JP4599571B2 - Fucoidan extract manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fucoidan extract production process from algae material, and more particularly, to about the manufacturing method of the fucoidan extract capable of removing or reducing the coloring materials and characteristic flavor derived from the raw material algae.

Algae such as wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) contains polysaccharides such as alginic acid and fucoidan. Among these, a sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan containing fucose as a main constituent sugar has recently attracted attention in terms of antitumor action, blood pressure lowering action, and antiulcer action.
Fucoidan is known to be obtained from algae raw materials by operations such as water extraction and acid extraction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  However, these extracts are colored with algae-derived pigments and have a unique odor and taste. For this reason, when using an extract for a foodstuff, since the influence on the external appearance and the point of a taste is given unfavorably, the use was restricted.

  As a method for solving the above-mentioned problems when fucoidan is used for food, a method of precipitating the extract with alcohol and then washing with alcohol (for example, refer to Patent Document 2), or using hydrogen peroxide. There have been proposed a method for removing color and odor (for example, see Patent Document 1), a method for removing with alcohol after freeze-rethawing (for example, see Patent Document 3), and the like.

  However, the coloration of the extract and the smell and taste peculiar to seaweed could not be sufficiently removed by the above method. In addition, in the case of precipitation with alcohol and washing with alcohol, a large amount of alcohol is required, resulting in a problem of increased manufacturing costs.

  Mekabu, which is a spore of wakame, contains mucilage such as fucoidan, and after heating, cools to make a blanched product. In the cooling process, mucilage moves into the cooling water and is discharged, which places a burden on the environment.

  Furthermore, the red algae (Sargassum horneri), which is the same as the seaweed, is also called Gibbasa, Gimbusou, Nagamo, etc., and is used for food in parts of the Sea of Japan, but it is rarely used for food. From the viewpoint of environmental purification, cultivation of akamoku has been studied, but its use has been a problem.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-191940 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 64-87601 JP 2000-351801 A

Therefore, the subject of this invention is providing the fucoidan extract manufacturing method obtained by using algae as a raw material with the coloring and smell reduced.
Another problem of the present invention is to effectively use the low-utilized resource Akamoku.
The further subject of this invention is reducing the waste_water | drain containing the organic matter discharged | emitted when manufacturing a processed product from algae.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have obtained a fucoidan extract that has been substantially decolored and deodorized by heating the algal raw material and then extracting it with cold water or hot water. The present invention has been completed.

That is, the invention of claim 1 is a heating step of heating an algal raw material with hot water of 70 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower within 1 second to 10 minutes , and cold water of 0 ° C. or higher and 40 ° C. or lower from the algal raw material after the heating step Or it has an extraction process of extracting fucoidan with warm water, It is a fucoidan extract manufacturing method characterized by the above-mentioned. By heating the algal raw material to a temperature of 70 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, the pigment mixed in the extract is reduced by heat, and the fucoidan extract from the algal raw material can be extracted into cold water or hot water. By extracting the fucoidan extract with cold water or hot water following the heating step, a fucoidan extract with reduced pigment can be obtained. By heating with hot water of 70 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, the remaining pigments, odors and other impurities are eluted into the hot water. For this reason, in the subsequent extraction of the fucoidan extract with cold water or hot water, the elution of pigments, odors and other impurities is reduced.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the extraction step also serves as a step of cooling the algal raw material after the heating step, and has a processed product manufacturing step of manufacturing a processed product from the algal raw material after the extraction step. The fucoidan extract manufacturing method according to claim 1 . The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that the extraction step includes a cooling step of immersing in cold water or warm water to remove heat from the algae raw material after the heating step, and fucoidan extraction from the cooling wastewater generated during the cooling step The method for producing a fucoidan extract according to claim 1, wherein the product is obtained. More this, it is possible to reduce the wastewater.

  The invention of claim 4 includes a mixing step of mixing an aqueous solution of fucoidan extract after the extraction step with a sodium alginate solution, a forming step of forming the mixture after the mixing step, and a solidification of the formed product after the forming step. A fucoidan extract production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a coagulation step.

  Invention of Claim 5 is a fucoidan extract manufacturing method in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the said algal raw material being brown algae. Since brown algae such as seaweed, kombu, and akamoku contain a large amount of fucoidan, many fucoidan extracts can be easily extracted from these brown algae.

  Invention of Claim 6 is a fucoidan extract manufacturing method in any one of the Claims 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the said algal raw material being akamoku (Sargassum horneri). Akamoku is a low-use resource, so it is possible to effectively use the resource.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the fucoidan extract manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the algal raw material is wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) mekabu (spore leaf).

Fucoidan extract produced by the fucoidan extract process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, for fucoidan content is higher than the conventional fucoidan extract utilized expect such as anti-tumor activity In this case, the effect can be expected in a smaller amount than the conventional fucoidan extract.

