JP4592917B2 - Image generating apparatus and game apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image generation apparatus for displaying an image obtained by perspective projection conversion of a three-dimensional display object on a projection plane of a viewpoint coordinate system on a display, and a game apparatus including the same, and in particular, a fisheye lens. The present invention relates to a technique for easily displaying a fisheye lens image that can be seen through the screen.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of image generation devices used for, for example, a three-dimensional game or an airplane and various vehicle operation simulators are known.
In such an image generation apparatus, image information related to the three-dimensional object 300 shown in FIG. 9 is stored in the apparatus in advance.
The three-dimensional object 300 represents a display object such as a landscape that can be viewed through the screen 306 by the player (viewer) 302. Image information of the three-dimensional object 300 that is the display object is displayed on the screen 306. The visual field image (projection image) 308 is displayed on the screen 306 by performing perspective projection conversion.
[0003]
In this apparatus, when the player 302 performs operations such as rotation and translation using the operation panel 304, the position and direction of the player 302 or the moving body on which the player 302 is boarded change, and the image of the three-dimensional object 300 is accompanied by this change. A calculation process is performed to determine how the image appears on the screen 306.
This arithmetic processing is performed in real time following the operation of the player 302.
Thus, the player 302 can view changes in the landscape and the like accompanying changes in the position and direction of the player or the moving body on which the player is boarded in real time as a pseudo three-dimensional image, and simulate a virtual three-dimensional space. You will be able to experience it.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, with regard to images generated by the image generation device or images displayed on the game device, the focus is on the pursuit of reality, in other words, how to faithfully reproduce images that are actually visible to the human eye. ing.
For this reason, if it becomes possible to generate an image that can be seen through a fisheye lens, the image generating device increases the expressiveness of a three-dimensional display object, and in a game device equipped with such an image generating device, a game As a scene, it is possible to display a scene as if the outside of the door is viewed from the door peeping scope, and a pseudo-experience as if the player has become a fish is possible, thereby improving the story.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an image generation apparatus, an image generation method, and a game apparatus that can easily display a fisheye lens image that can be seen through a fisheye lens. It is in.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the following means were adopted.
The present invention is an image generation apparatus that displays an image obtained by perspective projection conversion of a three-dimensional display object on a projection plane of a viewpoint coordinate system on a display, and generates a texture of an image to be converted into a fisheye lens image Texture generating means, an approximate curved surface setting means that virtually sets an approximate curved surface that is inscribed on the concave surface side by the texture generated by the texture generating means, and a concave surface side of the approximate curved surface that is virtually set by the approximate curved surface setting means A texture projecting unit that projects the texture generated by the texture generating unit; and a parallel projecting unit that performs parallel projection on the approximate curved surface on which the texture is projected on the concave surface side by the projecting unit.
[0007]
The present invention is an image generation apparatus that displays an image obtained by perspective projection conversion of a three-dimensional display object on a projection plane of a viewpoint coordinate system on a display, and generates a texture of an image to be converted into a fisheye lens image The texture generating means for performing parallel deformation of the texture generated by the texture generating means, the texture deforming means for virtually deforming the texture itself into the approximate curved surface inscribed on the concave side, and the approximate curved surface virtually deformed by the texture deforming means And a parallel projecting means for projecting.
[0008]
The present invention, in the images generating device, the parallel projection of is characterized in that all evenly aligned process in the Z-axis direction coordinate in the three-dimensional coordinate system for the approximated surface.
[0009]
The present invention, in the images generating device, the texture generating means, generating a texture image of a predetermined number of each axis of a three dimensional coordinate system centered rendered in the aspect predetermined angle in the positive and negative two directions viewpoint It is characterized by.
[0010]
The present invention is an image generation method for displaying an image obtained by perspective projection conversion of a three-dimensional display object on a projection plane of a viewpoint coordinate system on a display, and generates a texture of an image to be converted into a fisheye lens image A texture generating step, an approximate curved surface setting step for virtually setting an approximate curved surface inscribed on the concave surface side by the texture generated in the texture generating step, and a concave surface side of the approximate curved surface virtually set in the approximate curved surface setting step A texture projecting step for projecting the texture generated by the texture generating means; and a parallel projecting step for parallel projecting the approximate curved surface in which the texture is projected on the concave surface side in the texture projecting step. .
