide adhering to the pesticide adhesion surface of the judgment object installed inside and outside the field is measured by optical analysis technology, the pesticide mass per unit area is predicted and calculated, and the residual pesticide concentration in the crop is predicted and calculated. Or, it relates to a technique for determining an appropriate harvest time.

In recent years, with the amendment of the Food Sanitation Law, attention has been focused on residual agricultural chemicals in agricultural crops in response to the establishment of strict residual agricultural chemical reference values for some agricultural crops. Therefore, appropriate pesticide spraying and accurate measurement of residual pesticide values at the time of shipment are required. When spraying pesticides, spraying concentrates on a specific part of the field, the amount of spraying increases, the residual pesticide value at the time of harvest becomes larger than the reference value, and shipping can not be performed, and gusty wind etc. If the agrochemicals are scattered outside the field to be sprayed due to natural phenomena, and the so-called drift has caused the pesticides to adhere to the crops just before harvesting, the residual pesticide values may exceed the reference value and cannot be shipped. was there. Therefore, the confirmation of the application status such as the distribution of the amount of pesticide application and the determination of drift, etc. occupies an important position in order to avoid such loss. Conventionally, as a method for confirming the state of spraying, such as the amount of agricultural chemicals and the concentration of agricultural chemicals, at the time of spraying agricultural chemicals and after spraying agricultural chemicals, visual confirmation by workers or confirmation using water-sensitive paper has been employed (for example, see Patent Document 1). . In addition, as a method for determining the residual pesticide concentration, water sensitive paper is installed in the field, water sensitive paper is collected after spraying the agricultural chemical, image processing is performed, and the concentration is predicted and calculated from the processing results. It was.
JP 2001-172104 A

However, with the visual confirmation method, it was not possible to determine the exact state of agrochemical adhesion. In addition, the confirmation work was time-consuming. On the other hand, in the confirmation method using the water-sensitive paper described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to quantify the agricultural chemical adhesion data such as the agricultural chemical application amount and the agricultural chemical concentration. Furthermore, the criterion for determining whether or not the residual agricultural chemical standard value is exceeded after spraying the agricultural chemical is based on the rule of thumb of workers and the like and lacks certainty. In addition, in the confirmation method using water-sensitive paper, not only pesticides but also water is judged to be pesticides (the water-sensitive paper has been discolored in response to water), and it cannot cope with the so-called melting unevenness of the pesticide aqueous solution. There is also a problem that the measurement accuracy is lowered due to changes in installation angle, installation position, etc. in response to natural conditions such as wind. Moreover, since the measurement method using water sensitive paper cannot cope with natural conditions such as rainfall after spraying agricultural chemicals, the measurement was limited to the time of spraying. The present invention has been made in view of such problems, can accurately determine the distribution amount of agricultural chemicals inside and outside the field, and further, a measuring device for measuring the amount of agricultural chemicals whose measurement results are not affected by natural conditions, etc., and residual agricultural chemicals for agricultural products It is to provide a concentration calculation device . Furthermore, when the residual pesticide concentration exceeds the reference value, it is to provide an apparatus for calculating a period required to fall below the reference value.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

In Claim 1, it is a calculation apparatus of the agricultural-residue pesticide density | concentration inside and outside the field of agricultural chemical application object, Comprising: The determination body (1) which has a non-water-absorbing and a planar pesticide adhesion surface in the measurement suitable place inside and outside the field A plurality of the pesticides were applied, and after the spraying of the pesticide or before the harvest time, the amount of the pesticide attached to the determination body (1) was measured by the analysis device (10) using the optical analysis technique, and attached to the determination body (1). The relationship between the amount of pesticide and the residual pesticide concentration of the crop is obtained in advance from the amount of pesticide sprayed and the measured residual pesticide concentration, created and stored as an actual residual concentration relationship table (13), and the actual residual concentration relationship table (13) In the residual agricultural chemical concentration calculation apparatus for calculating the agricultural chemical residual agricultural chemical concentration based on the above, the determination body (1) is detachable from the measuring plate (2) having the agricultural chemical adhesion surface on the upper surface and the measuring plate (2). Fixed support base ( The measurement plate (2) is made of a non-water-absorbing material plate, and the support base (3) includes a top plate portion (4), an angle adjustment portion (5), and a height adjustment portion (6 ), A leg portion (7), a top plate portion (4) is arranged on the uppermost portion of the support base (3), and the measurement plate (2) is easily attached to and detached from the top plate portion (4). The angle adjusting part (5) is configured so that the top plate part (4) is horizontal at the lower center position of the top plate part (4), and the angle adjusting part (5) The first shaft (21) extends downward, the second shaft (22) extends further downward, and the height adjusting portion (6) is disposed at the upper end of the second shaft (22). The leg (7) is arranged at the lower end, and the judgment body (1) is arranged with the pesticide adhering surface of the measuring plate (2) substantially horizontally upward, and the pesticide adhering surface is adjusted by the height adjusting unit (6). The measurement plate (2 Located and attached identification member (23) other than the surface, the write data in the scatter location to the position identification member (23), in which is respectively to be identified.

