JP4617433B2 - Adsorption type refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an adsorption refrigerator.

  Adsorption refrigerators have been commercialized for many years because they can effectively convert waste heat into useful cooling. Regarding the adsorption refrigerator, for example, the following patent applications have been made (see Patent Documents 1 to 4).

  FIG. 1A shows the operating principle of a single-stage adsorption refrigerator (adsorption cycle). As shown in the figure, the adsorption refrigerator includes a condenser 11, an evaporator 12, and two adsorption / desorption units (adsorbent heat exchangers) 13 and 14 in which an adsorbent A such as silica gel is accommodated. Each of the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 includes a condenser 11 and an evaporator 12 via four circulation pipes 101 to 104 for circulating a working refrigerant M such as water (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a refrigerant). It is connected to the. A reflux pipe 105 connecting the condenser 11 and the evaporator 12 is provided, and the refrigerant M condensed in the condenser 11 is refluxed to the evaporator 12 through the reflux pipe 105. In addition, refrigerant valves 111 to 114 for opening and closing the flow passages are provided in the middle of the respective circulation pipes 101 to 104. By opening and closing these refrigerant valves 111 to 114, the refrigerant flow passage is selected to operate the adsorption refrigerator.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the cycle at the time of operation of the adsorption refrigerator is roughly divided into four strokes (stroke A to stroke D).

As shown in FIG. 1A, in the stroke A, the first refrigerant valve 111 and the fourth refrigerant valve 114 are in an open state, the second refrigerant valve 112 and the third refrigerant valve 113 are in a closed state, and Hot water Hw is supplied to the first adsorption / desorption device 13, and cooling water Cw 1 is supplied to the second adsorption / desorption device 14. Cold water (evaporation water) Cw2 carrying the heat of the low-temperature heat source flows into the evaporator 12, and the refrigerant M is vaporized at the vaporization temperature by the heat input Q _load from the cold water Cw2. The vaporized refrigerant M flows into the second adsorption / desorption device 14, where it is adsorbed by the adsorbent A (adsorption process). The adsorption heat Q _ad generated during the adsorption is removed by the cooling water Cw1. The adsorption temperature is an element that determines the adsorption concentration. The adsorption action continues until the adsorption concentration of the refrigerant M in the adsorbent A reaches a high concentration. Further, in the first adsorption / desorption device 13, the adsorbent A is heated to the desorption temperature by the operation heat Q _de carried by the hot water Hw, and the refrigerant M is desorbed. The desorbed refrigerant M flows into the condenser 11 through the first pipe 101. Condensation cooling water (condensation water) Cw3 that carries heat to the high-temperature heat source flows into the condenser 11, heat Q _reject in the refrigerant M is removed by the cooling water (Cw3), and the refrigerant M condenses ( Condensate) (desorption process). The condensed refrigerant M flows into the evaporator 12 through the reflux pipe 105 using a pressure difference or the like.

  In step B, all the refrigerant valves 111 to 114 are closed, the cooling water Cw1 is supplied to the first adsorption / desorption device 13, and the hot water Hw is supplied to the second adsorption / desorption device 14 (preparation step).

In step C, the second refrigerant valve 112 and the third refrigerant valve 113 are opened, the first refrigerant valve 111 and the fourth refrigerant valve 114 are closed, and the hot water Hw is supplied to the second adsorption / desorption device 14. 13 is supplied with cooling water Cw1. At this time, the refrigerant M vaporized by the evaporator 12 flows into the second adsorption / desorption device 14 and is adsorbed by the adsorbent A (adsorption process). Further, the refrigerant M desorbed by the first adsorption / desorption device 13 flows into the condenser 11 where it is condensed (condensed) (desorption process). The condensed refrigerant M flows into the evaporator 12 through the reflux pipe 105 using a pressure difference or the like. The adsorption action and desorption action are the same as those described in step A.

In the process D, as in the process B, all the refrigerant valves 111 to 114 are closed, the cooling water Cw1 is supplied to the second adsorption / desorption device 14, and the hot water Hw is supplied to the first adsorption / desorption device 13 (preparation process). ). When the process D is completed, the process returns to the process A and repeats the same cycle. By repeating such a cycle, the adsorption refrigerator is continuously operated, whereby the heat of the low-temperature heat source can be recovered and the low-temperature heat source can be cooled.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,376 US 5024064 US Pat. No. 6,490,875 U.S. Pat. No. 6,434,955

  Incidentally, as described above, in the conventional adsorption refrigerator, in order to operate the cycle of the adsorption refrigerator, it is necessary to control the opening / closing control of the valve using a control device. And it is not always easy to operate the cycle while maintaining a state in which the operation efficiency of the cycle is good by optimally performing valve opening / closing control. Further, it is necessary to use a considerable number of electromagnetic control valves and control devices as components of the adsorption refrigerator, but these are expensive.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an adsorption refrigerator that can be easily operated, and to provide a spool valve for an adsorption refrigerator that has a simple structure and is low in cost.

The present invention provides a first adsorption / desorption device in which working refrigerant is adsorbed or desorbed, a condenser for condensing the working refrigerant, an evaporator for vaporizing the working refrigerant, and an adsorption or desorption performed in the first adsorption / desorption device. A second adsorption / desorption device that performs an operation opposite to desorption, and operates by circulating a working refrigerant, wherein the working refrigerant is transferred from the first adsorption / desorption device to the condenser. A first desorbing refrigerant flow path for inflowing a refrigerant, a second desorbing refrigerant flow path for flowing working refrigerant from the second adsorption / desorption device to the condenser, and the evaporator to the first adsorption / desorption device. A first evaporative refrigerant flow path for flowing working refrigerant, a second evaporative refrigerant flow path for flowing working refrigerant from the evaporator to the second adsorption / desorption device, and an operation from the condenser to the evaporator A reflux passage through which the refrigerant flows,
A valve provided with a cylinder portion having a piston valve body that slides due to a pressure difference between an internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device and an internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device;
The piston valve body has the first desorbed refrigerant flow passage in a communicating state, the second desorbing refrigerant flow passage in a non-communication state, and the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage in a non-communication state. A first communication position that brings the flow passage into a communication state, a communication state between the first desorption refrigerant flow passage, a communication state between the first desorption refrigerant flow passage, and a communication state between the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage. Thus, the second evaporative refrigerant flow passage can be moved by sliding to a second communication position that brings the second evaporative refrigerant flow passage into a non-communication state, and automatically moves to these positions in accordance with the pressure difference.

  The piston valve body is slidably movable to a non-communication position where both the desorption refrigerant flow passage and the both evaporative refrigerant flow passages are in a non-communication state, and automatically moves to the position according to the pressure difference. It may be one that moves.

An adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention includes a first adsorbent / desorber downstream-side flow passage connected to the first adsorber / desorber and the cylinder part, a first connected to the cylinder part and the condenser. The second desorption refrigerant flow path includes a second adsorption / desorption downstream flow path connected to the second adsorption / desorption unit and the cylinder portion, and the cylinder. And a second condenser side flow passage connected to the condenser, and the piston valve body is connected to the first adsorption / desorption downstream flow passage of the first adsorption / desorption gas. It may move according to the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device transmitted by the second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow passage.