Since the fucoidan extract produced by the fucoidan extract production method of the present invention has less unique flavors such as coloring from seaweeds and seaweed smell and taste, when added to foods, the color and flavor of foods Can be used for various foods.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fucoidan extract manufacturing method with which coloring and smell peculiar to seaweed were reduced can be provided.
According to the present invention, by using akamoku as an algal raw material, akamoku, which is a low-use resource, can be used effectively.
According to the present invention, by obtaining fucoidan extract from the cooling wastewater generated during the cooling process in the manufacturing process of algae by heating, wastewater containing organic matter discharged when manufacturing the processed product from algae is obtained. It is to reduce.

The best mode for carrying out the invention will be described in detail below.
A fucoidan extract can be manufactured by the process of extracting with cold water or warm water after the heating process which heats algae raw material.

  The algae used as a raw material is not particularly limited as long as it contains fucoidan. Among algae, brown algae generally contain fucoidan. For example, chigaisoaceae, hondaidae, and kombuidae can be used as raw materials. Among the seaweeds, Akamoku of the family Houraceae is rarely edible, and is preferable from the viewpoint of effective use of resources.

  The heating method in the heating step is not particularly limited, and examples include immersion in hot water, steam heating, infrared heating, and microwave heating. By heating the algae raw material, pigments such as fucoxanthin contained in the algae raw material are faded, the coloration of the extract is reduced, the algal cell wall is softened, and fucoidan is easily extracted.

As a heating method, heating by immersion in hot water is preferable. This is because contaminants such as pigments and odorous components are eluted in the hot water and transfer to the extract is reduced.
The temperature of the hot water is preferably 70 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, more preferably 80 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 90 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower. This is because xanthophylls discolor among the pigments contained in algae at 70 ° C. or higher. The heating time is preferably 1 second or longer and within 10 minutes, particularly preferably within 1 minute. This is because long-time heating causes fucoidan to elute into hot water together with impurities such as pigments as well as pigments and impurities. The amount of hot water relative to the algal raw material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 times or more by weight, more preferably equal to 100 times, more preferably 2 to 50 times the weight of the algal raw material (containing water). It is.

  The temperature of cold water or hot water for extracting the fucoidan extract can be 0 ° C. or higher and 40 ° C. or lower, preferably 25 ° C. or lower, particularly preferably 5 ° C. or higher and 15 ° C. or lower. This is because when the temperature of cold water or hot water is high, pigments, odors and the like are eluted. The time for extraction with cold water or warm water is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 seconds to 60 minutes, more preferably 5 minutes to 30 minutes. This is because if the extraction time is short, the extract may not be obtained sufficiently.

  In the fucoidan extract production method of the present embodiment, the fucoidan extract can be obtained not only for the purpose of obtaining only the fucoidan extract but also for the production of algae heat-treated products. In this case, a fucoidan extract can be obtained from cooling water when cooling algae such as seaweed, mekabu, kombu, and akamoku, and then cooling with cold water or hot water. Since the cooling water is not discarded but is used as a raw material for the fucoidan extract, the amount of drainage can be reduced and the environmental load can be reduced.

As the fucoidan extract produced by the fucoidan extract production method of the present embodiment, a solution extracted with cold water can be used as it is or after being appropriately processed. For example, it can be dried by a method such as spray drying, freeze drying, heat drying, etc. to obtain powder or granules. Moreover, it can also be set as a konjac form (jelly form) by adding sodium alginate to a solution-like fucoidan extract and immersing in a calcium salt aqueous solution.

The fucoidan extract produced by the fucoidan extract production method of the present embodiment can be added to food. The food is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include beverages, confectionery, noodle making, fish paste products, dairy products, processed fruit products, bread making, and seasonings. The fucoidan extract produced by the fucoidan extract production method of the present embodiment has a lower color and odor than the fucoidan extract produced by the conventional method and has a higher fucoidan content ratio. The effects of food and odor on food are reduced.

(1) Fucoidan extraction process After thawing 1 kg of mechabu raw material in the frozen hole, the surface was washed with water to remove foreign matters. The mekabu raw material was dipped in 10 kg of hot water at 95 ° C. for 3 minutes and boiled. The mechabu raw material after boiling was immersed in 10 kg of 10 ° C. cold water for 5 minutes to cool, and an aqueous fucoidan extract solution was produced. In addition, although the mechabu raw material may be sliced, it is not desirable to make it mince. This is because, when minced, the solid content is mixed with the liquid and cannot be separated. During boiling, the pigment of the mechabu raw material is transferred to the boil liquid. Although the same liquid can be used about 3 times as a boil liquid, it is preferable to discard the liquid after use. The temperature range of the boil liquid is preferably about 70 to 95 ° C. If the heating time is lengthened, fucoidan moves to the boil liquid, which is not preferable. One extraction step with cold water is sufficient. The produced fucoidan extract aqueous solution was tasteless and odorless without coloring derived from the raw material alga.

