JP4619272B2 - Joinery core material and joinery provided with this joinery core material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a joinery core material constituting a skeleton structure of a joinery and a joinery using the joinery core material.

Conventionally, wood materials used as a core material for joinery include lumber, laminated lumber, single-ply laminate, particle board, fiberboard, etc., which are cut into a predetermined cross section and length, and framed into a panel shape. By doing so, it is known to be used as a joinery core material.
However, when lumber is used for the core material of joinery, there is a problem that warping and bending of the lumber will cause warping and bending of the joinery due to long-term use. Moreover, when a single plate laminated material or a plywood is used as a core material of a joinery, there is a problem that the joinery warps and bends depending on the type of the single plate to be constructed and the lamination method. In addition, when particle boards or fiberboards are used as the core material of joinery, the joint strength of screws (such as screws and nails) is low. There is a problem of tilting.

On the other hand, wood waste, such as scraps generated at factories and home construction sites, waste pallet materials discarded after transportation of components, and demolition waste generated at the time of building demolition, is reused. A wood-based structural material has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
However, although this wood-based structural material is preferable from the viewpoint of effective use of waste materials, there is a problem that it is difficult to express desired dimensions and strength depending on the material and shape of the wood material piece and the setting conditions in the manufacturing process. .
JP 2001-341110 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is made of an environmentally-friendly wood-based structural material, which has less dimensional changes such as warping and bending, and is a connecting tool. An object of the present invention is to provide a joinery core material excellent in bonding strength (such as screws and nails) and a joinery provided with the joinery core material.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, a joinery core material according to the invention of claim 1 is a joinery core material constituting a skeleton structure of a joinery,
The frame structure of the joinery is formed by assembling a plurality of square members arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction into a frame shape by joining using a joining tool,
The plurality of square members each have a weight ratio of 70% or more, a density of 0.3 to 0.6 g / cm ³ , a thickness of 1 to 11 mm, and a length of 20 to 150 mm. The wood material pieces are stacked in a state in which the lengths of the wood material pieces are oriented in substantially the same direction, heated and pressurized in the stacking direction, and the wood material pieces including the binder for bonding the wood material pieces together. It is a composite material having a density of 0.6 g / cm ³ or more obtained by compressing and bonding pieces together ,
The plurality of square bars are arranged such that a direction perpendicular to an orientation direction and a compression direction of the wood material pieces is a thickness direction of the skeleton structure of the joinery .

In the invention of 請 Motomeko 1, wherein the porosity of the core material constituting the fitting core material is preferably 10% or less.

A fitting according to a second aspect of the invention, the thickness direction on both sides of the joinery core material according to claim 1 Symbol placement so as to sandwich the joinery core, is characterized in that the decorative surface member is disposed .

  Here, the conifers that become the woody material pieces mainly include cedar, cypress, pine, spruce, fur, pine, etc., and the hardwoods include lawan, apton, poplar, aspen, hippopotamus, chamelere, etc. .

  The raw material of the wood material piece may be natural wood or waste wood. The waste wood is not particularly limited. For example, the above-mentioned logs of logs, raw materials such as thinned wood, scraps generated at factories and residential construction sites, waste pallet materials discarded after transportation of members, and generated at the time of building demolition Examples include demolished wood.

  Moreover, the crushing method which makes the said raw material a wooden material piece has preferable the crushing by a hammer mill crusher. This is because the piece of wood material produced by this crusher has a spindle shape with a length of 20 mm to 150 mm, and is easily strong.

The wood material piece needs to have a weight ratio of 70% or more in a range of density 0.3 to 0.6 g / cm ³ , thickness 1 to 11 mm, and length 20 to 150 mm.

This is because if the density of the wood material pieces is less than 0.3 g / cm ³ , the wood is often decayed and sufficient strength cannot be obtained. Moreover, it is because the compaction process at the time of shaping | molding cannot fully be performed but desired intensity | strength cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the density of the wood material piece exceeds 0.6 g / cm ³ , the wood material piece is hard, and it is difficult to form the desired strength.