  The first desorption refrigerant flow passage includes a check valve that prevents the working refrigerant from flowing from the condenser to the first adsorption / desorption device, and the second desorption refrigerant flow passage is formed from the condenser. A check valve that prevents the working refrigerant from flowing into the second adsorption / desorption device, and the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage is a check that blocks the working refrigerant from flowing into the evaporator from the first adsorption / desorption device. A valve may be provided, and the second evaporative refrigerant flow passage may include a check valve that prevents the working refrigerant from flowing from the second adsorption / desorption device to the evaporator.

  In the adsorption type refrigerator according to the present invention, a valve having a cylinder portion having a piston valve body that moves in accordance with the pressure difference between the internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device and the internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device is used. Yes. Then, the first desorbing refrigerant flow passage, the second desorbing refrigerant flow passage, the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage, and the second evaporative refrigerant flow passage are automatically moved by automatically moving the piston valve body in accordance with the pressure difference. Open and close. Therefore, according to the present invention, the adsorption refrigeration machine can be operated without using an expensive valve such as an electromagnetic control valve or its control device. If an electromagnetic valve and its control device are not required, the device configuration is very simple, the manufacturing cost is remarkably reduced, and the manufacturing becomes easy. Since the structure is simple, the area required for the installation of the adsorption refrigerator and the size of the adsorption refrigerator can be reduced, the initial cost can be reduced, and the durability is improved. Since the opening / closing operation and timing of the passage by the piston valve body are automatically (autonomous) controlled according to the internal pressure of the adsorption / desorption device, the batch operation process of the adsorption refrigeration machine is performed by automatic (autonomous) control. In other words, the movement of the piston valve body is performed by a pressure difference caused by the internal pressure of a predetermined adsorption / desorption device when a heat source is supplied, and the valve is interlocked with the batch operation of the adsorption refrigerator cycle. Operates simultaneously. Further, since the piston valve body is moved based on the internal pressure of the adsorption / desorption device, malfunction of the valve is reliably prevented. In addition, since the switching time interval in the cycle is also automatically controlled, the system performance is automatically optimized. And the valve | bulb of the adsorption-type refrigerator of this invention can be used instead of most gas valves used in order to operate an adsorption-type refrigerator and to manage operation about the said apparatus.

  The piston valve body may be slidable to a non-communication position that brings both the desorption refrigerant flow passage and the both evaporative refrigerant flow passages into a non-communication state. When the piston valve body moves from one communication position to the other communication position and moves through the non-communication position, when the piston valve body is located at the non-communication position, The flow can be stopped. When the flow of the refrigerant is temporarily stopped, the piston valve body moves to the communication position of the movement destination, and when the corresponding refrigerant flow passage is in a flowable state, a large refrigerant flow rate is secured from the beginning, and the refrigeration cycle The performance of is surely demonstrated.

  Further, as the first desorption refrigerant flow passage, the first adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow passage connected to the first adsorption / desorption device and the cylinder portion, and the first condenser-side circulation connected to the cylinder portion and the condenser. The second desorption refrigerant flow passage is connected to the second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow passage connected to the second adsorption / desorption device and the cylinder portion, and the cylinder portion and the condenser. The piston valve body is transmitted by the internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device transmitted by the first adsorption / desorption gas side flow passage and the downstream flow passage by the second adsorption / desorption device. You may make it move according to the pressure difference with the internal pressure of the 2nd adsorption / desorption device. If it does in this way, the average pressure of all the beds in each adsorption / desorption device will be transmitted to a piston valve body, and automatic control of a more exact cycle can be performed by moving a piston valve body.

The first desorption refrigerant flow passage is provided with a check valve for preventing the working refrigerant from flowing from the condenser to the first adsorption / desorption device, and the second desorption refrigerant flow passage is provided from the condenser to the second adsorption / desorption device. The first evaporative refrigerant flow passage is provided with a check valve for preventing the operation refrigerant from flowing from the first adsorption / desorption device to the evaporator, and the second evaporative refrigerant flow is provided. If a check valve for preventing the working refrigerant from flowing from the second adsorption / desorption device to the evaporator is provided in the passage, the working refrigerant can be prevented from flowing back, and the device can be operated more accurately and efficiently. Can be activated.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of an adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  2A to 2C are cross-sectional views showing the state of the spool valve in each stroke of the adsorption refrigeration machine of the present embodiment, respectively. 3A to 3C schematically show states in each stroke of the adsorption refrigerator of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3A shows a state in which the piston valve body of the spool valve is located on the left side in the drawing ( Fig. 3B shows a state where the piston valve body is located at the center position in the cylinder (preparation strokes B and D), and Fig. 3C shows the piston valve body of the spool valve on the right side in the figure. The position (adsorption / desorption stroke C) is shown. FIG. 4 is an explanatory perspective view showing the shape of a spool valve used in the adsorption refrigerator of the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the spool valve used in the adsorption refrigerator of the embodiment. FIG. These figures serve to explain the basic concept of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the adsorption refrigerator of the present embodiment is configured to open and close the four heat exchangers 11 to 14, the pipes 21 to 28 connected thereto, and the pipes 21 to 28. And a spool valve 30.

  The four heat exchangers are a condenser 11, an evaporator 12, and two adsorption / desorption units (also referred to as adsorption / desorption beds) 13 and 14 in which the adsorbent A is accommodated. The adsorption / desorption device is a so-called pressure bed type adsorption / desorption bed. A predetermined amount of working refrigerant M (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “refrigerant”) is enclosed in a circulation path constituted by these heat exchangers 11 to 14 and piping, and the enclosed refrigerant M is circulated. It is supposed to be. In this embodiment, n-butane which exists naturally is used as the refrigerant M. However, the refrigerant | coolant M is not restricted to this, For example, it can be used according to the kind of adsorbent, refrigerant | coolant pressure, temperature conditions, etc. which combine alcohol, such as water, ammonia, and ethanol.

  In the condenser 11, the refrigerant M that has flowed in is condensed. One end of a first condenser side flow pipe 21 and one end of a second condenser side flow pipe 22 for allowing the refrigerant M to flow into the condenser 11 are connected to the condenser 11, and the condensed refrigerant M is condensed (condensed). One end of a reflux pipe 23 that flows into the evaporator 12 is connected. Further, the condenser 11 is provided with a condensing water pipe 11a through which cooling water (condensing water) Cw3 sent from the high-temperature heat source side is circulated. The flow path of the condensation water pipe 11a and the region where the refrigerant M flows are partitioned so that the refrigerant M and the cooling water Cw3 for condensation are not mixed, and only heat exchange is performed.

  In the evaporator 12, the refrigerant M that has flowed in is vaporized. The evaporator 12 is connected to the other end of the reflux pipe 23 and one end of an evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 that sends the refrigerant M to the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14. Further, an evaporating water pipe 12a for circulating cold water (evaporating water) Cw2 sent from the low-temperature heat source side is provided. The flow path of the evaporating water pipe 12a and the region where the refrigerant M flows are partitioned so that the refrigerant M and the cold water Cw2 do not mix, and only heat exchange is performed.

