JP4619559B2 - Method for membrane treatment of protein-containing aqueous solution - Google Patents
Method for membrane treatment of protein-containing aqueous solution Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、蛋白質含有水溶液の連続的な膜処理におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆる膜透過流束(Fluxと記載することがある。)を改善し、膜処理効率を向上する蛋白質含有水溶液の膜処理方法に関する。特に、蛋白質含有水溶液の除菌を目的とした連続的なマイクロフィルトレーション(精密濾過)におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜濾過除菌処理効率を向上する蛋白質含有水溶液の膜濾過除菌処理方法に関する。
【0002】
詳しくは、本発明は、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mg以下に調整したのち、連続的に膜処理を行うことを特徴とする蛋白質含有水溶液の膜処理方法、並びに脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mg以下に調整したのち、連続的にマイクロフィルトレーションを行うことを特徴とする蛋白質含有水溶液の膜濾過除菌処理方法に関する。
本明細書において百分率(%)は、特に断りのない限り重量による表示である。
【0003】
【従来の技術】
従来、哺乳類の乳に代表される蛋白質含有水溶液の連続的な膜処理において、ファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜処理効率を向上するため、膜面流速、圧力、温度等の各種膜処理条件について検討がなされている(例えば、食品産業膜利用技術研究組合編、「食品製造における膜利用技術」、食品産業膜利用技術研究組合発行、昭和62年9月30日、第1乃至5頁)。この検討結果により、膜面流速をあげることが、Fluxの上昇に寄与することが知られている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来技術において示されるとおり、膜面流速をあげてFluxを改善するためには、一定以上のポンプ性能が要求され、全ての設備のそのまま適用できず、場合によっては新たな設備を必要とするという問題点を有していた。
【0005】
従って、高性能のポンプ等の新たな設備が不要な、蛋白質含有水溶液の連続的な膜処理におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜処理効率を向上する蛋白質含有水溶液の膜処理方法が待望されていた。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記従来技術に鑑みて、従来製品の有する前記各種問題点を解決することを目的として鋭意研究を行った結果、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mg以下に調整したのち、連続的に膜処理を行うことを特徴とする蛋白質含有水溶液の膜処理方法が、蛋白質含有水溶液の連続的な膜処理におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜処理効率を向上することができる方法であることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0007】
本発明の目的は、蛋白質含有水溶液の連続的な膜処理におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜処理効率を向上する蛋白質含有水溶液の膜処理方法を提供することである。
【0009】
前記課題を解決する本発明は、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を50mg以下に調整したのち、連続的にマイクロフィルトレーションを行うことを特徴とする蛋白質含有水溶液の膜濾過除菌処理方法であり、蛋白質が哺乳類の乳由来のIgG、ラクトフェリン、又はラクトパーオキシダーゼのいずれかであることを好ましい態様としている。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明の第一の発明の膜処理方法は、第二の発明のマイクロフィルトレーションによる蛋白質含有水溶液の膜濾過除菌処理方法を包含し、ウルトラフィルトレーション(限外濾過膜処理法)による膜分離処理及び膜濃縮処理、逆浸透膜処理法による膜濃縮処理等を示す。
【0011】
尚、前記のとおり本発明の第一の発明は第二の発明を包含しており、その内容が重複していることから、重複部分については、次の第二の発明の説明においてまとめて説明する。
【0012】
本発明の脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液は、膜の目詰まりの原因となる油脂を、蛋白質原料の固形分当たり10%以下まで脱脂した蛋白質水溶液であれば、如何なるものでも使用できる。
【0013】
本発明の蛋白質の種類は特に限定されないが、蛋白質としてカルシウムの含有量が多く、ファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止の効果が顕著に現れることから、本発明の態様1に示すとおり、哺乳類の乳由来のIgG、ラクトフェリン、又はラクトパーオキシダーゼのいずれかであることが好ましい。
【0014】
本発明の方法において、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mg以下に調整する方法は、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mg以下にすることができる方法であれば、如何なる方法も使用できるが、イオン交換樹脂法、電気透析法等を例示することができる。
【0015】
尚、後記する試験例の結果からも明らかなとおり、Fluxが改善され、膜処理効率が向上することから、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mg以下にすることが必要である。
【0016】
また、後記する試験例の結果からも明らかなとおり、Fluxが一層改善され、膜処理効率が一層向上することから、本発明の態様2に示すとおり、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を50mg以下にすることが好ましい。
【0017】
本発明の第二の発明のマイクロフィルトレーションに使用する精密濾過膜装置としては、Pall Filter社製の有機膜除菌装置(孔径0.1〜1.4μm)、Tetra-Laval社製のセラミックメンブラン除菌装置(孔径0.1〜1.4μm)等を例示することができる。
次に、試験例を示して本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0018】
試験例1
この試験は、Fluxを指標として、適正な膜処理の条件、即ち脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりの適正なカルシウム含有量を調べるために行った。
【0019】