  When the thickness of the wood material piece is less than 1 mm, the thickness is too thin to exhibit strength, and when the thickness of the wood material piece exceeds 11 mm, the wood quality in the thickness direction of the material to be produced This is because the number of stacked material pieces is reduced, the stress cannot be transmitted sufficiently, the stress concentration tends to occur at the joints of the wooden pieces, and the desired strength cannot be obtained.

  When the length of the wood material piece is less than 20 mm, the strength in the length direction and the thickness direction of the molded joinery core material becomes insufficient, and when using a piece exceeding 150 mm, when the wood material pieces are laminated, This is because there are many gaps between the wood material pieces, and sufficient consolidation cannot be achieved. In addition, since the length of the wood material piece is not a thing that can be completely separated, it is 70% or more by weight ratio, and preferably 80% or more contains the wood material piece of the above length. The effect is demonstrated.

  Further, the ratio of the length of the wood material piece to the thickness is not particularly limited, but the length is preferably 10 times or more of the thickness. In other words, the thickness is preferably 1 mm to 11 mm. This is because if the length is less than 10 times the thickness, the strength in the length direction and the thickness direction of the joinery core material may be insufficient.

The binder used in the present invention is a wood used for a thermosetting resin such as phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, isocyanate resin, vinyl acetate resin, plywood or particle board such as thermoplastic resin. An industrial adhesive is mentioned.
Further, as an adhesive obtained by purification, extraction, denaturation, etc. from natural product components or natural products, specifically, protein adhesives such as gelatin, casein glue, soybean glue, glue, albumin, starch, dextrin, Examples include starch adhesives such as rice paste and glucomannan, animal adhesives such as chitin and chitosan, cellulose adhesives, lignin adhesives, and tannin adhesives. These adhesives may be used alone or in combination. In particular, a tannin-based adhesive is preferable because it is an extracted component from natural wood, has good affinity with a piece of wood material, has moderate tackiness, and further becomes high strength when cured. Tannin-based adhesives may be used by tannin alone and cured by heating, but in applications where durability is required, aldehyde-based compounds, isocyanate-based compounds, epoxy and other crosslinking agents are used in combination. It is preferable. The tree species from which the tannin-based adhesive is extracted is not particularly limited, but those extracted from radiata pine, black wattle, mimosa, quebracho, and chestnut are preferred. When the tannin extracted from wood is solid, it can be used by dissolving or dispersing in water or an organic solvent as necessary.
The binder may be in the form of liquid or powder, but is adhered to the wood material piece in a sprayed or mixed state.

  As a method of stacking in a state where the wood material pieces are oriented so as to face almost one direction, for example, a plurality of plate-like bodies are erected in parallel along the conveyance direction on a belt conveyor, A method of dropping and orienting a wooden material piece from above, a method of arranging a rod-like body in the width direction to form an uneven groove shape, and arranging the wooden material piece by flowing in the groove, a known disk orienter, etc. It is possible to use a method in which the aligning means is disposed above the forming mold and thrown in while aligning with the aligning means.

Although it does not specifically limit as a press machine, For example, the thing which operate | moved the existing daylight press machine for woody material shaping | molding and a continuous press machine to the orthogonal | vertical direction can be used.
The heating method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of transferring heat from the surface of a wooden material piece by a transmission like a hot platen and a method of directly heating the inside such as steam injection or high frequency heating. It is done. Heating and pressurization may be performed simultaneously, may be performed after pressurization, or may be performed after heating.

  Furthermore, after press molding, it is preferable to perform cutting and sanding in order to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface properties of the obtained square.

The joinery core made of the above wood material piece needs to have a density of 0.6 g / cm ³ or more. This is because if the density is less than 0.6 g / cm ³ , sufficient bonding between the wood material pieces cannot be obtained, and there is a possibility that sufficient strength cannot be obtained when used as a member that requires strength.

  The porosity is preferably 10% or less. That is, when the porosity exceeds 10%, the bonding between the wood material pieces becomes insufficient, and there is a possibility that sufficient strength may not be exhibited.