Adsorbent A is accommodated in the first adsorption / desorption device 13. The adsorbent A adsorbs the circulating refrigerant M or desorbs the adsorbed refrigerant M. In the present embodiment, the adsorbent A used is referred to as AC1500. AC1500 is powdered activated carbon and has a measured specific surface area of about 1500 m ² / g. The adsorbent is not limited to AC1500. For example, various types such as silica gel and zeolite can be used in addition to activated carbon. Which adsorbent is used is selected according to, for example, the type of refrigerant to be combined and the temperature condition.

  The first adsorption / desorption device 13 has one end of a first adsorption / desorption device upstream flow tube 25 for allowing the refrigerant M to flow in, and a first adsorption / desorption device downstream flow tube for sending the refrigerant M to the condenser 11 side. One end of 26 is connected, and the 1st adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a which distribute | circulates the hot water Hw (refer FIG. 3A) or the cooling water Cw1 (refer FIG. 3C) is piped. The flow path of the first adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a and the region where the refrigerant M flows are partitioned so that the refrigerant M, the cooling water Cw1, and the hot water Hw do not mix, and only heat exchange is performed. In addition, in the spool valve 30 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, one end of the first adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 25 is connected to the middle of the first adsorption / desorption device downstream flow pipe 26. The first adsorber / desorber 13 is communicated with a part of the downstream pipe flow pipe 26. The state in which the first adsorber / desorber upstream flow pipe 25 communicates with the evaporator 12 via the communication space S3 and the evaporator-side flow pipe 24, and the first adsorber / desorber downstream flow pipe 26 is the first cylinder. Since a state of communicating with the condenser 11 via the inner space S1 and the first condenser side flow pipe 21 does not occur at the same time, such a structure may be adopted. With such a structure, when the spool valve 30 is installed, the number of connection parts is minimized, and the connection work is facilitated.

  The second adsorber / desorber 14 has one end of a second adsorbent / desorber upstream flow pipe 27 for allowing the refrigerant M to flow in, and a second adsorber / desorber downstream flow pipe for sending the refrigerant M to the condenser 11 side. One end of 28 is connected. Moreover, the 2nd adsorption / desorption water pipe 14a for distribute | circulating the cooling water Cw1 and the warm water Hw is piped. A switcher (not shown) (see FIG. 10) is installed on the upstream side of the first adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a and the second adsorption / desorption water pipe 14a, and each of the water pipes 13a, 14a has either hot water Hw or cooling water Cw1. Can be switched. Note that when the hot water Hw is circulated to one side, the cooling water Cw1 is circulated to the other side. The flow path of the second adsorption / desorption water pipe 14a and the region through which the refrigerant M flows are partitioned so that the refrigerant M and the cooling water Cw1 and the hot water Hw do not mix, and only heat exchange is performed. In addition, in the spool valve 30 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, one end of the second adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 27 is connected to the middle of the second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow pipe 28. The second adsorbing / desorbing device 14 is communicated with a part of the device downstream-side flow pipe 28. The state in which the second adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 27 communicates with the evaporator 12 via the communication space S3 and the evaporator-side flow pipe 24, and the second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow pipe 28 is the first cylinder. Since a state of communicating with the condenser 11 via the inner space S2 and the second condenser side circulation pipe 22 does not occur at the same time, such a structure may be used. With such a structure, when the spool valve 30 is installed, the number of connection parts is minimized, and the connection work is facilitated.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the single-stage spool valve 30 includes a cylinder portion 31 including a housing chamber 31a and an inner ring 31b installed inside the housing chamber 31a. And a piston valve body 32 to be accommodated. The piston valve body 32 includes a small diameter portion 32e at the center thereof. Both ends of the cylinder portion 31 are closed by lid bodies 33 and 34. With such a configuration, three unique spaces are formed in the cylinder portion 31. Specifically, the first cylinder inner space (first cell) S1 shown in FIG. 2A and the like, the communication space (third cell) S3, and the second cylinder inner space (second cell) shown in FIG. 2C and the like. ) S2.

  In FIG. 2A, the other end of the first adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 26 is connected to the first lid 33 arranged on one end side (right side) of the spool valve 30. That is, the first adsorber / desorber downstream-side flow pipe 26 communicates with the first adsorber / desorber 13 at one end and communicates with the cylinder portion 31 (first cylinder space S1) of the spool valve 30 at the other end. is doing. Therefore, the first end surface 32 a on the one end side (right side) of the piston valve body 32 receives the pressure in the first adsorption / desorption device 13.

  Similarly, the other end of the second adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 28 is connected to the second lid 34 disposed at the other end (left side) of the spool valve 30. That is, the second adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 28 communicates with the second adsorption / desorption device 14 at one end and communicates with the cylinder portion 31 (second cylinder internal space S2) of the spool valve 30 at the other end. is doing. Therefore, the second end surface 32 b on the other end side (left side) of the piston valve body 32 receives the pressure in the second adsorption / desorption device 14.

  With such a structure, the piston valve body 32 moves in the cylinder portion 31 in accordance with the difference in internal pressure in both the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14. Note that in the adsorption refrigerator of this embodiment, the pressure difference between the two internal pressures reaches a maximum of about 300 kPa to 350 kPa as described later. Therefore, the piston valve body 32 can be reliably moved using this pressure difference.

  The piston valve body 32 includes concave portions 32c and 32d on both end surfaces 32a and 32b. Therefore, even if any one of the end surfaces 32a and 32b of the piston valve body 32 is in contact with the lid bodies 33 and 34, the end surfaces of the lid bodies 33 and 34 and the piston valve body 32 in contact therewith. Spaces S1 ′ and S2 ′ (see FIGS. 2A and 2C) surrounded by 32a and 32b are secured. With such a structure, even if the end faces 32a and 32b of the piston valve body 32 are in contact with the lid bodies 33 and 34, the inner and outer surfaces of the recesses 32c and 32d are separated from the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14. Can be pressurized. Therefore, a large pressing force can be applied to the piston valve body 32 from the initial stage of piston movement, and the piston valve body 32 can be reliably moved from the initial stage.

  The cylinder part 31 of the spool valve 30 is connected to the other ends of the first condenser side flow pipe 21 and the second condenser side flow pipe 22.

  The opening 21 a on the other end side of the first condenser side flow pipe 21 is formed at a cylinder inner peripheral surface position near the first lid 33. As shown in FIG. 2A, the first condenser side flow pipe 21 communicates with the first cylinder inner space S <b> 1 in the cylinder portion 31 when the piston valve body 32 is in contact with the second lid body 34. The first cylinder inner space S <b> 1 is formed in a state surrounded by the cylinder portion 31, the first end surface 32 a of the piston valve body 32, and the first lid body 33. That is, the opening 21a on the other end side of the first condenser side flow pipe 21 is formed at a position where the piston valve body 32 is in contact with the second lid 34 and communicates with the first cylinder inner space S1. In addition, as described above, the first adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 26 communicates with the first cylinder inner space S1. Accordingly, the first condenser-side flow pipe 21 communicates with the first adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 26 via the first cylinder inner space S1. As described above, the first desorption refrigerant flow passage through which the refrigerant M desorbed by the first adsorption / desorption device 13 is circulated to the condenser 11 by the first adsorption / desorption device downstream-side circulation pipe 26 and the first condenser-side circulation pipe 21. Is configured.