(1)試験条件
カルシウムの含有量を次に示すとおり、変更したことを除き、実施例2又は実施例3と同一の方法により試験した。
試験番号1:固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を20mgとしたことを除き、本発明の実施例2と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
試験番号2:本発明の実施例2と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
試験番号3:固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mgとしたことを除き、本発明の実施例2と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
試験番号4:固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を110mgとしたことを除き、本発明の実施例2と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
試験番号5:固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を20mgとしたことを除き、本発明の実施例3と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
試験番号6:本発明の実施例3と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
試験番号7:固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mgとしたことを除き、本発明の実施例3と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
試験番号8:固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を110mgとしたことを除き、本発明の実施例3と同一の条件により0分、90分及び180分連続運転時点のFluxを試験した。
【0020】
(2)試験方法
(a)固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量の測定方法
EDTA法(乳業技術講座編集委員会編、「乳業技術講座5:牛乳・乳製品検査」、第281頁、朝倉書店、昭和39年3月10日)に従って溶液中のカルシウム含有量を測定し、溶液の固形分をマイクロ波乾燥水分計(アンリツ社製)で測定し、固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を算出することにより行った。
【0021】
(b)Flux(l/時間・m2)の測定方法
一定の膜面積を有する膜を透過して出る透過液を、1l容量のメスシリンダーに一定量採取し、ストップウォッチで採取に要した時間を測定し、Fluxを算出することにより行った。
【0022】
(c)Flux維持率の算出方法
0分連続運転時点のFluxの値(A)を100として、90分連続運転時点のFluxの値(B)及び180分連続運転時点のFluxの値(C)より、それぞれ90分時点のFlux維持率(百分率表示)[D(%)]及び180分時点のFlux維持率[E(%)]を次式により算出した。
【0023】
D(%)=B/A×100
E(%)=C/A×100
【0024】
(3)試験結果
この試験の結果は、表1に示すとおりである。表1から明らかなとおり、Fluxを改善し、膜処理効率を向上するためには、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mg以下にすることが必要であることが判明した。
【0025】
また、良好なFluxを維持すること、即ち、Fluxを一層改善し、膜処理効率を一層向上するためには、脱脂蛋白質含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を50mg以下にすることが好ましいことが判明した。
【0026】
また、蛋白質の種類、及び膜の種類を適宜変更して試験したが、ほぼ同様の結果が得られた。
【0027】
【表1】
【0028】
次に実施例を示して本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
尚、実施例で使用する蛋白質であるIgG、ラクトフェリン、及びラクトパーオキシダーゼは、それぞれ参考例1〜3に従って調製した。
【0029】
参考例1
特開昭61−68429号公報の実施例3に記載された方法に従い、IgG含有水溶液を調製した。
【0030】
分娩後最初の5時間に採取したウシの初乳を急速冷凍したウシの初乳15lを解凍した。このpH値は6.20であった。このpH値を1NのHCl1000mlによる酸性化によって4.82に調節した。このようにして得られた懸濁液を40℃に30分間加熱し、次に4℃において、0.9%塩化ナトリウム溶液によって全体量が30lになるまで希釈した。
【0031】
このようにして得て希釈した懸濁液を、孔度0.4μm、表面積2m2および繊維直径1.8mmの中空繊維カートリッジによる0.6barの過圧下での一次接線方向濾過に導き、ここで0.9%塩化ナトリウムの溶液150lを用いて透析した。
【0032】
25l/時の濾液流量で生ずる一次接線方向濾過の濾液を、分離限界10,000ダルトンおよび表面積1.4m2をそれぞれ有する3本の中空繊維カートリッジから成る装置による一次接線方向濾過に導いた。この装置では先ず最初に、溶液量を常に25lに保持する濃縮が行われた。次に0.9%塩化ナトリウム溶液120lを用いて透析濾過が行われ、最後に濾過が7.8%の蛋白質含量になるまで濃縮された。過圧は1.0〜1.7barであった。次に、低分子成分を含む濾液を除去した。
【0033】
得られたIgG含有水溶液は、免疫グロブリンを77.4%(この中IgG約85%)を含有するものであった。
【0034】
参考例2
特公昭6−13560号公報に開示された方法に従い、ラクトフェリン含有水溶液を調製した。
【0035】
牛乳から調製された脱脂乳又はホエーを、イオン交換基としてカルボキシル基を有し、かつヘモグロビン吸着能が3.5g/100ml以上である弱酸性陽イオン交換体に、0〜60℃の温度で接触させ、該弱酸性陽イオン交換体を水洗し、のち該弱酸性陽イオン交換体に塩類溶液を通液し、ラクトフェリンを該弱酸性陽イオン交換体から脱離し、溶出液を脱塩し、凍結乾燥した。この方法により98%以上の高純度ラクトフェリンを製造できる。
【0036】
得られた高純度ラクトフェリン乾燥粉末を10%濃度で精製水に溶解し、ラクトフェリン含有水溶液を調製した。尚、ラクトフェリン乾燥粉末としては、市販品(森永乳業社製等)を使用することもできる。
【0037】
参考例3
特開平5−41981号公報の参考例2に記載された方法に従い、ラクトパーオキシダーゼ含有水溶液を調製した。
【0038】
未加熱のホエー1000kgを10lのCM−セファデックスC−50(商標。ファルマシア社製)を充填したカラム(直径20cm、長さ32cm)に通液し、セファデックス樹脂にラクトパーオキシダーゼを吸着させ、のち水50kgでセファデックス樹脂を洗浄し、0.02モルリン酸二ナトリウム−0.3モル食塩緩衝液(pH7.0)20lを通液し、セファデックス樹脂に吸着したラクトパーオキシダーゼを溶出した。溶出液を分子量分画10,000の限外濾過装置(DDS社製)で濃縮と脱塩を同時に行い、得られた約2lの濃縮液を常法により凍結乾燥し、粉末状のラクトパーオキシダーゼ含有物約18g(純度約50%)を得た。
