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JP4601202B2 - Design method and control method of plate width control system - Google Patents
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JP4601202B2 - Design method and control method of plate width control system - Google Patents

Design method and control method of plate width control system Download PDF

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JP4601202B2
JP4601202B2 JP2001132906A JP2001132906A JP4601202B2 JP 4601202 B2 JP4601202 B2 JP 4601202B2 JP 2001132906 A JP2001132906 A JP 2001132906A JP 2001132906 A JP2001132906 A JP 2001132906A JP 4601202 B2 JP4601202 B2 JP 4601202B2
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control
plate width
control system
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rotation speed
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JP2002321007A (en
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万希志 中山
裕 山本
久也 藤岡
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は,金属材料等被圧延材の熱間圧延において,圧延後の板幅の検出にかかるむだ時間が圧延ロールの回転速度の変化により変化する板幅制御系の設計方法,及びその制御方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年製鋼製品の生産効率を高めるため,仕上げ圧延プロセスでの鋼板の板厚及び板幅の寸法精度の向上が益々強く求められている。
ところで,板厚制御については数多くの制御系の構築がなされているのに対し,板幅制御についてのそれは少ない。その一因として,板幅制御では,圧延後の板幅の検出にかかるむだ時間が圧延ロールの回転速度の変化により変化するため,このような制御系に適したモデルが知られていないことが挙げられる。
即ち,熱間圧延では,板幅検出器が耐熱等の考慮により圧延スタンドから離れた位置に設置されるため,圧延時点から板幅検出までにむだ時間がある。さらに被圧延材の張力制御のため圧延ロールの回転速度が調整されるので,そのむだ時間が変化する。
従来,このような制御系に対し,むだ時間を例えばパデー近似のように線形の高次関数で近似し,さらにその高次関数の周波数応答の摂動を考慮して制御モデルを設計していた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら,従来,前記摂動を考慮した制御モデルでは,応答性を向上するよう制御ゲインを高めると,むだ時間の変化が大きい程大きなハンチングが生じて不安定となる。このため,前記摂動が加わっても安定性(ロバスト性)が保てるよう制御ゲインが保守的に調整され,その結果,応答性の悪い制御系が構成されていた。
したがって、本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、板幅の検出にかかるむだ時間が圧延ロールの回転速度の変化により変化する場合においても,安定性を確保しつつ,応答性を向上させる制御系の設計方法,及び制御方法を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項1に記載の発明は、圧延ロールの回転速度によって被圧延材の板幅制御を行い,かつ該板幅の検出にかかるむだ時間が前記回転速度の変化により変化する板幅制御系の設計方法において,前記板幅制御系の制御モデルを,その時間変数を前記圧延ロールの回転数で表し,かつその動特性に係るパラメータを所定の前記回転数の関数により補正して表すことにより,前記むだ時間が一定とみなせる前記制御モデルを構成し,該制御モデルに対してロバスト制御設計手法を適用して前記制御モデルのパラメータを決定し,該制御モデルに基づいて前記圧延ロールが所定の回転数分だけ回転する毎に制御を行う制御系とすることを特徴とする板幅制御系の設計方法である。
通常,圧延ロールと板幅検出器との間の距離は一定であるので,被圧延材を板幅検出器まで送り出すために要する圧延ロールの回転数は一定である。このため,回転数を時間変数とするとむだ時間が一定とみなせる制御系となり,ロバスト制御設計手法を適用しても,保守性が緩和され,より応答性の高いゲイン設定が可能となる。
また,請求項2の発明は,前記請求項1に記載の設計方法により設計された制御系に対する制御方法として捉えたものであり,請求項3に記載の発明は,前記請求項2に記載の制御方法において,その制御周期を圧延ロールの回転速度から所定の計算により求めるものである。
これにより,実際の制御周期(通常の時間軸上の制御周期)は都度変化するが,回転数で表された時間変数上での制御周期を一定となるよう制御できる。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下添付図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施の形態及び実施例について説明し、本発明の理解に供する。尚、以下の実施の形態及び実施例は、本発明を具体化した一例であって、本発明の技術的範囲を限定する性格のものではない。
