JP4625626B2 - Method for suppressing plant parasitic nematode damage using nematode damage-controlling microorganisms and nematode damage-controlling microorganism materials - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a nematode damage-controlling microbial material that is effective against plant parasitic nematodes that cause diseases such as many crops, flower buds, fruit trees and the like.

  Soil diseases caused by plant parasitic nematodes have been reported in crops, flower buds, fruit trees, trees, mushrooms, etc., and are recognized as important diseases that inhibit the healthy growth of these crops.

  Typical plant-parasitic nematodes include the root-knot nematode that forms a hump on the root, the negusale nematode that darkens the root tissue, and the cyst nematode that forms a cyst on the root. However, it is an exception that remarkable symptoms occur, such as Nekob nematode, Negusare nematode and cyst nematode, and it is extremely difficult to diagnose nematode damage in the field. Even when plant parasitic nematodes are infected, the disease is not noticeable on the ground, and generally exhibits chronic debilitating symptoms in which growth gradually declines.

  For many years, the main nematicides were dibromochloropropane (DBCP), ethylene dibromide (EDB), DD, and methyl bromide fumigants. Of these, DBCP was removed from the market in 1981 and EDB in 1983 due to carcinogenicity and groundwater contamination. The D-D currently used is a preparation consisting of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) from which 1,2-dichloropropane is removed from the mixture. In addition, since methyl bromide is a substance that destroys the ozone layer, it was designated as an ozone-depleting substance and decided to be abolished at the 4th Montreal Protocol Parties Meeting on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1992. . Currently, there is an urgent need to search for alternatives to nematicides and establish alternative technologies.

  In recent years, farmland has become residential land, and it is not uncommon for the farmland to be next to a house. In the suburbs of the city, soil disinfection with a strong odor fumigant has become difficult. In Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture, the use of granular fumigants and contact agents is encouraged as an alternative to fumigants. In addition, fumigants are highly irritating to the human body and are often not actively used by growers. There is also a movement to worry about the occurrence of environmental problems caused by drugs. Drug control reduces the number of autoactive nematodes that have an inhibitory effect on the growth of plant parasitic nematodes, and reduces the ability to antagonize plant parasitic nematodes. As a result, it is known that damage caused by plant parasitic nematodes for some reason will be enormous.

  Under these circumstances, control by natural enemy microorganisms has attracted attention as a nematode control system that does not use pesticides. Research on the control of plant parasitic nematodes using natural enemy microorganisms begins with the hypothesis of Linford et al. (See Non-Patent Document 1) in 1937. Linford et al. Reported that they succeeded in controlling the nematode nematode as a result of administering a large amount of organic matter in a pot test, and improved the growth and yield of the crop. Other uses include nematode parasitic fungi, endophytes and rhizosphere microorganisms. However, these have only been confirmed to have nematode damage suppression effects in pot tests and laboratory tests, and have not been put into practical use due to few results in field tests.

Linford, M.B., Yap, F.and Oliveira, J.M.1937.Reduction of soil populations of the root-knot nematode during decomposition of organic matter, Soil Science, 45,127-140

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its task is to screen for microorganisms having nematode damage-inhibiting effects that can be natural enemy microorganisms of nematodes from the natural world, and to the environment using materials obtained by culturing the microorganisms. Is to provide a method for controlling plant parasitic nematode damage in harmony with the ecosystem.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has conducted extensive studies and, as a result, screened nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and / or nematode predatory microorganisms having a nematode damage suppressing effect from the natural world, and cultured the microorganisms It has been found that plant parasitic nematode damage is suppressed by using materials.