【0039】
得られたラクトパーオキシダーゼ乾燥粉末を10%濃度で精製水に溶解し、ラクトパーオキシダーゼ含有水溶液を調製した。尚、ラクトパーオキシダーゼ乾燥粉末としては、市販品(シグマ社製等)を使用することもできる。
【0040】
【実施例】
実施例1
参考例1と同一の方法を反復して製造したIgG含有水溶液15kgをカリウム型陽イオン交換樹脂(ダイヤイオンSK−1B。三菱化学社製)3lに通液し、前記試験方法により、カルシウム含有量を測定し、モニターしながら、IgG含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量が100mgとなるまで、脱塩した。
【0041】
次いで、固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を100mgに調整したIgG含有水溶液を精密濾過膜装置(Pall Filter社製。有機膜除菌装置孔径0.2μm)を使用して、入口圧力0.4×105Pa、循環流量600ml/分の一定の条件で、連続的にマイクロフィルトレーションを行い、膜濾過除菌処理を行った。
【0042】
処理開始後、90分連続運転時点のFluxを、前記試験方法により試験した結果、Fluxは48l/時間・m2であり、90分時点のFlux維持率は58%であり、ファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止し、膜処理効率を向上することができる方法であった。
【0043】
実施例2
参考例2と同一の方法を反復して製造したラクトフェリン含有水溶液30kgをカリウム型陽イオン交換樹脂(ダイヤイオンSK−1B。三菱化学社製)7lに通液し、前記試験方法により、カルシウム含有量を測定し、モニターしながら、ラクトフェリン含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量が50mgとなるまで、脱塩した。
【0044】
次いで、固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を50mgに調整したラクトフェリン含有水溶液を精密濾過膜装置(Pall Filter社製。有機膜除菌装置孔径0.2μm)を使用して、入口圧力0.6×106Pa、循環流量700ml/分の一定の条件で、連続的にマイクロフィルトレーションを行い、膜濾過除菌処理を行った。
【0045】
処理開始後、90分連続運転時点のFluxを、前記試験方法により試験した結果、Fluxは54l/時間・m2であり、90分時点のFlux維持率は60%であり、ファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止し、膜処理効率を向上することができる方法であった。
【0046】
実施例3
参考例3と同一の方法を反復して製造したラクトパーオキシダーゼ含有水溶液20kgをカリウム型陽イオン交換樹脂(ダイヤイオンSK−1B。三菱化学社製)5lに通液し、前記試験方法により、カルシウム含有量を測定し、モニターしながら、ラクトパーオキシダーゼ含有水溶液の固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量が50mgとなるまで、脱塩した。
【0047】
次いで、固形分100g当たりのカルシウム含有量を50mgに調整したラクトパーオキシダーゼ含有水溶液を精密濾過膜装置(Pall Filter社製。有機膜除菌装置孔径0.2μm)を使用して、入口圧力0.7×106Pa、循環流量800ml/分の一定の条件で、連続的にマイクロフィルトレーションを行い、膜濾過除菌処理を行った。
【0048】
処理開始後、90分連続運転時点のFluxを、前記試験方法により試験した結果、Fluxは30l/時間・m2であり、90分時点のFlux維持率は55%であり、ファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止し、膜処理効率を向上することができる方法であった。
【0049】
【発明の効果】
以上詳記したとおり、本発明は、蛋白質含有水溶液の連続的な膜処理におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜処理効率を向上する蛋白質含有水溶液の膜処理方法、並びに蛋白質含有水溶液の除菌を目的とした連続的なマイクロフィルトレーション(精密濾過)におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜濾過除菌処理効率を向上する蛋白質含有水溶液の膜濾過除菌処理方法に関するものであり、本発明により奏される効果は次のとおりである。
1)本発明の蛋白質含有水溶液の膜処理方法は、蛋白質含有水溶液の連続的な膜処理におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜処理効率を向上することができる。
2)本発明の蛋白質含有水溶液の膜濾過除菌処理方法は、蛋白質含有水溶液の除菌を目的とした連続的なマイクロフィルトレーション(精密濾過)におけるファウリングの発生による膜透過率の低下の防止、いわゆるFluxを改善し、膜濾過除菌処理効率を向上することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention improves the prevention of membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling in the continuous membrane treatment of protein-containing aqueous solution, so-called membrane permeation flux (sometimes referred to as "Flux"), and improves membrane treatment efficiency. The present invention relates to a membrane treatment method for an improved protein-containing aqueous solution. In particular, the prevention of membrane permeability reduction due to fouling in continuous microfiltration (microfiltration) aimed at sterilization of protein-containing aqueous solution, so-called flux is improved, and membrane filtration sterilization efficiency is improved. The present invention relates to a membrane filtration sterilization treatment method for an improved protein-containing aqueous solution.
[0002]