  On the other hand, the opening 22a on the other end side of the second condenser side flow pipe 22 is formed at a cylinder inner peripheral surface position near the second lid body 34. As shown in FIG. 2C, the second condenser side flow pipe 22 communicates with the second cylinder internal space S <b> 2 in the cylinder portion 31 when the piston valve body 32 is in contact with the first lid body 33. The second cylinder inner space S <b> 2 is formed in a state surrounded by the cylinder portion 31, the second end surface 32 b of the piston valve body 32, and the second lid body 34. That is, the opening 22a on the other end side of the second condenser side flow pipe 22 is formed at a position where the piston valve body 32 is in contact with the first lid body 33 and communicates with the second cylinder inner space S2. In addition, as described above, the second adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 28 communicates with the second cylinder inner space S2. Accordingly, the second condenser-side flow pipe 22 communicates with the second adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 28 via the second cylinder space S2. As described above, the second desorption refrigerant flow passage through which the refrigerant M desorbed by the second adsorption / desorption device 14 is circulated to the condenser 11 by the second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow tube 28 and the second condenser side flow tube 22. Is configured.

  A first check valve 21 b is attached to the first condenser side flow pipe 21, and a second check valve 22 b is attached to the second condenser side flow pipe 22. Each check valve 21 b and 22 b allows the refrigerant M to flow from the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 to the condenser 11. On the other hand, the check valves 21 b and 22 b prevent the reverse flow, that is, the inflow of the refrigerant M from the condenser 11 to the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14.

  Further, the other end of the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 is connected to the cylinder portion 31 of the spool valve 30. The opening 24a on the other end side of the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 is formed at the center position on the side surface of the cylinder. 2A and the like, a communication space S3 surrounded by the small diameter portion 32e and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 31 is formed on the outer periphery of the central portion of the piston valve body 32. The opening 24a on the other end side of the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 communicates with the communication space S3. The piston valve body sliding direction dimension of the communication space S3 is longer than the stroke distance of the piston valve body 32. The opening 24a on the other end side of the evaporator 12 is in communication with the communication space S3 no matter where the piston valve body 32 is located in the cylinder portion 31. That is, the opening 24a on the other end side of the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 is always formed at a position communicating with the communication space S3. Further, it can be said that the communication space S3 is formed so as to always communicate with the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24.

  The cylinder portion 31 of the spool valve 30 is connected to the other ends of the first adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 25 and the second adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 27.

  The opening 25a on the other end side of the first adsorption / desorption device upstream side circulation pipe 25 is formed at a cylinder side surface position closer to the first lid 33 than the position of the opening 24a on the other end side of the evaporator side circulation pipe 24. ing. And in the state which piston valve body 32 moved to the position (refer FIG. 2C) which contact | connects the 1st cover body 33, the 1st adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 25 is connected to communication space S3. That is, the opening 25a on the other end side of the first adsorption / desorption device upstream-side flow pipe 25 is formed at a position communicating with the communication space S3 in a state where the piston valve body 32 is in contact with the first lid body 33. As described above, the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 is always in communication with the communication space S3. Therefore, when the piston valve body 32 comes into contact with the first lid body 33, the first adsorption / desorption device upstream-side circulation pipe 25 communicates with the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 via the communication space S3. As described above, the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage through which the refrigerant M vaporized in the evaporator 12 is circulated to the first adsorber / desorber 13 by the evaporator-side flow pipe 24 and the first adsorber / desorber upstream-side flow pipe 25. It is configured.

  On the other hand, the opening 27a on the other end side of the second adsorption / desorption device upstream side circulation pipe 27 is located on the cylinder side surface closer to the second lid 34 than the position of the opening 24a on the other end side of the evaporator side circulation pipe 24. Is formed. And in the state which piston valve body 32 moved to the position (refer FIG. 2A) which contact | connects the 2nd cover body 34, the 2nd adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 27 is connected to communication space S3. That is, the opening 27a on the other end side of the second adsorption / desorption device upstream-side flow pipe 27 is formed at a position communicating with the communication space S3 in a state where the piston valve body 32 is in contact with the second lid body 34. As described above, the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 is always in communication with the communication space S3. Therefore, when the piston valve body 32 contacts the second lid body 34, the second adsorption / desorption device upstream side circulation pipe 27 communicates with the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 through the communication space S3. In this way, the second evaporative refrigerant flow passage through which the refrigerant M vaporized in the evaporator 12 is circulated to the second adsorber / desorber 14 by the evaporator-side flow pipe 24 and the second adsorber / desorber upstream-side flow pipe 27. It is configured.

  A third check valve 25b is attached to the first adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 25, and a fourth check valve 27b is attached to the second adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe. Each check valve 25b, 27b allows the refrigerant M to flow from the cylinder portion 31 to the adsorption / desorption devices 13, 14. On the other hand, the check valves 25 b and 27 b prevent the reverse flow, that is, the inflow of the refrigerant M from the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 to the cylinder portion 31.

  Further, as described above, the reflux pipe 23 is connected between the condenser 11 and the evaporator 12. The reflux pipe 23 is a pipe for returning the refrigerant M condensed in the condenser 11 to the evaporator 12. In a state where the cycle of the adsorption refrigerator is operated, the refrigerant M condensed by the condenser 11 flows into the evaporator 12 through the reflux pipe 23. As shown in FIG. 3A and the like, in the adsorption refrigerator of this embodiment, a throttle valve 23b is attached in the middle of the reflux pipe 23 as means for circulating the refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator. However, other equivalent means may be provided. For example, instead of the throttle valve, a U-shaped pipe portion may be provided in a part of the reflux pipe, and a pressure difference may be maintained by utilizing a water level difference of the liquid retained in the U-shaped pipe portion (see FIG. 10). .

  Next, the operation of the adsorption refrigerator according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the cycle table shown in FIG.

  In this adsorption type refrigerator, heating and cooling are alternately repeated for the adsorbent A in the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14, whereby adsorption and desorption of the refrigerant M by the adsorbent A are alternately repeated. Thus, the cooling is continuously performed.

  When operating the adsorption refrigerator, first, the condensing cooling water Cw3 from the high-temperature heat source is circulated in the condenser 11 using the condensing water pipe 11a, and the evaporating water pipe 12a is used in the evaporator 12. Cold water Cw2 for evaporation from a low-temperature heat source is circulated (see FIG. 3A).

  And hot water Hw is distribute | circulated in one adsorption / desorption device, and cooling water Cw1 is distribute | circulated in the other adsorption / desorption device. Here, the hot water Hw is circulated in the first adsorption / desorption device 13 using the first adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a, and the cooling water Cw1 is supplied in the second adsorption / desorption device 14 using the second adsorption / desorption water tube 14a. The case where it is distributed will be described as an example.