ここに、図1は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法の手順を示すフローチャート,図2は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用する圧延プロセスの概略構成図,図3は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用する板幅制御の閉ループ系のブロック図,図4は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により時間変数を変換した後の閉ループ系のブロック図,図5は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により時間変数を変換した後の閉ループ系の摂動を一つにまとめたブロック図,図6は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により構成した閉ループ系における近似したむだ時間と真のむだ時間との周波数特性図,図7は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の制御方法の手順を示すフローチャート,図8は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により設計した板幅補償器と従来のPI補償器との周波数応答を比較する図,図9は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により設計した板幅補償器と従来のPI補償器とのステップ応答を比較する図,図10は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用する板幅制御系の条件パラメータの変動値を示す表,図11は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用した板幅モデルの非線形特性を示す図,図12は本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用した板幅モデルの偏差系の非線形特性を示す図である。
【0006】
図2を用いて,本発明の実施の形態に係る制御方法を適用する圧延プロセスの構成を説明する。
本圧延プロセスは,第i番目及びi+1番目の2つのスタンド間の連続圧延による鋼板の仕上げ圧延プロセスである。図2に表された記号についてまとめると,各記号に付されるi,i+1は各々第i,i+1スタンドについてのパラメータであることを表し,W,wは各々スタンドの入側,出側の板幅,H,hは各々スタンドの入側,出側の板厚,σb,σfは各々スタンドの後方(上流側),前方(下流側)の張力である。以下,第i+1スタンドの後方張力σb,i+1(=σf,i)をスタンド間張力と称する。
鋼板の板幅wi+1は,スタンド間張力σb,i+1により変化する。板幅制御の目的は,スタンド間張力σb,i+1を調整することにより板幅wi+1を目標値に追従させることにある。
板幅wi+1は,第i+1スタンドの下流側に離れて設定されている板幅計(板幅検出器)で計測され,これに基づき板幅補償器及び張力補償器を介して第i,i+1スタンドの各ロールの速度差にフィードバックする。前記板幅補償器から前記張力補償器に出力される張力指令値σrefからスタンド間張力σb,i+1への動特性を表す伝達関数PA(s)は,
A(s):=1/(0.1s+1)
で与えられるものとする。
このように,熱的保護等の理由から前記板幅計をスタンドから離れて設置しなければならない熱間圧延プロセスでは,板幅wi+1の検出にむだ時間L(t)が存在する。さらに,第i+1スタンドのロール回転速度は,圧延工程が進むにつれて速くなるため,そのむだ時間L(t)は変化する。
【0007】
このような板幅制御系の設計方法について,基本的な設計手順は図1に示すとおりである。
即ち,まず,板幅モデルとその条件パラメータの変動値とに基づいて,該板幅モデルの非線形特性をセクタ有界の形式で表現し,板幅制御の閉ループ系を構成する。(S1(ステップ1))
次に,前記閉ループ系の時間変数を,時間からロール回転数へ変換する。このとき,▲1▼前記閉ループに含まれる伝達関数をLPVシステムとして表現し,▲2▼前記閉ループに含まれるむだ時間をパデー近似し,近似したむだ時間及び真のむだ時間の周波数特性図から,その誤差をカバーする周波数重みと全体のゲインとを決定する。(S2)
最後に,前記時間変数を変換した前記閉ループ系に対し,LMI手法により板幅補償器をゲインスケジュール補償器として設計する。(S3)
以下,前記各設計手順について説明する。
【0008】
(板幅モデル)
文献「熱延仕上ミルにおける板幅制御の開発」(村田,東,升田,関根,小倉;材料とプロセス,vol.9,pp.308-311,1996)によると,このような圧延プロセスにおける板幅モデルは次式で表される。
【数1】

Figure 0004601202
また,当該板幅モデルの各条件パラメータの変動値は図10に示す表の通りである。
(数1)式の板幅モデルに基づき,図10に示す表の条件パラメータを変動させたときの前記スタンド間張力σb,7から前記板幅w7までの非線形特性(スタンド間張力と板幅モデルの係数N1,N2との関係)は図11(a),(b)のようになる。
特願2000―124619号では,(数1)式の板幅モデルの板幅wi+1を,その目標値wrefとの偏差系に変換することで,非線形性とパラメータの不確実性をロバスト制御の枠組みで取扱っている。ここでも,これに従って図11(a),(b)を偏差系に変換すると,図12(a),(b)となる。(数1)式の板幅モデルを偏差系に変換すると,その変動は,図12(b)の波線に示すように,傾き(a−b)と傾き(a+b)の直線間に挟まる領域として表現できる。これに基づき,(数1)式の板幅モデルを,次式のように(数1)式の板幅モデルを偏差系に変換し,セクタ有界形式で表現する。
【数2】
Figure 0004601202
これら,偏差系への変換については,特願2000―124619号に詳説されているので,ここでは説明を省略する。
このようにして求めた板幅モデルにより構成した板幅制御の閉ループ系を図3に示す。図3中,Kは板幅補償器を表す。図3に示す板幅制御系の設計問題は任意のΔN∈ΔNに対してその原点を安定化するロバスト安定化問題に帰着される。
【0009】
(時間軸の変換:伝達関数のLPVシステム表現)