Specifically, the present invention relates to a membrane treatment method for a protein-containing aqueous solution characterized by continuously performing membrane treatment after adjusting the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution to 100 mg or less, and degreasing The present invention relates to a membrane filtration sterilization treatment method for a protein-containing aqueous solution, characterized in that after the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the protein-containing aqueous solution is adjusted to 100 mg or less, microfiltration is continuously performed.
In the present specification, the percentage (%) is expressed by weight unless otherwise specified.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the continuous membrane treatment of protein-containing aqueous solutions represented by mammalian milk, the membrane surface flow velocity is improved in order to prevent the decrease in membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling, so-called flux and improve membrane treatment efficiency. Various film processing conditions such as pressure and temperature have been studied (for example, “Food Industry Membrane Utilization Technology Research Association”, “Membrane Utilization Technology in Food Manufacturing”, Food Industry Membrane Utilization Technology Research Association, September 1987) 30th month, pages 1-5). From this study result, it is known that increasing the membrane surface flow velocity contributes to the increase in flux.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as shown in the above prior art, in order to improve the flux by increasing the membrane surface flow rate, a pump performance of a certain level or more is required, and not all facilities can be applied as they are, and in some cases, new facilities are required. It had the problem that.
[0005]
Therefore, new equipment such as a high-performance pump is not required, and the reduction in membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling in the continuous membrane treatment of protein-containing aqueous solution is improved, so-called flux is improved and membrane treatment efficiency is improved. A method for membrane treatment of protein-containing aqueous solutions has been awaited.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the prior art, the present inventors have conducted intensive research for the purpose of solving the various problems of conventional products. As a result, the calcium content per 100 g of solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution was reduced to 100 mg. A membrane treatment method for a protein-containing aqueous solution, characterized in that the membrane treatment is performed continuously after adjusting to the following, preventing a decrease in membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling in the continuous membrane treatment of the protein-containing aqueous solution, The present invention has been completed by discovering that the method can improve so-called flux and improve the film processing efficiency.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a membrane treatment method for a protein-containing aqueous solution that improves membrane treatment efficiency by preventing reduction in membrane permeability caused by fouling in continuous membrane treatment of a protein-containing aqueous solution, improving so-called flux. It is to be.
