JP4605459B2 - Power balance control type vehicle power supply system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle load drive control device that optimally distributes electric power generated by a vehicle-mounted power generation device to a plurality of on-vehicle electric loads.

  In a conventional power balance control type vehicle power supply system, a control method (voltage feedback method) is generally used to control power generation so as to maintain the voltage of the power supply line within a predetermined range. In other words, this conventional control method uses the power line generated as a result of the gap between the power consumption discharged from the power line to the electric load and the power supplied from the power system (power generation device or power storage device) to the power line. Waiting for the fluctuation, power generation control is performed according to the fluctuation.

  Such control has problems that the control response is poor and the fluctuation of the power supply line is large because the power generation control is performed after the voltage drop of the power supply line due to the fluctuation of the required power of the load occurs.

On the other hand, the following Patent Documents 1 and 2 filed by the applicant of the present application use the total power consumption of the calculated or detected electric load as the required power, and supply power corresponding to the required power from the generator or the battery. In addition to supplying power, it is proposed to control the power supply line voltage range (battery voltage range) so as not to deviate from a predetermined allowable voltage range. In other words, in this control method, power generation control and power distribution permission power control to the load are performed so that the difference between the supplied power and the required power is within a predetermined value within a preset allowable voltage range of the power supply line. ing. According to this control (required power calculation method), in order to reduce this imbalance at or before the time when an imbalance occurs between supply power, particularly generated power and power consumption, which is the cause of voltage fluctuations in the power line. Because of this control (power balance control), it is possible to expect effects such as improvement in control response and reduction in fluctuations in the power supply line. Further, the following Patent Document 2 filed by the present applicant proposes to perform power generation control in consideration of the power cost.
JP 2004-249900 A JP 2004-194495 A JP 2004-260908 A

  However, the present inventors have noticed that the following problems exist in the vehicle power supply control device disclosed in the above publication.

  First, when a conventional generator that feedback-controls the voltage of the power supply line to a certain level is used in the power balance control type vehicle power supply system, the control device that performs power balance control directly controls the power generated by the conventional generator. Therefore, it has been difficult to use as a generator used in the power balance control type vehicle power supply system.

  In addition, it is difficult to control the generated power from the control device of the power balance control type vehicle power supply system in a power generation device such as a thermal power generation device or a solar power generation device using exhaust heat. It was difficult to use for power supply systems. If this is done, the voltage fluctuation of the power supply line is expected to increase significantly.

  Similarly, an electric load that is difficult to control power consumption from the control device for the power balance control type vehicle power supply system is also difficult to use for the power balance control type vehicle power supply system. If this is done, the voltage fluctuation of the power supply line is expected to increase significantly.

  Further, even for an electric load capable of controlling power consumption from the control device for the power balance control type vehicle power supply system, the power consumption generated according to the commanded required power has an error relative to the commanded required power. In this case, the voltage fluctuation of the power supply line is expected to increase.

  In addition, for example, there is a case where power is supplied to the vehicle power supply system from a stationary outlet, in which case it is difficult to control the inflow of external power from this stationary outlet by the control device of the power balance control type vehicle power supply system, Also in this case, it is expected that the voltage fluctuation of the power supply line increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has a simple configuration and is for a power balance control type vehicle that can suppress voltage fluctuations in a power line even when an electric device that is difficult to control power is connected to the power line. Its purpose is to provide a power supply system.

The present invention includes a power supply line, power storage means for transmitting and receiving power, and a generator for supplying power to the power line, a power supply system for supplying power supplied to the power line to the power line, and the power line A power consumption system having a number of electrical loads that consume power supplied from the power supply, and the required power of the electrical load or the generator so that the charge / discharge power of the power storage means falls within a predetermined allowable charge / discharge power range The control power is set so that the voltage of the power storage means falls within a predetermined supply voltage range, and the power control connected to the power line and the electric device difficult, a power balancing controllable power source system for a vehicle comprising, the electric device is a non-controlled power generation device which is a power generating device that can not control the power generation by a command from the control device, Serial information on the power generated by the non-controlled power generation device includes a generated power detecting means for estimating a predetermined interval based on the command value and power estimates or power value from the control device, said control device, the power generation The power balance control type vehicle power supply system is characterized in that the power balance control is performed by regarding the generated power estimated based on the information from the power detection means as the generated power of the power generation device.

  This power balance control will be described.