According to claim 2, a plurality of determination bodies (1) having non-water-absorbing and planar pesticide adhesion surfaces are installed at measurement locations inside and outside the field, and after spraying pesticides or before harvesting time, the analyzer (10) Measure the amount of pesticide adhering to the judgment body (1) using the optical analysis technique, and after spraying the prescribed amount of pesticide to the crop, collect the crop every predetermined period and measure it. Is calculated in advance, the relationship between the amount of the applied pesticide and the residual agricultural chemical concentration change process is obtained, created and stored as a change relation table (14), and the amount of pesticide adhering to the determination body (1) and the change relation table ( 14) In the crop harvest appropriate time determination device, which determines the proper crop harvest time, the determination body (1) includes a measurement plate (2) having an agrochemical adhesion surface on the upper surface, and the measurement plate ( 2) A support that detachably supports Consists of a base (3), the measuring plate (2) is composed of a non-water-absorbing material plate, and the support base (3) includes a top plate part (4), an angle adjustment part (5), and a height adjustment. The top plate portion (4) is arranged on the top of the support base (3), and the measurement plate (2) is placed on the top plate portion (4). And an angle adjusting part (5) is formed at the lower center position of the top plate part (4) so that the top plate part (4) is horizontal, and the angle adjusting part. From (5), the first shaft (21) is extended downward, the second shaft (22) is further extended downward, and the height adjusting portion (6) is provided at the upper end of the second shaft (22). The leg (7) is arranged at the lower end, the judgment body (1) arranges the pesticide adhesion surface of the measuring plate (2) substantially horizontally upward, and the pesticide adhesion surface is adjusted to the height adjustment unit ( 6) can be changed according to the above measurement (2) at a position other than the surface of and attached to the identification member (23), it writes the data in the scatter location to the position identification member (23), in which is respectively to be identified.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

The apparatus for calculating the residual agricultural chemical concentration in and outside the field to which the agricultural chemical is to be applied as defined in claim 1, wherein the judgment body (1) having a non-water-absorbing and planar pesticide-adhering surface is placed in a suitable measuring position inside and outside the field. A plurality of the pesticides were applied, and after the spraying of the pesticide or before the harvest time, the amount of the pesticide attached to the determination body (1) was measured by the analysis device (10) using the optical analysis technique, and attached to the determination body (1). The relationship between the amount of pesticide and the residual pesticide concentration of the crop is obtained in advance from the amount of pesticide sprayed and the measured residual pesticide concentration, created and stored as an actual residual concentration relationship table (13), and the actual residual concentration relationship table (13) In the residual agricultural chemical concentration calculation apparatus for calculating the agricultural chemical residual agricultural chemical concentration based on the above, the determination body (1) is detachable from the measuring plate (2) having the agricultural chemical adhesion surface on the upper surface and the measuring plate (2). Fixed support base (3) The measurement plate (2) is made of a non-water-absorbing material plate, and the support (3) includes a top plate portion (4), an angle adjustment portion (5), and a height adjustment portion (6). The top plate portion (4) is arranged on the uppermost portion of the support base (3), and the measurement plate (2) is easily attached to and detached from the top plate portion (4). The angle adjusting part (5) is configured so that the top plate part (4) is horizontal at the lower part of the center position of the top plate part (4). The first shaft (21) extends downward, the second shaft (22) extends further downward, and the height adjusting portion (6) is disposed at the upper end of the second shaft (22), A leg part (7) is arranged at the lower end, and the judgment body (1) arranges the pesticide adhesion surface of the measuring plate (2) substantially horizontally upward, and the pesticide adhesion surface is changed by the height adjustment part (6). Of the measuring plate (2) And attached identification member (23) in a position other than the plane, the write data in the scatter location to the position identification member (23), since each was identifiable, pesticides colorless transparent such that overlooked by visual confirmation Can also be detected. In addition, by installing the determination body outside the field, it is possible to check the drift situation to the surroundings. In the target field, it is possible to check whether the pesticide is attached in the intended amount. By using optical analysis technology, the prediction result of the mass of pesticide per unit area can be obtained immediately after measurement, and at the same time, the concentration of residual pesticide is predicted. It can be calculated. Furthermore, since it has a non-water-absorbing pesticide adhesion surface, it is not affected by the so-called non-uniformity of the pesticide aqueous solution, and the amount of pesticide adhesion can be measured accurately and can be used repeatedly by washing, so that it is economical.
It is also possible to continue installing the judgment object from the early growing season to before the harvesting time of the crop, and the concentration of the agricultural chemical attached to the judging body can be measured in a situation closer to the actual state of the agricultural chemical adhesion on the crop surface. In addition, by predicting the mass of pesticides per unit area of each pesticide component immediately before the harvest time, it is possible to indicate the high risk of each component, and it is possible to narrow down the pesticide components subject to instrument analysis after harvest, There is no need to generate unnecessary analysis costs.

