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JP4622154B2 - Detoxification treatment agent for object contaminated with organic halogen compound and treatment method using the same - Google Patents
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JP4622154B2 - Detoxification treatment agent for object contaminated with organic halogen compound and treatment method using the same - Google Patents

Detoxification treatment agent for object contaminated with organic halogen compound and treatment method using the same Download PDF

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JP4622154B2
JP4622154B2 JP2001147988A JP2001147988A JP4622154B2 JP 4622154 B2 JP4622154 B2 JP 4622154B2 JP 2001147988 A JP2001147988 A JP 2001147988A JP 2001147988 A JP2001147988 A JP 2001147988A JP 4622154 B2 JP4622154 B2 JP 4622154B2
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organic halogen
halogen compound
contaminated
nickel
detoxification
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JP2002336835A (en
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要樹 清水
俊二 阿萬
康行 長井
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Tosoh Corp
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Tosoh Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された土壌、産業廃棄物、汚泥、スラッジ、排水、地下水等の被処理物に対する無害化処理剤及びそれを用いた処理方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、世界各地でTCE(トリクロロエチレン)、PCE(テトラクロロエチレン)、ジクロロメタン、PCB(ポリ塩化ビフェニル)及びダイオキシン類等の有機ハロゲン化合物による環境汚染問題が顕在化し大きな問題となっている。
【0003】
これらの問題に対し、特に有機ハロゲン化合物により汚染された土壌、排水、地下水等に対する無害化用処理剤及びその処理方法が検討され、いくつかの技術報告又は特許が出願されている。
【0004】
1)汚染排水、地下水等の処理法としては、抽出・吸着法や揚水曝気法等が知られているが、揚水装置、さらに引き上げた前記汚染物質の吸着設備、活性炭等吸着剤の再生処理や廃棄処理が必要となる。また、汚染排水、地下水及び近辺の土壌自体を無害化するものではなく本質的な無害化処理法とはいえない。
【0005】
近年、金属触媒を混合、散布するだけで汚染物質を分解し無害化する処理法が報告されている。鉄系触媒により無害化する方法として、例えば特許2636171号公報、特公平2−49158号公報、特公平2−49798号公報に開示があるが、汚染排水、地下水のpH調整、水素ガスや還元剤等を供給する脱酸素処理が必要であり、実工法としては困難である。また、先崎ら[工業用水、391巻、29頁(1991年)]によるとTCEで汚染された排水、用水を鉄粉やNi又はCu化学メッキ鉄粉により還元脱塩素処理する技術がある。しかし、ラボスケールでの試験のみであり、実工法の説明が不明である。また、ニッケルメッキ量範囲が限られており、ニッケルメッキの剥離・溶出が触媒特性低下になると考えられる。アルミニウム系触媒により無害化する方法として、特表平5−501520号公報はハロゲン汚染物質を含む地下水の浄化法としてアルミニウム単独系の粒子から創られた透過性処理溝による事例がある。しかし、アルミニウム単独系のため浄化時間が長く実用化は困難と思われる。
【0006】
2)汚染土壌、スラッジ、汚泥等の処理法としては掘削土壌又は直接土壌中に加熱用電極を挿入し加熱処理する熱脱着法及び熱分解法が知られている。この方法では電極近傍は熱分解されるが、その他は揮発性の有機ハロゲン化合物を中心に地上に揮散するだけで根本的な処理法ではない。微生物によるバイオレメデイエーション法があるが、無害化には長時間必要であり、しかも全土壌に対応できず完全無害化は不可能と言われている。
【0007】
また、汚染土壌に金属系分解触媒を添加し、汚染物質を分解・処理する技術として、例えば鉄系触媒を用いた特開平11−235577号公報が開示しているが、短時間に分解できるものではなかった。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上述べたように有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物の従来処理法では処理時間が長い、コスト高、処理法が複雑で実用性に乏しいと言った課題を抱えている。特に、鉄等の金属触媒を添加し、無害化する技術としては、触媒劣化対策として汚染排水、地下水に対してはpH調整、脱溶存酸素処理が必要であり、汚染土壌に対しては短時間処理、完全分解できないため、高性能化が求められている。さらに、有害性のある分解副生物発生等の問題も残されている。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
