JP4606980B2 - Greening retaining wall block - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a retaining wall block that is installed on a slope, a cut-through surface, a riverbank wall surface, or the like obtained by cutting a natural mountain and that greens while protecting these wall surfaces.

  Various types of retaining wall blocks and revetment blocks with shelf-like planting spaces in front of the blocks have been proposed. For example, the retaining wall block for planting according to Patent Document 1 is a step in which a plurality of steps are formed stepwise on the front surface of the block. The soil is backfilled with soil and integrated with the natural ground. It is disclosed that the inside of a stepped step portion filled with soil functions as a planting pot and can be used as a retaining wall block for planting with a good plant root tension.

  Certainly, in the retaining wall block installed so that the back side of the retaining wall is continuous with the natural ground, good vegetation can be expected because the trees and plant roots planted in the planting pot directly settle on the natural ground. On the other hand, depending on the geology of the natural ground, sufficient drainage could not be performed, and there was a risk that the retaining wall and revetment surface would collapse due to water pressure.

  That is, in the conventional general greening retaining wall block, an opening is provided on the rear wall surface of the block, but a highly water-permeable material such as crushed stone is introduced into the back of the block as a back-filling material, and these back-filling It is customary to install a sucking prevention material between the material and the back of the retaining wall block (Patent Document 2). However, such a construction method has a drawback that the water in the planting pot evaporates, especially during the summer when the retaining wall block is hot, and the growth of the plant is hindered, and in some cases, the plant is dead.

  Therefore, in order to supply water to the planting pot, a rainwater collection / water supply room is separately provided on the back side of the block, and the water collection / water supply room and the planting pot filled with the customer's soil are provided. A vegetation block has been proposed in which rainwater is supplied to the inside of a planting pot by connecting with a rope using the capillary phenomenon of the rope (Patent Document 3). In this vegetation block, rainwater stored in the water collection / water supply room in the block is regularly transferred to the planting pot while using a backfill material such as crushed stone on the back side of the block to ensure water permeability. It will be possible to plan planting with good growth of plants while supplying.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-8480 (Claim 1, FIG. 5) JP 2003-313889 A ([0003], FIG. 6) JP 2000-104268 A (Claims)

  Although the lack of water, which is one of the causes of lack of greening in the greening retaining wall block, has been improved to some extent by the vegetation block and the like according to Patent Document 3, planting in the first place in order to achieve sufficient growth of the plant There are indications that there is not enough soil to fill the pot. However, there is a limit to expand the volume of the planting pot constrained by the size of the greening retaining wall block itself, and when the rear surface of the retaining wall block is made continuous with the natural ground as in Patent Document 1 above. As mentioned above, there is a drawback that the permeability of the natural ground is impaired and the retaining wall itself is liable to collapse.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, The place made into the subject was vegetated in the planting pot, ensuring the water permeability of a retaining wall part using a backfill material like a conventional construction method. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a greening retaining wall block capable of securing sufficient soil volume and hydration for plant growth.

In order to solve the expected problem, in the greening retaining wall block according to the present invention, the bypass portion continuous from the planting pot disposed near the front wall surface of the block body is provided, and the rear end opening portion is the rear wall surface of the block body. It extended so that it might be located in the side. By crossing the backfilling material thrown in layers on the back side of the retaining wall block, by providing a water storage pot and an extension bypass part described later in the bypass part that directly connects the planting pot in the block to the natural ground, The roots of trees and the like planted in the planting pot can be sufficiently guided to the natural ground.

  The retaining wall block main body in the present invention can adopt a variety of shapes as long as it is a conventional greening block such as a box-shaped block having an open upper surface. The planting pot in such a greening block is usually arranged as close to the front wall as possible, but the bypass portion in the present invention is on the rear wall side of the block body so that the back ground mountain and the planting pot are connected. Since the rear end opening only needs to be positioned, the bypass portion does not necessarily have to be continuous from the rearmost end of the planting pot, and the bypass portion is extended from the position near the left and right side walls or the bottom surface of the planting pot. You may decide. Moreover, you may decide to divide a bypass part into 2 or more, and to arrange in parallel in the horizontal direction.

  The bypass part is formed so as to protrude from the rear wall surface side of the block main body toward the back ground in order to cross the backfill material formed in layers on the back of the retaining wall block and reach the back ground. Although it is general, the rear wall is placed in the main body of the retaining wall block by providing the last wall that is flush with the rear end opening of the bypass portion, and the rear wall and the back of the planting pot You may form so that a backfilling material may be thrown in between and a wall surface.