As in claim 2, a plurality of determination bodies (1) having a non-water-absorbing and planar pesticide adhesion surface are installed at measurement locations inside and outside the field, and after spraying the pesticide or before the harvest time, the analyzer (10) Measure the amount of pesticide adhering to the judgment body (1) using the optical analysis technique, and after spraying the prescribed amount of pesticide to the crop, collect the crop every predetermined period and measure it. Is calculated in advance, the relationship between the amount of the applied pesticide and the residual agricultural chemical concentration change process is obtained, created and stored as a change relation table (14), and the amount of pesticide adhering to the determination body (1) and the change relation table ( 14) In the crop harvest appropriate time determination device, which determines the proper crop harvest time, the determination body (1) includes a measurement plate (2) having an agrochemical adhesion surface on the upper surface, and the measurement plate ( 2) Support base for detachably fixing and supporting 3), the measurement plate (2) is made of a non-water-absorbing material plate, and the support base (3) includes a top plate portion (4), an angle adjustment portion (5), a height adjustment portion ( 6) It is composed of a leg (7), a top plate (4) is arranged on the top of the support base (3), and the measurement plate (2) is attached to and detached from the top plate (4). An angle adjusting part (5) is configured so that the top plate part (4) is horizontal at the lower part of the center position of the top plate part (4). ), The first shaft (21) is extended downward, the second shaft (22) is further extended downward, and the height adjusting portion (6) is arranged at the upper end of the second shaft (22). The leg (7) is disposed at the lower end, and the determination body (1) has the pesticide adhesion surface of the measuring plate (2) disposed substantially horizontally upward, and the pesticide adhesion surface is adjusted to the height adjustment unit (6). Can be changed by the measurement plate ( A position other than the surface of) was attached an identification member (23), writes the data in the scatter location to the position identification member (23), since each has a distinguishable, by visual confirmation overlooked colorless transparent such Pesticides can also be detected. In addition, by installing the determination body outside the field, it is possible to check the drift situation to the surroundings. In the target field, it is possible to check whether the pesticide is attached in the intended amount. By using optical analysis technology, the prediction result of the mass of pesticide per unit area can be obtained immediately after measurement, and at the same time, the concentration of residual pesticide is predicted. It can be calculated. Furthermore, since it has a non-water-absorbing pesticide adhesion surface, it is not affected by the so-called non-uniformity of the pesticide aqueous solution, and the amount of pesticide adhesion can be measured accurately and can be used repeatedly by washing, so that it is economical.
It is also possible to continue installing the judgment object from the early growing season to before the harvesting time of the crop, and the concentration of the agricultural chemical attached to the judging body can be measured in a situation closer to the actual state of the agricultural chemical adhesion on the crop surface. In addition, by predicting the mass of pesticide per unit area of each agrochemical component immediately before the harvest period, it is possible to indicate the high risk of each component, and it is possible to narrow down the pesticide components subject to instrument analysis after harvest, There is no need to generate unnecessary analysis costs.
Further, by examining the longevity of residual agricultural chemicals exceeding the reference value, it is possible to determine an accurate shipping time and to prevent the shipment of agricultural products exceeding the reference value. In addition, when drifting to another person's field, it is possible to take measures such as having the harvest time taken into account by providing information on the long-lasting period.

Moreover , in addition to the effect which concerns on Claim 1 or Claim 2, it is hard to flow down with respect to the agricultural chemical sprayed from upper direction, and it becomes possible to measure agricultural chemical adhesion correctly.

Further, in addition to the effect according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is difficult to be deformed when it is installed or collected, and it becomes easy to install and handle the judgment object.

Moreover , in addition to the effect which concerns on Claim 1 or Claim 2, an agrochemical adhesion surface can be set to the substantially the same height as a crop, and it can detect on the substantially the same conditions as the agrochemical adhering to a crop.

Further, in addition to the effect according to claim 1 or claim 2, there is no mistake when collecting and measuring a plurality of determination bodies, and post-management of the distribution information such as the arrangement positions of the determination bodies and the dispersed agricultural chemical data. It becomes possible to easily process the data at the same time, and at the same time, by considering the weather conditions at the time of spraying together, it becomes possible to provide feedback when spraying the agricultural chemicals next time.

Further, in addition to the effect according to claim 1 or claim 2, the judgment object may be thrown away or moved in position when it is affected by wind affected by unmanned helicopter, etc. The stability of the judgment object is improved and accurate detection can be performed.