発明者らは、これらの課題を解決するために、鋭意検討した結果、本発明を完成するに至ったものであり、有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物用無害化処理剤及びそれを用いた処理方法を提供するもので、汚染有機ハロゲン化合物の濃度が法的規制値をクリアすることができる。すなわち、アルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末のニッケル含有量がJIS H1307のアルミニウム合金の誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析方法による測定で1〜43重量%である有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物用無害化処理剤及びこれを用いた処理方法である。
【0010】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
【0011】
本発明の無害化処理剤が処理する被処理物は、有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染されたものである。ここに、有機ハロゲン化合物としては、土壌環境基準項目に記載された化合物であれば、特に限定するものではなく、例えば、ジクロロメタン、四塩化炭素、1,2−ジクロロエタン、1,1−ジクロロエチレン、EDC(cis−1,2−ジクロロエチレン)、MC(1,1,1−トリクロロエタン)、1,1,2−トリクロロエタン、TCE(トリクロロエチレン)、PCE(テトラクロロエチレン)、1,3−ジクロロプロペン等が挙げられる。
【0012】
本発明の無害化処理剤はニッケル含有量がJIS H1307のアルミニウム合金の誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析方法による測定で1〜43重量%であり、残部が不可避不純物を含むアルミニウムであるアルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末である。ニッケル含有量1重量%未満では有機ハロゲン化合物の分解速度が著しく遅く無害化に長時間必要である。また、被処理剤に対し添加量を多くしても性能は顕著には現れない。一方、ニッケル含有量が43重量%を超えると分解反応速度は低下する。また、このような高ニッケル含有粉は高コストとなり分解性能の割には経済的に不利となる。
【0013】
なお、土壌環境基準項目に該当する有機ハロゲン化合物を生成することなく分解を短時間に終了することができ、処理コストの面でも経済的であるニッケル含有量が2〜8重量%の無害化処理剤がより好ましい。
【0014】
また、本発明の無害化処理剤であるアルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末特性としては、比表面積は0.05m2/g以上、200μmのふるいを通過する粒径を用いることにより、分解反応速度、被処理物の接触確率を向上させることができ、より短時間にEDC等の土壌環境基準項目に記載された有害有機ハロゲン化合物をも分解することができるのでより好ましい。
【0015】
本発明無害化処理剤の製造方法に制限はなく溶湯粉化法として水又はガスアトマイズ法、衝撃法、機械的粉化法としてボールミル法、渦流法等が含まれ、製法に起因するところがあるが処理剤の形状は球形状、樹枝状、片状、針状、角状、積層状、海綿状等が含まれる。
【0016】
本発明の無害化処理剤は、以上に説明したようなアルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末を含むものであるが、その効果を損なわない程度で添加剤を含んでいてもよい。添加剤としては特に限定するものではなく、例えば、酸化防止剤、(電解質系)反応促進剤、分散剤等があげられる。ここに、電解質としては、例えば、塩化ナトリウム、硫酸ナトリウム等があげられ、分散剤としては、例えば、活性炭素、アルミナ、ゼオライト、シリカゲル、シリカ−アルミナ、等があげられる。
【0017】
本発明の無害化処理方法は、有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物に上記した無害化処理剤を添加混合し、処理するものである。
【0018】
無害化処理剤の添加量は、特に限定するものではないが、被処理物中の有機ハロゲン化合物と接触確率を高くして分解速度を増加させ、経済的に有利となるため、湿体土壌や地下水等の被処理物全量に対して0.1〜10重量%の範囲であることが好ましい。
【0019】
無害化処理剤の添加、混合方法例としては、1)掘削した土壌あるいは揚水した地下水等に対してはミキサー、ニーダー等を用いて連続均一混合処理、又は混合ピット等を用いて回分混合処理、2)原位置処理法としては空気又は水等により無害化処理剤を土壌、地下水等に圧入することで均一混合処理ができる。
【0020】
また、本発明の処理方法によれば、前記有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物に対しpH調整や脱酸素処理を必要とせず、本発明の無害化処理剤を添加混合することにより、無害化することができる。
【0021】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例にさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらによって限定されるものではない。
【0022】
実施例1〜実施例6及び比較例1〜比較例4
TCE(トリクロロエチレン)含有汚染溶液に対する本発明の無害化処理剤の試験を行った。125mlバイアル瓶に100mg/LのTCE水溶液、メタノールに溶解した内標ベンゼン、そして本発明処理剤をすばやく入れて密封した。30℃、200rpm浸とうを維持した。この水溶液は脱酸素処理を行っておらず、塩酸又は水酸化ナトリウムによりpH6〜7に調整した。
【0023】
用いた処理剤はJIS H1307のアルミニウム合金の誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析方法により測定したニッケル含有量0.01〜89.85重量%、比表面積0.2〜1.2m2/g、平均粒径75μmのふるいを通過したアルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末を用いた(実施例1〜実施例6及び比較例1〜比較例3)。実施例3のニッケル4.94重量%粉は福田金属箔粉工業製を用いた。比較例4はニッケル99.7重量%粉は高純度化学研究所(株)のニッケル粉を用い、75μmのふるいを通過した粒度品を用いた。添加量はいずれも1g(対被処理物1重量%)である。