  As the study progressed further, we developed liquid media and solid media with high growth efficiency of nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and nematode predatory microorganisms, and also developed materials that cultured nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and / or nematode predatory microorganisms. The present invention has been completed by finding an auxiliary material that promotes the nematode damage-inhibiting effect by applying to the soil simultaneously with or before application.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
1) Including nematode damage-inhibiting microorganisms comprising nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and / or nematophagous microorganisms that prey on nematodes and having the characteristics of parasitic on nematode eggs Nematode damage control microbial material.
2) A microorganism material characterized in that the nematode-damaging microorganism described in 1 above is fixed on one or more substrate materials selected from organic substrates and mineral substances.
3) The nematode damage-controlling microorganism material according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the nematode egg parasitic microorganism is a microorganism belonging to the genus Paecilomyces.
4) The nematode damage-controlling microorganism material as described in 3 above, wherein the microorganism belonging to the genus Paecilomyces is one or more microorganisms selected from Paecilomyces sp.EP001, Paecilomyces sp.EP002 and Paecilomyces sp.EP015. .
5) The nematode-damaging microbial material according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the nematode-predating microorganism is a microorganism belonging to the genus Arthrobotris.
6) The above-mentioned microorganism characterized in that the microorganism belonging to the genus Arthrobotris is one or two or more kinds of microorganisms selected from Arthrobotris sp. TF001, Arthrobotris sp. TF003, and Arthrobotris sp. TF006 5. Nematode damage control microbial material according to 5.
7) Cellulose and / or cellulose is a nematode-damaging microorganism consisting of a nematode egg parasitic microorganism and / or a nematode predatory microorganism that is a microorganism that prey on a nematode. A method for producing a nematode damage-controlling microbial material, which is obtained by culturing in a medium containing a derivative.
8) Nematode damage-inhibiting microorganisms consisting of nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and / or nematode predatory microorganisms that have the characteristic of predating nematodes are cellulose and / or cellulose. A culture obtained by culturing in a medium containing a derivative is added to one or more substrate materials selected from organic substrates and minerals, and the nematode-damaging microorganisms are fixed on the substrate material. A method for producing a nematode damage-controlling microbial material characterized by the above.
9) The method for producing a nematode damage-controlling microorganism material according to 7 or 8 above, wherein the nematode egg parasitic microorganism is a microorganism belonging to the genus Paecilomyces.
10) The nematode damage-controlling microorganism material as described in 9 above, wherein the microorganism belonging to the genus Paecilomyces is one or more microorganisms selected from Paecilomyces sp.EP001, Paecilomyces sp.EP002 and Paecilomyces sp.EP015 Manufacturing method.
11) The method for producing a nematode damage-controlling microorganism material as described in 7 or 8 above, wherein the nematode predatory microorganism is a microorganism belonging to the genus Arthrobotris.
12) The above microorganism, wherein the microorganism belonging to the genus Arthrobotris is one or two or more kinds of microorganisms selected from the group Arthrobotris sp. TF001, Arthrobotris sp. TF003, and Arthrobotris sp. TF006 11. A method for producing a nematode damage-controlling microbial material according to 11.
13) Nematode damage-inhibiting microorganisms including nematode-infesting microorganisms comprising nematode egg-parasitic microorganisms and / or nematode-predatory microorganisms having the characteristics of predating nematodes A method for suppressing plant parasitic nematode damage, characterized by using a material.
14) Nematode damage-inhibiting microorganisms comprising nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and / or nematode predatory microorganisms that have the characteristics of predating nematodes, organic substances and minerals A method for suppressing plant parasitic nematode damage, comprising using a nematode damage-controlling microbial material that is fixed to one or more substrate materials selected from the quality.
15) The plant parasitic nematode damage characterized by using together the nematode damage control microorganism material of said 13 or 14, and 1 type, or 2 or more types of materials selected from steamed leather powder, steamed hoof horn and crab. Suppression method.
16) The method for suppressing plant parasitic nematode damage as described in 13 to 14 above, wherein the nematode egg parasitic microorganism is a microorganism belonging to the genus Paecilomyces.
17) The plant parasitic nematode damage according to 16 above, wherein the microorganism belonging to the genus Paecilomyces is one or more microorganisms selected from Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 and Paecilomyces sp. Suppression method.
18) The method for suppressing plant parasitic nematode damage as described in 13 to 14 above, wherein the nematode predatory microorganism is a microorganism belonging to the genus Arthrobotris.
19) The above microorganism, wherein the microorganism belonging to the genus Arthrobotris is one or two or more kinds of microorganisms selected from the group Arthrobotris sp. 18. The method for suppressing plant parasitic nematode damage according to 18.
20) Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 or Paecilomyces sp. EP015, which is parasitic on nematode eggs and has the ability to suppress nematode damage.
21) Earth Robotis sp. TF001, Earth Robotis sp. TF003 or Earth Robotis sp. TF006, which prey on nematodes and has the ability to suppress nematode damage.