Moreover , in addition to the effect which concerns on Claim 1 or Claim 2, it becomes possible to install a determination body in a desired location reliably irrespective of land conditions, such as ground ups and downs.

  Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a determination body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view according to the configuration of the analyzer and the computer.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram at the time of measurement after the application of agricultural chemicals.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view according to an arrangement example of the determination bodies at the time of spraying agricultural chemicals.

<Determinant>
First, the structure of the determination body 1 which concerns on one Example of this invention is demonstrated using FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the determination body 1 includes a measurement plate 2 having an agrochemical adhesion surface on the upper surface, and a support base 3 that detachably fixes and supports the measurement plate 2. The measurement plate 2 is made of a non-water-absorbing material such as polypropylene (PP) or acrylonitrile / butadiene styrene resin (ABS resin) and is made of a synthetic resin plate or metal plate or glass or ceramics having high chemical resistance. It shall have a sufficient rigidity.

  However, it is also possible to coat a chemical-resistant substance on the surface of paper, wood, metal plate or the like having sufficient rigidity, to treat the surface, or to stick a film.

  In addition, the measurement plate 2 is a quadrangle (square) in the present embodiment in plan view so that the amount of spraying per unit area can be easily calculated, but the shape is not limited. The support 3 includes a top plate portion 4, an angle adjustment portion 5, a height adjustment portion 6, a leg portion 7, a first shaft 21, and a second shaft 22. More specifically, a square-shaped top plate portion 4 is disposed on the uppermost portion of the support base 3, and the top plate portion 4 has an upper surface having an area that is substantially the same as or slightly larger than the measurement plate 2, The upper surface is provided with means for fixing the measuring plate 2 easily. For example, L-shaped protrusions 4a, 4a,... Having a predetermined height are provided at the square vertex positions of the measurement plate 2. And the angle adjustment part 5 is arrange | positioned in the center position lower part of this top-plate part 4 in planar view. A first shaft 21 extends downward from the angle adjuster 5, a second shaft 22 extends further downward, and a height adjuster 6 is disposed at the upper end of the second shaft 22, A leg 7 is disposed at the lower end of the shaft 22. In addition, it is also possible to fix using the clip etc. instead of the projection parts 4a, 4a,. Absent.

  The angle adjuster 5 can be fixed at an angle by a bolt 5a by disposing a spherical joint below the center position of the top plate 4. Thus, the top plate portion 4 is adjusted and fixedly supported so as to face upward (become horizontal). That is, it supports the pesticide adhering surface of the measuring plate 2 so as to face upward, and ensures the accuracy of the measurement by the judging body 1 regardless of the land conditions such as the inclination of the field. The angle adjuster 5 may be configured to be supported by the rotation fulcrum shafts in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction to fix the fulcrum shafts. The configuration is not limited. The lower part of the angle adjusting unit 5 is fixed to the upper end of the first shaft 21.

  The first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are hollow, the first shaft 21 is slidably fitted to the second shaft 22, and the height adjustment is arranged at the upper end of the second shaft 22. The part 6 is configured to be fastened and fixed by a bolt 6 a or the like, and the first shaft 21 is adjusted to slide (extend / contract) in the second shaft 22, so that the first shaft 21 is raised relative to the second shaft 22. The height of the top plate portion 4 can be set to a desired height by being fastened and fixed by the height adjusting portion 6. Thus, the set height of the measurement plate 2 can be made substantially the same as that of the agricultural product, and the accuracy of measurement by the determination object 1 is ensured regardless of the height of the agricultural product. Note that the height adjusting unit 6 is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment as long as the height adjustment in a predetermined range is possible.

  The leg portion 7 is fixed to the lower end portion of the second shaft 22 with a bolt or the like, and is constituted by a plurality of ground feet 8, 8,... Extending radially from the lower end portion of the second shaft 22, and the tip portion of each ground foot 8 Has a substantially circular fixing portion 9, and the fixing portions 9, 9... Have holes 9 a, 9 a. The number of the grounding feet 8 may be any number as long as the stability of the determination body 1 can be ensured (for example, three in this embodiment). In addition, a polygonal or disk-like plate-like body can be used as the grounding portion instead of the grounding foot 8, and the structure is not limited as long as it is a so-called stand and can be stabilized. Preferably, it is preferable to fix to the ground with a pile or the like in order to avoid falling over due to external factors or changing the installation position. The leg portion 7 is not limited to the shape of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and can be applied if it has a predetermined weight and can be fixed to the ground.