【0024】
TCE濃度の分析方法として、JIS K 0125(用水、排水中の揮発性有機化合物試験方法)に基づいたヘッドスペース法を用い、TCE濃度を経時的に定量分析した。試験後のORP(mV)も合わせて測定した。これらの測定結果を表1及び図1に示した。
【0025】
実施例1〜実施例6において2日から14日間までにTCE濃度は土壌環境基準0.03mg/L以下となった。分解生成物としてエタン、エチレンが主であるが、EDC等の環境基準項目の有機塩素化合物は生成していないことを確認した。また、ORP値もTCE溶液自身のORPより卑な(低い)電位を示し、TCE溶液が還元分解する傾向にあることを示唆している。これに対し、比較例1のニッケル含有量が1重量%未満の触媒は、14日後もTCE濃度が40mg/L以下にならず、比較例2〜比較例4のニッケル含有量が43重量%を超えた触媒も14日後にTCE濃度が土壌環境基準0.03mg/L以下にならず、ORP値も高かった。
【0026】
従って、実施例1〜実施例6で用いた無害化処理剤を用いれば有機ハロゲン化合物を分解する能力は顕著であり、法的規制値をクリアすることができることが分かった。
【0027】
【表1】

Figure 0004622154
実施例7〜実施例11及び比較例5〜実施例8
TCE(トリクロロエチレン)汚染モデル土壌に対する本発明の分解能力を検討した。モデル土壌として珪藻土(和光純薬、#25〜30)を30g、アルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末を0.3g(対土壌1.0重量%)を5分間混合した。
【0028】
125mlバイアル瓶に触媒を混合したモデル土壌と脱酸素未処理の純水9ml(対土壌30重量%)を添加し、TCE(100mg/L)とメタノールに溶解した内標ベンゼンを添加し密封した。バイアル瓶は30℃、200rpm浸とう条件で反応させた。
【0029】
用いた処理剤はJIS H1307のアルミニウム合金の誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析方法により測定したニッケル含有量0.01〜89.85重量%、比表面積0.2〜1.2m2/g、75μmのふるいを通過したアルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末を用いた(実施例7〜実施例11及び比較例5〜比較例7)。実施例8のニッケル4.94重量%粉は福田金属箔粉工業製を用いた。比較例8のニッケル99.7重量%粉は高純度化学研究所(株)のニッケル粉を用い、75μmのふるいを通過したものを用いた。
【0030】
TCE濃度の分析方法としては、JIS K 0125(用水、排水中の揮発性有機化合物試験方法)に基づいたヘッドスペース法を用い、TCE濃度を経時的に定量分析した。試験後のORP(mV)も合わせて測定した。これらの測定結果を表2及び図2に示した。
【0031】
実施例7〜実施例11はニッケル含有量が2.4〜42.03重量%の触媒を用いており、遅くとも14日後にはTCE濃度が土壌環境基準0.03mg/L以下となり、土壌中においても本発明の無害化処理剤は高分解能を示すことを確認した。また、分解生成物は主にエタン、エチレンであり土壌環境基準項目に挙げられている他の有機塩素化合物は生成していないことを確認した。これに対し、比較例5は14日後でもTCE濃度30mg/L以下にならずアルミニウム合金のニッケル含有量不足が分かる。また、比較例6〜比較例8のニッケル含有量が43重量%を超えた触媒はORP値も高く、反応速度が小さいため14日後でTCE濃度10mg/L以下にならなかった。
【0032】
従って、有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された土壌中においても、実施例7〜実施例11で用いた無害化処理剤を用いれば有機ハロゲン化合物を分解する能力は顕著であり、法的規制値をクリアできることが分かった。
【0033】
【表2】
Figure 0004622154
実施例12〜実施例15及び比較例9〜比較例11
PCE(テトラクロロエチレン)含有汚染溶液に対する本発明の無害化処理剤の試験を行った。125mlバイアル瓶に純水、100ml(10mg/L)PCE、メタノールに溶解した内標ベンゼン、そして処理剤をすばやく入れて密封した。30℃、200rpm浸とうを維持した。この水溶液は脱酸素処理を行っておらず、塩酸又は水酸化ナトリウムによりpH6〜7に調整した。
【0034】
用いた処理剤はJIS H1307のアルミニウム合金の誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析方法により測定したニッケル含有量0.01〜70重量%、比表面積0.2〜1.2m2/g、平均粒径75μmのふるいを通過したアルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末を用いた(実施例12〜実施例15及び比較例9〜比較例10)。実施例13のニッケル4.94重量%粉は福田金属箔粉工業製を用いた。比較例11はニッケル99.7重量%粉は高純度化学研究所(株)のニッケル粉を用い、75μmのふるいを通過した粒度品を用いた。添加量はいずれも1g(対被処理物1重量%)である。
【0035】
PCE濃度の分析方法として、JIS K 0125(用水、排水中の揮発性有機化合物試験方法)に基づいたヘッドスペース法を用い、PCE濃度を経時的に定量分析した。試験後のORP(mV)も合わせて測定した。これらの測定結果を表3及び図3に示した。
【0036】
実施例12〜実施例15において3日から15日間までにPCE濃度は土壌環境基準0.01mg/L以下となった。分解生成物としてTCE、EDC等の環境基準項目の有機塩素化合物は生成しないことを確認した。また、ORP値も卑な(低い)電位を示すことからPCE溶液が還元分解する傾向にあることを示唆している。これに対し、比較例9〜比較例11は30日後もPCE濃度が土壌環境基準0.01mg/Lにならず、ORP値も高かった。
【0037】