[0009]
The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that a protein-containing aqueous solution membrane is characterized in that after the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution is adjusted to 50 mg or less, microfiltration is continuously performed. a sterile filtration treatment method, Ru have IgG protein is derived from milk of mammals, lactoferrin, or be either lactoperoxidase a preferred embodiment.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described in detail.
The membrane treatment method of the first invention of the present invention includes the membrane filtration sterilization treatment method of the protein-containing aqueous solution by the microfiltration of the second invention, and by ultrafiltration (ultrafiltration membrane treatment method). A membrane separation treatment, a membrane concentration treatment, a membrane concentration treatment by a reverse osmosis membrane treatment method, and the like are shown.
[0011]
As described above, the first invention of the present invention includes the second invention, and since the contents overlap, the overlapping portions will be described together in the following description of the second invention. To do.
[0012]
As the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution of the present invention, any protein aqueous solution can be used as long as the fat that causes membrane clogging is defatted to 10% or less per solid content of the protein raw material.
[0013]
The type of the protein of the present invention is not particularly limited. However, since the protein has a high calcium content and the effect of preventing a decrease in membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling appears remarkably, as shown in aspect 1 of the present invention. It is preferably any one of IgG derived from mammalian milk, lactoferrin, or lactoperoxidase.
[0014]
In the method of the present invention, the method of adjusting the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution to 100 mg or less is a method capable of setting the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution to 100 mg or less. Any method can be used, and examples thereof include an ion exchange resin method and an electrodialysis method.
[0015]
As apparent from the results of the test examples described later, since the flux is improved and the membrane treatment efficiency is improved, the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution needs to be 100 mg or less. is there.
[0016]
Further, as is apparent from the results of the test examples described later, since the flux is further improved and the membrane treatment efficiency is further improved, as shown in aspect 2 of the present invention, the calcium per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution. The content is preferably 50 mg or less.
[0017]
As the microfiltration membrane device used for the microfiltration of the second invention of the present invention, an organic membrane disinfection device (pore diameter: 0.1 to 1.4 μm) manufactured by Pall Filter, a ceramic membrane manufactured by Tetra-Laval A sterilization apparatus (pore diameter 0.1 to 1.4 μm) and the like can be exemplified.
Next, a test example is shown and this invention is demonstrated in detail.
[0018]
Test example 1
This test was performed in order to examine the proper membrane treatment conditions, that is, the proper calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution, using Flux as an index.
[0019]
(1) Test conditions Tested by the same method as in Example 2 or Example 3, except that the calcium content was changed as shown below.
Test number 1: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 2 of the present invention except that the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content was 20 mg.
Test No. 2: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 2 of the present invention.
Test number 3: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes, and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content was 100 mg.
Test No. 4: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes, and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content was 110 mg.
Test No. 5: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 3 of the present invention except that the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content was 20 mg.
Test number 6: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes, and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 3 of the present invention.
Test No. 7: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 3 of the present invention except that the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content was 100 mg.
Test number 8: Flux at the time of continuous operation at 0 minutes, 90 minutes, and 180 minutes was tested under the same conditions as in Example 3 of the present invention except that the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content was 110 mg.
[0020]
(2) Test method (a) Method for measuring calcium content per 100 g of solid content EDTA method (edited by dairy technology course editorial committee, “dairy technology course 5: milk / dairy product inspection”, page 281, Asakura Shoten, Measure the calcium content in the solution according to March 10, 1964), measure the solid content of the solution with a microwave dry moisture meter (manufactured by Anritsu), and calculate the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content. It went by.
[0021]
(B) Measuring method of Flux (l / hour · m 2 ) Time required for collecting a fixed amount of permeate that permeates through a membrane having a fixed membrane area into a 1 liter graduated cylinder and collecting with a stopwatch Was measured and the flux was calculated.
[0022]
(C) Calculation method of the flux maintenance rate When the flux value (A) at the 0 minute continuous operation time is set to 100, the flux value (B) at the 90 minute continuous operation time point and the flux value (C) at the 180 minute continuous operation time point From the above, the flux maintenance rate (percentage display) [D (%)] at 90 minutes and the flux maintenance rate [E (%)] at 180 minutes were calculated by the following equations.