(2) Alginic acid solution preparation process What alginate Na was disperse | distributed to ethyl alcohol was dissolved in water, and the alginate Na solution whose sodium alginate is 1.5%-2.5% was prepared.

(3) Mixing step The fucoidan extract aqueous solution produced in the fucoidan extraction step and the alginic acid Na solution prepared in the alginic acid solution preparation step are mixed by a vacuum mixer at a volume ratio of 70% alginate sodium solution to 30% of the aqueous extract solution. I was degassed.

(4) Molding step The product after the mixing step was extruded at a constant pressure while being pressed under reduced pressure to form a rod shape. Pressurization under reduced pressure was performed by pressurizing and extruding to a depressurized state in a decompressed chamber. As a result, a degassed molded product was obtained. The thickness of the molded product can be changed by changing the extrusion pressure.

  A plate with a hole was used for extrusion. The plate has a hole diameter of 1 mm, the hole is tapered on both sides of the plate, the inlet (pressure side) taper is 0.5 mm, and the outlet (decompression side) taper is 0.2 mm. ing.

The molded product was put into a 0.1 to 1 mol / l calcium chloride salt aqueous solution which was being stirred and solidified. In addition to calcium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, alum (potassium aluminum sulfate) or the like may be used as the salt. Thus, a fucoidan extract product was produced. The fucoidan extract product was in the shape of a spine and could be eaten as it was. This fucoidan extract product had no coloring derived from the raw material algae, was white and transparent, had no special flavor such as seaweed odor and taste, and was tasteless and odorless. The fucoidan extract product may be added to confectionery, noodles, fish paste products or other foods.
[Test example]

  Four types of fucoidan extract products (samples A to D) were prepared according to the above-described examples. However, Sample A (Akamoku low-temperature extract) was produced using Akamoku in the fucoidan extraction process of the example instead of Mekabu raw material. Sample B (mechabu low-temperature extract) was produced using mekabu in the same manner as in the examples. Sample C (Akamoku high-temperature extract) uses akamoku instead of mekabu raw material, and further immerses it for 5 minutes instead of immersing it in 95 ° C hot water for 15 seconds, and then cools the hot water to extract fucoidan. It was used as a normal aqueous solution. For sample D (mechabu high temperature extract), the mekabu was used in the same manner as in the Examples, and instead of immersing in hot water at 95 ° C. for 15 seconds, it was immersed for 5 minutes and the hot water was cooled to obtain a fucoidan extract aqueous solution. Used as. Each sample was lyophilized.

About each sample AD, each weight of (1) protein, (2) fucoidan + laminaran, (3) alginic acid, and (4) insoluble residue was measured by the method shown in FIG.
The results are shown in Table 1 and the graph of FIG.

As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2, the yield of fucoidan + laminaran was higher in sample B (mechabu cold extract) than in sample D (mechabu hot extract).
Moreover, it observed about the color, smell, and taste of each sample AD.
Sample A (Akamoku low temperature extract) and Sample B (mekabu low temperature extract) were white and transparent, had no special flavor such as seaweed odor and taste, and were tasteless and odorless. In contrast, Sample C (Akamoku high-temperature extract) and Sample D (Mekabu high-temperature extract) were colored brown with a coloring substance derived from the raw material alga body, and had seaweed smell and seaweed taste.

It is a flowchart which shows the test method of a test example. It is a pie chart which shows the result of a test example.

Claims (7)

A heating process in which the algae raw material is heated with hot water at 70 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower for 1 second or longer and within 10 minutes , and extraction is performed by extracting fucoidan from the algae raw material after the heating step with cold water or hot water at 0 ° C. or higher and 40 ° C. or lower. A fucoidan extract manufacturing method comprising the steps of: The extraction step also serves as the step of cooling the algal raw material after the heating step, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a workpiece process of manufacturing the workpiece from algae raw material after the extraction step Fucoidan extract manufacturing method. The extraction step has a cooling step of immersing in cold water or hot water in order to remove heat from the algae raw material after the heating step, and obtains fucoidan extract from the cooling drainage generated during the cooling step. The fucoidan extract manufacturing method of Claim 1.   A mixing step of mixing an aqueous solution of fucoidan extract after the extraction step with a sodium alginate solution, a forming step of forming the mixture after the mixing step, and a coagulation step of solidifying the formed product after the forming step. The method for producing a fucoidan extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The said algal raw material is brown algae, The fucoidan extract manufacturing method in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The method for producing a fucoidan extract according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the algal raw material is akamoku. The method for producing a fucoidan extract according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the algal raw material is a seaweed mekabu.

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