JP4596402B2 - Cleaning composition for petroleum product manufacturing apparatus and cleaning method - Google Patents
Cleaning composition for petroleum product manufacturing apparatus and cleaning method Download PDFInfo
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- JP4596402B2 JP4596402B2 JP2000287889A JP2000287889A JP4596402B2 JP 4596402 B2 JP4596402 B2 JP 4596402B2 JP 2000287889 A JP2000287889 A JP 2000287889A JP 2000287889 A JP2000287889 A JP 2000287889A JP 4596402 B2 JP4596402 B2 JP 4596402B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、石油製品や石油化学製品を製造する石油精製装置や石油化学製造装置に付着した固体状有機物の洗浄に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、原油を精製して石油製品を製造するための石油精製装置は、定期的に内部を開放して検査、点検を行っている。例えば、常圧残渣油を減圧蒸留する減圧蒸留装置の塔底部には、原油中の重質残渣分が堆積しており、これらは装置運転時の加熱により、樹脂化して強固に装置内部に付着している。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような付着物は、スチームを吹き付けることや、石油系溶剤で洗浄しても十分に除去することは困難であり、除去のためには多くのコスト、労力、時間がかかっていた。本発明はこのような除去しにくい付着物を洗浄するための洗浄剤及びその洗浄方法を提供するものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、石油精製装置や石油化学製造装置の内部に付着した汚れを洗浄するための洗浄剤組成物を鋭意検討した結果、アニオン性及び非イオン性界面活性剤と、芳香族系(又はナフテン系)炭化水素を特定比率で含有する洗浄剤組成物が、かかる目的を達成するものであることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0005】
即ち、本発明は、石油製品製造装置に堆積した固体状有機物を除去するための洗浄剤であって、(A)アニオン性界面活性剤(A1)として、炭素数8〜18のアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、炭素数8〜16のアルカンスルホン酸塩、硫酸化ヒマシ油ナトリウム塩、炭素数8〜16のアルキル硫酸塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種と、非イオン性界面活性剤(A2)として、ポリアルキレングリコールアルキルフェニルエーテル及び炭素数8〜18の飽和又は不飽和の脂肪酸とジエタノールアミンからなる脂肪酸アルカノールアミドの少なくとも2種と、を用いることからなるA成分と、(B)炭素数9〜18の芳香族炭化水素及び/又はナフテン炭化水素からなるB成分を含有し、A成分とB成分の含有重量の比(A/B)が、0.25〜2.5である。特に、前記炭素数8〜18のアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩が直鎖ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸、ポリアルキレングリコールアルキルフェニルエーテルがポリエチレングリコールノニルフェニルエーテル、脂肪酸アルカノールアミドがヤシ油脂肪酸ジエタノールアミドであり、A成分中のアニオン性界面活性剤(A1)の含有量と、非イオン性界面活性剤(A2)の含有量との重量比(A1/A2)が0.3〜1.5であることが好ましい。
【0006】
本発明の洗浄方法は、固体状有機物が堆積した石油製品製造装置に、上記洗浄剤と水を、洗浄液中の水含有量を80〜99重量%として導入するものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
[界面活性剤] 本発明の洗浄剤組成物には、界面活性剤としては、アニオン性界面活性剤と非イオン性界面活性剤の両方を配合する。アニオン性界面活性剤成分としては、スルホン酸塩、硫酸エステル塩、燐酸エステル塩、カルボン酸塩を用いることができるが、スルホン酸塩、硫酸エステル塩が好ましく用いられる。炭素数8〜18のアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、炭素数8〜16のアルカンスルホン酸塩、炭素数8〜16の硫酸化油、炭素数8〜16のアルキル硫酸塩、スルホコハク酸ジアルキルエステル塩(ここでアルキル基の炭素数は6〜9)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種のアニオン性界面活性剤を用いることができる。特に炭素数8〜18の直鎖アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸、硫酸化ひまし油またはこれらの塩が好ましい。なお、ここでいう塩とは、アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩又は炭素数1〜5のアルカノールアミン塩及び酸タイプ(塩を形成していない酸自体)を含むものである。
【0008】
非イオン性界面活性剤としては、ポリアルキレングリコール及び/又は脂肪酸アルカノールアミドであることが好ましい。ポリアルキレングリコールとしては、ポリアルキレングリコールモノエーテルやポリアルキレングリコールブロックコポリマーを用いることができる。このポリアルキレングリコールモノエーテルは、
R1−O−(R2−O)n−H