[0023]
D (%) = B / A × 100
E (%) = C / A × 100
[0024]
(3) Test results The results of this test are as shown in Table 1. As is apparent from Table 1, it was found that the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution was required to be 100 mg or less in order to improve the flux and improve the membrane treatment efficiency.
[0025]
In order to maintain a good flux, that is, to further improve the flux and further improve the membrane treatment efficiency, the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the defatted protein-containing aqueous solution is preferably 50 mg or less. It has been found.
[0026]
In addition, the protein type and the membrane type were appropriately changed and tested, but almost the same results were obtained.
[0027]
[Table 1]
[0028]
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example.
In addition, IgG, lactoferrin, and lactoperoxidase, which are proteins used in Examples, were prepared according to Reference Examples 1 to 3, respectively.
[0029]
Reference example 1
An IgG-containing aqueous solution was prepared according to the method described in Example 3 of JP-A-61-68429.
[0030]
15 liters of bovine colostrum, which was snap frozen from bovine colostrum collected the first 5 hours after parturition, was thawed. This pH value was 6.20. The pH value was adjusted to 4.82 by acidification with 1000 ml of 1N HCl. The suspension thus obtained was heated to 40 ° C. for 30 minutes and then diluted at 4 ° C. with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution to a total volume of 30 l.
[0031]
The suspension thus obtained and diluted is led to a primary tangential filtration under a 0.6 bar overpressure with a hollow fiber cartridge with a porosity of 0.4 μm, a surface area of 2 m 2 and a fiber diameter of 1.8 mm, where Dialysis was performed using 150 l of a 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
[0032]
The primary tangential filtration filtrate produced at a filtrate flow rate of 25 l / h was led to primary tangential filtration by an apparatus consisting of three hollow fiber cartridges each having a separation limit of 10,000 daltons and a surface area of 1.4 m 2 . In this apparatus, first, concentration was performed so that the amount of the solution was always kept at 25 l. Next, diafiltration was performed using 120 l of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and finally the filtration was concentrated to a protein content of 7.8%. The overpressure was 1.0 to 1.7 bar. Next, the filtrate containing low molecular components was removed.
[0033]
The obtained IgG-containing aqueous solution contained 77.4% (about 85% of IgG) of immunoglobulin.
[0034]
Reference example 2
A lactoferrin-containing aqueous solution was prepared according to the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-13560.
[0035]
Contact skim milk or whey prepared from milk with a weakly acidic cation exchanger having a carboxyl group as an ion exchange group and a hemoglobin adsorption capacity of 3.5 g / 100 ml or more at a temperature of 0 to 60 ° C. The weak acid cation exchanger is washed with water, and then a salt solution is passed through the weak acid cation exchanger, and lactoferrin is desorbed from the weak acid cation exchanger, and the eluate is desalted and frozen. Dried. By this method, 98% or more highly pure lactoferrin can be produced.
[0036]
The obtained high-purity lactoferrin dry powder was dissolved in purified water at a concentration of 10% to prepare a lactoferrin-containing aqueous solution. A commercially available product (manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.) can also be used as the lactoferrin dry powder.
[0037]
Reference example 3
A lactoperoxidase-containing aqueous solution was prepared according to the method described in Reference Example 2 of JP-A-5-41981.
[0038]
1000 kg of unheated whey was passed through a column (diameter 20 cm, length 32 cm) packed with 10 l of CM-Sephadex C-50 (trademark, manufactured by Pharmacia), and lactoperoxidase was adsorbed on Sephadex resin. Thereafter, the Sephadex resin was washed with 50 kg of water, and 20 l of 0.02 mol disodium phosphate-0.3 mol saline buffer (pH 7.0) was passed through to elute lactoperoxidase adsorbed on the Sephadex resin. The eluate was concentrated and desalted at the same time with an ultrafiltration device (DDS) having a molecular weight fraction of 10,000, and about 2 liters of the resulting concentrate was freeze-dried by a conventional method to obtain powdered lactoperoxidase. About 18 g of content (purity about 50%) was obtained.
[0039]
The obtained lactoperoxidase dry powder was dissolved in purified water at a concentration of 10% to prepare a lactoperoxidase-containing aqueous solution. In addition, as a lactoperoxidase dry powder, a commercial item (made by Sigma etc.) can also be used.