  The disease caused by plant parasitic nematodes can be remarkably reduced by adding the nematode damage-controlling microbial material of the present invention to the soil before planting or adding to the planting hole when planting the crop.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  As the nematode damage-controlling microorganism material of the present invention, nematode damage-controlling microorganisms such as nematode egg-parasitic microorganisms that are microorganisms having the characteristics of parasitic on nematode eggs and nematode-predating microorganisms having characteristics of predating nematodes are used. It is done.

  Nematode egg parasitic microorganisms are microorganisms that parasitize nematode eggs, and since Lysek was the first to report that Fusarium filamentous fungi were parasitic on nematode eggs, various types of nematode egg parasitic microorganisms Has been discovered. The nematode egg parasitized by the nematode egg parasitic microorganism used in the present invention is killed, and the proliferation of the nematode can be suppressed by using the nematode egg parasitic microorganism.

  Examples of nematode egg parasitic microorganisms include filamentous fungi such as Paecilomyces, Fusarium, Verticillium, and the like. Among these, filamentous fungi of the genus Paecilomyces can be suitably used as the nematode damage-suppressing material of the present invention.

  Of the filamentous fungi of the genus Paecilomyces, Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 and Paecilomyces sp. EP015 exhibit the greatest effect, and are particularly preferably used in the present invention.

Paecilomyces sp.EP001 is a microorganism isolated from eggplant nematode eggs of eggplant roots, and its mycological properties are as follows.
(1) Morphological properties This strain is a filamentous fungus of the genus Paecilomyces, has a septum in the mycelium, and conidia are single cells and subspheres.
(2) Properties on various media 1) The color of the malt extract medium colony is white and cottony.
2) The color of the potato dextrose medium colony is brown and cottony.
3) The color of the Czapek medium colony is white and cottony.
(3) Physiological properties Acetic acid, D-arabinose, dextrin, D-ribose, D-xylose, formic acid, L-arabinose, and propionic acid are assimilated well.

  This strain, Paecilomyces sp. EP001, has been deposited with the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the deposit number FERM P-19279. The morphological properties of this strain revealed that it was a filamentous fungus similar to Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson, but there were differences in the utilization of Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) and the following points Therefore, this strain was determined to be equivalent to a new species.

・ Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) can be assimilated, but Paecilomyces sp.EP001 cannot be assimilated Gentiobiose, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, maltitol, methyl succinate, palatinose, succinic acid, thuranose, α-D-glucose, γ-aminobutyric acid

・ Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) cannot be assimilated, but Paecilomyces sp.EP001 can be assimilated
D-Gluconic acid, formic acid, propionic acid

Paecilomyces sp.EP002 is a microorganism isolated from eggplant root nematode eggs of eggplant roots, and its mycological properties are as follows.
(1) Ecological properties This strain is a filamentous fungus of the genus Paecilomyces, has a septum in the mycelium, and conidia are single cells and subspheres.
(2) Properties on various media 1) The color of the malt extract medium colony is white and cottony.
2) The color of the potato dextrose medium colony is brown and powdery.
3) The color of the Czapek medium colony is white and cottony.
(3) Physiological properties It assimilate acetic acid, dextrin, D-ribose, formic acid, propionic acid and thuranose well.

  This strain, Paecilomyces sp. EP002, has been deposited at the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the deposit number FERM P-19280. The morphological properties of this strain revealed that it was a filamentous fungus similar to Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson, but there were differences in the utilization of Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) and the following points Therefore, this strain was determined to be equivalent to a new species.

-Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) can be assimilated, but Paecilomyces sp. EP002 cannot be assimilated Arbutin, D-galactose, D-glucosamine, D-meletitol, D-raffinose, D-trehalose, fumaric acid Gentiobiose, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, maltitol, methyl succinate, palatinose, succinic acid, α-D-glucose, α-ketoglutaric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid

・ Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) can not be assimilated, but Paecilomyces sp.EP002 can be assimilated Amidagulin, salicin, formic acid, propionic acid

Paecilomyces sp.EP015 is a microorganism isolated from the root-knot nematode egg of watermelon, and its mycological properties are as follows.
(1) Ecological properties This strain is a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Paecilomyces, has a septum in the hyphae, and conidia are single cells and subspheres.
(2) Properties on various media 1) The color of the malt extract medium colony is white and cottony.
2) The color of the potato dextrose medium colony is brown and fluffy.
3) The color of the Czapek medium colony is white and cottony.
(3) Physiological properties Acetic acid, dextrin, D-ribose, D-xylose, formic acid and propionic acid are assimilated well.

  This strain, Paecilomyces sp. EP015, has been deposited with the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the deposit number FERM P-19281. The morphological properties of this strain revealed that it was a filamentous fungus similar to Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson, but there were differences in the utilization of Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) and the following points Therefore, this strain was determined to be equivalent to a new species.

・ Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) can be assimilated, but Paecilomyces sp.EP015 cannot be assimilated Arbutin, D-galactose, D-meretitol, D-raffinose, D-trehalose, fumaric acid, gentiobiose Aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, maltitol, methyl succinate, palatinose, succinic acid, α-D-glucose, α-ketoglutaric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid

・ Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (NBRC32861) cannot be assimilated, but Paecilomyces sp.EP015 can be assimilated Amidagulin, D-mannitol, glycerol, propionic acid, salicin, formic acid, Twain 80

  A nematode predatory microorganism is a microorganism having an action of preying on a nematode. The method of preying on nematodes is: 1. Make a ring with mycelia and catch the nematode in a ring. 2. Invade the mycelium into the nematode. Adhesive spores and hyphae are attached to the body surface of nematode, germinate and enter into the nematode body.

  Examples of nematode predatory microorganisms include filamentous fungi of the genus Arthrobotris, dactylaria, and dactylera, and amoeba of the genus Bumpirella. It can be suitably used.

  Among the filamentous fungi of the genus Arthrobotris, Arthrobotris sp. TF001, Arthrobotris sp. TF003, and Arthrobotris sp. TF006 exhibit the greatest effect, and can be particularly preferably used in the present invention.

Arthrobotris sp.TF001 is a microorganism isolated from field soil, and its mycological properties are as follows.
(1) Ecological properties This strain is a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Arthrobotris, has a septum in the hyphae, and conidia are two cells and are oval.
(2) Properties on various media 1) The color of the malt extract medium colony is white and cottony.
2) The color of the potato dextrose medium colony is white and cottony.
3) The color of the Czapek medium colony is white and cottony.
(3) Physiological properties
D-galactose, D-mannitol, D-meretitol D-psicose, D-ribose, D-trehalose, D-xylose, fumaric acid, L-glutamic acid, L-malic acid, L-proline, L-rhamnose, maltotriose Well assimilate palatinose, succinic acid, xylitol, α-D-glucose, α-ketoglutamic acid, β-methyl D-glucoside.

  This strain Earth Robotis sp. TF001 has been deposited at the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the deposit number FERM P-19282. The morphological characteristics of this strain revealed that it was a filamentous fungus similar to Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius. However, because of the difference in utilization of Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) and the following points, this strain is a new species. Judged to be equivalent.

・ Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) can be assimilated, but Earthrobotris sp.TF001 cannot be assimilated Adonitol, arbutin, D-arabinose, D-glucosamine, D-melibiose, formic acid, I-erythritol, inulin, L- Arabinose, L-aspartic acid, maltose, methyl succinate, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, thuranose, α-methyl D-glucoside, γ-aminobutyric acid

・ Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) cannot be assimilated, but Arthrobotrys sp.TF001 can be assimilated. acid

Arthrobotris sp.TF003 is a microorganism isolated from field soil, and its mycological properties are as follows.
(1) Ecological properties This strain is a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Arthrobotris, has a septum in the hyphae, and conidia are two cells and are oval.
(2) Properties on various media 1) The color of the malt extract medium colony is white and cottony.
2) The color of the potato dextrose medium colony is white and cottony.
3) The color of the Czapek medium colony is white and cottony.
(3) Physiological properties Arbutin, D-arabinose, D-arabitol, dextrin, D-psicose, D-sorbitol, D-trehalose, formic acid, gentiobiose, inulin, L-arabinose, L-glutamic acid, L-rhamnose, L- It assimilate sorbose, maltotriose, salicin, sucrose, succinic acid, α-D-glucose and β-methyl D-glucoside.

  This strain, Arthrobotris sp. TF003, has been deposited at the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the deposit number FERM P-19283. The morphological characteristics of this strain revealed that it was a filamentous fungus similar to Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius. However, because of the difference in utilization of Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) and the following points, this strain is a new species. Judged to be equivalent.

・ Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) can be assimilated, but Earthrobotris sp.TF003 cannot be assimilated
2-keto-D-gluconic acid, D-ribose, D-xylose, L-aspartic acid, L-malic acid, L-proline, maltitol, methyl succinate, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, Twain 80, Chula North, α-ketoglutaric acid, α-methyl D-glucoside, γ-aminobutyric acid

・ Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) cannot be assimilated, but Arthrobotrys sp.TF003 can be assimilated Cellobiose, D-galactose, D-raffinose, D-sorbitol, gentiobiose, L-sorbose, palatinose, salicin, succinic acid

Arthrobotris sp. TF006 is a microorganism isolated from field soil, and its mycological properties are as follows.
(1) Ecological properties This strain is a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Arthrobotris, has a septum in the hyphae, and conidia are two cells and are oval.
(2) Properties on various media 1) The color of the malt extract medium colony is white and cottony.
2) The color of the potato dextrose medium colony is white and cottony.
3) The color of the Czapek medium colony is white and cottony.
(3) Physiological properties Amidagrine, arbutin, cellobiose D-galactose, D-melibiose, D-raffinose, D-trehalose, fumaric acid, gentiobiose, L-glutamic acid, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, palatinose, salicin, sucrose Succinic acid, α-D-glucose, α-keto-glutamic acid, α-methyl D-glucoside are assimilated well.

  This strain, Arthrobotris sp. TF006, has been deposited with the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology under the deposit number FERM P-19284. The morphological characteristics of this strain revealed that it was a filamentous fungus similar to Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius. However, because of the difference in utilization of Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) and the following points, this strain is a new species. Judged to be equivalent.

-Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) can be assimilated, but Arthrobotris sp.TF006 cannot be assimilated Acetic acid, adonitol, D-arabinose, D-glucosamine, D-mannitol, D-ribose, D-xylose, formic acid, Glycerol, I-erythritol, L-arabinose, L-malic acid, L-proline, L-rhamnose, maltitol, maltotriose, methyl succinate, thuranose, twain 80, β-methyl D-glucoside, γ-amino Butyric acid

・ Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius (NBRC32247) cannot be assimilated, but Arthrobotrys sp.TF006 can be assimilated.

  The nematode damage-inhibiting microorganism used in the present invention can be selected from the above-mentioned nematode egg-parasitic microorganisms and nematode-predating microorganisms, or can be selected and used in combination. However, it is particularly preferable to use a combination of nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and nematode predatory microorganisms.

  In other words, the nematode egg parasitic microorganism is a microorganism that specifically infests nematode eggs and cannot parasitize adult nematodes, while the nematode predatory microorganisms prey on nematode adults and thus prey on nematode eggs. I can't. That is, only the nematode egg parasitic microorganisms can be expected to suppress only nematode eggs, while the nematode predatory microorganisms alone can only be expected to suppress only nematode adults. Therefore, the inhibitory effect can be exerted on both nematode eggs and adult nematodes by combining nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and nematode predatory microorganisms. In addition, as a synergistic effect, nematode predatory microorganisms quickly feed on adult nematodes that have hatched from nematode eggs that have escaped from the infestation of nematode egg parasitic microorganisms, and nematode egg parasitic microorganisms infest the nematode eggs. The nematode density present in the soil can be reduced to a density below the predation limit of nematode predatory microorganisms.