[0011]
The present invention is an image generation method for displaying an image obtained by perspective projection conversion of a three-dimensional display object on a projection plane of a viewpoint coordinate system on a display, and generates a texture of an image to be converted into a fisheye lens image The texture generation step to perform parallel processing, the texture deformation step for virtually deforming the texture generated in the texture generation step into an approximate curved surface that is inscribed on the concave surface side, and the approximate curved surface virtually deformed in the texture deformation step And a parallel projecting step for projecting.
[0012]
The present invention, in the images generation method, the parallel projection of is characterized in that all evenly aligned process in the Z-axis direction coordinate in the three-dimensional coordinate system for the approximated surface.
[0013]
The present invention, in the images generation method, in the texture generation step, generating a texture image of a predetermined number of each axis of a three dimensional coordinate system centered rendered in the aspect predetermined angle in the positive and negative two directions viewpoint It is characterized by.
[0014]
The present invention, the three-dimensional display object is a game device provided with a character and objects and to Ru images generating device in the game, the scene or the like to see outside of the door through peep scope of the door, with the progress of the game A fish-eye lens image is generated and displayed according to a changing scene.
[0015]
The present invention provides a Gate beam apparatus, the texture generating means is viewpoint coordinates will not move in a stage in which the viewing direction rotates the aspect image each axis of a three dimensional coordinate system centered at the viewpoint positive and negative two directions It is characterized in that textures of six images rendered at a 90-degree angle are generated.
[0016]
The present invention provides a Gate beam apparatus, the texture generating means, characterized in that the view point coordinates in a stage which moves, produces only texture of a predetermined number of images rendered according to the display angle of the viewpoint movement forward to.
[0017]
According to the present invention, a processing equivalent to the optical processing of a fisheye lens, in which a planar image of a three-dimensional scene is input to a fisheye lens and the input image is refracted and projected in parallel when passing through the fisheye lens, Since it is performed at the time of coordinate conversion when displaying on the display, it is possible to display a fisheye lens image that can be seen through the fisheye lens.
[0018]
According to the present invention, it is possible to adjust a texture creation amount necessary for generating a fisheye lens image according to a range of the fisheye lens image to be displayed.
[0019]
In particular , if a fisheye lens image with an angle of view of 360 degrees is created and stored in the memory, the fisheye lens image once created can be read and reused even if the line of sight changes during the game. No need to create.
[0020]
Further, in the present invention, since it is not necessary to create a fisheye lens image unnecessary for display from the beginning, even when the viewpoint moves during the game and the fisheye lens image must be recreated each time, the processing burden is reduced. Is possible.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The image generation apparatus according to the present embodiment is an apparatus that displays a three-dimensional model on a display by expressing a three-dimensional model as a combination of polygons (for example, polygons such as triangles) that are unit figures. In particular, the fisheye lens image 201 that can be seen through the fisheye lens can be easily displayed.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 1, the image generating apparatus includes a control unit 1, a display 2, a ROM (Read-Only Memory) 3, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 4, a DMA (Direct Memory Access Channel), a controller 5, and a disk controller. 6, disk device 7 and VRAM (memory area) 8 are the main components.
The control unit 1 further includes a main processor 11 to which a coprocessor 111 and a geometry processor 112 are connected, and a drawing processor 12 to which a display 2 and a VRAM 8 are connected. These elements such as the processors 11 and 12, ROM 3, RAM 4, etc. Control of the entire system, such as control of
[0023]
For example, the main processor 11 reads necessary graphic data from the RAM 4 in accordance with the progress of the game, performs coordinate conversion, clipping, luminance calculation, and the like on the graphic data to create polygon data.
These operations are performed at high speed by the coprocessor 111 and the geometry processor 112, and the created polygon data is output to the drawing processor 12 via the main bus 9.