  The voltage of the power supply line needs to be maintained within a predetermined allowable voltage range. This is clearly necessary for good operation of the electrical load and the storage means. Conventionally, a method of measuring the voltage of the power supply line and controlling the voltage by feedback so that the amount of power generation becomes a predetermined voltage has been adopted. However, in this feedback control, since the amount of power generation is increased only after the power supply line voltage drops, a control delay occurs, and the voltage fluctuation reduction of the power supply line cannot be sufficiently performed.

  Therefore, by maintaining the charge / discharge power of the battery, which is the difference between the generated power and the load power consumption, within the allowable charge / discharge power range, the battery is within the allowable voltage range having a certain relationship with the allowable charge / discharge power range. Power balance control is performed to maintain the voltage, that is, the voltage range of the power supply line. The allowable charge / discharge power range and the allowable voltage range of the battery change depending on the state of charge or deterioration of the battery, and it is only necessary to detect these and correct the map indicating the charge / discharge power-voltage characteristics. That is, since the charge / discharge power of the power storage means depends on the voltage level of the power supply line, the range of the allowable charge / discharge power corresponding to the voltage level of the power supply line being within a predetermined allowable range is estimated, and the estimated battery The required power and generated power (including regenerative power) are calculated within the allowable charge / discharge power range. In addition to the generator, the power generator may be a fuel cell or other power generator. The technical idea of controlling the generated power and the required power (electric load power consumption) within this allowable charge / discharge power range is to generate power or electric power in order to maintain an intermediate parameter called power line voltage within a predetermined allowable voltage range. This is essentially different from control of a normal power balance control type vehicle power supply system that controls power consumption of a load.

In particular, a first invention for solving the above problems, a non-controlled power generation device which is a power generating device that can not control the power generation by a command from the control device is one of electric appliances, the non-controlled power generator Generated power detection means for estimating information on the generated power at a predetermined interval based on a command value from the control device and a power estimated value or a power value, and the control device receives the generated power from the generated power detection means. The power balance control is performed by regarding the generated power estimated based on the information as the generated power of the power generation device.

  That is, according to the present invention, the generated power of the non-control power generation apparatus that is a power generation apparatus that cannot control the generated power is estimated based on detection information related thereto, such as the generated current, and the power balance control is performed using the estimated generated power. I do. In this case, this generated power cannot be directly controlled from the power balance control system of the present invention, but since the required power of each electric load or other generators can be controlled, the voltage of the power supply line is stabilized, The charge / discharge power can be maintained within a predetermined preferable charge / discharge power range. That is, according to the present invention, a power generation device that cannot directly control the generated power can be applied to the power balance control type vehicle power supply system, and the control and communication devices and operations for power generation control can be simplified. That is why. The information for estimating the power generated by the power generation device is not limited to the generated current.

In particular, the second invention for solving the above-described problem is a non-control type electric load which is one of electric devices and cannot control power consumption by a command from the control device, and the non-control type electric load. Power consumption detecting means for estimating information related to power consumption at a predetermined interval based on a command value from the control device and a power estimated value or a power value, and the control device receives the information from the power consumption detecting means. The power balance control is performed by regarding the required power estimated based on the above as the required power of the non-control electric load.

  That is, according to the present invention, the power consumption of an uncontrolled electric load that is an electric load whose power consumption cannot be controlled is estimated based on detection information related thereto, such as load current, and the power balance is calculated using the estimated power consumption as required power. Take control. In this case, the required power cannot be directly controlled from the power balance control system of the present invention, but the power supply line voltage is stabilized by ensuring the corresponding supply power, and the charge / discharge power of the power storage means is set to a predetermined value. It is possible to maintain within the charge / discharge power range. That is, according to the present invention, an electric load whose power consumption cannot be directly controlled can be used for the power balance control type vehicle power supply system, and a device and an operation for control and communication for power control of the electric load. Can be simplified.

In a preferred aspect, the priority of the required power of the electric load is set to the maximum. As a result, the power used by the electrical load last time can be secured with the highest priority, and the power can be controlled by another controllable generator or electrical load, so that the power supply voltage can be stabilized.

  A preferred embodiment of the power balance control type vehicle power supply system of the present invention will be described below. However, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following embodiments, and it is obvious that the present invention may be realized by a combination of known techniques or equivalent techniques.

Example 1
(Overall equipment configuration)
A vehicle power supply system (also referred to as a vehicle power supply device) of this embodiment will be described with reference to the block circuit shown in FIG.