In order to produce the nematode-damaging microorganism material of the present invention, first, nematode-damaging microorganisms are cultured.
Any culture method can be used as long as each nematode-damaging microorganism can grow and proliferate.

  In this culture, the viable count of nematode-damaging microorganisms can be significantly increased by adding cellulose and / or cellulose derivatives to the medium. As cellulose and cellulose derivatives, cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, and other substances containing cellulose such as paper, waste paper, pulp, sawdust, etc. can be used. It is particularly preferred to use it.

  The nematode damage-inhibiting microorganisms thus propagated can be used as nematode damage-inhibiting microorganism materials as they are. However, the nematode damage-inhibiting microorganisms are added to a substrate material composed of an organic substrate and / or mineral, and the nematode damage-inhibiting microorganisms are added to the substrate It is preferable to use a material fixed on the material. By including an organic substrate and a mineral substance, effects such as a significant increase in the growth of nematode-damaging microorganisms, the maintenance of the number of viable bacteria, and stability are brought about.

  Examples of organic substrates include plant organic substances such as rice bran, bran, rapeseed oil cake, soybean meal, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, and moving organic substances such as steamed leather powder, steamed hoof horn, crab, etc. Rice bran, bran, carboxymethyl cellulose It is preferable to use steamed leather powder or steamed hoof angle.

  Examples of mineral substances include vermiculite, zeolite, pearlite, etc. Among these, vermiculite and zeolite are preferably used.

  The nematode damage suppressing microbial material of the present invention thus obtained is applied to a field to suppress plant parasitic nematode damage. In use, it is applied to the field before planting the crop, or applied to the planting hole when planting the crop.

The nematode damage-controlling microbial material of the present invention can be used alone, but any suitable solid carrier, liquid carrier, emulsifying and dispersing agent, etc. can be used such as granules, powders, tablets, emulsions and wettable powders. Can be used in any shape. Moreover, the said material can be used with an inorganic fertilizer, an organic fertilizer, a herbicide, soil, etc., and it can be set as a fertilizer, soil improvement material, seedling culture soil, etc. At this time, in the product obtained by mixing with a single material or other raw materials, nematode egg parasitic microorganisms and nematode predatory microorganisms only need to have a sufficient number of bacteria to exert nematode damage suppression effect, preferably Is 10 ⁵ CFU / g or more, particularly preferably 10 ⁶ CFU / g or more. Moreover, a nematode damage inhibitory effect can be heightened by using together the auxiliary material which consists of steamed leather powder, a steamed hoof angle, and / or a crab at the time of use of the nematode damage suppression microbe material of this invention. These sub-materials can be prepared by adding them to the nematode damage-controlling microbial material, but can be applied at different times separately from the nematode-damage microbial material. The application time can be applied in advance and / or after the application of the nematode-damaging microbial material of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Example 1) Culture of Paecilomyces sp.EP001 Aseptically inoculating egg parasite fungus Paecilomyces sp.EP001 into a 250 mL MPS liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) using a platinum loop and culturing at 30 ° C. for 1 week. The number of bacteria was 1.4 × 10 ⁹ CFU / mL. The MPS liquid medium had a composition of 20.0 g of malt extract, 1.0 g of peptone, and 20.0 g of sucrose per liter, and the medium pH was adjusted to 6.8.

(Example 2) Culture of Paecilomyces sp. EP002 Aseptically inoculating the egg parasite Paecilomyces sp. EP002 into 250 mL of MPS liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) using a platinum loop, and culturing at 30 ° C for 1 week. The number of bacteria was 3.2 × 10 ⁹ CFU / mL.