[0040]
【Example】
Example 1
15 kg of an IgG-containing aqueous solution produced by repeating the same method as in Reference Example 1 was passed through 3 liters of a potassium-type cation exchange resin (Diaion SK-1B, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), and the calcium content was determined according to the above test method. Was measured and monitored until the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the IgG-containing aqueous solution reached 100 mg.
[0041]
Next, an IgG-containing aqueous solution in which the calcium content per 100 g of solid content is adjusted to 100 mg is used using a microfiltration membrane device (Pall Filter, Inc., organic membrane disinfection device pore size 0.2 μm), inlet pressure 0.4 × 10. Microfiltration was continuously performed under constant conditions of 5 Pa and a circulation flow rate of 600 ml / min, and membrane filtration sterilization was performed.
[0042]
As a result of testing the flux at the time of continuous operation for 90 minutes by the above test method after the start of the treatment, the flux was 48 l / hour · m 2 , and the flux maintenance rate at 90 minutes was 58%, which was due to the occurrence of fouling. This is a method capable of preventing a decrease in membrane permeability and improving membrane treatment efficiency.
[0043]
Example 2
30 kg of a lactoferrin-containing aqueous solution produced by repeating the same method as in Reference Example 2 was passed through 7 l of a potassium-type cation exchange resin (Diaion SK-1B, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation). Was measured and monitored until the calcium content per 100 g of solid content of the lactoferrin-containing aqueous solution reached 50 mg.
[0044]
Subsequently, the lactoferrin containing aqueous solution which adjusted calcium content per 100g of solid content to 50 mg was used for the inlet pressure 0.6x10 using the microfiltration membrane apparatus (The Pall Filter company. Organic membrane sanitization apparatus pore diameter 0.2micrometer). Microfiltration was performed continuously under constant conditions of 6 Pa and a circulating flow rate of 700 ml / min, and membrane filtration sterilization was performed.
[0045]
As a result of testing the flux at the time of continuous operation for 90 minutes by the above test method after the start of the treatment, the flux was 54 l / hour · m 2 , and the maintenance rate of the flux at 90 minutes was 60%, which was due to the occurrence of fouling. This is a method capable of preventing a decrease in membrane permeability and improving membrane treatment efficiency.
[0046]
Example 3
20 kg of a lactoperoxidase-containing aqueous solution produced by repeating the same method as in Reference Example 3 was passed through 5 liters of a potassium-type cation exchange resin (Diaion SK-1B, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation). While the content was measured and monitored, desalting was performed until the calcium content per 100 g of the solid content of the lactoperoxidase-containing aqueous solution reached 50 mg.
[0047]
Next, a lactoperoxidase-containing aqueous solution whose calcium content per 100 g of solid content was adjusted to 50 mg was used with a microfiltration membrane device (Pall Filter, Inc., organic membrane disinfection device pore size 0.2 μm), inlet pressure 0.7 Microfiltration was performed continuously under constant conditions of × 10 6 Pa and a circulating flow rate of 800 ml / min, and membrane filtration sterilization was performed.
[0048]
As a result of testing the flux at the time of continuous operation for 90 minutes after the start of the treatment by the above test method, the flux was 30 l / hour · m 2 , the maintenance rate of the flux at 90 minutes was 55%, and fouling occurred. This is a method capable of preventing a decrease in membrane permeability and improving membrane treatment efficiency.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the present invention provides a membrane of a protein-containing aqueous solution that prevents the reduction of membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling in the continuous membrane treatment of a protein-containing aqueous solution, improves the so-called flux, and improves the membrane treatment efficiency. Treatment method and prevention of membrane permeability drop due to fouling in continuous microfiltration (microfiltration) for sterilization of protein-containing aqueous solution, so-called flux is improved, membrane filtration sterilization treatment The present invention relates to a membrane filtration sterilization treatment method for a protein-containing aqueous solution that improves efficiency, and the effects exhibited by the present invention are as follows.
1) The membrane treatment method of the protein-containing aqueous solution of the present invention improves the membrane treatment efficiency by preventing the decrease in membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling in the continuous membrane treatment of the protein-containing aqueous solution, so-called flux. Can do.
2) The membrane filtration sterilization treatment method of the protein-containing aqueous solution of the present invention reduces the membrane permeability due to the occurrence of fouling in continuous microfiltration (microfiltration) for the purpose of sterilization of the protein-containing aqueous solution. Prevention, so-called flux can be improved, and membrane filtration sterilization treatment efficiency can be improved.
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