  The engine 101 is connected to the generator 102 by a belt 107. The generator 102 is connected to the battery 103 and the load control means 110a to 110e through the power line 108. The load control means 110a performs power supply control of the loads 111a1 to 111a3, the load control means 110b performs power supply control of the loads 111b1 to 111b3, and the load control means 110e performs power supply control of the loads 111e1 to 111e3. These load control means 110a to 110e include operation switches (not shown) necessary for performing the above control and various sensors (not shown) for this control, and external input signals and outputs of these sensors. Depending on the output, the output control of the load belonging to itself is performed or interrupted.

  104 is an engine control means. The engine control means 104 is a control device for controlling the engine 101, and is connected to the power supply control means 105, and is detected by a sensor (not shown) that detects various states of the engine 101. Various information such as the number of revolutions is transmitted to the power control means 105, and the output of the engine 101 is increased or decreased according to a command from the power control means 105.

  Reference numeral 105 denotes power supply control means. The power supply control means 105 communicates with the engine control means 104, the generator control means 112, the battery monitoring means 113, and each load control means 110a to 110e, and the total power consumption of the electric load from the load current sensor 109 is obtained from the battery current sensor. The charge / discharge power of the battery 103 is detected. The battery monitoring unit 113 detects the battery temperature and the battery voltage sensor and transmits them to the power supply control unit 105. The generator control unit 112 collects information on the battery 103, the engine 101, the generator 102, and the loads 111a1 to 111e3 through the engine control unit 105, the generator control unit 112, the battery monitoring unit 113, and the load control units 110a to 110e. Based on this information, a command is formed, an engine control command is sent to the engine 101, a control command for the generator 102 is sent to the generator 102, and a control command for each load 111a1 to 111e3 is sent to each load control means 110a to 110e. Output.

  Further, the power control means 105 receives vehicle braking information from a vehicle controller (not shown), and generates a command for controlling the generated power of the generator 102 to a value corresponding to the vehicle braking amount recognized by the vehicle braking information or a part thereof. To the machine control means 112. The vehicle controller calculates a vehicle braking amount corresponding to an operation amount of a braking operation means such as a brake depression amount sensor (not shown) and generates a braking amount obtained by subtracting the regenerative braking amount from the vehicle braking amount. Do not command to the control unit of the hydraulic brake device.

  112 is a generator control means. The generator control unit 112 transmits the generator information such as the current generated power of the generator 102 and the rotation speed of the generator 102 to the power supply control unit 105 through the generator control unit 112. Further, the generator control means 112 increases the field current of the generator 102 in accordance with the regenerative power value commanded from the power supply control means 105, performs regenerative braking, and generates the necessary vehicle braking amount (regenerative braking amount). .

  106 is a communication bus for communication between the power supply control means 105, the battery 103, the generator control means 112, the engine control means 104, and the load control means 110a to 110e.

(Explanation of power balance control)
Control of the vehicle power supply system (power balance control) by the power supply control means 105 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. The control routine shown in FIG. 2 is executed at a constant execution cycle. The power of each electrical device is calculated as the product of voltage and current, but when the current is unknown, the power is estimated from the map according to a predetermined value or operation information given in advance. . First, the overall control flow will be outlined, and then the details of each control will be described individually.

  First, in step S100, the system required power Pl, that is, the power necessary for driving each electric load is determined. This system power requirement is the sum of the load power requirements, which is the power demand of each electrical load. In the next step S110, the allowable charge / discharge power range Pa of the battery 103 is determined based on the state of the battery 103. In the next step S120, generated power and allowable power to the load are determined using the obtained system required power and charge / discharge power range. In the next step S130, the generated power with the calculated generated power is commanded to the generator 102 through the generator control means 112, and the permitted power corresponding to the load required power formed by dividing the system required power for each electric load. Is transmitted to each of the loads 111a1 to 111e3 through the load control means 110a to 110e. As a result, it is possible to perform power balance control that generates generated power corresponding to the system required power Pl while keeping the charge / discharge power of the power storage means in a suitable small range. Next, each control subroutine will be described in more detail.

(System required power determination subroutine)
The operation for determining the system required power Pl described in step S100, that is, the sum of the load required power, will be described in more detail. In this subroutine, first, the required load power, which is the required power of each electric load, is determined based on the information related to the driving of each electric load. This load required power is power necessary for normal driving of the electric load. The required load power is determined based on the load information from the load control means 110a to 110e. The load information represents the operation state and the like. The required system power Pl is determined by adding the required load power of each of the load control means 110a to 110e.