  When the hot water Hw is circulated in the first adsorption / desorption device 13 and the cooling water Cw1 is circulated in the second adsorption / desorption device 14, the internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device 13 becomes the internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device 14. Higher than pressure. The piston valve body 32 receives the internal pressure of the corresponding adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 at the respective end surfaces 32a and 32b. The position of the piston valve body 32 is determined according to this pressure difference. Here, the piston valve body 32 is pushed by the higher pressure in the first adsorption / desorption device, which is higher pressure, so that the piston valve body 32 moves to a state where the second end face 32b is in contact with the second lid body 34 (first communication position) (FIG. 2A, see FIG. 3A).

  As described above, in the adsorption refrigerator of the present embodiment, the piston valve body 32 is in contact with any one of the lid bodies (herein, the second lid body 34) no matter where the piston valve body 32 is located. Can be moved to a state. Therefore, the position of the piston valve body 32 may be any position when the operation of the adsorption refrigerator is started.

In the state shown in FIG. 3A, the first adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 26 and the first condenser-side flow pipe 21 (first desorption refrigerant flow passage) communicate with each other via the first cylinder inner space S1. Moreover, the hot water Hw is distribute | circulated through the 1st adsorption / desorption machine 13, and the adsorption agent A is heated by the operating heat Q _de conveyed by the warm water Hw. When the adsorbent A is heated, the desorption of the refrigerant M adsorbed on the adsorbent A is promoted (desorption process). The desorbed refrigerant M flows into the condenser 11 through the first adsorption / desorption device downstream-side circulation pipe 26, the first cylinder space S1, and the first condenser-side circulation pipe 21. The refrigerant M flowing into the condenser 11 is cooled and condensed (condensed) by the cooling water Cw3 for condensation. The condensed refrigerant M is sent to the evaporator 12 through the reflux pipe 23. The heat Q _reject released from the refrigerant M when condensing is sent to the high-temperature heat source by the cooling water Cw3 for condensation, exhausted from the low-temperature heat source described later to the high-temperature heat source, or used as a heat source. .

In the state shown in FIG. 3A, the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 and the second adsorption / desorption device upstream-side circulation pipe 27 (second evaporated refrigerant flow passage) communicate with each other via the communication space S3. In the evaporator 12, cold water (evaporation water) Cw2 carrying the heat of the low-temperature heat source is circulated, and the refrigerant M is vaporized at the vaporization temperature by inputting heat Q _load from the evaporation cold water Cw2. The vaporized refrigerant M flows into the second adsorption / desorption device 14 through the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24, the communication space S3, and the second adsorption / desorption device upstream-side circulation pipe 27. The refrigerant M flowing into the second adsorption / desorption device 14 is adsorbed by the adsorbent A in the second adsorption / desorption device 14 (adsorption process). The adsorption temperature is an element that determines the adsorption concentration. The second desorption unit 14, the cooling water Cw1 are distributed, by discharging the heat Q _ad generated during adsorption to prevent a Atsushi Nobori of the adsorbent A, thereby to promote adsorption. Therefore, the adsorption action continues until the adsorption concentration of the refrigerant M in the adsorbent A reaches a high concentration.

  In this embodiment, this state, that is, the stroke A of the adsorption refrigerator is continued for about 440 seconds. In addition, the duration of each process including the process A can be determined as appropriate.

  When the process A is completed, switching (switching) of the distribution destinations of the hot water Hw and the cooling water Cw1 circulated through the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 is performed.

  That is, the cooling water Cw1 is circulated through the first adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a of the first adsorption / desorption device 13, and the hot water Hw is circulated through the second adsorption / desorption water pipe 14a of the second adsorption / desorption device 14 (see FIG. 3B). Then, the first adsorption / desorption device 13 is cooled and becomes in a state suitable for adsorption of the refrigerant M. On the other hand, the second adsorption / desorption device 14 is heated to be in a state suitable for desorption of the refrigerant M.

  Moreover, the 1st adsorption / desorption device 13 is cooled and the internal pressure becomes low. On the other hand, the second adsorption / desorption device 14 is heated, and its internal pressure increases. As a result, the pressure difference between the two internal pressures disappears, and when further progressed, the internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device 14 becomes higher than the internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device 13. In the process in which the internal pressure of each of the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 changes in this way, the piston valve body 32 moves from the position in contact with the second lid 34 to the first lid 33 side autonomously and normally slowly. To do. Thus, since the gradually changing pressure of the refrigerant M is used as the power of the piston valve body 32, the movement of the piston valve body is stabilized, and the stroke switching operation is stabilized. In particular, in the present embodiment, the piston valve body is moved using the pressure difference between the internal pressures, and the operation of the piston valve body 32 is further stabilized.

  Here, a period from when the piston valve body 32 is separated from the second lid 34 to when it comes into contact with the first lid 33 may be referred to as a transition period or a transition mode. In the opposite case, that is, the period from when the first lid 33 is left until it contacts the second lid 34 is also the transition period. In the present embodiment, check valves are provided in the pipes 21 to 28, and the refrigerant M is reliably prevented from flowing back during the transition period.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, when the piston valve body 32 moves from the second lid body 34 to the first lid body 33 and reaches the intermediate position, the first adsorption / desorption communicated with the first cylinder inner space S1. The pressure of the refrigerant M in the condenser 13 is lower than the pressure at which the refrigerant M can pass through the check valve 21 b, and the refrigerant M does not flow from the first adsorption / desorption device 13 to the condenser 11. In addition, the second adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 27 is not communicated with the communication space S3, and the refrigerant M does not flow between the evaporator 12 and the second adsorption / desorption device 14. Thus, the piston valve body 32 functions as a valve by moving autonomously, and ensures a state in which the refrigerant M does not flow.

  Similarly, the state shown in FIG. 3B is a state in which the refrigerant M does not flow between the condenser 11 and the second adsorption / desorption device 14 or between the evaporator 12 and the first adsorption / desorption device 13. That is, the piston valve body 32 moves to a position (non-communication position) where the refrigerant M does not flow between the heat exchangers 11 to 14.

  The state shown in FIG. 3B is a process performed when the adsorption process and the desorption process in each of the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 are switched, and can be referred to as a switching process or a preparation process. When this preparatory step B is performed, the first adsorption / desorption device 13 is cooled to be in a state suitable for the adsorption of the refrigerant M, and the second adsorption / desorption device 14 is heated to be in a state suitable for the desorption of the refrigerant M. Become. In this embodiment, this preparation process B is continued for about 20 seconds. In the preparation step B, a preheating (or precooling) period in which the amount of hot water Hw or cooling water Cw1 to be circulated through each adsorption / desorption device may be provided. By providing such a period, the duration of the preparation process B can be adjusted.

  When the elapsed time of the preparation step B has elapsed, as shown in FIG. 3C, the piston valve body 32 further moves toward the first lid body 33, and the first end face 32a of the piston valve body 32 is moved to the first position. It will be in the state (2nd communication position) which touches 1 lid 33. In this state, the second condenser side flow pipe 22 communicates with the second cylinder inner space S2, and the first adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 25 communicates with the first cylinder inner space S1. Moreover, the pressure in the 2nd adsorption / desorption device 14 will rise, and it will be in the state which can distribute | circulate the refrigerant | coolant M to the condenser 11 side through the 2nd non-return valve 22b. Thus, the piston valve body 32 functions as a valve by moving autonomously, and ensures a state where the refrigerant M flows again.