第i+1スタンドと前記板幅計との間の距離は一定であるため,鋼板がその間を送られるのに要する第i+1スタンドのロール回転数Rdは一定である。また,前記ロール回転数は時間と一意に対応する。そこで,前記ロール回転数を時間変数とすれば(時間軸変換を行えば),前記むだ時間に相当するパラメータを一定とみなすことができる。しかし,本来,時間軸対して一定であるはずの前記張力補償器の前記伝達関数PA(s)のパラメータが時間軸に対して変動する(時変な)ものとなる。
以下に,前記伝達関数PA(s)の前記時間軸変換について説明する。
まず,時刻t(sec)における前記ロール回転数r(t)は次式で表される。
【数3】
Figure 0004601202
ここで,ω(t)は第i+1スタンドのロール回転速度,βは既知の定数である。さらに,前記伝達関数PA(s)の状態空間表現を次式に示す。
【数4】
Figure 0004601202
r(t)は単調増加であるので任意のt≧0に対してx(t)=x(r)を満たす関数x(r)が存在する。u(r),y(r),ω(r)も同様に定義できる。従って,次式のようになる。
【数5】
Figure 0004601202
前記(数5)式を用いて(数4)式を変換すると次式のようになる。
【数6】
Figure 0004601202
ここでロール回転数r(t)の関数θ(r)を次式
【数7】
Figure 0004601202
のように定義すれば,(数4)式は,次式のようになる。
【数8】
Figure 0004601202
(数8)式は,θ(r)に依存したLPV(Linear Parameter Varying)システムとして表現されている。ここで,動特性に係るパラメータA,B,C,Dはスカラであり,かつ状態空間表現は時変なパラメータθ(r)に線形に依存しているので,前記LPVシステムによる設計法が容易に適用できる。前記LPVシステムは,知られたものであるのでここでは説明を省略する。なお,簡単化のため,以下β=1として設計を行う。このように,ロール回転数の関数θ(r)により補正することによって時間軸変換をおこなった伝達関数PA(θ)は次式で表される。
【数9】
Figure 0004601202
【0010】
(時間軸の変換:むだ時間のパデー近似)
図4は,図3に示す制御系に対して前述した方法で前記時間軸変換を行った閉ループ系を示すものである。
むだ時間を線形システム制御理論の枠組みで取り扱うには,むだ時間を線形関数で近似する必要があり,その誤差を見積もり,その誤差の範囲内で有効な制御系を設計することになるが,通常の時間軸系ではこのパデー近似した部分も時間により変動することになるためさらに誤差を見積もる必要が生じ,より保守的なゲイン設定を行わざるを得なくなる。しかし,図4では,前記時間軸変換が行われているのでパデー近似部分が固定され,より積極的なゲイン設定が可能となる。
図4は,むだ時間要素e-RdSを2次のパデー近似を用いて次式(d)のように近似し,その誤差Δmを乗法的摂動としてとらえたものである。
【数10】
Figure 0004601202
図4に示す前記板幅補償器にはオフセット入力に対して定常偏差なく追従させるためにあらかじめ積分器(1/s)を組み込んでいる。ここで,周波数重み関数Wpを適切な関数とすれば,正弦波外乱を抑制する性能を向上させるためにはwからz1までのゲインが小さくなればよい。また,オフセット外乱に対する追従性はwからz2までのゲインで評価することができる。
mは前記むだ時間要素をパデー近似した場合の誤差に対する周波数重みゲインである。図4の閉ループ系には,板幅モデルの摂動ΔN,及びむだ時間要素の摂動Δmの2つの摂動が存在するので,このまま例えばLMI等のロバスト制御系の設計手法を適用すると制御ゲインが保守的に調整される。そこで,これらを1つにまとめて乗法的摂動で表したのが図5である。その際に,次式を満たすような摂動の重み関数W(s)を採用して摂動を正規化している。
【数11】
Figure 0004601202
摂動の重み関数W(s)は,次式で表される。
【数12】
Figure 0004601202
近似したむだ時間と真のむだ時間とを,周波数特性図に表したものが図5である。これを読み取り,その誤差をカバーするように全体の周波数重みゲインを決定する。
【0011】
以上のようにして求められた板厚制御系の前記板幅補償器は,前記板幅計からの情報及び前記第i+1スタンドのロール回転速度ω(t)を入力し,前記張力指令値σrefの修正量を出力するものとなる。
なお,前記板幅補償器による制御は,前記時間軸変換が行われているため,前記ロール回転速度ω(t)から逐次求める制御タイミングで制御を行う。
図7にその制御手順を示す。図7の制御手順は,前述の設計手順により設計された板幅補償器の数理式を,例えばプログラム化してコンピュータに実行させるものである。制御の開始とともに図7の開始からの処理が実行される。
まず,S11において所定の時間変数tが0に初期化された後,S12でタイマーにより所定の単位時間Δtの経過が判別され,Δt経過までループする。これにより,S13以降の処理がΔt毎に実行される。ここでΔtは,実際の制御周期に比べて十分短い時間とする。
S13では,時間t前から現在までの前記ロール回転速度ω(t)を積算した結果が,所定のロール回転数Δr(前記時間軸変換後の制御周期)と等しいか否かが判別される。ここで,等しくない(通常はΔr未満であ)と判別されると,前記変数tにΔtが加算され,S12へ戻る。S13において,前記ロール回転速度ω(t)の積算値が前記時間軸変換後の制御周期Δrと略等しいと判別されると,データ入力(S15),操作量演算(S16),操作量出力(S17)が行われ,S11に戻って以上の処理が繰り返される。
これにより,実際の制御周期(通常の時間軸上の制御周期)は都度変化するが,圧延ロールがΔr分だけ回転する毎に制御されることとなり,前記時間軸変換後の制御周期(=Δr)が一定となる。
なお,このような方法の他にも,例えばロールの回転軸に所定の回転角度毎にパルス信号を発生する回転式のポテンショメータを取り付けて,該パルス信号にをトリガーとして制御を行う等の方法も考えられる。
【0012】
(板幅補償器の設計結果)
このようにして求めた,図5に示す板幅制御系の閉ループ系について,前記板厚補償器のK(θ)の構成及びそのパラメータを,ロバスト制御設計手法の一例である前記LMI手法を適用して決定し,外乱を与えた場合の前記板幅w7の制御結果のシミュレーションを行った。前記LMI手法は,知られたものであるのでここでは説明を省略する。