  The bypass part may be a cylindrical part whose body part is completely closed, a part or all of which is made of porous concrete so as to receive rainwater that passes through the retaining wall, and at least a slit length on the upper surface. Cylindrical ones with holes or a plurality of through-holes can also be adopted, but by forming a receiving groove shape with an open upper surface, it becomes easier to throw in soil at the time of construction, and rainwater further It becomes easy to receive. In addition, in order to make it easy for rainwater drainage to flow in the backfilling material located inside the greening retaining wall formed by stacking the blocks in multiple stages in the vertical direction, at least a part of the upper surface of the bypass section It can be formed so as to be at a position lower than the top surface of the block body, formed so that at least a part of the bottom surface is located at a position higher than the bottom surface of the block body, or provided with a notch that extends laterally.

And in the bypass part, it is close to the back ground, which is the place between the boundary with the planting pot and the rear end opening, especially the rear end part, that is, the place where it is difficult to be subject to temperature change outside the retaining wall block and is difficult to dry. in part, it is to provide a water pot for storing excess water.

Further, the bypass portion is arranged so that the length of the bypass portion can be appropriately selected so that the rear end opening of the bypass portion reaches the back ground regardless of the layer thickness of the backfilling material put on the back of the block. While being separate from the block body, it can be configured to be connected to an opening formed in the rear wall surface of the block body. Alternatively, as described above, while the rear end opening of the bypass portion is previously formed so as to be located in the block body after the wall is of providing an extension bypass which is further connected to the rear end opening.

  Further, the bypass portion can be formed with an inclined side wall surface so that the cross-sectional shape thereof is tapered in the bottom surface direction. For example, if the greening retaining wall block according to the present invention is stacked and installed in multiple stages if it is formed in a V-shaped section, a U-shaped section, etc., the bottom surface of the bypass portion of the block located in the upper stage, and the lower stage Between the uppermost surface of the bypass part of the block located at the bottom, a gap can be secured so that the soil thrown into the lower stage is exposed, and crushed stone used as a backfill material is thrown in from above. Even so, crushed stones and the like can easily reach the bottom surface of the bypass portion.

  In the greening retaining wall block according to the present invention, continuous vegetation soil is arranged from the planting pot near the front of the block to the back ground so as to penetrate the backfilling material layer such as crushed stone by providing a bypass part. Therefore, it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of soil for the growth of the plant, and it can be expected to lead to the back ground without damaging the growth of the roots and to be fully alive. In addition, the presence of vegetation soil that continues to the back ground does not isolate the planting pot, so water can be supplied from the back ground, and crushed stones as backfill materials located on the bypass section can be greened. Since it acts as a counter for the wall block, the stability of the retaining wall can be further improved.

In particular, the bypass portion is formed in a receiving groove shape, and at least a part of the upper surface thereof is located at a position lower than the upper surface of the block body, or at least a part of the bottom surface thereof is located at a position higher than the bottom surface of the block body. By providing the notch, it is possible to supply rainwater to each bypass portion while securing continuous drainage in the lateral direction in the backfilling material layer inside the retaining wall. Here, since the water storage pot is provided between the boundary with the planting pot of the bypass part and the rear end opening, it is possible to store excess water of rainwater and prevent planting from withering during drying. .

  In addition, when the length of the bypass section itself is appropriately selected or an extended bypass section is provided at the rear end opening of the bypass section, the installation site of the greening retaining wall block is used regardless of the layer thickness of the backfill material. Depending on the conditions, the planting pot and the back ground mountain can be reliably continued.

  Furthermore, if the cross-sectional shape of the bypass part is tapered in the bottom direction, the crushed stones, etc. thrown from the top when the blocks are stacked and installed in multiple stages can easily reach the bottom of the bypass part. There is no need for rolling and leveling every time, and the efficiency of the backfill material installation work can be improved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 intended to indicate a reference example underlying the greening retaining wall block according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view of the block, FIG. 2 (b) FIG. 2C is a rear view of the block, and FIG. 2C is a right side view of the block. In the block of the example shown in the figure, the two bypass parts 3 and 3 that are continuous from the planting pot 2 disposed near the front wall 1 of the block body B are connected to the block body B, and the rear end openings 31 and 31 are connected to the block body B. It extends in the back direction from the rear wall surface 4 side so as to protrude. As shown in each drawing, the bypass portion 3 is formed in a concave-shaped receiving groove shape with an open upper surface, and the protruding length is set according to the layer thickness of the backside backing material.