(Charge / discharge power range determination subroutine)
Next, the charge / discharge power range determination subroutine described in step S110 will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing charge / discharge power-voltage characteristics. Vcf is a preferred maximum value of the battery voltage, Vdf is a preferred minimum value of the battery voltage, Pcf is an upper limit value (preferred maximum charge power) of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf, and Pdf is a lower limit value (preferred maximum) of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf. Discharge power) Pcf. The preferable charging / discharging power range Pf referred to here means a charging / discharging power range in which power supply voltage fluctuation is as small as possible. In consideration of battery protection and potential fluctuation suppression of the power supply line 108, it is preferable to set the charge / discharge power of the battery within the preferable charge / discharge power range Pf. That is, in this embodiment, control is performed to match the system required power and the supplied power, but control is performed so as to keep the imbalance between the system required power and the generated power within the preferable charge / discharge power range Pf as much as possible. As a result, the charging / discharging current of the battery 103 is suppressed within a predetermined range. Further, even if an error occurs between the actual generated power and the total power consumption of each of the loads 111a1 to 111e3 when the control is performed according to the calculated system required power and generated power, this error is suitable for the battery 103. Deviation from the discharge power range Pf can be suppressed.

  However, in this embodiment, the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf of the battery 103 is changed according to the storage state of the battery 103. For example, when the remaining capacity of the battery 103 is high, the upper limit value (suitable charge power) Pcf of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf is set small, and the lower limit value (suitable discharge power) Pdf is set large. On the contrary, when the remaining capacity of the battery 103 is low, the upper limit value (suitable charge power) Pcf of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf is set large, and the lower limit value (suitable discharge power) Pdf is set small. In order to determine the upper limit value Pcf and the lower limit value Pdf of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf, the charge / discharge power-voltage characteristics shown in FIG. 3 are stored in advance for each storage state of the battery 103 and correspond to the current storage state. The optimum charge / discharge power-voltage characteristic is selected, and the upper limit value Pcf and the lower limit value Pdf of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf may be determined based on the selected charge / discharge power-voltage characteristic. For the display of the storage state of the battery 103, for example, the SOC or open circuit voltage of the battery 103 obtained by a known method can be used. When determining the storage state of the battery based on the open voltage, correction may be performed in consideration of the deterioration state and polarization state. In this way, in order to control the imbalance between the generated power and the actual power consumption of each of the loads 111a1 to 111e3 as much as possible within this preferred charge / discharge power range Pf, Can have a positive effect. Naturally, the preferable maximum value Vcf and the preferable minimum value Vdf of the battery voltage specifying the preferable voltage range are within the allowable voltage range specified by the allowable maximum value Vca and the allowable minimum value Vda of the battery voltage shown in FIG. Specified. Similarly, the upper limit value Pcf and the lower limit value Pdf of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf need to be specified within the upper limit value Pca and the lower limit value Pda of the allowable charge / discharge power range Pa shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the allowable maximum value Vca of the battery voltage and the allowable minimum value Vda of the battery voltage are set to predetermined constant values, but may be changed according to the storage state of the battery 103.

  It is preferable that the charging / discharging power of the battery 103 does not deviate from the allowable charging / discharging power range Pa set by the above method. A simple method for controlling the charging / discharging power of the battery 103 to be within the allowable charging / discharging power range Pa is that when the allowable maximum value Vca and the allowable minimum value Vda of the battery voltage are constant values, the voltage of the power line 108 is When approaching the allowable maximum value Vca and the allowable minimum value Vda of the battery voltage, it is easy to increase or decrease the generated power or increase or decrease the allowable power to the load.

(Generated power generation subroutine)
The operation for determining the generated power described in step S120 will be described in more detail. In this subroutine, the system required power Pl is maintained so that the charge / discharge power can be maintained within the upper limit value (maximum value of the preferred charge power) Pcf and the lower limit value (maximum value of the preferred discharge power) Pdf of the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf. The generated power Pg and the load permission power Pdist corresponding to are determined. This determination method is shown below. When the power generation possible power Pavi exceeds the system required power Pl, the load allowable power Pdist is made to coincide with the system required power Pl, and power generation is performed so that the difference between the generated power Pg and the load allowable power Pdist falls within the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf. Determine the power Pg. On the contrary, when the power generation possible power Pavi is lower than the system required power Pl, the power generation power Pg is set to the maximum value of the power generation possible power Pavi, and the difference between the power generation power Pg and the load permission power Pdist is within the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf. The load distribution power Pdist is determined so as to be within the range.