シミュレーションの条件は,前記第iスタンドの入側板幅Wiに加わる外乱の大きさが±0.2(mm)までであるとして誤差系のセクタの上限と下限を設定した。
シミュレーションの入力条件である前記むだ時間L(t)は,圧延開始時のL(t)=1.0(sec)からその50(sec)後にL(t)=0.5(sec)まで一定の変化率で変化した後一定となるものとした。また,鋼板が前記第7スタンドから前記板幅計まで送られるのに要する第7スタンドのロール回転数Rdは1.0(round)とした。
また,前記第iスタンド入側板幅Wiが定常値1266(mm)であり,前記板幅Wi+1が目標値値1266(mm)に漸近している状態で,▲1▼Wiに振幅0.05(mm),周波数0.4(rad/round)の正弦波外乱を加える,▲2▼Wiに大きさ0.05(mm)のオフセット外乱を加える,の2条件についてシミュレーションを行った。それらの結果と,同条件で前記時間軸変換を行わない通常の時間軸によるPI補償器との応答を比較したものが各々図8,9である。図8から明らかなように,本発明により前記時間軸変換を行った設計による結果(a)の方が,それを行わない設計による前記PI補償器の結果(b)よりも前記正弦波外乱に対する応答性がはるかに改善されており,安定性も損なわれていない。また,図9から,前記オフセット外乱についても,前記時間軸変換を行った設計による結果(a)の方が,前記PI補償器の結果(b)よりも応答性が改善されていることがわかる。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、圧延後の板幅の検出にかかるむだ時間が圧延ロールの回転速度の変化により変化する場合においても,安定性を確保しつつ,応答性を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法の手順を示すフローチャート。
【図2】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用する圧延プロセスの概略構成図。
【図3】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用する板幅制御の閉ループ系のブロック図。
【図4】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により時間変数を変換した後の閉ループ系のブロック図。
【図5】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により時間変数を変換した後の閉ループ系の摂動を一つにまとめたブロック図。
【図6】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により構成した閉ループ系における近似したむだ時間と真のむだ時間との周波数特性図。
【図7】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の制御方法の手順を示すフローチャート。
【図8】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により設計した板幅補償器と通常のPI補償器との周波数応答を比較する図。
【図9】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法により設計した板幅補償器と通常のPI補償器とのステップ応答を比較する図。
【図10】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用した板幅モデルの非線形特性を示す図。
【図11】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用する板幅制御系の条件パラメータの変動値を示す表。
【図12】本発明の実施の形態に係る板幅制御系の設計方法を適用した板幅モデルの偏差系の非線形特性を示す図。
【符号の説明】
S1,S2,,…ステップ1,ステップ2,,[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a design method of a sheet width control system in which a dead time required for detection of a sheet width after rolling in hot rolling of a rolled material such as a metal material is changed by a change in the rotation speed of the rolling roll, and the control method thereof It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in order to increase the production efficiency of steel products, there has been an increasing demand for improvement in the dimensional accuracy of the plate thickness and width in the finish rolling process.
By the way, many control systems have been constructed for the plate thickness control, but there are few for the plate width control. One reason for this is that, in plate width control, the dead time required for detection of the plate width after rolling changes due to changes in the rotation speed of the rolling roll, so that a model suitable for such a control system is not known. Can be mentioned.