  Furthermore, ID information is individually added to the determination body 1. That is, an identification member 23 is attached to a position (side surface in this embodiment) other than the surface of the measurement plate 2 so that each can be identified. The identification member 23 is configured with a number, a barcode, an ID tag, or the like. In the present embodiment, by attaching an ID tag, it is possible to easily confirm the measurement result after spraying. In other words, by writing the data of the application location on the ID tag, the ID tag data is read from the measuring plate 2 to the computer (control means) 11 and stored (stored) at the time of residual pesticide measurement. The pesticide residue data measured in the place is also stored. By processing in this way, it is possible to easily analyze the application state of agricultural chemicals, such as the amount of agricultural chemicals and the distribution of agricultural chemicals, and to store the results and output such as display. Therefore, as will be described later, when the crop is shipped, the agricultural chemical information of the crop can be called up and disclosed from the computer 11, and the consumer's trust can be obtained. Furthermore, if the residual reference value is exceeded, it can be fed back to the next application by investigating the cause and identifying the lot in question.

  Since it comprised in this way, when installing the determination body 1 in a measurement location, first, the fixing | fixed part 9 of the leg part 7 is fixed to the ground, and the top-plate part 4 is the crop by the height adjustment part 6 next. Adjust the height so that it is approximately the same height as. Further, the angle adjustment unit 5 is adjusted so that the top plate part 4 is directed upward (horizontal), and finally, the measurement plate 2 with ID tag in which the data of the spraying place is written is fixed to the top plate unit 4. do it. In this way, the determination body 1 can be fixed at a desired installation position in a state suitable for measurement regardless of the state of the ground, whether inside or outside the field. Moreover, it becomes possible to measure the pesticide adhesion surface at an appropriate height and in an appropriate direction regardless of the type of crop, and an accurate measurement of the sprayed pesticide becomes possible.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the analyzer 10 serving as a measuring means using the optical analysis technique used in this embodiment and the computer 11 connected to the analyzer 10 will be described.

  The analyzer 10 used in this embodiment is a measuring instrument using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), and the measuring method applies a diffuse reflection method. In the diffuse reflection method, light emitted from a light source passes through an interferometer to become interference light, the interference light is irradiated onto the subject, and the detection unit detects diffuse reflected light reflected from the subject, and this detection light Is converted into a digital signal by an A / D converter, and the digital signal is Fourier-transformed using a predetermined arithmetic means, and quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The computer 11 is connected to the analyzer 10 and receives a digital signal input from the analyzer 10. Then, the digital signal is Fourier-transformed into a diffuse reflection spectrum and analyzed under a predetermined condition to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the subject. Further, the computer 11 is provided with a memory 15 serving as storage means, and a calibration formula 12 for predicting and calculating the mass of the agricultural chemical to be measured is stored in the memory 15 in advance. The calibration formula 12 is obtained in advance by a test or the like. More specifically, the calibration formula 12 is measured with respect to the measurement plate 2 having a known mass of agrochemical attached to the surface, and a diffuse reflection spectrum detected, The relational expression with the mass of the pesticide is derived. The calibration formula 12 obtained in this way is stored in the memory 15, and the agrochemical mass per unit area is predicted and calculated using the calibration formula 12 at the time of measurement by the analyzer 10, and the prediction result is displayed on the display unit 11a. Is configured to display. In this way, the mass of the pesticide adhering to one or a plurality of locations on the pesticide adhesion surface of the measurement plate 2 can be measured by the analyzer 10. At the same time, the mass of pesticide per unit area can be predicted and calculated using the calibration formula 12, and the operator can know the prediction result. In addition, the prediction result is stored in the memory 15, and book data such as the pesticide application time, the amount of the applied agricultural chemical, the wind direction at the time of applying the agricultural chemical, and the wind speed are also stored in the memory 15, so It can also be used to prevent drift. Although the diffuse reflection method is applied in this embodiment, a measurement method such as a total reflection measurement method (ATR method) can be applied under a predetermined condition.

<Method for calculating residual pesticide concentration>
First, a pesticide having a known component is diluted to a predetermined concentration, and the pesticide (aqueous solution) is sprayed on the crop and the measurement plate 2, and the sprayed crop and the measurement plate 2 are collected for each concentration, Calculate the residual pesticide concentration. Thus, the relationship between the concentration level of the measurement plate 2 for investigation and the residual agricultural chemical concentration of the crop is obtained from the agricultural chemical application amount (concentration of applied chemical) and the measured residual agricultural chemical concentration, and the actual residual concentration relationship table (map) 13 is obtained. Can be created. The actual residual density relationship table 13 is stored in advance in the memory 15 of the computer 11. And the measurement board 2 is collect | recovered after an agricultural chemical spraying, the agricultural chemical mass per unit area is estimated and calculated by the said analyzer 10, an agricultural chemical density | concentration is calculated, and the said residual concentration relation table 13 is referred using the agricultural chemical density | concentration. By doing so, the residual pesticide concentration of the crop can be calculated. At the same time, the display unit 11a is configured to display these prediction results.