[0024]
The main processor 11 according to the present embodiment includes a fisheye lens image generation unit 121 for generating a fisheye lens image 201. The fisheye lens image generation unit 121 includes a viewpoint setting unit 122, a texture, as shown in FIG. The generating unit 123, the cube setting unit 124, the mapping unit 125, the sphere setting unit (approximate curved surface setting unit) 126, the texture projection unit 127, and the parallel projection unit 128 are configured.
Note that the viewpoint setting unit 122, the texture generation unit 123, and the mapping unit 125 perform the processes that they handle when generating other images.
[0025]
The viewpoint setting unit 122 sets the viewpoint position of the player based on operation information from an operation unit (not shown) such as a lever or a button.
The texture creating means generates the texture 202 of the image to be converted into the fisheye lens image 201. For example, in the case of an angle of view of 360 degrees, the viewpoint coordinate system XYZ having the viewpoint position set by the viewpoint setting means 122 as the origin. 6 images rendered in the range of 90 degrees vertically and horizontally in the positive and negative directions of the axis 203, 5 images excluding the rear surface when the angle is 180 degrees, and the number corresponding to the angle of view when the angle is less than that The process of creating the texture 202 of the image is performed.
In this process, instead of the viewpoint coordinate system XYZ axis 203, an arbitrary three-dimensional coordinate system centered on the viewpoint can be adopted.
[0026]
The cube setting unit 124 performs a process of virtually setting the cube object 204 at a position where the viewpoint coordinate system XYZ axis 203 passes through the center of each surface of the cube object 204 to be set.
The mapping unit 125 maps the texture 202 corresponding to each surface of the cubic object 204 out of the texture 202 created by the texture creating unit inside each surface of the cube object 204 virtually set by the cube setting unit 124. (See FIG. 4).
[0027]
The sphere setting unit 126 performs a process of virtually setting the sphere object 205 in which all the vertices of the cube object 204 to which the texture 202 is mapped by the mapping unit 125 are inscribed (see FIG. 5).
The spherical object 205 is approximated by a regular polyhedron, and is desirably set to a polyhedron having 48 or more faces in order to generate a high-quality image.
[0028]
The texture projection unit 127 projects the texture mapped inside the cube object 204 by the mapping unit 125 from the center (= viewpoint) of the sphere object 205 virtually set by the sphere setting unit 126 to the inside of the sphere object 205. Processing is performed (see FIG. 6).
At this time, a triangular mesh pattern (not shown) is coordinated in advance with the texture plane, and the intersection of the sphere object 205 with the straight line passing through the center of the sphere object 205 and the apex of the triangular mesh is set to the UV value.
[0029]
The parallel projecting unit 128 performs a process of parallel projecting the spherical object 205 on which the texture 202 is projected inward by the texture projecting unit 127.
The parallel projection process in the present embodiment is a process for uniformly aligning all the coordinates in the Z-axis direction in the viewpoint coordinate system XYZ axes 203. For example, parallel projection on the view plane, Z = Zc (arbitrary) ) Is a parallel projection onto an arbitrary virtual plane.
In this process, an arbitrary three-dimensional coordinate system can be adopted instead of the viewpoint coordinate system XYZ axis 203.
Thereby, the texture 202 projected on the inner side of the spherical object 205 becomes a fisheye lens image that appears to be distorted in the circumferential direction as the three-dimensional display object 211 located on the outer side from the center (see FIG. 7).
[0030]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a fisheye lens image generation process according to the present embodiment.
This flowchart shows a case where the viewpoint position of the player who is the turret operator does not change from the start to the end of the game, but the line-of-sight direction rotates 360 °, for example, in a game where the player operates the turret. Applied to the game and executed only once at the start of the game.
[0031]
First, in step S1, a viewpoint position is set.
Next, in step S2, processing for creating an image to be converted into the fisheye lens image 201 is performed. Specifically, textures 202 of six images rendered in a range of 90 degrees in the vertical and horizontal angle of view are created in the positive and negative directions of the viewpoint coordinate system XYZ axes 203 with the viewpoint position set in step S1 as the origin.
[0032]
Next, in step S3, the cube object 204 is set at a position where the viewpoint coordinate system XYZ axis 203 passes through the center of each surface of the cube object 204 to be set.