That is, in hot rolling, the plate width detector is installed at a position away from the rolling stand in consideration of heat resistance and the like, so there is a dead time from the rolling time point to the detection of the plate width. Furthermore, since the rotation speed of the rolling roll is adjusted to control the tension of the material to be rolled, the dead time changes.
Conventionally, for such a control system, the dead time is approximated by a linear high-order function such as the Paddy approximation, and a control model is designed in consideration of the perturbation of the frequency response of the high-order function.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, conventionally, in the control model in which the perturbation is taken into account, when the control gain is increased so as to improve the responsiveness, the larger the change in the dead time, the larger the hunting occurs and the more unstable it becomes. For this reason, the control gain is adjusted conservatively so that stability (robustness) can be maintained even if the perturbation is applied, and as a result, a control system with poor responsiveness is configured.
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to ensure stability even when the dead time for detecting the plate width changes due to the change in the rotation speed of the rolling roll. However, it is an object of the present invention to provide a control system design method and a control method that improve responsiveness.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the sheet width of the material to be rolled is controlled by the rotation speed of the rolling roll, and the dead time for detecting the sheet width is changed by the change in the rotation speed. In the design method of the sheet width control system, the control model of the sheet width control system is expressed in terms of the time variable by the rotation speed of the rolling roll, and the parameters relating to the dynamic characteristics are corrected by a function of the predetermined rotation speed. By representing the control model, the dead time is considered to be constant, and a robust control design method is applied to the control model to determine the parameters of the control model. Based on the control model, It is a design method of a sheet width control system, characterized in that the control system performs control each time the rolling roll rotates by a predetermined number of rotations.
Usually, since the distance between the rolling roll and the sheet width detector is constant, the number of rotations of the rolling roll required for feeding the material to be rolled to the sheet width detector is constant. For this reason, if the rotation speed is a time variable, the control system can be regarded as a constant dead time, and even if a robust control design method is applied, maintainability is relaxed and gain setting with higher responsiveness becomes possible.
Further, the invention of claim 2 is taken as a control method for the control system designed by the design method of claim 1, and the invention of claim 3 is the invention of claim 2. In the control method, the control cycle is obtained by a predetermined calculation from the rotation speed of the rolling roll.
As a result, the actual control cycle (control cycle on the normal time axis) changes each time, but control can be performed so that the control cycle on the time variable represented by the number of rotations is constant.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments and examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention. The following embodiments and examples are examples embodying the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a design method for a sheet width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a rolling process to which the design method for the sheet width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a closed loop system of plate width control to which the design method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 4 is a plate width control according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the closed loop system after the time variable is converted by the design method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a frequency characteristic diagram of approximate dead time and true dead time in a closed loop system configured by the design method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Control of a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the invention FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the method, FIG. 8 is a diagram comparing the frequency response of the plate width compensator designed by the design method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional PI compensator, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram for comparing step responses of a plate width compensator designed by a method for designing a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional PI compensator, and FIG. 10 shows a plate width according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a table showing variation values of the condition parameters of the plate width control system to which the control system design method is applied. FIG. 11 shows the nonlinear characteristics of the plate width model to which the design method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 12 and FIG. 12 are diagrams showing nonlinear characteristics of a deviation system of a plate width model to which the design method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
[0006]
The configuration of the rolling process to which the control method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG.
This rolling process is a finish rolling process of a steel sheet by continuous rolling between the i-th and i + 1-th two stands. When the symbols shown in FIG. 2 are summarized, i and i + 1 attached to each symbol represent parameters for the i-th and i + 1-th stands, respectively, and W and w are plates on the entrance side and exit side of the stand, respectively. The width, H, and h are plate thicknesses on the entrance side and exit side of the stand, respectively, and σ b and σ f are tensions on the rear (upstream side) and front (downstream side) of the stand, respectively. Hereinafter, the rear tension σ b , i + 1 (= σ f , i ) of the i + 1th stand is referred to as inter-stand tension.
The plate width w i + 1 of the steel plate changes depending on the tension between the stands σ b , i + 1 . The purpose of the plate width control is to be made to follow the plate width w i + 1 to the target value by adjusting the interstand tension σ b, i + 1.
The plate width w i + 1 is measured by a plate width meter (plate width detector) that is set apart from the downstream side of the (i + 1) th stand, and based on this, the i th is passed through the plate width compensator and the tension compensator. , I + 1 stand back to the speed difference of each roll. The transfer function P A representing the dynamic characteristics of the tension command value sigma ref output from the plate width compensator to the tension compensator to interstand tension σ b, i + 1 (s ) is
P A (s): = 1 / (0.1 s + 1)
It shall be given by
Thus, in the hot rolling process in which the plate width meter must be installed away from the stand for reasons such as thermal protection, there is a dead time L (t) for detecting the plate width w i + 1 . Furthermore, since the roll rotation speed of the (i + 1) th stand becomes faster as the rolling process proceeds, the dead time L (t) changes.