Invention to such fittings the core material according to claim 1, by pressurized compaction in a direction stacking wood piece of material is oriented in one direction, wood material pieces become flat collapse in the compression direction, also wooden materials The gap between the pieces is reduced. As a result, the proportion of the joining tool biting into the wooden material piece is increased and it is difficult to come out, so that the joining tool can be firmly fixed. Furthermore, since the wood material pieces are oriented in one direction and consolidated, the density distribution of the joinery core material is small. For this reason, it is possible to suppress warping and bending dimensional changes due to temperature changes and humidity changes.

Further, a fitting according to the invention of claim 2, in which the decorative surface material so as to sandwich the joinery core in the thickness direction on both sides of the joinery core material according to claim 1, wherein is located, joinery due to temperature change and humidity change Since the dimensional change of the core material is small, the decorative face material can be firmly fixed, the wave of the joinery can be reduced, and stable quality can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the joinery core material 1 of the present embodiment includes a core material 3 formed by compressing and bonding a material including a wood material piece 2 and a binder.
The wood material piece 2 has a weight ratio of 70% or more in a range of density 0.3 to 0.6 g / cm ³ , thickness 1 to 11 mm, and length 20 to 150 mm.
The core material 3 is made of a material containing a number of wood material pieces 2 in the above-described range and an isocyanate-based resin for bonding the wood material pieces to each other in the longitudinal direction of the wood material piece 2. Are stacked in a state in which they are oriented in substantially the same direction, heated and pressed in the stacking direction to compress and bond the wooden material pieces to each other, and a composite material obtained by compressing and bonding the wooden material pieces is perpendicular to the orientation direction and the compression direction of the wooden material pieces. It can be obtained by molding so that the direction is the thickness direction. The core material 3 has a porosity of 10% or less and a density of 0.6 g / cm ³ or more.

  In FIG. 1, the X direction is substantially the same as the orientation direction of the wood material piece 2. That is, the wood material pieces 2 are oriented with the fiber direction α as the orientation direction, and the average of the absolute values of the angles formed by the fiber direction α and the length direction of the core material 3 is within 15 degrees. Further, the Z direction is the compression direction of the stacked wooden material pieces 2, and the stacked wooden material pieces 2 are compressed in the Z direction to have a cross-sectional area of 70% or less, so that both the X direction and the Z direction are It is crushed so that it may become flat in the Y direction perpendicular to.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the joinery core material 1 of the present embodiment is formed by arranging a plurality of core materials 3 having a predetermined shape in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and joining the ends together to form a frame. Has been. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of upper and lower short side members 4 and 4 that support the vertical ends of the joinery, and a pair of left and right long side members 5 and 5 that support the horizontal ends of the joinery, Reinforcing members 6a, 6b, and 6c arranged in parallel with the long side members 5 and 5 and the long side members 5 and 5 and the horizontal central portion are arranged at predetermined intervals between the upper and lower short side members 4 and 4. The reinforcing pieces 7 are arranged along the reinforcing member 6b. 2 and 3, each member is arranged with the Y direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Z direction as the thickness direction, and is joined by driving a tucker 8 in the Y direction. ing.

  Next, a joinery 9 using the joinery core 1 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the joinery material 10 is attached to the joinery 9 so as to sandwich the joinery core material from both sides in the thickness direction of the joinery core material 1. In addition, the end surfaces of the joinery core material are exposed on both end surfaces in the vertical direction of the joinery core material 1, that is, the outer side surfaces 41 of the short side members, and on both end surfaces in the horizontal direction of the joinery core material 1, that is, the outer side surfaces 51 of the long side members. And the decorative sheet piece 11 is stuck so that the beauty | look may not be spoiled. The fitting 9 has a pair of hinges 12 screwed to one end in the width direction thereof, and is attached to a frame column of an entrance / exit that is not shown. In addition, since the vertical direction both end surfaces of the joinery core material 1 are not visible even if the end face of the joinery core material 1 is exposed, even if the decorative sheet piece 11 is not attached to the outer side surface 41 of the short side member. I do not care. Moreover, as a face material which covers the end surface of a joinery core material, it is not restricted to the decorative sheet piece 11, For example, thin plate pieces, such as a protrusion board, may be sufficient.