  However, it is natural that the generated power Pg needs to be set within the range of the maximum generated power Pgmax that can be generated at present. The maximum generated power Pgmax is calculated by a known method based on the information regarding the generator 102 received from the generator control means 112. In addition, the system required power Pl may be larger than the maximum generated power Pgmax due to simultaneous requests from a large number of loads. In this case, among the priorities set in advance for each of the loads 111a1 to 111e3, the load power cut is determined in order from the load having the lowest priority until the system required power Pl matches the maximum generated power Pgmax. The sum of the required load power of each load for which power cut is determined is subtracted from the required system power Pl. Thereby, even when the power generation performance is insufficient, the preferred charge / discharge power range Pf can be maintained. This load cut may be 100% cut for each load, or a part of the required load power may be cut by the load. However, this cut is not performed for a predetermined important load, and the basic running performance of the vehicle is prevented from being reduced by the load cut. In this case, the generated power or the supplied power becomes smaller than the system required power Pl, and the discharge power is taken out from the battery 103 to the power supply line 108.

(Requested power, generated power distribution, transmission subroutine)
In the next step S130, the generator control means 112 is instructed to generate power with the determined generated power, and the load control means 110a to 110e so that power consumption corresponding to the required power of each load control means 110a to 110e is generated. The permitted power is transmitted through the loads 111a1 to 111e3. In addition, the magnitude of the load on the generator is commanded to an engine control device (not shown) according to the amount of power generated by the generator 102, and the engine control device applies torque corresponding to the final value of the generated power except during regenerative braking. Perform fuel consumption control to generate.

(Explanation of relationship between load control means and load)
The load control means 110d determines power distribution to each of the loads 111d1 to 111d4, and transmits the determined power to the loads 111d1 to 111d4 as permitted power. The relationship between the load control means 110a to 110e and the loads 111a1 to 111e3 will be described by taking the relationship between the load control means 110d and the loads 111d1 to 111d5 belonging thereto as an example. Reference numerals 10021 to 10025 denote loads that actually consume power, and are hereinafter also referred to as actual loads. Reference numerals 10061 to 10065 denote switches for controlling energization to the actual loads 10021 to 10025, and 10081 to 10085 denote load controllers for controlling the switches 10061 to 10055. The circuit composed of these actual loads, switches and load controllers is a typical load circuit (load or electric load referred to in the present invention), but the load 111d1 to 111d5 has a schematic configuration and is used for motor control. Various known load circuits such as circuits and PWM drive circuits made of semiconductors may be employed.

  The load controllers 10081 to 10085 transmit a signal indicating the required power and a signal indicating the priority of the load controller 110d to the load control unit 110d, and the load control unit prioritizes the power distributed from the power control unit 105 with the required power. According to the degree, it is allocated to each of the loads 111d1 to 111d5 as permitted power.

  The loads 111d1 to 111d4 are loads that can be controlled by the load control means 110d, that is, controlled electric loads. These loads 111d1 to 111d4 perform switching control of the switches 10061 to 10064 based on the permitted power received from the load control means 110d and supply power corresponding to the permitted power to the actual loads 10021 to 10024. Note that the loads 111d1 to 111d4 may have sensors for detecting their operating states. These sensors transmit the driving states of the actual loads 10021 to 10024 to the load controllers 10081 to 10084.

(Description of uncontrolled electrical load)
Next, the load 111d5, which is an uncontrolled electric load that cannot be controlled by the load control means 110d, will be described below. However, the circuit configuration of 111d5 shown in FIG. 4 is a schematic one, and various known circuit formats are possible. However, the load 111d5 includes a sensor 1012 that detects information about the power consumption and transmits the information to the load controller 10085. The actual load 10025 of the non-control type electric load 111d5 may be a DCCDCD converter having a cigarette lighter 12V terminal or an AC 100V output terminal, for example. In this case, the switch 10065 shown in FIG. 4 can be omitted.