[0007]
The basic design procedure for such a plate width control system design method is as shown in FIG.
That is, first, based on the plate width model and the fluctuation value of its condition parameter, the nonlinear characteristics of the plate width model are expressed in a sector bounded form to constitute a closed loop system for plate width control. (S1 (Step 1))
Next, the time variable of the closed loop system is converted from time to roll speed. At this time, (1) the transfer function included in the closed loop is expressed as an LPV system, and (2) the dead time included in the closed loop is approximated by a paddy, and from the frequency characteristic diagram of the approximate dead time and the true dead time, A frequency weight that covers the error and an overall gain are determined. (S2)
Finally, a plate width compensator is designed as a gain schedule compensator by the LMI method for the closed loop system obtained by converting the time variable. (S3)
Hereinafter, each design procedure will be described.
[0008]
(Plate width model)
According to the document “Development of sheet width control in hot rolling finishing mills” (Murata, Higashi, Iwata, Sekine, Kokura; Materials and Processes, vol.9, pp.308-311, 1996) The width model is expressed by the following equation.
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004601202
Further, the variation values of the condition parameters of the plate width model are as shown in the table of FIG.
Based on the plate width model of equation (1), nonlinear characteristics (inter-stand tension and plate) between the stand tension σ b , 7 and the plate width w 7 when the condition parameters in the table shown in FIG. The relationship between the width model coefficients N 1 and N 2 is as shown in FIGS.
In Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-124619, by converting the plate width w i + 1 of the plate width model of equation (1) into a deviation system from the target value w ref , nonlinearity and parameter uncertainty are reduced. It is handled in the framework of robust control. Again, if FIGS. 11A and 11B are converted into a deviation system in accordance with this, FIGS. 12A and 12B are obtained. When the plate width model of equation (1) is converted into a deviation system, the fluctuation is as a region sandwiched between the straight lines of the inclination (ab) and the inclination (a + b) as shown by the wavy line in FIG. Can express. Based on this, the plate width model of (Equation 1) is converted to a deviation system from the plate width model of (Equation 1) as shown in the following equation and expressed in a sector bounded format.
[Expression 2]
Figure 0004601202
Since the conversion to the deviation system is described in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-124619, description thereof is omitted here.
FIG. 3 shows a closed-loop system for plate width control constituted by the plate width model thus obtained. In FIG. 3, K represents a plate width compensator. The design problem of the plate width control system shown in FIG. 3 is reduced to a robust stabilization problem that stabilizes the origin for any Δ N ∈Δ N.
[0009]
(Time axis conversion: LPV system representation of transfer function)
Since the distance between the plate width meter and the i + 1 stand is constant, the steel sheet is constant roll rotation speed R d of the (i + 1) stand required to be sent therebetween. The roll rotation speed uniquely corresponds to time. Therefore, if the roll rotation speed is a time variable (time axis conversion is performed), the parameter corresponding to the dead time can be regarded as constant. However, originally, becomes said parameter of the transfer function P A (s) of the tension compensator which should be fixed for the time axis is changed with respect to the time axis (time strange).
The time axis conversion of the transfer function P A (s) will be described below.
First, the roll rotation speed r (t) at time t (sec) is expressed by the following equation.
[Equation 3]
Figure 0004601202
Here, ω (t) is the roll rotation speed of the (i + 1) th stand, and β is a known constant. Furthermore, it shows the state space representation of the transfer function P A (s) in the following equation.
[Expression 4]
Figure 0004601202
Since r (t) is monotonically increasing, there exists a function x (r) that satisfies x (t) = x (r) for any t ≧ 0. u (r), y (r), and ω (r) can be defined similarly. Therefore, the following equation is obtained.
[Equation 5]
Figure 0004601202
When the equation (4) is converted using the equation (5), the following equation is obtained.
[Formula 6]
Figure 0004601202
Here, the function θ (r) of the roll rotation speed r (t) is expressed by the following equation:
Figure 0004601202
If defined as follows, Equation (4) becomes as follows.
[Equation 8]
Figure 0004601202
Expression (8) is expressed as an LPV (Linear Parameter Varying) system depending on θ (r). Here, the parameters A, B, C, and D relating to the dynamic characteristics are scalars, and the state space expression is linearly dependent on the time-varying parameter θ (r), so that the design method using the LPV system is easy. Applicable to. Since the LPV system is known, its description is omitted here. For simplicity, the following design is performed with β = 1. As described above, the transfer function P A (θ) obtained by performing the time axis conversion by correcting with the function θ (r) of the roll speed is expressed by the following equation.