従って、実施例12〜実施例15で用いた無害化処理剤を用いれば還元分解しにくいPCEを分解する能力は顕著で、法的規制値をクリアすることができることが分かった。
【0038】
【表3】
Figure 0004622154
実施例16〜実施例18及び比較例12〜比較例14
EDC(cis−1,2−ジクロロエチレン)、10mg/Lの汚染溶液に対する本発明の無害化処理剤の試験を行った。試験条件は実施例1〜実施例6と同様である。ただし、実施例17のニッケル4.94重量%粉は福田金属箔粉工業製を用いた。
【0039】
試験結果を表4及び図4に示した。実施例16〜実施例18において3日間までにEDC濃度は土壌環境基準0.04mg/L以下となった。分解生成物として主にエチレン、エタン等が確認され、環境基準項目の有機塩素化合物は生成しないことを確認した。また、ORP値も卑な(低い)電位を示すことからEDC溶液が還元分解する傾向にあることを示唆している。これに対し、比較例12〜比較例14は14日後もEDC濃度が土壌環境基準0.04mg/Lにならず、ORP値も高かった。
【0040】
従って、実施例16〜実施例18で用いた無害化処理剤を用いれば還元分解しにくいEDCを分解する能力は顕著で、法的規制値をクリアすることができることが分かった。
【0041】
【表4】
Figure 0004622154
実施例19〜実施例21及び比較例15〜比較例17
MC(1,1,1,−トリクロロエタン)、10mg/Lの汚染溶液に対する本発明の無害化処理剤の試験を行った。試験条件は実施例1〜実施例6と同様である。ただし、実施例20のニッケル4.94重量%粉は福田金属箔粉工業製を用いた。
【0042】
試験結果を表5及び図5に示した。実施例19〜実施例21において3日間までにMC濃度は土壌環境基準1mg/L以下となった。分解生成物として主にエチレン、エタン等が確認され、環境基準項目の有機塩素化合物は生成しないことを確認した。また、ORP値も卑な(低い)電位を示すことからMC溶液が還元分解する傾向にあることを示唆している。これに対し、比較例15〜比較例17は14日後もPCE濃度が土壌環境基準1mg/Lにならず、ORP値も高かった。
【0043】
従って、実施例19〜実施例21で用いた無害化処理剤を用いれば還元分解しにくいMCを分解する能力は顕著で、法的規制値をクリアすることができることが分かった。
【0044】
【表5】
Figure 0004622154
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の無害化処理剤と無害化処理法によれば、有機ハロゲン化合物を短時間に分解し、有害な分解副生物を生成せず無害化処理でき、しかも法的規制値をクリアすることができる効果を有するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】TCE含有溶液における無害化処理剤中のニッケル含有量とTCE濃度及びORPの関係を示した図である。図中の、X軸(横軸)は合金中のニッケル(Ni)含有量(単位は重量%)を示し、Y軸(縦軸)の左側はTCE濃度(単位はmg/L)、Y軸(縦軸)の右側はORP(単位はmV)を示す。また、黒三角(▲)は7日後のTCE濃度、黒丸(●)は14日後のTCE濃度であり、白丸(○)は14日後のORPである。
【図2】TCE含有土壌に対する無害化処理剤中のニッケル含有量とTCE濃度及びORPの関係を示した図である。図中の、X軸(横軸)は合金中のニッケル(Ni)含有量(単位は重量%)を示し、Y軸(縦軸)の左側はTCE濃度(単位はmg/L)、Y軸(縦軸)の右側はORP(単位はmV)を示す。また、黒三角(▲)は7日後のTCE濃度、黒丸(●)は14日後の土壌中のTCE濃度であり、白丸(○)は14日後の土壌中のORPである。
【図3】PCE含有溶液における無害化処理剤中のニッケル含有量とPCE濃度及びORPの関係を示した図である。図中の、X軸(横軸)は合金中のニッケル(Ni)含有量(単位は重量%)を示し、Y軸(縦軸)の左側はPCE濃度(単位はmg/L)、Y軸(縦軸)の右側はORP(単位はmV)を示す。また、黒三角(▲)は14日後のTCE濃度、黒丸(●)は30日後のPCE濃度であり、白丸(○)は30日後のORPである。
【図4】EDC含有溶液における無害化処理剤中のニッケル含有量とEDC濃度及びORPの関係を示した図である。図中の、X軸(横軸)は合金中のニッケル(Ni)含有量(単位は重量%)を示し、Y軸(縦軸)の左側はEDC濃度(単位はmg/L)、Y軸(縦軸)の右側はORP(単位はmV)を示す。また、黒三角(▲)は7日後のTCE濃度、黒丸(●)は14日後のEDC濃度であり、白丸(○)は14日後のORPである。
【図5】MC含有溶液における無害化処理剤中のニッケル含有量とMC濃度及びORPの関係を示した図である。図中の、X軸(横軸)は合金中のニッケル(Ni)含有量(単位は重量%)を示し、Y軸(縦軸)の左側はMC濃度(単位はmg/L)、Y軸(縦軸)の右側はORP(単位はmV)を示す。また、黒三角(▲)は7日後のTCE濃度、黒丸(●)は14日後のMC濃度であり、白丸(○)は14日後のORPである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a detoxifying agent for an object to be treated such as soil, industrial waste, sludge, sludge, waste water, and groundwater contaminated with an organic halogen compound, and a treatment method using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, environmental pollution problems due to organic halogen compounds such as TCE (trichloroethylene), PCE (tetrachloroethylene), dichloromethane, PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) and dioxins have become apparent and become a serious problem in various parts of the world.