  FIG. 3 is a side view showing a construction state of the green retaining wall block of the example of FIG. The greening retaining wall block body B, which is constructed on the slope where the natural ground G is cut diagonally, is piled up and installed on the foundation concrete K in multiple stages. Between the main body B, the backfilling material S such as crushed stone is arranged in a layered manner, and the planting plant P is planted in the planting pot 2.

  FIG. 4 is a view of the block in the construction state of FIG. 3 as seen from the back (natural ground side). The bypass part 3 protruding from the block body B is filled with the vegetation soil T in the same manner as in the planting pot 2 and reaches the ground ground G on the back side, so that the bypass exists in the left and right (horizontal) direction. The backfilling material S is filled in a prismatic shape between the portions 3 and 3.

  5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. Since the vegetation soil T filled in each block body B is continuous from the planting pot 2 to the natural ground G via the bypass part 3, the plant such as the planting plant P planted in the planting pot 2. The state where the root P1 has grown up to the natural mountain G is shown.

  FIGS. 6A to 6D are views showing an example in which only one bypass portion in the block shown in FIG. If the block of this example is staggered in multiple stages, as shown in FIG. 7, the bypass portions 3 and the backfill material S are alternately positioned in the vertical direction, and the vegetation soil T on the open upper surface of the bypass portion 3 Since it comes into contact with the backfill material S, there is an advantage that rainwater drainage flowing down through the backfill material S can be easily received by the bypass portion 3.

FIGS. 8A to 8D are views showing an example in which a rearmost wall that is flush with the rear end opening of the bypass portion in the block shown in FIG. 1 is provided. That is, the block is provided with the rearmost walls 51, 52, 53 so as to be flush with the rear end openings 31, 31 in the two bypass parts 3, 3 extending from the rear wall 4 of the block body B. . The point that two rear end openings 31, 31 continuous from the planting pot 2 are connected to the natural ground G is the same as the green retaining wall block in the example of FIG. Due to the presence of the rear walls 51, 52, 53, the bypass parts 3, 3 are substantially confined in the green retaining wall block main body B. The rear wall surface 4, the bypass parts 3, 3 and the rear wall Backfilling material S is filled in the filling spaces 61, 62, 63 surrounded by 51, 52, 53.
Is input and held.

  9 to 10 are views showing examples in which at least a part of the upper surface of the bypass portion is formed at a position lower than the upper surface of the block main body. First, the greening retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (d) has a planting pot 2 disposed near the front wall 1 of the block body B as a horizontally long rectangular parallelepiped, Bypass portions 3 and 3 separated into two from openings 38 and 38 provided at two positions below the wall surface 4 are extended. Each of the bypass portions 3 and 3 is formed in a concave receiving groove shape having an open upper surface as in the previous example, but the height of the side wall 32 is about half of the height of the planting pot 2. is there.

  Next, in the greening retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (d), these two bypass portions are integrated into one, and a reinforcing wall 41 is erected at the center and divided into two on the left and right. However, the wide and thin bypass portion 3 is formed over the entire width of the rear wall surface 4 of the block body. Since the height of the side walls 32, 32 and the reinforcing wall 41 in the bypass section 3 is only about half of the height of the planting pot 2, the top of the vegetation soil filled in the bypass section 3 is installed. Since the backfill material S is filled in layers, the backfill materials S of the greening retaining wall blocks installed adjacent to each other are continuous in the left-right (horizontal) direction, and the rain water on the back of the retaining wall is laterally flowing. It is absorbed by the vegetation soil in the bypass part 3 while being drained by the water. Therefore, in the greening retaining wall block of this example, the bypass part 3 can receive rainwater drainage in a larger area than the greening retaining wall block shown in FIG. 10 and the bypass part 3 is connected to the planting pot 2. Since the opening 38 is wide, there is an advantage that the root of the planting plant can be easily guided to the natural ground.

  On the other hand, the greening retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (d) has the same basic shape as the block of the example shown in FIG. 1, but the side walls 32 of the two bypass parts 3 and 3 are the same. , 32 is cut in a downward slope. Accordingly, when these blocks are stacked in a multi-stage on a slope or the like, a gap is always formed between the upper and lower bypass sections 3, so that rainwater drainage flowing down the backfill material S is hindered by the presence of the bypass section 3. It will be easier to flow in the left and right direction.