  The information regarding the power consumption of the actual load 10025 may be a current sensor that detects the current of the actual load 10025, for example. By calculating the product of the current detected by the current sensor and the voltage of the power supply line 108, the power consumption of the actual load 10025 can be calculated. The current and voltage are preferably subjected to low-pass filter processing and average processing. Alternatively, a low frequency component of the calculated power consumption may be extracted.

  Specifically, the load controller 1008 may transmit the power consumption of the actual load 10025 calculated in the previous routine among the routines repeatedly executed by the load controller 10085 to the load control unit 110d as the current required power. Alternatively, the power consumption calculated in this routine may be immediately transmitted as the required power. In this case, the load controller 1008 preferably transmits a signal that maximizes its priority to the load control means 110d. As a result, the load control means 110d, including the power used by the uncontrolled load, can secure the permitted power to each of the loads 111d1 to 111d5 belonging to itself, so that the power supply line by unbalance between the supplied power and the system required power It is possible to reduce the voltage fluctuation 108 and the undesirable charge / discharge power fluctuation of the battery 103. FIG. 5 shows the required power transmission routine of the load controller 10085 described above.

(Example 2)
Next, generated power control in the case of having a power generation device that cannot control generated power from the power supply control means 105 will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is obtained by adding a power generation device 114 and a power generation controller 115 for controlling the power generation device 114 in FIG. The power generation device 114 transmits generated power to the power supply line 108 through the power generation controller 115.

  The power generation device 114 can be constituted by, for example, a thermoelectric element that generates power using exhaust gas heat, or a solar battery. It is difficult for the power generated by these power generation devices 114 to generate power according to the power generated by the power control means 105. For example, in solar power generation, the generated power is determined according to the amount of solar radiation. The power generation controller 115 can be equipped with a DCDC converter for voltage matching. Since such a power generation device 114 does not use additional fuel for power generation, and the power consumption, which is the running cost of power, can be regarded as essentially 0, the power supply line 108 is actively supplied with power. Should.

  Therefore, a sensor (not shown) that detects information related to the generated power of the power generation device 114 and transmits the information to the power generation controller 115 is provided in the same manner as the calculation of the required power of the non-control electric load 111d5. For example, the information may be a current sensor that detects a generated current. This current sensor can be incorporated in the power generation controller 115, for example. The power generation controller 115 can calculate the generated power of the power generation device 114 by obtaining the product of the detected generated current and the generated voltage.

  Specifically, the power generation controller 115 may transmit the generated power of the power generation device 114 calculated in the previous routine among the routines repeatedly executed by the power generation controller 115 to the power supply control unit 105 as the current generated power. In this case, the power generation controller 115 transmits the power generation cost of power generation to zero to a generator that does not require additional fuel for power generation, such as solar power generation. Moreover, when generating electricity using a part of engine power like an alternator, the power consumption is estimated and transmitted. As this estimation method, for example, it is possible to estimate from the fuel consumption rate map corresponding to the engine speed and torque and the current power generation amount. Specifically, the fuel consumption amount with and without power generation is calculated, and this is calculated. It can be calculated by dividing by the current power generation amount, and can be further divided by the efficiency of the generator. As a result, the power control means 105 generates the power generated by subtracting the power generated by the power generator 114 from the power generated this time, using the sum of the power generated by the generator 102 and the power generated by the power generator 114 as the generated power. Power can be generated by being assigned to the generator 102 via the machine control means 112.

  Thereby, it is possible to reduce voltage fluctuation of the power supply line 108 due to imbalance between supply power and system required power, and undesirable charge / discharge power fluctuation of the battery 103. The generated power transmission routine of the power generation controller 115 described above is shown in FIG.

(Example 3)
Next, with reference to FIG. 8, power balance control in the case where a device that cannot detect the power among various electrical devices such as a power generation device and an electrical load that exchange power with the power supply line 108 is connected to the power supply line 108 will be described below. Explained.

  In FIG. 8, 116 is a non-control / non-detection type power generation device that does not perform generation power control or detection of power generation, and 117 is a non-control / non-detection type electric load that performs neither power consumption control nor power consumption detection. Connected to line 108.

  Since the power of the power generator 116 and the power consumption of the electric load 117 cannot be controlled or detected, they become disturbance factors for the power balance control system of FIG. Hereinafter, such power that cannot be controlled or detected is referred to as external power. Of course, these power generators 116 and electrical loads 117 can have their own control circuits. The power balance control in the presence of such external power, more precisely, the error reduction method will be described below.