<How to determine the appropriate harvest time>
Agricultural chemicals applied to agricultural products are decomposed by sunlight, soil microorganisms, and the action of enzymes in the agricultural products, and after application, the residual agricultural chemical concentration in the agricultural products decreases. In the present invention, by examining this consumption period, the period required to fall below the reference value is examined, and the appropriate crop harvesting period is determined. Specifically, first, an agricultural chemical having a known component is sprayed on a specified amount of agricultural crop, and after spraying, the agricultural crop is collected and measured every predetermined period to calculate the residual agricultural chemical concentration. Then, the period required until the residual pesticide concentration falls below the reference value in the same lot, and the change process thereof are examined. The relationship between the amount of sprayed pesticide and the residual pesticide concentration change process is derived and created as a change relation table 14, and the change relation table 14 is stored in the memory 15 of the computer 11 in advance. And before spraying a predetermined amount of the pesticide in the field and harvesting the crop, the amount of residual pesticide adhering to the surface of the measurement plate 2 is measured by the analyzer 10 and the measured value is calculated by the method for calculating the residual pesticide concentration. Compared with the calculated residual pesticide concentration, if it is below the shipping standard value, it is harvested. If the shipping standard value is exceeded, the longevity relationship table 14 is referenced to identify the longevity period and the residual pesticide value Or the date when the shipment becomes possible is displayed on the display unit 11a.

  The computer 11 refers to the actual residual concentration relationship table 13 and the fluctuation relationship table 14 created in this way, so that the mass of the pesticide adhering to one or a plurality of locations on the surface of the measurement plate 2 by the analyzer 10 can be determined. Measure and predict and calculate the mass of pesticide per unit area, and at the same time, predict and calculate the residual pesticide concentration of the crop with reference to the actual residual concentration relationship table 13, and if the residual pesticide concentration exceeds the reference value Referring to the change relation table 14, it is possible to calculate the consumption period and determine the appropriate harvest period. Moreover, since it is comprised so that these measurement results may be simultaneously displayed on the display part 11a, the operator can confirm a result immediately after a measurement. Along with these measurement results, the agrochemical application amount distribution and each book data are stored in the memory 15 so that feedback can be performed at the next application of the agricultural chemical.

  Since the agrochemical adhesion surface of the judgment object 1 is non-water-absorbing, and the installation state of the judgment object 1 is guaranteed to be stable, the installation period of the judgment object 1 is not limited to the time of spraying the agricultural chemical, but the growing season By leaving it at the installation position as it is from the initial stage to the harvesting period, it is possible to perform measurement in a situation closer to the state of pesticide adhesion on the crop surface. In addition, the angle and height of the measurement plate 2 can be appropriately adjusted by the angle adjusting unit 5 and the height adjusting unit 6 in accordance with the growth of the crop, and the accuracy of measurement is also ensured. For example, accurate measurement results including a wide variety of pesticide spraying histories, dust, and the effects of precipitation can be obtained. It is also possible to indicate the high risk for each agricultural chemical component by collecting the determination body 1 and measuring it at a time desired by the operator such as the harvesting time. This makes it possible to narrow down and avoid unnecessary cost of analysis. In the unlikely event that another person's drift to the field is detected, it is possible to provide information on the remaining period of residual pesticides and to take measures such as considering the harvest time.

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a plurality of the determination bodies 1 are installed at appropriate positions inside and outside the field to be sprayed with agricultural chemicals, and after spraying agricultural chemicals, the measuring plate 2 is mounted on a vehicle equipped with the analyzer 10 and the computer 11. By collecting and measuring each using the analyzer 10, it is possible to predict and calculate the mass of the agricultural chemical per unit area at the place where the determination body 1 is installed, and determine the state of agricultural chemical application. Moreover, it is also possible to detect the drift state at the time of spraying the agricultural chemical by installing not only the agricultural field to which the agricultural chemical is sprayed but also the non-spraying target field. Specifically, in the agricultural chemical application target field, the determination bodies 1 are installed at predetermined intervals from the field end. Moreover, the determination body 1 is installed at a position away from the end of the agricultural chemical spraying target field in a non-target agricultural chemical spraying field or a fence or a farm road in the vicinity of the agricultural chemical spraying target field. The installation positions of the installed judgment bodies 1... Are written as data in the ID tag. And pesticide is sprayed and the measurement board 2 is collect | recovered. The amount of the pesticide adhering to the measurement plate 2 is measured by the above method, and it can be determined from the measurement plate 2 installed in the agricultural chemical application target field whether or not the amount of the pesticide per unit area is appropriate. From this result, when the spraying amount is insufficient or too large, the spraying amount of the spraying device can be adjusted, or the dilution amount of the pesticide itself can be changed. Moreover, the drift amount can be detected from the measurement plate 2 installed in the agricultural chemical application non-target field, and from this result, to which position on the windward side with respect to the wind speed, how far away it can be It is possible to determine whether or not is within an allowable range. After the measurement, the measuring plate 2 is returned to the original position again so that the residual agricultural chemical can be measured until the harvest.