As described in detail above, according to the joinery core material 1 of the present embodiment, the wood material piece 2 is crushed in the compression direction by pressing the wood material pieces oriented in one direction in the stacking direction to be consolidated. becomes flat Te, also the gap between the wooden material piece 2 is reduced. As a result, since it becomes difficult to come off when the joining tool enters , the joining tool can be firmly fixed. Furthermore, since the wood material piece 2 is oriented in one direction and consolidated, the density distribution of the joinery core material 1 is small. For this reason, it is possible to suppress warping and bending dimensional changes due to temperature changes and humidity changes. Moreover, since the porosity of the core material 3 is 10% or less, the bonding force between the wood material pieces is strong, and sufficient strength can be expressed.

  Further, according to the joinery 9 using the joinery core material 1, since the dimensional change in the thickness direction of the joinery core material 1 due to temperature change or humidity change is small, the decorative face material 10 can be firmly fixed, and the joinery Stable quality can be obtained.

(Example)
Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be described with reference to the drawings. The joinery according to the example basically has the same configuration as that of the above embodiment. The joinery core 1 has a vertical length of 2074 mm and a horizontal length of 767 mm. The short-side members 4 and 4 constituting the joinery core 1 have a compression direction length of 28 mm and a thickness direction length of 27 mm, and the orientation direction of the wood material piece is the length direction, and the length is 767 mm. is there. The long side members 5 and 5 and the reinforcing members 6a, 6b, and 6c have a compression direction length of 28 mm and a thickness direction length of 27 mm, and the length thereof is 1993 mm, similarly to the short side members 4 and 4. . Similarly to the joinery core material 1, the decorative face material 10 has a vertical length of 2074 mm, a horizontal length of 767 mm, and a thickness of 3.0 mm. A decorative sheet piece having a width of 33 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm is attached to the four surroundings of the joinery core 1. In addition, the joinery concerning a comparative example used the single board laminated material for the joinery core material.

  An environmental test was conducted using the joinery according to the present example and a joinery using a single-plate laminated material as a comparative example as a core.

(Test method)
1) Attaching the test body As shown in FIG. 5, the test body P is attached to the center of the two-chamber constant temperature and humidity chamber by the standard construction method. When the test body P closes the door, the side on which the door surface is visible is the high humidity side (B room side).
2) Temperature / humidity conditions As shown in FIG. 6, both the A and B room sides are kept at a constant condition at 20 ° C. and 50% for about 24 hours.
Thereafter, room A is maintained at 20 ° C. and 50%. In the room B, 3 cycles are repeated with a total of 24 hours of 20 ° C. 90% for 8 hours and 20 ° C. 50% for 16 hours as one cycle.
After that, in order to confirm the condensation on the door surface, the room A is maintained at 10 ° C. and 50%, and the room B is maintained at 20 ° C. and 85% for about 48 hours to confirm the condensation and warpage on the door surface. After that, both the A and B rooms are kept at 20 ° C. and 50% and left for about 24 hours.
3) Measurement conditions Displacement outside the surface, surface temperature and ambient temperature and humidity are measured continuously at 10-minute intervals. An electrical displacement meter is used for out-of-plane displacement, a thermocouple is used for the surface temperature, and a thermohygrometer is used for the environmental temperature and humidity.
The measurement position is shown in FIG.
Out-of-plane displacement is longitudinal 1: X _1- (X ₂ + X ₃ ) / 2
Longitudinal 2: X ₄ − (X ₅ + X ₆ ) / 2
Longitudinal 3: X ₇ − (X ₈ + X ₉ ) / 2
Short: Calculated as X ₁ − (X ₄ + X ₇ ) / 2.
The surface temperature is an average of 5 points on both the A room side and the B room side.

(Test results)
The test results are shown in the table below.

(Conclusion) The joinery of this example is superior in dimensional stability due to environmental changes as compared to the comparative example, has a small warpage deformation, and is less likely to cause a wave of joinery.

  Next, an open / close repeated test was performed on the joinery according to this example and the joinery using the single-plate laminated material as a comparative example as a core material.