  When the power balance control system shown in FIG. 8 is considered as a plurality of subsystems connected by the power line 108, the power allocated to the subsystem (command power) and the measured power (actual power) of this subsystem This difference can be assumed to be the external power of this subsystem. That is, the difference power between the command power immediately before and the actual power in the predetermined sub system is regarded as the power (external power) of the non-control / non-detection type electric equipment connected to this sub system. The immediately preceding value is used to allow for delays in control and power change. For example, the difference between the command power of this subsystem determined in the previous routine before the control routine and the actual power of this subsystem measured in the previous routine of the control routine may be obtained. The estimated value of the external power is regarded as the required power, generated power, or charge / discharge power of the non-control / non-detection type electric device in the next routine. In FIG. 9, the generated power equal to the sum of the system required power, charge / discharge power, and external power determined in steps S100, 110, and 115 is determined (step S120).

  To determine the actual power of the subsystem, it is easy to detect the current of this subsystem and apply the voltage to calculate it. In FIG. 8, since the current sensor 109 actually measures the load system current, the difference between the total power allowed by the power supply control means 105 and the actual power is calculated as the required power of the non-control / non-detection type electric load 117. Can be considered. Similarly, the actual power of the power storage system and the load system can be found from the sum of the detected currents of the current sensors 107 and 109, which is equal in magnitude to the actual power of the power generation system and opposite in sign. That is, the actual power of the generated power is known. As in the case of the non-control / non-detection type electric load 117, in step 115, the generated power command value of the generator 102 calculated in step S120 in the previous previous routine and the power generation calculated in the previous routine The difference between the actual generated power of the system (in FIG. 8, the sum of the actual charge / discharge power of the battery 103 and the actual consumed power of the load system) is regarded as the estimated generated power of the non-control / non-detection type power generator 116, and In the calculation of the generated power of the generator 102 in step 120, the estimated generated power of the power generator 116 may be subtracted to obtain the generated power command value of the power generator 102. In addition, power storage means such as an electric double layer capacitor may be similarly connected to non-control / non-detection power storage means, and the charge / discharge power may be regarded as external power.

  Various methods other than the above can be used for the configuration of the subsystem and the estimation method of the actual power. For example, a non-control / non-detection type power generation device or a non-control / non-detection type power storage device may be connected to the power supply line 108 on the right side of the current sensor 109 shown in FIG. Furthermore, it is also possible to handle the difference power between the non-control / non-detection type electric load and the non-control / non-detection type generator as a non-control / non-detection type electric load or a generator. Another control example instead of the routine shown in FIG. 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. The supply power command is Ps_com, the load power command is Pl_com, the charge / discharge power to the battery is Pbat (charge is positive), and the external power estimated value is Punk (take-out is positive). First, in step 7002, upper and lower limit power values Pα and Pβ that can be charged and discharged by the battery, suppliable power, and load request power information are read. Pα and Pβ shown here are the same as Pdf and Pcf in FIG. Next, in step 7004, command values for supply power and load power are determined so that Pα <Ps_com−Pl_com−Punk <Pβ, and in step 7006, command output is performed. Thereafter, Pbat is estimated from the battery voltage or directly measured in Step 7008, and Punk for use in the next control cycle is calculated by Punk = Ps_com−Pl_com−Pbat in Step 7010 and stored. By this means, it is possible to control the generator and the load in the system while securing the amount of external power in advance, and to stably control the power supply. The initial value of Punk can be zero, or the saved final value at the previous vehicle operation can be used.

Example 4
Next, a control method for improving the calculation accuracy of the required power of the electric load will be described below using the seat heater device shown in FIG. 12 as an example. 12, the seat heater device has a seat heater (actual load) 1002, a switch 1006, and a load controller 1008, and constitutes a load 111a1 shown in FIG. The load controller 1008 communicates with the load 111a1 and performs PWM control of the switch 1006 to control power consumption to the seat heater 1002.

  The load controller 1008 receives a level setting signal from an adjustment switch (not shown) for adjusting the driving level of the seat heater 1002 (also simply referred to as a level or a command level), and a conversion map between the built-in level and required power Is converted into required power, and the requested power is requested to the power control means 105 through the load controller 1008. That is, the command level is a set value of the driving state of the seat heater that is manually input from the outside, and an example of the map is shown in FIG.