(ここで、R1は炭素数12〜18のアルキルフェニル基又は炭素数6〜16のアルキル基、R2は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基、nは4〜16)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましい。特に、R1は炭素数12〜16のアルキルフェニル基、R2はエチレン基、nは8〜10であるポリアルキレングリコールアルキルフェニルエーテルが好ましい。
【0009】
ポリアルキレングリコールモノエーテルの他に、ポリアルキレングリコールブロックコポリマーを配合することが好ましい。好ましく用いられる化合物は、
HO−(C2H4O)p−(C3H6O)q−(C2H4O)r−H
(ここで、p、q、rは15〜25で、平均分子量は1500〜4000)で表されるポリエチレングリコール−ポリプロピレングリコールブロックコポリマーである。
【0010】
脂肪酸アルカノールアミドは、脂肪酸とアルカノールアミンとの縮合により合成され、脂肪酸としては炭素数8〜18の飽和又は不飽和の脂肪酸が、アルカノールアミンとしてはモノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、モノイソプロパノールアミンなどの炭素数2〜6のアルカノールアミンが好ましく用いられる。特には、炭素数8〜18の飽和又は不飽和の脂肪酸とジエタノールアミンからなる脂肪酸アルカノールアミドが好ましく用いられる。
【0011】
[炭化水素] 本発明の洗浄剤組成物には、炭素数9〜18の芳香族炭化水素又はナフテン炭化水素が配合される。これらの炭化水素は、石油精製、石油化学製造装置等の洗浄の際に揮発性の高い場合には危険性が高くなるため、沸点範囲が150〜350℃、特には160〜210℃に含まれることが好ましい。パラフィン炭化水素よりもアルキルシクロヘキサン、アルキルテトラリン、アルキルベンゼン、アルキルナフタレンといったナフテン炭化水素あるいは芳香族炭化水素の方が洗浄力が高い。このため、パラフィン炭化水素が含まれていてもよいが、その含有量が芳香族炭化水素とナフテン炭化水素の合計の配合量の50重量%以下、特には10重量%以下であることが好ましい。
【0012】
[配合量] 本発明の洗浄剤中の(A)A成分を構成するアニオン性界面活性剤と非イオン性界面活性剤の合計含有量と、(B)B成分を構成する炭素数9〜18の芳香族炭化水素、ナフテン炭化水素の合計含有量との重量の比(A/B)は、0.25〜2.5であり、好ましくは0.3〜2である。含有量の割合がこの範囲内では各成分が相分離することなく、水で希釈しても安定な均一相となる。また、A成分中の(A1)アニオン性界面活性剤の含有量と、(A2)非イオン性界面活性剤の含有量との重量の比(A1/A2)は、0.3〜1.5、特には0.2〜2.0が好ましい。他の、水、アルコールなどの溶剤が含まれていてもよい。
【0013】
洗浄時には、水で希釈して用い、その際の希釈された洗浄液中の水含有量は80〜99重量%、特には、95〜99重量%が好ましい。本発明の実施に当たっては、本発明の目的とする効果を損なわない範囲で、種々の物質を配合することができる。そのようなものの例としては、香料、可溶化剤、キレート剤、酸化防止剤、pH調整剤、減粘剤、分散剤等が挙げられる。
【0014】
[石油製品製造装置] 本発明の対象となる石油製品製造装置としては、原油からナフサ、ガソリン、灯油、軽油などの石油製品を精製するための石油精製装置や、そのナフサなどの石油化学原料から石油化学製品を製造する石油化学製造装置が挙げられる。特に重質成分、例えば沸点が360℃以上の成分を主成分とする原料(または中間製品)を処理する製造装置に付着した固体状有機物の洗浄に好ましく用いられる。このような固体状有機物のうち、360℃以上に加熱しても流動化しない汚れの洗浄に本発明は好ましく用いられる。
【0015】
[洗浄手順] 石油製品製造装置内部に本発明の洗浄剤を水と共に導入し、希釈された洗浄液を循環することで洗浄することが好ましいが、そのまま、静置してもよい。洗浄剤を調製した後に導入してもよいが、各成分を個別に導入して、石油製品製造装置内で混合してもよい。洗浄時に加熱してもよい。加熱は、石油製品製造装置に付属する熱交換器などにより加熱してもよいし、スチームなどを装置内に導入してもよい。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0017】
実施例1〜8、比較例1〜4の洗浄剤を表1〜表3に示す成分を配合して調製した。表中の数字は、配合成分をその重量部で示している。洗浄剤の安定性を、調製後1日放置した後に洗浄剤が均一溶液で安定となるかで評価した。均一溶液となるものを○、相分離するものを×として評価結果を表に併せて示す。
【0018】
この洗浄剤を水で50倍に稀釈した希釈洗浄液を洗浄試験に供した。油分汚れとして、炭素鋼配管(直径5cm、長さ30cm)の内面(面積470cm2)に均一に付着させたアスファルト50gを用いた。この配管内に80℃の希釈洗浄液20Lを循環ポンプにより流速5L/分で1時間循環洗浄した。洗浄後、配管内面にアスファルトがまったく残っていないものを○、全体の1/10以下面積にアスファルトの残留があるものを△、それ以上の残留のあるものを×として評価結果を表に併せて示す。
【0019】
【表1】
【0020】
【表2】
【0021】
【表3】
【0022】
なお、表中の各成分について、*1はポリエチレングリコールの繰り返し単位が10であるポリエチレングリコールノニルフェニルエーテル; *2はポリエチレングリコールとポリプロピレングリコールのブロックコポリマーであり、平均分子量が2200、全分子量に占めるポリエチレングリコールが40重量%;*3は炭素数9の芳香族炭化水素を94重量%含み、沸点範囲は160−170℃; *4は炭素数10ないし12の芳香族炭化水素を97重量%含み、沸点範囲は180−210℃; *5は炭素数11ないし12のアルキルデカリンを99重量%含み、沸点範囲は175−195℃である。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明は、石油製品製造装置に堆積した固体状有機物を除去するための洗浄剤であって、(A)アニオン性界面活性剤及び非イオン性界面活性剤からなるA成分と、(B)炭素数9〜18の芳香族炭化水素及び/又はナフテン炭化水素からなるB成分を含有し、A成分とB成分の含有重量の比(A/B)が、0.25〜2.5であり、均一に溶解力の強い炭化水素を水相中に安定に分散することができるため、石油製品製造装置に残留する固体状有機物を容易に洗浄することが可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cleaning of solid organic substances adhering to a petroleum refining apparatus or a petrochemical manufacturing apparatus for producing petroleum products or petrochemical products.