In the state shown in FIG. 3C, the second adsorption / desorption device downstream-side circulation pipe 28 and the second condenser-side circulation pipe 22 (second desorption refrigerant flow passage) communicate with each other via the second cylinder inner space S2. Moreover, the warm water Hw is distribute | circulated through the 2nd adsorption / desorption device 14, and the adsorbent A is heated by the operating heat Q _de conveyed by the warm water Hw. When the adsorbent A is heated, the desorption of the refrigerant M adsorbed on the adsorbent A is promoted (desorption process). The desorbed refrigerant M flows into the condenser 11 through the second adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipe 28, the second cylinder space S2, and the second condenser-side flow pipe 22. The refrigerant M flowing into the condenser 11 is cooled and condensed (condensed) by the cooling water Cw3 for condensation. The condensed refrigerant M is sent to the evaporator 12 through the reflux pipe 23.

In the state shown in FIG. 3C, the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24 and the first adsorption / desorption device upstream-side circulation pipe 25 (first evaporation refrigerant flow passage) communicate with each other via the communication space S3. Cold water (evaporation water) Cw2 carrying the heat of the low-temperature heat source is circulated in the evaporator 12, and the refrigerant M is vaporized at the vaporization temperature by the heat Q _load from the cold water Cw2. The vaporized refrigerant M flows into the first adsorption / desorption device 13 through the evaporator-side circulation pipe 24, the communication space S3, and the first adsorption / desorption device upstream-side circulation pipe 25. The refrigerant M flowing into the first adsorption / desorption device 13 is adsorbed by the adsorbent A in the first adsorption / desorption device 13 (adsorption process). The cooling water Cw1 is circulated through the first adsorption / desorption device 13, and the temperature rise of the adsorbent A due to heat generation during adsorption is prevented, thereby promoting adsorption. Therefore, the adsorption action continues until the adsorption concentration of the refrigerant M in the adsorbent A reaches a high concentration.

  In this embodiment, this state, that is, the stroke C of the adsorption refrigerator is continued for about 440 seconds as in the stroke A.

  When the process C is completed, the distribution destinations of the hot water Hw and the cooling water Cw1 flowing through the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 are switched.

  That is, the cooling water Cw1 is circulated through the second adsorption / desorption water tube 14a of the second adsorption / desorption device 14, and the hot water Hw is circulated through the first adsorption / desorption water tube 13a of the first adsorption / desorption device 13. Then, the 1st adsorption / desorption device 13 will be heated, and will be in the state suitable for desorption of the refrigerant | coolant M. FIG. On the other hand, the second adsorption / desorption device 14 is cooled and becomes in a state suitable for adsorption of the refrigerant M.

  Moreover, the 1st adsorption / desorption device 13 is heated, The internal pressure becomes high. On the other hand, the second adsorber / desorber 14 is cooled, and its internal pressure becomes lower. As a result, the pressure difference between the two internal pressures disappears, and when further progressed, the internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device 13 becomes higher than the internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device 14. In the process in which the internal pressure of each of the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 changes in this way, the piston valve body 32 moves from the position in contact with the first lid body 33 to the second lid body 34 side.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, in the state where the piston valve body 32 is located at the intermediate position in the cylinder portion, the pressure of the refrigerant M in the second adsorption / desorption device 14 communicating with the second cylinder inner space S2 is the second. The pressure is lower than the pressure that can pass through the check valve 22 b, and the refrigerant M does not flow from the second adsorption / desorption device 14 to the condenser 11. In addition, the first adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 25 is not in communication with the first cylinder space S1, and the refrigerant M does not flow between the evaporator 12 and the first adsorption / desorption device 13. Thus, the piston valve body 32 functions as a valve by moving autonomously, and ensures a state in which the refrigerant M does not flow.

  Similarly, the state shown in FIG. 3B is a state in which the refrigerant M does not flow between the condenser 11 and the first adsorption / desorption device 13 or between the evaporator 12 and the second adsorption / desorption device 14. . That is, the piston valve body 32 moves to a position (non-communication position) where the refrigerant M does not flow between the heat exchangers (preparation step D).

  By performing the preparation step D, the first adsorption / desorption device 13 is heated to be in a state suitable for desorption of the refrigerant M, and the second adsorption / desorption device 14 is cooled to be in a state suitable for adsorption of the refrigerant M. Become. In this embodiment, this preparation process D is continued for about 20 seconds.

  When the elapsed time of the preparation process D elapses, as shown in FIG. 3A, the piston valve body 32 further moves to the second lid body 34 side, and the second end face 32b of the piston valve body 32 is in the second position. The state returns to the state in contact with the lid 34, that is, the state of the stroke A. Moreover, the pressure in the 1st adsorption / desorption device 13 will rise, and it will be in the state which can distribute | circulate the refrigerant | coolant M to the condenser 11 side through the 1st non-return valve 21b. Thus, the piston valve body 32 functions as a valve by moving autonomously, and ensures a state in which the refrigerant M flows.

  Thereafter, the process A to the process D described so far are repeated, and the adsorption type refrigerator is continuously operated.

  As described above, according to the adsorption refrigerator of the present embodiment, at the end of the stroke A and the stroke C, the distribution destinations of the hot water Hw and the cooling water Cw1 flowing into the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 are switched. Then, the piston valve body 32 of the spool valve 30 moves autonomously, and the configuration of the entire adsorption chiller is changed to a configuration suitable for the next stroke. Therefore, the adsorption refrigerator of this embodiment can be easily operated.

  Further, as described above, the position of the piston valve body 32 in the strokes B and D (non-communication position, see FIG. 2B) is the position in the stroke A (first communication position, see FIG. 2A) and the position in the stroke D (first 2 communication position, see FIG. 2C). Therefore, when the piston valve body 32 moves between the first communication position and the second communication position, the piston valve body 32 automatically moves from one communication position to the other communication position through the non-communication position. Become. Therefore, when the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 are switched between the stroke A and the stroke C, the preparation steps B and D can be automatically performed.

  Further, according to the adsorption refrigerator of this embodiment, there is no need to install a valve for setting a flow path in the flow path of the refrigerant M. Also, a control device for controlling opening and closing of the valve is not necessary. Thus, the adsorption refrigerator of this embodiment has a simple structure and can be manufactured at an extremely low cost.

  Note that when considering the combination of the adsorbent A and the refrigerant M used in the adsorption refrigerator, in particular, both the maximum adsorption capacity and the ratio of adsorption and desorption are considered. Examples of the combination of the adsorbent A and the refrigerant M include silica gel / water and zeolite / water.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the equilibrium adsorption amount of the combination of AC1500 and n-butane is about 0.96 kg / kg (at 25 ° C.) and 0.65 kg / kg (at 50 ° C.) It was larger than the equilibrium adsorption amount (0.4 kg / kg) of the combination of water and the equilibrium adsorption amount (0.45 kg / kg) of the combination of AC1500 and ethanol. Similarly, when comparing the adsorption capacity in the pressure range of 0.1 to 0.6, the combination of AC1500 and n-butane is more suitable for operation of the adsorption refrigeration machine than the other combinations. all right. In addition, the adsorption capacity of AC1500 and n-butane is 0.38 kg / kg to 0.8 kg / kg and 0.3 kg / kg to 0.61 kg / kg for the adsorption temperatures of 25 ° C. and 50 ° C., respectively. I understand. Thus, the combination of AC1500 and n-butane can provide a higher cooling effect.