[Equation 9]
Figure 0004601202
[0010]
(Time-axis conversion: dead-time paddy approximation)
FIG. 4 shows a closed loop system in which the time axis conversion is performed by the method described above with respect to the control system shown in FIG.
In order to handle the dead time in the framework of linear system control theory, it is necessary to approximate the dead time with a linear function. The error is estimated and an effective control system is designed within the range of the error. In this time axis system, the portion approximated by the paddy also varies with time, so that it is necessary to estimate the error further, and it is necessary to set a more conservative gain. However, in FIG. 4, since the time axis conversion is performed, the paddy approximation portion is fixed, and a more aggressive gain setting is possible.
In FIG. 4, the dead time element e −RdS is approximated as shown in the following equation (d) using a second-order paddy approximation, and the error Δ m is regarded as a multiplicative perturbation.
[Expression 10]
Figure 0004601202
The plate width compensator shown in FIG. 4 incorporates an integrator (1 / s) in advance in order to follow the offset input without a steady deviation. Here, if the frequency weighting function W p is an appropriate function, the gain from w to z 1 may be small in order to improve the performance of suppressing the sinusoidal disturbance. Further, followability to offset the disturbance can be evaluated with the gain from w to z 2.
W m is a frequency weight gain with respect to an error when the dead time element is approximated by a paddy. In the closed loop system of FIG. 4, there are two perturbations, the perturbation ΔN of the plate width model and the perturbation Δm of the time delay element, so that the control gain is conservative when applying a design method of a robust control system such as LMI as it is. Adjusted to Thus, FIG. 5 shows these as a united multiplicative perturbation. At that time, a perturbation weight function W (s) that satisfies the following equation is adopted to normalize the perturbation.
## EQU11 ##
Figure 0004601202
The perturbation weight function W (s) is expressed by the following equation.
[Expression 12]
Figure 0004601202
FIG. 5 shows the approximate dead time and true dead time in a frequency characteristic diagram. This is read, and the overall frequency weight gain is determined so as to cover the error.
[0011]
The plate thickness compensator of the plate thickness control system obtained as described above inputs the information from the plate width meter and the roll rotation speed ω (t) of the i + 1th stand, and the tension command value σ ref The amount of correction is output.
The control by the plate width compensator is performed at the control timing obtained sequentially from the roll rotation speed ω (t) because the time axis conversion is performed.
FIG. 7 shows the control procedure. The control procedure shown in FIG. 7 is a program in which a mathematical expression of the plate width compensator designed by the above-described design procedure is programmed and executed by a computer. Along with the start of control, the processing from the start of FIG. 7 is executed.
First, after a predetermined time variable t is initialized to 0 in S11, the elapse of a predetermined unit time Δt is determined by a timer in S12, and a loop is performed until Δt elapses. Thereby, the processing after S13 is executed every Δt. Here, Δt is a time sufficiently shorter than the actual control cycle.
In S13, it is determined whether or not the result of integrating the roll rotation speed ω (t) from time t before to the present is equal to a predetermined roll rotation number Δr (control period after the time axis conversion). If it is determined that they are not equal (usually less than Δr), Δt is added to the variable t, and the process returns to S12. If it is determined in S13 that the integrated value of the roll rotation speed ω (t) is substantially equal to the control period Δr after the time axis conversion, data input (S15), operation amount calculation (S16), operation amount output ( S17) is performed, and the process returns to S11 and the above processing is repeated.
As a result, the actual control cycle (control cycle on the normal time axis) changes each time, but is controlled every time the rolling roll rotates by Δr, and the control cycle after the time axis conversion (= Δr) ) Is constant.
In addition to such a method, for example, a rotary potentiometer that generates a pulse signal at a predetermined rotation angle is attached to the rotating shaft of the roll, and control is performed using the pulse signal as a trigger. Conceivable.
[0012]
(Design result of plate width compensator)
For the closed loop system of the plate width control system shown in FIG. 5 obtained in this way, the configuration of K (θ) of the plate thickness compensator and its parameters are applied to the LMI method, which is an example of a robust control design method. Then, the simulation of the control result of the plate width w 7 when a disturbance was applied was performed. Since the LMI method is known, the description thereof is omitted here.
As the simulation conditions, the upper and lower limits of the error sector were set assuming that the disturbance applied to the entrance side plate width W i of the i-th stand is ± 0.2 (mm).
The dead time L (t), which is a simulation input condition, is constant from L (t) = 1.0 (sec) at the start of rolling to L (t) = 0.5 (sec) after 50 (sec). It became constant after changing at the rate of change. Further, the roll rotation speed R d of the seventh stand required for the steel sheet is fed to the plate width meter from the seventh stand was 1.0 (round).