  12 and 13 are diagrams showing examples in which at least a part of the bottom surface of the bypass portion is formed to be higher than the bottom surface of the block main body. As in the example of FIGS. 9 to 11 above, a gap is secured between the bypass sections 3 and 3 of the upper and lower blocks installed in multiple stages so that rainwater flowing down the backfill material S can easily flow in the left-right direction. It is a consideration. Specifically, the greening retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (d) extends the bypass parts 3 and 3 from the notches provided at the two upper sides of the rear wall 4 of the planting pot 2. Has been established. Each of the bypass portions 3 and 3 is formed in a concave receiving groove shape having an open top surface as in the previous example, but the height of the side wall 32 is about half of the height of the planting pot 2. On the other hand, the space is secured below the bypass parts 3 and 3 by extending from a position biased to the upper side of the rear wall surface 4 of the planting pot 2. On the other hand, the greening retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 13 (a) to 13 (d) has the same basic shape as the block of the example shown in FIG. 1, but the side walls 32 of the two bypass parts 3 and 3 are the same. , 32 is different in that it is cut so as to incline upward.

  FIG. 14 is a view showing an example in which a notch that extends in the lateral direction is provided on the lower side of the bypass portion. Even in the case of the block of this example, when it is stacked and installed in multiple stages in the vertical direction, a gap corresponding to the notch 33 is secured between the bypass parts 3 and 3 of the upper and lower blocks without using staggered stacking. Therefore, the rain water flowing down in the backfill material S can easily flow in the left-right direction. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 14A to 14D, the rear end of the bypass portion 3 in the greening retaining wall block of the example shown in FIG. 12 is bent downward. As a result, a notch 33 is secured between the bent portion of the rear end of the bypass portion 3 and the rear wall surface 4 of the planting pot 2. When the block is installed, the backfill material S is also filled into the notch 33.

15 and 16 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention in which a water storage pot is provided at the rear end of the bypass portion. A water storage pot 36 for storing rainwater drainage flowing down the backfill material S is provided at the rear ends of the bypass parts 3 and 3 that are least affected by direct sunlight and temperature changes of the outside air. It helps to supply moisture to the roots. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in to FIG. 15 (a) no (e), to stand by separating the rear partition wall 35 and the front partition wall 34 to the rear end portion of the bypass section 3, both the partition walls Is a water storage pot 36. Therefore, the volume of the water storage pot 36 can be appropriately set by adjusting the height and the separation distance of the partition walls 34 and 35. Further, in the embodiment shown in Figures 16 (a) (e), by upright partition wall 37 in the bypass section 3 rear of greening retaining wall blocks shown in the previous figures 14, the partition wall The inside of 37 is a water storage pot 36. Therefore, when the greening retaining wall block of this example is installed in multiple stages, rainwater drainage flows through the notch 33 and flows down the backfilling material layer in a vertical and horizontal manner, and is also stored in the water storage pot 36. Will do.

FIGS. 17 to 19 are perspective views showing a greening retaining wall block according to the present invention in which the length of the bypass portion can be adjusted. By expanding and contracting the length of the bypass portion according to the situation of the block installation site, the planting pot and the back ground were able to be reliably connected. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, cutouts 43 and 43 are provided at two places on the rear wall surface 4 in the planting pot 2, and the cutouts 43 and 43 are roughly U-shaped. The groove-like bypass portions 3, 3 are detachably fitted. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18, two through holes 42, 42 are formed in the rear wall surface 4 of the planting pot 2 instead of the notches 43, 43, and the inside of the through holes 42, 42 is formed. The bypass portions 3 and 3 each having a substantially U-shaped groove are inserted in a freely detachable manner. Although these bypass parts 3 and 3 are all separated from the planting pot 2, the bypass parts 3 and 3 are separated from the planting pot 2 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 19. as well as extending the, by advancing and retracting the extension bypass 7,7 with interpolation of the said bypass section 3,3, are as enabling ligation adjustment of the planting pot 2 and the back ground mountain.

Figure 20 is a diagram showing the greening retaining wall blocks formed to have a tapered cross-sectional shape of the bypass portion toward the bottom. As shown in the figure, when the bypass parts 3 and 3 extending from the rear wall surface 4 of the planting pot 2 are formed in a substantially V shape when viewed from the back, when the blocks are stacked and installed in multiple stages, they are dropped from above. Since crushed stone or the like as the backfilling material S easily goes naturally to the bottom surface side of the bypass portion 3, the rolling and leveling work for each stage is unnecessary, and the efficiency of the backfilling material S installation work can be improved. It can be done. Therefore, it is most desirable to set the specific angle of the substantially V shape in the rear view to a gradient equal to or greater than the repose angle of crushed stone used as a backfill material. It is possible to reduce the rolling and leveling work for each stage simply by adopting a tapering shape in which at least crushed stones or the like are easy to go around to the bottom surface side of the bypass part 3 such as changing the slope.