In step S4, among the six textures 202 created in step S1, the texture 202 corresponding to each surface of the cube object 204 is mapped inside each surface of the cube object 204 set in step S3 ( (See FIG. 4).
[0033]
Thereafter, in step S5, a sphere object 205 inscribed by the cube object 204 to which the texture 202 is mapped in step S4 is set (see FIG. 5).
Thereafter, in step S6, the texture 202 mapped inside the cube object 204 in step S4 is projected from the center of the sphere object 205 set in step S5 to the inside of the sphere object 205 (see FIG. 6).
[0034]
In step S7, the spherical object 205 onto which the texture 202 is projected inward in step S6 is parallel-projected.
The above processing is equivalent to the optical processing of the fisheye lens in which a planar image of a three-dimensional scene is input to the fisheye lens, and this input image is refracted and projected in parallel when passing through the fisheye lens.
[0035]
As a result, a fisheye lens image 201 in which the three-dimensional display object 211 that can be seen through the fisheye lens is distorted can be obtained (see FIG. 7), and this can be displayed on the display 2.
Therefore, according to the image generation device according to the present embodiment, the expressive power of the three-dimensional display object 211 is increased, and according to the game device provided with this image generation device, the effect of increasing the interest is obtained.
[0036]
Further, if the fisheye lens image 201 generated by the parallel projection in step S7 is stored in a memory such as the VRAM 8, the stored fisheye lens image 201 can be displayed even when the fisheye lens image 201 when the line-of-sight direction is changed is displayed. Therefore, it is not necessary to recreate the fisheye lens image 201 over and over, and the drawing speed can be increased.
[0037]
Similarly, when the image generating apparatus having the above configuration is applied to a game apparatus or the like in which a player operates a turret, the fisheye lens image generating process is executed once at the start of the game and stored in the VRAM 8 or the like. During the game, even if the line-of-sight direction changes according to the player's operation, only the rotation processing of the stored fisheye lens image 201 is required, so that the display image can be switched at high speed.
[0038]
Next, another generation example of the fisheye lens image will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In this flowchart, steps that perform the same processes as those in the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 are given the same step numbers as those in FIG. 3 and the description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, steps that perform processes different from those in FIG. Only explained.
[0039]
In this flowchart, in step S11, a process is performed in which the cube object 204, in which the texture 202 is mapped inside each face in step S4, is transformed into a spherical object 205 that is inscribed in itself.
This deformation processing is performed by an object deformation means (not shown) in the fisheye lens generation unit 121. Specifically, a triangular mesh pattern is previously coordinated with the texture plane, and the triangular mesh is maintained while maintaining the UV value. Are converted to perspective polygons constituting the sphere object 205.
[0040]
In step S12, the sphere object 205 generated in step S11 is projected in parallel.
Then, since the fisheye lens image 201 as shown in FIG. 7 can be obtained in the same manner as the fisheye lens image generation process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, it can be displayed on the display 2.
[0041]
Note that the parallel projection in the present invention means only the parallel projection according to the wording such as the parallel projection in step S7 in FIG. 3 and step S12 in FIG. 8, that is, only parallel projection onto a plane perpendicular to the line-of-sight direction. However, this includes processing that can generate a fisheye lens image 201 of the same level as that of parallel projection.
For example, the projection plane for parallel projection may be a plane inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the line-of-sight direction, or an approximate curved surface having a radius of curvature larger than the radius of the spherical object 205 set in step S5.
[0042]
Further, in step S2 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8, six image textures are created. In a game where the position of the player (= viewpoint) changes during the game, an image corresponding to 180 degrees behind the viewpoint. The texture 202 is unnecessary.
Therefore, when applied to such a game device, in step S2, for example, only five textures 202 corresponding to the angle of view in the case of five or less angles corresponding to 180 degrees in front of the viewpoint. You just need to create
[0043]
In this way, if the number of textures 202 to be converted to the fisheye lens image 201 is reduced, the subsequent processing is also reduced, so that the drawing speed can be increased.
Moreover, according to the present embodiment, as described above, the fisheye lens image 201 can be generated simply by determining the UV value of each polygon vertex set in the sphere object 205. Compared to the case, the drawing speed is dramatically improved.