[0003]
In response to these problems, treatment agents for detoxification of soil, wastewater, groundwater, etc. contaminated with organic halogen compounds and treatment methods thereof have been studied, and several technical reports or patents have been filed.
[0004]
1) Extraction / adsorption method and pumping / aeration method are known as treatment methods for contaminated wastewater, groundwater, etc., but pumping equipment, adsorption equipment for the raised pollutants, regeneration treatment of adsorbents such as activated carbon, Disposal is required. Moreover, it does not detoxify contaminated wastewater, groundwater, and the surrounding soil itself, and cannot be said to be an essential detoxification treatment method.
[0005]
In recent years, treatment methods for decomposing and detoxifying pollutants simply by mixing and spreading metal catalysts have been reported. As a method of detoxifying with an iron-based catalyst, for example, there are disclosures in Japanese Patent No. 2636171, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-49158, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-49798. It is difficult as an actual construction method to perform deoxygenation treatment for supplying the like. In addition, according to Sakizaki et al. [Industrial water, 391, 29 (1991)], there is a technique for reducing and dechlorinating waste water and water contaminated with TCE with iron powder, Ni or Cu chemical plating iron powder. However, it is only a laboratory scale test, and the explanation of the actual method is unknown. In addition, the nickel plating amount range is limited, and it is considered that peeling and elution of nickel plating deteriorates the catalyst characteristics. As a method of detoxifying with an aluminum-based catalyst, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-501520 has an example of a permeability treatment groove created from particles of aluminum alone as a purification method of groundwater containing halogen pollutants. However, because of the single aluminum system, the purification time is long and it seems difficult to put it to practical use.
[0006]
2) Thermal desorption methods and thermal decomposition methods are known as methods for treating contaminated soil, sludge, sludge, etc., by inserting a heating electrode into excavated soil or directly into the soil. In this method, the vicinity of the electrode is thermally decomposed, but the others are not fundamental treatment methods because they are volatilized on the ground mainly with volatile organic halogen compounds. Although there is a bioremediation method using microorganisms, it takes a long time for detoxification, and it is said that complete detoxification is impossible because it cannot handle the whole soil.
[0007]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-235577 using an iron-based catalyst, for example, discloses a technique for adding a metal-based decomposition catalyst to contaminated soil and decomposing / treating the contaminant. It wasn't.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the conventional processing method for an object to be processed contaminated with an organic halogen compound has problems that the processing time is long, the cost is high, the processing method is complicated, and the practicality is poor. In particular, as a technology for detoxifying by adding a metal catalyst such as iron, it is necessary to adjust the pH of decontaminated wastewater and groundwater and to treat dissolved oxygen as a countermeasure against catalyst degradation, and to contaminate soil for a short time. Since processing and complete disassembly are not possible, higher performance is required. Furthermore, problems such as generation of harmful decomposition by-products remain.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive investigations to solve these problems, the inventors have completed the present invention, and use a detoxifying agent for an object to be treated contaminated with an organic halogen compound and the same. The concentration of contaminating organohalogen compounds can meet legal limits. That is, the detoxifying agent for an object to be treated contaminated with an organic halogen compound whose aluminum content is 1 to 43% by weight as measured by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic analysis method of an aluminum alloy of JIS H1307. And a processing method using the same.
[0010]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0011]
An object to be treated to be treated by the detoxifying agent of the present invention is contaminated with an organic halogen compound. Here, the organic halogen compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound described in the soil environment standard item. For example, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, EDC (Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene), MC (1,1,1-trichloroethane), 1,1,2-trichloroethane, TCE (trichloroethylene), PCE (tetrachloroethylene), 1,3-dichloropropene, and the like.
[0012]
The detoxifying agent of the present invention is an aluminum-nickel alloy powder whose nickel content is 1 to 43% by weight as measured by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic analysis method of an aluminum alloy having JIS H1307, and the balance is aluminum containing inevitable impurities. It is. When the nickel content is less than 1% by weight, the decomposition rate of the organic halogen compound is remarkably slow, and a long time is required for detoxification. Further, even if the addition amount is increased with respect to the agent to be treated, the performance does not appear remarkably. On the other hand, when the nickel content exceeds 43% by weight, the decomposition reaction rate decreases. In addition, such high nickel-containing powder is expensive and economically disadvantageous for the decomposition performance.
[0013]
In addition, the decomposition can be completed in a short time without producing an organic halogen compound corresponding to the soil environment standard item, and the detoxification treatment with a nickel content of 2 to 8% by weight, which is economical in terms of treatment cost. An agent is more preferable.
[0014]
In addition, as the characteristics of the aluminum-nickel alloy powder that is the detoxifying agent of the present invention, the specific surface area is 0.05 m 2 / g or more, and the particle size that passes through a 200 μm sieve is used. It is more preferable because the contact probability of an object can be improved, and harmful organic halogen compounds described in soil environment standard items such as EDC can be decomposed in a shorter time.