It is the perspective view which showed the reference example used as the foundation of the greening retaining wall block which concerns on this invention. It is the top view (a), back view (b), and right view (c) of the block of FIG. It is a side view which shows the construction state of the greening retaining wall block of the reference example of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the block in the construction state of FIG. 3 from the back surface (natural ground side). It is XX sectional drawing in FIG. The perspective view (a) which showed the other reference example used as the foundation of the greening retaining wall block based on this invention which provided only one bypass part in the back intermediate position in the block shown in previous FIG. 1, the top view (b ), Rear view (c) and right side view (d). It is the figure which looked at the construction state of the greening retaining wall block of the reference example of FIG. 6 from the back surface (natural ground side) of the block. Previous perspective view showing a reference example of greening retaining wall block having a final wall forming the rear end opening portion of the same surface of the bypass section in the block shown in FIG. 1 (a), a plan view (b), rear It is a figure (c) and a right side view (d). Perspective view at least a portion showing a reference example of the formed green of retaining wall blocks to be lower than the block body upper surface position of the bypass portion upper surface (a), a plan view (b), rear view (c) and right It is a surface view (d). Further perspective view showing another reference example of greening retaining wall blocks formed of at least a portion to be lower than the block body upper surface position of the bypass portion upper surface (a), a plan view (b), rear view (c ) And right side view (d). Further perspective view showing another reference example of greening retaining wall blocks formed of at least a portion to be lower than the block body upper surface position of the bypass portion upper surface (a), a plan view (b), rear view (c ) And right side view (d). Perspective view at least a portion showing a reference example of the formed green greening retaining wall blocks to be higher than the block body bottom position of the bypass portion bottom (a), a plan view (b), rear view (c) and right It is a surface view (d). Green greening retaining walls another perspective view showing a reference example of blocks forming at least a portion to be higher than the block body bottom position of the bypass portion bottom (a), a plan view (b), rear view (c) It is a right side view (d). It is a perspective view (a), a plan view (b), a rear view (c), and a right side view (d) showing a reference example of a greening retaining wall block provided with a cutout extending laterally on the lower side of the bypass part. . A perspective view (a), a plan view (b), a rear view (c), a right side view (d) and Y showing an embodiment of a greening retaining wall block according to the present invention in which a water storage pot is provided at the rear end of the bypass portion -Y line fracture perspective view (e). Perspective view (a), plan view (b), rear view (c), right side view (d) showing another embodiment of the greening retaining wall block according to the present invention provided with a water storage pot at the rear end of the bypass part FIG. 5 is a perspective view (e) taken along the line Z-Z. Example greening retaining wall block according to the present invention which enables length adjustment of the bypass section is a perspective view of the. Another embodiment of the greening retaining wall block according to enable the the present invention the length adjustment of the bypass section is a perspective view of the. Yet another embodiment of the greening retaining wall block according to the present invention which enables length adjustment of the bypass section is a perspective view of the. Perspective view of the greening retaining wall blocks formed to have a tapered cross-sectional shape of the bypass portion toward the bottom (a), a plan view (b), rear view (c) and right side view (d).

1 Front wall 2 Planting pot 3 Bypass section 4 Rear wall
31 Rear end opening
32 Bypass side wall
33 Notch
34 Front partition wall
35 Rear partition wall
36 water pot
37 partition wall
38 opening
41 Reinforcement wall
42 Through-hole
43 Notch
51,52,53 Last wall
61,62,63 Filling space 7 Extended bypass B Block body K Foundation concrete P Planting plant S Backfill material (crushed stone)
T Vegetation soil G Ground mountain P1 Plant root

Claims (2)

A bypass portion front wall surface closer continuously from disposed a planting pot on the upper surface is formed on the receiving groove which is open in the block body, the rear end opening is extended to be located after the block body wall surface in ing Te retaining wall block,
A greening retaining wall block comprising a water storage pot between a boundary between the bypass pot and a planting pot and a rear end opening . The greening retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the bypass portion includes an extended bypass portion formed in a receiving groove shape having an open upper surface continuously connected to the rear end opening.

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