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, an oil refining apparatus for refining crude oil to produce petroleum products is regularly inspected and inspected by opening the inside. For example, heavy residue in crude oil is deposited at the bottom of a vacuum distillation unit that distills atmospheric residue at a reduced pressure, and these are converted to resin and firmly attached to the inside of the unit by heating during operation. is doing.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Such deposits are difficult to remove sufficiently even when sprayed with steam or washed with a petroleum solvent, and much cost, labor, and time have been required for the removal. The present invention provides a cleaning agent and a cleaning method for cleaning such deposits that are difficult to remove.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on a cleaning agent composition for cleaning dirt adhering to the inside of petroleum refining equipment and petrochemical manufacturing equipment, the present inventors have found that anionic and nonionic surfactants and aromatic ( It was also found that a detergent composition containing a specific ratio of naphthene-based hydrocarbons achieves this object, and the present invention has been completed.
[0005]
That is, the present invention is a cleaning agent for removing solid organic matter deposited on a petroleum product manufacturing apparatus, and (A) an anionic surfactant (A1) having 8 to 18 carbon atoms as an alkylbenzene sulfonate. , At least one selected from the group consisting of alkane sulfonates having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, sulfated castor oil sodium salt , alkyl sulfates having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, and nonionic surfactant (A2), A component comprising using polyalkylene glycol alkylphenyl ether and at least two fatty acid alkanolamides comprising a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 18 carbon atoms and diethanolamine, and (B) having 9 to 18 carbon atoms. B component which consists of an aromatic hydrocarbon and / or a naphthene hydrocarbon is contained, and ratio (A / B) of the content weight of A component and B component is It is .25~2.5. In particular, the alkylbenzene sulfonate having 8 to 18 carbon atoms is linear dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, the polyalkylene glycol alkylphenyl ether is polyethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether, the fatty acid alkanolamide is coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, The weight ratio (A1 / A2) between the content of the anionic surfactant (A1) and the content of the nonionic surfactant (A2) is preferably 0.3 to 1.5.