[0015]
There is no limitation on the production method of the detoxifying treatment agent of the present invention, which includes water or gas atomization method as the molten metal powdering method, impact method, ball milling method, vortex flow method and the like as mechanical powdering method, which may be caused by the manufacturing method. The shape of the agent includes a spherical shape, a dendritic shape, a piece shape, a needle shape, a square shape, a laminated shape, a sponge shape, and the like.
[0016]
The detoxification treatment agent of the present invention contains the aluminum-nickel alloy powder as described above, but may contain additives to the extent that the effect is not impaired. The additive is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an antioxidant, an (electrolyte) reaction accelerator, and a dispersant. Examples of the electrolyte include sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, and examples of the dispersant include activated carbon, alumina, zeolite, silica gel, silica-alumina, and the like.
[0017]
The detoxification treatment method of the present invention is a method in which the above-described detoxification treatment agent is added to and mixed with an object to be treated contaminated with an organic halogen compound.
[0018]
The addition amount of the detoxifying agent is not particularly limited, but increases the probability of contact with the organic halogen compound in the object to be treated to increase the decomposition rate, which is economically advantageous. It is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight with respect to the total amount of the object to be treated such as groundwater.
[0019]
Examples of detoxifying agent addition and mixing methods are as follows: 1) For excavated soil or pumped groundwater, etc., using a mixer, kneader, etc., continuous uniform mixing treatment, or batch mixing treatment using a mixing pit, 2) As an in-situ treatment method, a uniform mixing treatment can be performed by press-fitting a detoxifying agent into soil, groundwater or the like with air or water.
[0020]
In addition, according to the treatment method of the present invention, no pH adjustment or deoxygenation treatment is required for the object contaminated with the organic halogen compound, and the harmless treatment agent of the present invention is added and mixed without harm. Can be
[0021]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, this invention is not limited by these.
[0022]
Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4
The detoxification treatment agent of the present invention was tested against a TCE (trichlorethylene) -containing contaminated solution. In a 125 ml vial, a 100 mg / L TCE aqueous solution, an internal standard benzene dissolved in methanol, and the treatment agent of the present invention were quickly put and sealed. The immersion at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm was maintained. This aqueous solution was not deoxygenated and adjusted to pH 6-7 with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
[0023]
The treating agent used was 0.01 to 89.85% by weight of nickel, measured by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic analysis method of JIS H1307 aluminum alloy, a specific surface area of 0.2 to 1.2 m 2 / g, and an average particle diameter. Aluminum-nickel alloy powder that passed through a 75 μm sieve was used (Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3). Fukuda metal foil powder industry make was used for the nickel 4.94 weight% powder of Example 3. In Comparative Example 4, 99.7% by weight of nickel was nickel powder from High Purity Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd., and a particle size product that passed through a 75 μm sieve was used. The amount added is 1 g (1% by weight of the object to be processed).
[0024]
As a method for analyzing the TCE concentration, a headspace method based on JIS K 0125 (test method for volatile organic compounds in water and wastewater) was used, and the TCE concentration was quantitatively analyzed over time. The ORP (mV) after the test was also measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
[0025]
In Examples 1 to 6, the TCE concentration became 0.03 mg / L or less of the soil environment standard from 2 days to 14 days. Although ethane and ethylene were mainly used as decomposition products, it was confirmed that no organic chlorine compounds of environmental standard items such as EDC were produced. The ORP value also shows a lower (lower) potential than the ORP of the TCE solution itself, suggesting that the TCE solution tends to undergo reductive decomposition. On the other hand, the catalyst having a nickel content of less than 1% by weight in Comparative Example 1 does not have a TCE concentration of 40 mg / L or less after 14 days, and the nickel content in Comparative Examples 2 to 4 is 43% by weight. Exceeding catalyst also had a TCE concentration of 0.03 mg / L or less after 14 days, and the ORP value was also high.
[0026]
Therefore, it was found that if the detoxifying agent used in Examples 1 to 6 is used, the ability to decompose the organic halogen compound is remarkable, and the legal regulation value can be cleared.
[0027]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004622154
Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8
The decomposition ability of the present invention for TCE (trichlorethylene) contaminated model soil was examined. As model soil, 30 g of diatomaceous earth (Wako Pure Chemicals, # 25-30) and 0.3 g of aluminum-nickel alloy powder (1.0% by weight of soil) were mixed for 5 minutes.
[0028]
A model soil mixed with a catalyst in a 125 ml vial and 9 ml of deoxygenated untreated pure water (30% by weight with respect to the soil) were added, and internal standard benzene dissolved in TCE (100 mg / L) and methanol was added and sealed. The vial was reacted at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm.
[0029]
The treatment agent used was a sieve having a nickel content of 0.01 to 89.85% by weight, a specific surface area of 0.2 to 1.2 m 2 / g, and a thickness of 75 μm, as measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry of an aluminum alloy of JIS H1307. (Example 7 to Example 11 and Comparative Example 5 to Comparative Example 7) were used. The Fukuda metal foil powder industry make was used for the nickel 4.94 weight% powder of Example 8. The nickel 99.7% by weight powder of Comparative Example 8 was a nickel powder from High-Purity Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd. and passed through a 75 μm sieve.