Further, the i-th stand entry side width W i is the constant value 1266 (mm), in a state where the plate width W i + 1 is asymptotic to a target value value 1266 (mm), the ▲ 1 ▼ W i amplitude 0.05 (mm), added sine wave disturbance frequency 0.4 (rad / round), ▲ 2 ▼ W i to add an offset disturbance size 0.05 (mm), a simulation was performed for two conditions of. FIGS. 8 and 9 compare the results with the response of the PI compensator on the normal time axis that does not perform the time axis conversion under the same conditions. As is apparent from FIG. 8, the result (a) obtained by the design with the time axis conversion according to the present invention is more effective against the sinusoidal disturbance than the result (b) of the PI compensator obtained by the design without the time axis conversion. Responsiveness is much improved and stability is not compromised. In addition, from FIG. 9, it can be seen that also with respect to the offset disturbance, the result (a) of the design obtained by performing the time axis conversion has improved responsiveness than the result (b) of the PI compensator. .
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even when the dead time required for detecting the sheet width after rolling changes due to the change in the rotation speed of the rolling roll, the stability is improved and the responsiveness is improved. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a design method of a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a rolling process to which a method for designing a sheet width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a closed-loop system for plate width control to which a method for designing a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a closed loop system after a time variable is converted by the plate width control system design method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram in which perturbations of the closed-loop system after the time variable is converted by the design method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention are integrated into one.
FIG. 6 is a frequency characteristic diagram of an approximate dead time and a true dead time in a closed loop system configured by a method for designing a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a control method of the plate width control system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram comparing frequency responses of a plate width compensator designed by a plate width control system designing method according to an embodiment of the present invention and a normal PI compensator.
FIG. 9 is a diagram comparing step responses of a plate width compensator designed by a plate width control system design method according to an embodiment of the present invention and a normal PI compensator.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing nonlinear characteristics of a plate width model to which a method for designing a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 11 is a table showing fluctuation values of condition parameters of a plate width control system to which a method for designing a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 12 is a view showing nonlinear characteristics of a deviation system of a plate width model to which a method for designing a plate width control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
S1, S2, ... Step 1, Step 2, ...

Claims (3)

圧延ロールの回転速度によって被圧延材の板幅制御を行い,かつ該板幅の検出にかかるむだ時間が前記回転速度の変化により変化する板幅制御系の設計方法において,
前記板幅制御系の制御モデルを,その時間変数を前記圧延ロールの回転数で表し,かつその動特性に係るパラメータを所定の前記回転数の関数により補正して表すことにより,前記むだ時間が一定とみなせる前記制御モデルを構成し,該制御モデルに対してロバスト制御設計手法を適用して前記制御モデルのパラメータを決定し,該制御モデルに基づいて前記圧延ロールが所定の回転数分だけ回転する毎に制御を行う制御系とすることを特徴とする板幅制御系の設計方法。
In the design method of the sheet width control system in which the sheet width of the material to be rolled is controlled by the rotation speed of the rolling roll, and the dead time for detecting the sheet width is changed by the change of the rotation speed,
The dead time is expressed by expressing the control model of the sheet width control system by expressing the time variable by the number of rotations of the rolling roll and correcting the parameter related to the dynamic characteristics by a function of the predetermined number of rotations. The control model that can be regarded as constant is configured, and a robust control design method is applied to the control model to determine parameters of the control model, and the rolling roll rotates by a predetermined number of rotations based on the control model A design method for a plate width control system, characterized in that a control system that performs control each time the control is performed.
圧延ロールの回転速度によって被圧延材の板幅制御を行い,かつ該板幅の検出にかかるむだ時間が前記回転速度の変化により変化する板幅制御系の板幅制御方法において,
前記板幅制御系の時間変数を前記圧延ロールの回転数で表すことにより,前記むだ時間が一定とみなせるよう構成された制御モデルに基づいて,前記圧延ロールが所定の回転数分だけ回転する毎に制御を行うことを特徴とする板幅制御系の制御方法。
In the sheet width control method of the sheet width control system, the sheet width control of the material to be rolled is performed by the rotation speed of the rolling roll, and the dead time for detection of the sheet width is changed by the change of the rotation speed.
By expressing the time variable of the sheet width control system by the number of rotations of the rolling roll, the rolling roll rotates by a predetermined number of rotations based on a control model configured so that the dead time can be regarded as constant. A control method of a plate width control system, characterized by
前記所定の回転数を,前記圧延ロールの回転速度から所定の計算により逐次求める請求項2に記載の板幅制御系の制御方法。The control method of the sheet | seat width control system of Claim 2 which calculates | requires the said predetermined rotation speed one by one by predetermined calculation from the rotational speed of the said rolling roll.
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