[0006]
The cleaning method of the present invention introduces the above-mentioned cleaning agent and water into a petroleum product manufacturing apparatus in which solid organic matter is deposited at a water content of 80 to 99% by weight in the cleaning liquid .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[Surfactant] The surfactant composition of the present invention contains both an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant as the surfactant. As the anionic surfactant component, a sulfonate, a sulfate ester salt, a phosphate ester salt, and a carboxylate salt can be used, and a sulfonate salt and a sulfate ester salt are preferably used. C8-18 alkyl benzene sulfonate, C8-16 alkane sulfonate, C8-16 sulfated oil, C8-16 alkyl sulfate, sulfosuccinic acid dialkyl ester salt (where The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group may be at least one anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of 6 to 9). In particular, a linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, sulfated castor oil, or a salt thereof is preferable. The salt referred to here includes an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, an ammonium salt, an alkanolamine salt having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and an acid type (an acid itself that does not form a salt).
[0008]
The nonionic surfactant is preferably a polyalkylene glycol and / or a fatty acid alkanolamide. As the polyalkylene glycol, polyalkylene glycol monoether or polyalkylene glycol block copolymer can be used. This polyalkylene glycol monoether is
R 1 —O— (R 2 —O) n —H
(Where R 1 is an alkylphenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is 4 to 16). It is preferable to use it. In particular, R 1 is preferably an alkylphenyl group having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, R 2 is an ethylene group, and n is 8 to 10 polyalkylene glycol alkylphenyl ether.
[0009]
In addition to the polyalkylene glycol monoether, a polyalkylene glycol block copolymer is preferably blended. Preferably used compounds are:
HO- (C 2 H 4 O) p - (C 3 H 6 O) q - (C 2 H 4 O) r -H
(Wherein p, q and r are 15 to 25 and the average molecular weight is 1500 to 4000).
[0010]
The fatty acid alkanolamide is synthesized by condensation of a fatty acid and an alkanolamine. The fatty acid is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and the alkanolamine is a carbon number such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or monoisopropanolamine. 2-6 alkanolamines are preferably used. In particular, a fatty acid alkanolamide composed of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 18 carbon atoms and diethanolamine is preferably used.
[0011]
[Hydrocarbon] The cleaning composition of the present invention contains an aromatic hydrocarbon or naphthene hydrocarbon having 9 to 18 carbon atoms. These hydrocarbons have a high boiling point range of 150 to 350 ° C., particularly 160 to 210 ° C. because they are highly dangerous when they are highly volatile during cleaning of petroleum refining, petrochemical production equipment, and the like. It is preferable. Naphthene hydrocarbons or aromatic hydrocarbons such as alkylcyclohexane, alkyltetralin, alkylbenzene, and alkylnaphthalene have higher detergency than paraffin hydrocarbons. For this reason, paraffin hydrocarbons may be contained, but the content thereof is preferably 50% by weight or less, particularly 10% by weight or less of the total blending amount of aromatic hydrocarbons and naphthene hydrocarbons.
[0012]
[Blending amount] The total content of an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant constituting the component (A) A in the cleaning agent of the present invention, and (B) a carbon number of 9 to 18 constituting the component B. The weight ratio (A / B) to the total content of aromatic hydrocarbons and naphthene hydrocarbons is 0.25 to 2.5, preferably 0.3 to 2. When the content ratio is within this range, each component does not undergo phase separation, and a stable homogeneous phase is obtained even when diluted with water. The weight ratio (A1 / A2) of the content of (A1) anionic surfactant in component A to the content of (A2) nonionic surfactant is 0.3 to 1.5. In particular, 0.2 to 2.0 is preferable. Other solvents such as water and alcohol may be contained.
[0013]
At the time of washing, it is used by diluting with water, and the water content in the diluted washing liquid at that time is preferably 80 to 99% by weight, particularly 95 to 99% by weight. In practicing the present invention, various substances can be blended within a range that does not impair the intended effect of the present invention. Examples of such include fragrances, solubilizers, chelating agents, antioxidants, pH adjusters, thickeners, dispersants and the like.