[0030]
As a method for analyzing the TCE concentration, a headspace method based on JIS K 0125 (test method for volatile organic compounds in water and wastewater) was used, and the TCE concentration was quantitatively analyzed over time. The ORP (mV) after the test was also measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 and FIG.
[0031]
Examples 7 to 11 use a catalyst having a nickel content of 2.4 to 42.03 wt%, and after 14 days at the latest, the TCE concentration becomes 0.03 mg / L or less of the soil environmental standard, It was also confirmed that the detoxifying agent of the present invention exhibits high resolution. Moreover, it was confirmed that the decomposition products were mainly ethane and ethylene, and other organochlorine compounds listed in the soil environment standard items were not generated. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 5, the TCE concentration was not lower than 30 mg / L even after 14 days, indicating that the nickel content of the aluminum alloy was insufficient. Further, the catalysts in which the nickel content in Comparative Examples 6 to 8 exceeded 43% by weight also had a high ORP value and a low reaction rate, so that the TCE concentration did not become 10 mg / L or less after 14 days.
[0032]
Therefore, even in soil contaminated with an organic halogen compound, the ability to decompose the organic halogen compound is remarkable by using the detoxifying agent used in Examples 7 to 11, and the legal regulation value can be cleared. I understood.
[0033]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004622154
Examples 12 to 15 and Comparative Examples 9 to 11
The detoxification treatment agent of the present invention for a PCE (tetrachloroethylene) -containing contaminated solution was tested. In a 125 ml vial, pure water, 100 ml (10 mg / L) PCE, internal standard benzene dissolved in methanol, and a treatment agent were quickly put and sealed. The immersion at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm was maintained. This aqueous solution was not deoxygenated and adjusted to pH 6-7 with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
[0034]
The used treatment agent had a nickel content of 0.01 to 70% by weight, a specific surface area of 0.2 to 1.2 m 2 / g, and an average particle size of 75 μm, as measured by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic analysis method of JIS H1307 aluminum alloy. The aluminum-nickel alloy powder that passed through the sieve was used (Examples 12 to 15 and Comparative Examples 9 to 10). The nickel 4.94 wt% powder of Example 13 was made by Fukuda Metal Foil Powder Industry. In Comparative Example 11, a nickel powder of 99.7% by weight of nickel was obtained from a high-purity chemical research institute nickel powder and passed through a 75 μm sieve. The amount added is 1 g (1% by weight of the object to be processed).
[0035]
The PCE concentration was quantitatively analyzed over time using a headspace method based on JIS K 0125 (method for testing volatile organic compounds in water and wastewater) as an analysis method of the PCE concentration. The ORP (mV) after the test was also measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.
[0036]
In Example 12 to Example 15, the PCE concentration became 0.01 mg / L or less of the soil environmental standard from 3 days to 15 days. It was confirmed that organochlorine compounds of environmental standard items such as TCE and EDC were not produced as decomposition products. Further, since the ORP value also shows a base (low) potential, it indicates that the PCE solution tends to undergo reductive decomposition. In contrast, in Comparative Examples 9 to 11, the PCE concentration did not reach the soil environmental standard of 0.01 mg / L even after 30 days, and the ORP value was also high.
[0037]
Therefore, it was found that if the detoxifying agent used in Examples 12 to 15 was used, the ability to decompose PCE which is difficult to reduce and decompose was remarkable, and the legal regulation value could be cleared.
[0038]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004622154
Examples 16 to 18 and Comparative Examples 12 to 14
The detoxification treatment agent of the present invention was tested against a contaminated solution of EDC (cis-1,2-dichloroethylene), 10 mg / L. The test conditions are the same as in Examples 1 to 6. However, the nickel 4.94 wt% powder of Example 17 was manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Powder Industry.
[0039]
The test results are shown in Table 4 and FIG. In Example 16 to Example 18, the EDC concentration became 0.04 mg / L or less of the soil environmental standard by 3 days. As a decomposition product, ethylene, ethane, etc. were mainly confirmed, and it was confirmed that organic chlorine compounds of environmental standard items were not generated. Further, since the ORP value also shows a base (low) potential, it indicates that the EDC solution tends to undergo reductive decomposition. In contrast, in Comparative Examples 12 to 14, the EDC concentration did not reach the soil environmental standard of 0.04 mg / L even after 14 days, and the ORP value was also high.
[0040]
Therefore, it was found that if the detoxifying agent used in Examples 16 to 18 is used, the ability to decompose EDC that is difficult to reduce and decompose is remarkable, and the legal regulation value can be cleared.
[0041]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004622154
Examples 19 to 21 and Comparative Examples 15 to 17
The detoxifying agent of the present invention was tested on a contaminated solution of MC (1,1,1, -trichloroethane), 10 mg / L. The test conditions are the same as in Examples 1 to 6. However, the nickel 4.94 wt% powder of Example 20 was manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Powder Industry.