  For example, when the user selects the command level 2, the load controller 1008 charges 400 W of power to the power supply control means 105 through the load control means 110a. With this request, when the load controller 1008 receives 400 W of permitted power (command power) from the power supply control means 105 through the load control means 110a, the switch 1006 is PWM-controlled to energize the seat heater 1002 at level 2, Warm the seat.

  Next, even though the load controller 1008 performs PWM control corresponding to 400 W power feeding to the seat heater 1002 by the input of the command level 2, the energized power obtained from the detected current from the current sensor 1007 is the device error or the like. A correspondence example in the case of 380W due to a factor will be described below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  In step S3004, the energization power control corresponding to the command level is performed, and the actual energization power is calculated in the next step S3006. Next, it is determined whether or not the difference between the required power stored at the current command level and the actual energized power is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (S3005). Rewrite in the field of required power corresponding to. A rewritten example is shown in FIG. In this way, it is possible to reduce the error between the required power and the actual power in the next and subsequent times. In addition to the above, various known methods may be adopted as a method for correcting the required power of the electric load so as to approach the actual power. For example, even when a plurality of control parameters are set according to the level, correction can be made in a known direction such as identifying or learning each control parameter so that the required power matches the actual power.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle power supply system according to a first embodiment. 2 is a flowchart showing a power balance control operation of the vehicle power supply system of FIG. It is a characteristic view which shows the characteristic for setting the suitable charging / discharging electric power range of a battery. FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram specifically illustrating a relationship between a load control unit and a load in FIG. 1. 3 is a flowchart illustrating external power estimation control according to the first embodiment. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle power supply system according to a first embodiment. 6 is a flowchart illustrating external power estimation control according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle power supply system according to a third embodiment. 10 is a flowchart illustrating external power estimation control according to a third embodiment. 10 is a flowchart describing an example of an external power estimation method of FIG. 9. 10 is a flowchart describing another example of the external power estimation method of FIG. 9. FIG. 6 is a block circuit diagram illustrating a load circuit according to a fourth embodiment. 13 is a map stored in the load controller of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the routine of the load controller of FIG. It is a map which shows the example which rewritten the map of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

101 engine
102 generator
103 battery
104 Engine control means
105 Power control means
107 belt
108 Power line
109 Load current sensor
110a to 110e Load control means
111a1 to 111e3 load (electric load)
112 Generator control means

Claims (3)

A power supply system for supplying and receiving power to the power supply line, power storage means for transferring power to and from the power supply line, and a generator for supplying power to the power supply line;
A power consumption system having a number of electrical loads that consume power supplied from the power line;
Power balance control is performed to set the required power of the electric load or the generated power of the generator so that the charge / discharge power of the power storage means falls within a predetermined allowable charge / discharge power range, and the allowable charge / discharge power is A control device that is set so that the voltage of the power storage means falls within a predetermined supply voltage range;
Electrical equipment that is difficult to control power connected to the power line;
A power balance control type vehicle power supply system comprising:
The electrical device is a non-control power generation device that is a power generation device that cannot control the generated power according to a command from the control device,
A power generation detection means for estimating information related to the generated power of the non-control power generation device at a predetermined interval based on a command value from the control device and a power estimation value or a power value ;
The controller is
A power balance control type vehicle power supply system that performs the power balance control by regarding the generated power estimated based on the information from the generated power detection means as the generated power of the power generation device. A power supply system for supplying and receiving power to the power supply line, power storage means for transferring power to and from the power supply line, and a generator for supplying power to the power supply line;
A power consumption system having a number of electrical loads that consume power supplied from the power line;
Power balance control is performed to set the required power of the electric load or the generated power of the generator so that the charge / discharge power of the power storage means falls within a predetermined allowable charge / discharge power range, and the allowable charge / discharge power is A control device that is set so that the voltage of the power storage means falls within a predetermined supply voltage range;
Electrical equipment that is difficult to control power connected to the power line;
A power balance control type vehicle power supply system comprising:
The electrical device is a non-control type electrical load that is an electrical load that cannot control power consumption by a command from the control device,
Power consumption detecting means for estimating information on power consumption of the non-control type electrical load at a predetermined interval based on a command value from the control device and a power estimation value or a power value ;
The controller is
The power balance control type vehicle power supply system, wherein the power balance control is performed by regarding the required power estimated based on the information from the power consumption detection means as the required power of the non-control type electric load. The power balance control type vehicle power supply system according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A power balance control type vehicle power supply system, wherein the priority of the required power of the electric load is set to a maximum.

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