Furthermore, since the amount of texture data to be stored in the texture buffer is reduced, it is possible to improve the display image quality.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the planar image of the three-dimensional scene is input to the fisheye lens, and this input image is refracted and projected in parallel when passing through the fisheye lens. By performing this process at the time of coordinate conversion when displaying a 3D display object on a display, it is possible to easily display a fisheye lens image that can be seen through a fisheye lens. The power is increased and the game device including the image generating device is more interesting.
[0045]
According to the present invention, it is possible to adjust the amount of texture creation necessary for generating a fisheye lens image according to the range of the fisheye lens image to be displayed, and to improve the efficiency of the drawing process.
[0046]
In particular, if stored in the memory to create a fisheye lens image of the view angle of 360 degrees, also changed the line of sight direction during the game, it is possible to re-use to read a fisheye lens image that was created once, the fish-eye lens image many times Need not be created, and the drawing speed can be increased.
[0047]
Further, in the present invention, since it is not necessary to create a fisheye lens image unnecessary for display from the beginning, the processing load is reduced even when the viewpoint moves during the game and the fisheye lens image must be recreated each time. In addition, the drawing speed can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an image generation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a fisheye lens image generation unit in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a fisheye lens image generation process.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a texture is mapped inside a cube object.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a sphere object inscribed by the cube object in FIG. 4 is set.
6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the texture mapped inside the cubic object in FIG. 4 is projected inside the spherical object in FIG. 5;
7 is a view showing a fisheye lens image obtained by parallel projection of the spherical object of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing another generation process of a fisheye lens image.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a three-dimensional calculation process in the image generation apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Display 123 Texture generation means 126 Sphere setting means (approximate curved surface setting means)
127 texture projection means 128 parallel projection means 201 fisheye lens image 202 texture 203 viewpoint coordinate system XYZ axes (viewpoint coordinate system)
205 Sphere object (approximate surface)
211 3D display

Claims (6)

An image generation apparatus that displays an image obtained by perspective-projecting a three-dimensional display object on a projection plane in a viewpoint coordinate system on a display,
Texture generating means for generating a texture of an image to be converted into a predetermined number of fisheye lens images in which each axis of the viewpoint coordinate system centering on the viewpoint is rendered in a positive and negative two directions at a predetermined vertical and horizontal angle of view ;
Mapping means for mapping the texture inside the set cubic object;
A texture projecting unit configured to set a sphere object inscribed by the cube object and project the texture mapped from the center of the sphere object to the inside of the cube object ;
An image generation apparatus comprising: parallel projection means for obtaining the fisheye lens image by parallelly projecting the spherical object onto a view plane . An image generation apparatus that displays an image obtained by perspective-projecting a three-dimensional display object on a projection plane of a viewpoint coordinate system on a display,
Texture generating means for generating a texture of an image to be converted into a predetermined number of fisheye lens images in which each axis of the viewpoint coordinate system centering on the viewpoint is rendered in two positive and negative directions at a predetermined vertical and horizontal angle of view ;
Mapping means for mapping the texture inside the set cubic object;
Object deformation means for virtually deforming the cube object to which the texture is mapped into a spherical object inscribed by the cube object ;
An image generation apparatus comprising: parallel projection means for obtaining the fisheye lens image by parallelly projecting the spherical object onto a view plane . The image generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the parallel projection is a process of uniformly aligning all the Z-axis direction coordinates of the spherical object in the viewpoint coordinate system. The game apparatus including the image generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the three-dimensional display object is a character and an object appearing in a game.
A game apparatus that generates and displays a fisheye lens image in accordance with a scene that changes as the game progresses, such as a scene in which the outside of the door is viewed through a door peeping scope. The texture generation means renders each of the axes of the three-dimensional viewpoint coordinate system centered on the viewpoint in the positive and negative two directions at a vertical and horizontal angle of view of 90 degrees on the stage where the viewpoint coordinates do not move but the viewing direction rotates. The game apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein an image texture is generated. 5. The game apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the texture generating means generates only a predetermined number of textures of images rendered in accordance with a display angle of view in front of the viewpoint movement direction on the stage where the viewpoint coordinates move.

Images