In this way, the apparatus for calculating the agricultural chemical residual pesticide concentration inside and outside the field to which the pesticide is applied is a non-water-absorbent and has a planar pesticide-attached determination body 1, 1. A plurality of installed pesticides are used to measure the amount of pesticide adhering to the judgment body 1 using the analyzer 10 and the computer 11 after the spraying of the pesticide or before the harvest time, and the actual residual concentration relationship between the amount of the applied pesticide and the amount of the pesticide residue Since the agricultural chemical residue pesticide concentration is calculated on the basis of the table 13, it is possible to detect colorless and transparent pesticides that are often overlooked by visual confirmation. In addition, it is possible to check the state of drift to the surroundings by installing the determination bodies 1... Outside the field. In the target field, it becomes possible to confirm whether the agricultural chemical is attached in the intended amount, and by using the analyzer 10 and the computer 11, the prediction result of the agricultural chemical mass per unit area can be obtained immediately after the measurement, and at the same time, the residual Predict and calculate pesticide concentration. Furthermore, since it has a non-water-absorbing pesticide adhesion surface, it is not affected by the so-called non-uniformity of the pesticide aqueous solution, and the amount of pesticide adhesion can be measured accurately and can be used repeatedly by washing, so that it is economical. In addition, by continuing to install the judgment bodies 1, 1... From the beginning of the growing season to before the harvesting time, it is possible to measure the concentration of the agricultural chemical attached to the judgment body in a situation closer to the actual state of the agricultural chemical adhesion on the crop surface. In addition, by predicting the mass of pesticides per unit area of each pesticide component immediately before the harvest time, it is possible to indicate the high risk of each component, and it is possible to narrow down the pesticide components subject to instrument analysis after harvest, There is no need to generate unnecessary analysis costs.

In addition, it is a device for calculating the agricultural chemical residue pesticide concentration inside and outside the field to which pesticides are to be applied, and has multiple non-water-absorbing and flat pesticide-attached judgment bodies installed at measurement points both inside and outside the field. In addition, the amount of pesticide attached to the judgment object is measured using an optical analysis technique before or at the time of harvesting, and the appropriate crop harvest time is determined based on the table 14 of the amount of applied pesticide and the amount of agricultural chemical residue remaining. Therefore, it is possible to detect colorless and transparent pesticides that are often overlooked by visual confirmation. In addition, it is possible to check the state of drift to the surroundings by installing the determination bodies 1... Outside the field. In the target field, it becomes possible to confirm whether the agricultural chemical is attached in the intended amount, and by using the analyzer 10 and the computer 11, the prediction result of the agricultural chemical mass per unit area can be obtained immediately after the measurement, and at the same time, the residual Predict and calculate pesticide concentration. Furthermore, since it has a non-water-absorbing pesticide adhesion surface, it is not affected by the so-called non-uniformity of the pesticide aqueous solution, and the amount of pesticide adhesion can be measured accurately and can be used repeatedly by washing, so that it is economical. In addition, by continuing to install the judgment bodies 1, 1... From the beginning of the growing season to before the harvesting time, it is possible to measure the concentration of the agricultural chemical attached to the judgment body in a situation closer to the actual state of the agricultural chemical adhesion on the crop surface. In addition, by predicting the mass of pesticides per unit area of each pesticide component immediately before the harvest time, it is possible to indicate the high risk of each component, and it is possible to narrow down the pesticide components subject to instrument analysis after harvest, There is no need to generate unnecessary analysis costs. Further, by examining the longevity of residual agricultural chemicals exceeding the reference value, it is possible to determine an accurate shipping time and to prevent the shipment of agricultural products exceeding the reference value. In addition, when drifting to another person's field, it is possible to take measures such as having the harvest time taken into account by providing information on the long-lasting period.

  Moreover, since the said determination body 1 has an agrochemical adhesion surface arranged upwards, it is hard to flow down with respect to the agrochemical sprayed from the upper direction, and an agrochemical adhesion can be measured correctly. Further, since the determination body 1 is arranged in a state where the agrochemical adhesion surface has rigidity, it is difficult to be deformed when it is installed or collected, and the installation, handling, etc. of the determination body 1 are facilitated. In addition, since the determination body 1 has the pesticide adhesion surface supported by the set ground height, the pesticide adhesion surface can be set to substantially the same height as the crop and is detected under substantially the same conditions as the pesticide adhering to the crop. be able to. Further, since the determination body 1 has ID information individually, there is no mistake when collecting and measuring a plurality of determination bodies 1... It becomes possible to easily process the data when post-managing the spraying information, and at the same time, considering the weather conditions at the time of spraying, it is possible to provide feedback when spraying the agricultural chemicals from the next time. In addition, since the determination body 1 has a predetermined weight, the determination body does not fly or move its position even when it is affected by the wind when sprayed by an unmanned helicopter or the influence of a gust of wind. The stability of the judgment object is improved and it can be accurately detected. Moreover, since the determination body 1 has the position fixing means, the determination body can be reliably installed at a desired location regardless of land conditions such as undulation of the ground.