Similarly, the combination of AC3100 and n-butane was also examined. As shown in FIG. 8, the equilibrium adsorption amount of the combination of AC3100 and n-butane is about 0.79 kg / kg (at 25 ° C., 250 kPa) and 0.68 kg / kg (at 50 ° C., 320 kPa). Yes, it was larger than the equilibrium adsorption amount (0.4 kg / kg) of the combination of silica gel and water and the equilibrium adsorption amount (0.45 kg / kg) of the combination of AC1500 and ethanol. Similarly, when the adsorption capacity is compared in the pressure range of 0.1 (about 30 kPa) to 0.6 (about 180 kPa), the combination of AC3100 and n-butane has a higher cooling effect than the other combinations. It is obtained and is suitable for operation of an adsorption refrigeration machine. Here, the adsorbent referred to as AC3100 is powdered activated carbon (MSC-30, manufactured by Kansai Thermal Chemical Co., Ltd.), and as a result of measurement, the specific surface area was about 3140 m ² / g.

  In addition, another thing to be noted in the adsorption isotherms shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is that the adsorption isotherm in the combination of AC1500 and n-butane or the combination of AC3100 and n-butane is the IUPAC isotherm. It can be classified as type 1. That is, the isotherm rises rapidly at a low relative pressure and is concave with respect to the relative pressure axis. In addition, the adsorption amount approaches the limit value as the relative pressure approaches 1.

  As described above, the adsorption refrigerator of the present embodiment is a pressure bed adsorption refrigerator, and can use low-temperature (generally 100 ° C. or lower) waste heat or a renewable energy source. Thus, it is possible to operate effectively and efficiently. As a result, power consumption can be greatly reduced. Moreover, if a naturally-derived refrigerant (n-butane) is used, it is excellent in adaptability to the environment. Moreover, since the adsorption type refrigerator of this embodiment is modular, it can play an important role in demand side management. That is, assembly and maintenance are easy. The movement of the piston valve body 32 of the spool valve 30 is adjusted only by the pressure difference generated inside the corresponding adsorption / desorption device 13 when the heat source is supplied. Therefore, the movement of the piston valve body 32 operates simultaneously with the batch operation of the cycle of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus. That is, the piston valve body 32 moves autonomously without power and operates simultaneously (synchronously) with the corresponding adsorption / desorption device. In addition, since all the gas valves and related controllers used in the conventional adsorption refrigerator can be removed, the initial cost of the adsorption refrigerator can be reduced. If the single-stage spool valve 30 used in the present embodiment is used, all the gas valves (111 to 114 in FIG. 1) used conventionally can be removed, and the physical dimensions of the adsorption refrigerator ( This also contributes to the reduction of the installation area).

  Since the adsorption isotherm in the combination of AC1500 and n-butane or in the combination of AC3100 and n-butane is extremely excellent, the adsorption refrigerator of this embodiment using this operates with high efficiency. Moreover, in the adsorption system using a combination of silica gel and water, the pressure difference between the internal pressure of the adsorption / desorption device in the adsorption mode and the internal pressure of the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 in the desorption mode is 3 kPa to 5 kPa. The pressure difference between the adsorption and desorption modes in the form is about 300 kPa to 350 kPa. If a higher pressure difference is secured between the adsorption and desorption modes, the system performance can be improved, and a more excellent adsorption refrigerator can be provided. Moreover, the system pressure of the adsorption refrigerator of this embodiment is about 1 bar to 4.5 bar. In a conventional adsorption refrigerator that uses other power, it is necessary to maintain a quasi-atmospheric pressure, which may increase the size of the apparatus. For example, an air valve is used. In this respect, according to the adsorption refrigerator of the present embodiment, such a need is eliminated and the apparatus contributes to the reduction in size and weight of the apparatus. Moreover, since the structure of the apparatus is simple, almost no maintenance is required. Furthermore, if a single-stage spool valve is used, all the gas valves that have been conventionally required can be removed, so that the adsorption refrigeration machine and its plant can be made compact. For example, adsorption-desalting It can be employed in a plant or the like. The single-stage spool valve can be applied to any kind of multi-bed type adsorption system, and by applying this, all gas valves that have been conventionally required can be removed.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change can be made in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention. In other words, the drawings are for illustrating specific embodiments and are not for defining the scope of the present invention.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C, a plurality of adsorption / desorption devices 13A, 13B, 14A, and 14B may be connected to the respective adsorption / desorption device downstream-side flow pipes 26 and 28. According to the present invention, the adsorption / desorption device can be used in an adsorption refrigerator simply by increasing / decreasing the number of adsorption / desorption devices connected to the corresponding adsorption / desorption device downstream flow tubes 26, 28 and the adsorption / desorption device upstream flow tubes 25, 27. The number of adsorption / desorption devices can be increased or decreased. Therefore, the capacity and size of the refrigerator can be easily adjusted. Since the operation of the refrigerator is the same as that of the adsorption type refrigerator described above, common components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Further, since the operation of the adsorption refrigerator is the same, the description thereof is omitted. The same applies to the adsorption refrigerator described below.

  As shown in FIG. 10, when the piston valve body 32 moves to an intermediate position (non-communication position) in the movement stroke of the cylinder portion 31, the openings 21 a, 22 a, 25 a, and 27 a are blocked by the piston valve body 32. As a result, the flow pipes 21, 22, 25, 27 are not in communication with the corresponding cylinder space S1, S2, S3, and the refrigerant between each of the adsorption / desorption devices 13, 14 and the condenser 11 or the evaporator 12 is obtained. A configuration may be adopted in which M no longer circulates. In this case, the opening 21a on the other end side of the first condenser-side flow pipe 21 is closed by the piston valve body 32 so that the piston valve body 32 is located at an intermediate position and the communication with the first cylinder inner space S1 is blocked. It is formed at the position. In addition, the opening 22a on the other end side of the second condenser side flow pipe 22 is closed by the piston valve body 32 in the state where the piston valve body 32 is located at the intermediate position. Formed in position.

  With such a configuration, the refrigerant flow state (open / closed state) in all the refrigerant flow passages can be determined by the position of the piston valve body 32, and the refrigerant flow state can be determined without using a check valve. Here, only the state of the spool valve in the stroke B and the stroke D is shown in FIG. Since the states in the stroke A and the stroke D are the same as the spool valve state of the adsorption refrigeration machine of the above embodiment, they are omitted here.

  In the first embodiment, the first to fourth check valves 21b, 22b, 25b, and 27b are provided in the corresponding flow pipes 21, 22, 25, and 27 to prevent the refrigerant M from backflowing or at a certain pressure or higher. However, if the piston valve body 32 as shown in FIG. 10 is used, a predetermined flow can be achieved without providing the check valve. It is possible to operate the cycle by circulating the refrigerant M. Therefore, the check valve may be provided as necessary.