(Test method)
As shown in FIG. 8, considering the construction state at the time of use, the specimen P is caught in the frame column A, and the specimen P is reciprocated at an angle of 45 ° from the fully closed state by the instantaneous repeater B. Repeat opening and closing 100,000 times at a frequency of 10 times / min, measure the opening / closing starting force every 5000 times, measure the lowering of the lower end P1 of the test specimen, and observe the state of the hinge mounting portion. A rubber string D is attached between the frame column A and the test body P in order to close the open test body.

(Test results)
The test results are shown in the table below.

(Conclusion) In the example, the amount of door-falling due to repeated opening and closing was smaller than in the comparative example. That is, the joinery core material of the example has a greater holding power of the joiner than the single-plate laminated material of the comparative example, the joint strength between the joinery and the hinge is high, and the strength of the joint portion is reduced due to repeated opening and closing of the joinery. Hateful.

  Next, the dimensional change rate by the environmental change of the joinery core material of the present example and the conventional joinery core material was measured. The measurement results are shown in the table below.

(Test method)
Leave indoors-> Curing (temperature 20 ° C, humidity 65%, 7 days)-> Constant temperature and humidity (temperature 50 ° C, humidity 90%, 7 days)-> Curing (temperature 20 ° C, humidity 65%, 7 days)-> Drying (temperature) 60 ° C, 7 days) → Curing (temperature 20 ° C, humidity 65%, 7 days)

(Test results)
The test results are shown in the table below.

(Conclusion)
Since the core material of the present embodiment is less warped or bent due to temperature change or humidity change than lumber, laminated lumber, single-ply laminated material, etc., the warp and bend of the joinery due to temperature and humidity changes in the house room. Can be reduced.

  Next, the joint strength of the joint tool was measured for the joinery core material of this example and the conventional joinery core material. The measurement results are shown in the table below.

(Test method)
Types of joint 1) Wood screw (4.1mm x 25mm) 2) Nail (N45)
Test method 1) Depth of penetration 15mm, test method is based on JISA 5908 particle board 2) test method conforms to JISZ2101 wood test method

(Test results)
The test results are shown in the table below.

(Conclusion)
In the joinery core material of the present embodiment, the holding power of the joint tool is much larger than other joinery core materials. Therefore, the joint strength between the joinery and the hinge is increased, and the strength reduction of the joint portion due to repeated opening and closing of the joinery over a long period can be reduced.

It is a perspective view of the square material which consists of a wooden material piece concerning this invention, and a binding material. It is an assembly drawing of the joinery core material concerning this invention. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the junction part of the joinery core material concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing of the fitting concerning this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the constant temperature and humidity chamber for performing the environmental test of the fitting concerning this invention. The time-dependent change of the temperature and humidity in a constant temperature and humidity chamber is shown. It is explanatory drawing which shows the displacement measurement position and surface temperature measurement position of the fitting concerning this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the method of the opening / closing repetition test of the fitting concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Joinery core material 2 Wood material piece 3 Core material 9 Joinery 10 Makeup face material

Claims (2)

A joinery core material that constitutes the skeletal structure of the joinery,
The frame structure of the joinery is formed by assembling a plurality of square members arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction into a frame shape by joining using a joining tool,
The plurality of square members each have a weight ratio of 70% or more, a density of 0.3 to 0.6 g / cm ³ , a thickness of 1 to 11 mm, and a length of 20 to 150 mm. The wood material pieces are stacked in a state in which the lengths of the wood material pieces are oriented in substantially the same direction, heated and pressurized in the stacking direction, and the wood material pieces including the binder for bonding the wood material pieces together. It is a composite material having a density of 0.6 g / cm ³ or more obtained by compressing and bonding pieces together ,
The plurality of square members are arranged such that a direction perpendicular to an orientation direction and a compression direction of the wooden material pieces is a thickness direction of the skeleton structure of the joinery.   A joinery, wherein a decorative face material is arranged so as to sandwich the joinery core material from both sides in the thickness direction of the joinery core material according to claim 1.

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