The perspective view of the determination body which concerns on one Example of this invention. The perspective view which concerns on the structure of an analyzer and a computer. The schematic diagram at the time of the measurement after pesticide spraying. The top view which concerns on one example of arrangement | positioning of the determination body at the time of agricultural chemical spraying.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Judgment body 2 Measuring board 10 Analyzing device 11 Computer 11a Display part 12 Calibration type 13 Actual residual concentration relationship table 14 Length change relationship table 15 Memory

Claims (2)

A device for calculating the concentration of pesticide residues in and outside the field to which agricultural chemicals are to be sprayed. A plurality of judgment bodies (1) having non-water-absorbing and flat pesticide-adhering surfaces are installed at appropriate measurement locations inside and outside the field. After or before the harvest time, the amount of pesticide adhering to the determination body (1) is measured by the analysis device (10) using an optical analysis technique, and the amount of agricultural chemical attached to the determination body (1) The relationship with the residual pesticide concentration is obtained in advance from the agricultural chemical application amount and the measured residual pesticide concentration, and is created and stored as an actual residual concentration relationship table (13). Based on the actual residual concentration relationship table (13), the crop residue In the residual pesticide concentration calculating apparatus for calculating the pesticide concentration, the determination body (1) includes a measurement plate (2) having an agrochemical adhesion surface on the upper surface, and a support base that detachably fixes and supports the measurement plate (2) ( 3) The fixed plate (2) is made of a non-water-absorbing material plate, and the support base (3) includes a top plate portion (4), an angle adjustment portion (5), a height adjustment portion (6), and a leg portion (7). ), A top plate portion (4) is disposed on the uppermost portion of the support base (3), and the measurement plate (2) is easily fixed on the top plate portion (4). Then, an angle adjuster (5) is formed at the lower center position of the top plate (4) so that the top plate (4) is horizontal, and the angle adjuster (5) has a first axis ( 21) is extended downward, the second shaft (22) is further extended downward, the height adjusting portion (6) is disposed at the upper end of the second shaft (22), and the leg portion is disposed at the lower end. (7) is arranged, and the determination body (1) is configured such that the pesticide adhesion surface of the measurement plate (2) is arranged substantially horizontally upward, and the pesticide adhesion surface can be changed by the height adjustment unit (6), At a position other than the surface of the measurement plate (2) By attaching a separate member (23), writes the data in the scatter location to the position identification member (23), pesticide residues density calculating apparatus, wherein a respective was identifiable. A plurality of determination bodies (1) having a non-water-absorbing and planar pesticide adhesion surface are installed at measurement locations inside and outside the field, and using an optical analysis technique by the analyzer (10) after the pesticide spraying or before the harvest time. Measuring the amount of pesticide adhering to the determination body (1), after spraying a prescribed amount of pesticide on the crop, taking and measuring the crop every predetermined period, calculating the residual pesticide concentration, The relationship between the amount of sprayed pesticide and the residual pesticide concentration change process is obtained, created and stored as a change relation table (14), and based on the amount of pesticide attached to the determination body (1) and the change relation table (14), In the crop harvest appropriate time determining device, wherein the crop harvest proper time is determined, the determination body (1) is detachably attachable to the measurement plate (2) having an agrochemical adhesion surface on the upper surface. Consists of a fixed support base (3) The measurement plate (2) is made of a non-water-absorbing material plate, and the support base (3) includes a top plate portion (4), an angle adjustment portion (5), a height adjustment portion (6), and a leg portion. (7), the top plate portion (4) is arranged on the uppermost portion of the support base (3), and the measurement plate (2) is easily fixed on the top plate portion (4). And an angle adjustment part (5) is formed at the lower part of the center position of the top plate part (4) so that the top plate part (4) is horizontal. The shaft (21) extends downward, the second shaft (22) extends further downward, and the height adjusting portion (6) is disposed at the upper end of the second shaft (22), and at the lower end. A leg part (7) is arranged, and the judgment body (1) is arranged such that the pesticide adhesion surface of the measuring plate (2) is arranged substantially horizontally upward, and the pesticide adhesion surface can be changed by the height adjustment part (6). And other than the surface of the measuring plate (2) Location to be attached to the identification member (23), writes the data in the scatter location to the position identification member (23), crop harvesting optimum time determination device is respectively characterized in that a distinguishable.

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