  In the adsorption refrigerator of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, as shown in FIG. 11, the reflux pipe 23 is provided with a U-shaped pipe portion 23c instead of the throttle valve 23b. When the U-shaped tube portion 23c is provided, the liquid refrigerant M stays here, so that the pressure difference can be maintained by utilizing the water level difference of the staying liquid. The adsorption refrigerator shown in FIG. 10 and the adsorption refrigerator of the first embodiment have the same structure, and the adsorption refrigerator of the first embodiment also has a U as in the adsorption refrigerator shown in FIG. A tube section can be applied.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the switch 35 used for switching (switching) the distribution destination of the hot water Hw and the cooling water Cw1 flowing through the adsorption / desorption devices 13 and 14 is shown. The switch 35 is connected to the water supply pipes for the hot water Hw and the cooling water Cw1, and is connected to the upstream side of the first adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a and the second adsorption / desorption water pipe 14a. The switching unit supplies the hot water Hw to one water pipe and supplies the cooling water Cw1 to the other water pipe, and supplies the cooling water Cw1 to one water pipe. At the same time, it can be switched to a second switching position for supplying the hot water Hw to the other water pipe.

  As shown in FIG. 11, when the switching device 35 is moved to the left and is positioned at the first switching position, the hot water Hw is circulated through the first adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a of the first adsorption / desorption device 13 and the second When the cooling water Cw1 is circulated through the second adsorption / desorption water pipe 14a of the adsorption / desorption device 14 and the switch 35 is moved to the right side and is positioned at the second switching position, the cooling water Cw1 is supplied to the first adsorption / desorption water pipe 13a. While being distributed, the hot water Hw is distributed to the second adsorption / desorption water pipe 14a. Specifically, switching of the switch is performed at the end of the stroke A and at the end of the stroke C. Although the switching device is not shown in the first embodiment, the adsorption refrigerator of the above embodiment also switches the supply destination of the hot water Hw and the cooling water Cw1 by the switching device as shown in FIG. Has been done.

  In the adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention, an expensive valve such as an electromagnetic control valve is unnecessary, and its control device is also unnecessary, so the device configuration is extremely simple, and the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced. Easy to manufacture. Since the structure is simple, the area required for installing the adsorption refrigerator and the size of the adsorption refrigerator can be reduced, and the initial cost can be reduced. Moreover, the adsorption type refrigerator according to the present invention is extremely useful because of its excellent durability.

It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the basic principle of an adsorption-type refrigerator. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the spool valve in the process A of the adsorption type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the spool valve in process B, D of the adsorption | suction type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the spool valve in the process C of the adsorption type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows typically the state in the process A of the adsorption-type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows typically the state in process B and D of the adsorption | suction type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows typically the state in the process C of the adsorption type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is a perspective view for description which shows the shape of the spool valve used with the adsorption type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the spool valve used with the adsorption type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is a stroke table which shows an example of the cycle at the time of operating an adsorption type refrigerator. It is an adsorption isotherm in case an adsorbent and a refrigerant are the combination of AC1500 / n-butane. It is an adsorption isotherm in case an adsorbent and a refrigerant are the combination of AC3100 / n-butane. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the spool valve in the process A of the adsorption type refrigerator of another embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the spool valve in process B, D of the adsorption type refrigerator of another embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the spool valve in the process C of the adsorption type refrigerator of another embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state of the spool valve in process B, D of the adsorption | suction type refrigerator of this embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows typically the state in process B and D of the adsorption-type refrigerator of another embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Condenser 12 Evaporator 13 1st adsorption / desorption device 14 2nd adsorption / desorption device 21 1st condenser side distribution pipe 22 2nd condenser side distribution pipe 23 Reflux pipe 24 Evaporator side distribution pipe 25 1st adsorption / desorption apparatus upstream Side flow pipe 26 First adsorption / desorption device downstream flow pipe 27 Second adsorption / desorption device upstream flow pipe 28 Second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow pipe 30 Spool valve 31 Cylinder portion 32 Piston valve body 33 First lid 34 First 2 Lid A Adsorbent M Working refrigerant S1 First cylinder space S2 Second cylinder space S3 Communication space

Claims (4)

The first adsorption / desorption device in which the working refrigerant is adsorbed or desorbed, the condenser for condensing the working refrigerant, the evaporator for evaporating the working refrigerant, and the adsorption or desorption performed in the first adsorption / desorption device are reversed. An adsorption refrigeration machine that operates by circulating a working refrigerant,
A first desorption refrigerant flow passage for flowing the working refrigerant from the first adsorption / desorption device to the condenser; and a second desorption refrigerant flow passage for flowing the working refrigerant from the second adsorption / desorption device to the condenser. A first evaporative refrigerant flow passage for flowing the working refrigerant from the evaporator to the first adsorption / desorption device, and a second evaporating refrigerant for flowing the working refrigerant from the evaporator to the second adsorption / desorption device A flow path and a reflux path for flowing working refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator,
A valve provided with a cylinder portion having a piston valve body that slides due to a pressure difference between an internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device and an internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device;
The piston valve body has the first desorbed refrigerant flow passage in a communicating state, the second desorbing refrigerant flow passage in a non-communication state, and the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage in a non-communication state. A first communication position that brings the flow passage into a communication state, a communication state between the first desorption refrigerant flow passage, a communication state between the first desorption refrigerant flow passage, and a communication state between the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage. The second evaporative refrigerant flow passage can be moved by sliding to a second communication position that makes the second evaporative refrigerant flow passage out of communication, and automatically moves to these positions in accordance with the pressure difference. Type refrigerator.   The piston valve body is slidably movable to a non-communication position where both the desorption refrigerant flow passage and the both evaporative refrigerant flow passages are in a non-communication state, and automatically moves to the position according to the pressure difference. The adsorption refrigeration machine according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption refrigeration machine moves in a moving manner. The first desorption refrigerant flow passage is connected to the first adsorption / desorption device downstream flow passage connected to the first adsorption / desorption device and the cylinder portion, and to the first portion connected to the cylinder portion and the condenser. It consists of a condenser side flow passage,
The second desorption refrigerant flow passage includes a second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow passage connected to the second adsorption / desorption device and the cylinder portion, and a second condensation connected to the cylinder portion and the condenser. Consisting of a vessel side flow passage,
The piston valve body includes an internal pressure of the first adsorption / desorption device transmitted by the first adsorption / desorption air downstream flow passage and an internal pressure of the second adsorption / desorption device transmitted by the second adsorption / desorption device downstream flow passage. The adsorption refrigeration machine according to claim 1 or 2, which moves in accordance with a pressure difference.   The first desorbing refrigerant flow path includes a check valve that prevents the working refrigerant from flowing from the condenser to the first adsorption / desorption apparatus, and the second desorbing refrigerant flow path is connected to the second from the condenser. A check valve that prevents the working refrigerant from flowing into the adsorption / desorption device, and the first evaporative refrigerant flow passage includes a check valve that blocks the working refrigerant from flowing into the evaporator from the first adsorption / desorption device. The said 2nd evaporative refrigerant | coolant flow path is equipped with the non-return valve which blocks | prevents the inflow of the working refrigerant | coolant from the said 2nd adsorption / desorption device to the said evaporator. The adsorption-type refrigerator as described.

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