[0014]
[Petroleum Product Production Equipment] The petroleum product production equipment subject to the present invention is an oil refinery for refining petroleum products such as naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, and light oil from crude oil, and petrochemical raw materials such as naphtha. Examples include petrochemical production equipment that produces petrochemical products. In particular, it is preferably used for cleaning solid organic substances adhering to a manufacturing apparatus for processing heavy components, for example, raw materials (or intermediate products) whose main component is a component having a boiling point of 360 ° C. or higher. Of these solid organic substances, the present invention is preferably used for cleaning dirt that does not flow even when heated to 360 ° C. or higher.
[0015]
[Cleaning procedure] It is preferable to clean the petroleum product manufacturing apparatus by introducing the cleaning agent of the present invention together with water and circulating the diluted cleaning solution, but it may be left as it is. Although it may be introduced after the cleaning agent is prepared, each component may be introduced individually and mixed in the petroleum product manufacturing apparatus. You may heat at the time of washing | cleaning. The heating may be performed by a heat exchanger attached to the petroleum product manufacturing apparatus or steam may be introduced into the apparatus.
[0016]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0017]
The cleaning agents of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were prepared by blending the components shown in Tables 1 to 3. The numbers in the table indicate the compounding components in parts by weight. The stability of the cleaning agent was evaluated based on whether the cleaning agent became stable in a homogeneous solution after being left for 1 day after preparation. The evaluation results are also shown in the table with ◯ for the homogeneous solution and x for the phase separation.
[0018]
A diluted cleaning solution obtained by diluting the cleaning agent 50 times with water was subjected to a cleaning test. As oil dirt, 50 g of asphalt uniformly adhered to the inner surface (area 470 cm 2 ) of a carbon steel pipe (diameter 5 cm, length 30 cm) was used. In this pipe, 20 L of diluted cleaning solution at 80 ° C. was circulated and washed with a circulation pump at a flow rate of 5 L / min for 1 hour. After cleaning, ○ indicates that there is no asphalt remaining on the inner surface of the pipe, △ indicates that there is asphalt residue in an area of 1/10 or less of the entire area, and × indicates that there is more residue than in the evaluation results in the table Show.
[0019]
[Table 1]
[0020]
[Table 2]
[0021]
[Table 3]
[0022]
In addition, about each component in a table | surface, * 1 is the polyethyleneglycol nonylphenyl ether whose polyethylene glycol repeating unit is 10; * 2 is the block copolymer of polyethyleneglycol and polypropyleneglycol, and an average molecular weight is 2200 and occupies for all molecular weights 40% by weight of polyethylene glycol; * 3 contains 94% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbons with 9 carbon atoms, boiling range is 160-170 ° C; * 4 contains 97% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbons with 10 to 12 carbons The boiling range is 180-210 ° C .; * 5 contains 99% by weight of alkyl decalin having 11 to 12 carbon atoms, and the boiling range is 175-195 ° C.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is a cleaning agent for removing solid organic matter deposited on a petroleum product manufacturing apparatus, and comprises (A) an A component comprising an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant. And (B) a B component comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon and / or a naphthene hydrocarbon having 9 to 18 carbon atoms, and the ratio (A / B) of the content weight of the A component and the B component is 0.25 to 0.25 Since it is 2.5 and a hydrocarbon having a strong and uniform dissolving power can be stably dispersed in the aqueous phase, the solid organic matter remaining in the petroleum product manufacturing apparatus can be easily washed.
Claims (3)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000287889A JP4596402B2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2000-09-22 | Cleaning composition for petroleum product manufacturing apparatus and cleaning method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000287889A JP4596402B2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2000-09-22 | Cleaning composition for petroleum product manufacturing apparatus and cleaning method |
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| JP2002097493A JP2002097493A (en) | 2002-04-02 |
| JP4596402B2 true JP4596402B2 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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| JP5215711B2 (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2013-06-19 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Optical component cleaning method and cleaning apparatus |
| JP6023641B2 (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2016-11-09 | Jxエネルギー株式会社 | Cleaning composition |
| JP2015040217A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-02 | アクア化学株式会社 | Detergent composition and distillation reproduction system therefor |
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| JPH0295487A (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1990-04-06 | Adetsuku:Kk | Method for cleaning inside of pipe |
| JP2899946B2 (en) * | 1994-11-01 | 1999-06-02 | 花王株式会社 | Aqueous detergent composition |
| JPH09151399A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Toho Chem Ind Co Ltd | Detergent composition |
| JPH09157698A (en) * | 1995-12-05 | 1997-06-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Cleaning composition and cleaning |
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