[0042]
The test results are shown in Table 5 and FIG. In Example 19 to Example 21, the MC concentration was 1 mg / L or less of the soil environmental standard by 3 days. As a decomposition product, ethylene, ethane, etc. were mainly confirmed, and it was confirmed that organic chlorine compounds of environmental standard items were not generated. Further, since the ORP value also shows a base (low) potential, it suggests that the MC solution tends to undergo reductive decomposition. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 15 to 17, the PCE concentration did not reach 1 mg / L of soil environment even after 14 days, and the ORP value was also high.
[0043]
Therefore, it was found that if the detoxifying agent used in Examples 19 to 21 is used, the ability to decompose MC that is difficult to reduce and decompose is remarkable, and the legal regulation value can be cleared.
[0044]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004622154
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the detoxification treatment agent and the detoxification treatment method of the present invention, the organic halogen compound can be decomposed in a short time, and can be detoxified without producing harmful decomposition by-products. It has the effect of clearing the legal regulation value.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between nickel content in a detoxifying agent in a TCE-containing solution, TCE concentration, and ORP. In the figure, the X-axis (horizontal axis) indicates the nickel (Ni) content (unit: wt%) in the alloy, the left side of the Y-axis (vertical axis) is the TCE concentration (unit: mg / L), Y-axis The right side of (vertical axis) represents ORP (unit: mV). Also, the black triangle (▲) is the TCE concentration after 7 days, the black circle (●) is the TCE concentration after 14 days, and the white circle (○) is the ORP after 14 days.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between nickel content, TCE concentration and ORP in a detoxifying agent for TCE-containing soil. In the figure, the X-axis (horizontal axis) indicates the nickel (Ni) content (unit: wt%) in the alloy, the left side of the Y-axis (vertical axis) is the TCE concentration (unit: mg / L), Y-axis The right side of (vertical axis) represents ORP (unit: mV). The black triangle (三角) is the TCE concentration after 7 days, the black circle (●) is the TCE concentration in the soil after 14 days, and the white circle (◯) is the ORP in the soil after 14 days.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the nickel content in the detoxifying agent in the PCE-containing solution, the PCE concentration, and the ORP. In the figure, the X-axis (horizontal axis) indicates the nickel (Ni) content (unit: wt%) in the alloy, the left side of the Y-axis (vertical axis) is the PCE concentration (unit: mg / L), Y-axis The right side of (vertical axis) represents ORP (unit: mV). The black triangle (三角) represents the TCE concentration after 14 days, the black circle (●) represents the PCE concentration after 30 days, and the white circle (◯) represents the ORP after 30 days.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the nickel content in the detoxifying agent in the EDC-containing solution, the EDC concentration, and the ORP. In the figure, the X-axis (horizontal axis) indicates the nickel (Ni) content (unit: wt%) in the alloy, the left side of the Y-axis (vertical axis) is the EDC concentration (unit: mg / L), Y-axis The right side of (vertical axis) represents ORP (unit: mV). Also, the black triangle (▲) is the TCE concentration after 7 days, the black circle (●) is the EDC concentration after 14 days, and the white circle (で) is the ORP after 14 days.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the nickel content in the detoxifying agent in the MC-containing solution, the MC concentration, and the ORP. In the figure, the X-axis (horizontal axis) represents the nickel (Ni) content (unit: wt%) in the alloy, the left side of the Y-axis (vertical axis) is the MC concentration (unit: mg / L), Y-axis The right side of (vertical axis) represents ORP (unit: mV). Also, the black triangle (▲) is the TCE concentration after 7 days, the black circle (●) is the MC concentration after 14 days, and the white circle (で) is the ORP after 14 days.

Claims (4)

アルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末からなり、該合金のニッケル含有量がJIS H1307のアルミニウム合金の誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析方法による測定で1〜43重量%であることを特徴とする有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物用無害化処理剤。It was made of aluminum-nickel alloy powder, and the nickel content of the alloy was contaminated with an organic halogen compound characterized in that it was 1 to 43% by weight as measured by the inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic analysis method of JIS H1307 aluminum alloy. Detoxification treatment agent for workpieces. 0.05m2/g以上の比表面積を有し、かつ200μmのふるいを通過する粒度を有するアルミニウム−ニッケル合金粉末からなるであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の被処理物用無害化処理剤。 2. The detoxification for an object to be treated according to claim 1, comprising an aluminum-nickel alloy powder having a specific surface area of 0.05 m 2 / g or more and having a particle size passing through a 200 μm sieve. Processing agent. 有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物に請求項1又は請求項2に記載の無害化処理剤を添加混合し、処理することを特徴とする有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物の無害化処理方法。3. Detoxification of an object to be treated contaminated with an organic halogen compound, wherein the object to be treated contaminated with an organic halogen compound is mixed and treated with the detoxifying agent according to claim 1 Processing method. 無害化処理剤の添加量が被処理物の全量に対し0.1〜10重量%であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の有機ハロゲン化合物で汚染された被処理物の無害化処理方法。4. The method for detoxifying a treatment object contaminated with an organic halogen compound according to claim 3, wherein the detoxification treatment agent is added in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the total amount of the treatment object. .
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