(Example 3) Culture of Paecilomyces sp. EP015 Aseptically inoculate egg parasite Paecilomyces sp. EP015 into 250 mL of MPS liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) using a platinum loop and cultured at 30 ° C for 1 week. The number of bacteria was 2.6 × 10 ⁹ CFU / mL.

(Example 4) Cultivation of Arthrobotris sp. TF001 Aseptically inoculated with 250 ml of tomato juice liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) using a platinum loop, and cultured at 27 ° C for 1 week. . The number of bacteria was 5.2 × 10 ⁵ CFU / mL. In addition, tomato juice liquid medium is a liquid medium in which tomato juice extract is diluted 5-fold, and tomato juice extract is added with 600 mL of distilled water and 4.5 g of calcium carbonate to 400 mL of commercially available vegetable tomato juice (with salt) and stirred. Thereafter, the supernatant is centrifuged.

(Example 5) Cultivation of Arthrobotris sp. TF003 Aseptically inoculated with 250 ml of tomato juice liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) using a platinum loop, and cultured at 27 ° C for 1 week. . The number of bacteria was 6.2 × 10 ⁵ CFU / mL.

(Example 6) Cultivation of Arthrobotris sp. TF006 Aseptically inoculated with 250 ml of tomato juice liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) using a platinum ear, and cultured at 27 ° C for 1 week. . The number of bacteria was 4.3 × 10 ⁵ CFU / mL.

(Example 7) Examination of carbon compound containing cellulose derivative (1) Test method Examples 1 to 6 except that the following test materials were added to each medium (added 5 parts to 100 parts by weight of the medium). Similarly, each strain was cultured.
Test materials:
Acetyl cellulose Propionate cellulose Acetate cellulose Carboxymethyl cellulose

(2) Test results Table 1 shows the number of bacteria after culture. All the bacterial strains grew in comparison with Examples 1 to 6 to which no test material was added.

(Example 8) Examination of organic substrate (1) Test method Tomato juice to which carboxymethyl cellulose (1 part added to 100 parts by weight of medium) was added aseptically using a platinum loop as a predatory fungus, Earthrobotris sp. Inoculated into 250 mL of liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) and cultured at 27 ° C. for 1 week. Next, the bacterial solution after culture (the number of bacteria: 9.1 × 10 ⁷ CFU / mL) was added to bran, rapeseed oil meal, or rice bran and left at 25 ° C. The number of bacteria per year was confirmed every 4 weeks after inoculation.

(2) Test results Table 2 shows changes with time in the number of bacteria. When added to any organic substrate, the decrease in the number of bacteria over time was small. In particular, when added to rice bran, the degree of decrease in the number of bacteria was small, and the result was stable and maintained even after one year.

(Example 9) Examination of mineral substances (1) Test method Aseptically inoculating predatory fungus Earth Robotis sp. TF001 with platinum ears into 250 mL of a tomato juice liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) supplemented with CM-cellulose, Cultured at 27 ° C for 1 week. Next, the cultured bacterial solution (number of bacteria 9.1 × 10 ⁷ CFU / mL) is converted into vermiculite, zeolite, vermiculite / zeolite equivalent mixture, perlite or isolite (0.5 parts of bacterial solution added to 100 parts by weight of mineral) Added and left at 25 ° C. The number of bacteria per year was confirmed every 4 weeks after inoculation.

(2) Test results Table 3 shows changes in the number of bacteria over time. When added to any mineral, the decrease in the number of bacteria over time was small. In particular, when added to the vermiculite / zeolite mixture, the number of bacteria decreased little, and the result was stable and maintained after one year.

(Example 10) Testing of materials blended with each material (1) Test method Aseptically adding carboxymethylcellulose (addition of 1 part to 100 parts by weight of culture medium) with Astrobotris sp. Tomato juice liquid medium 250 mL (Sakaguchi flask) was inoculated and cultured at 27 ° C. for 1 week. Next, the cultured bacterial solution (number of bacteria 9.1 × 10 ⁷ CFU / mL) is mixed with the equivalent of fuma-vermiculite material, fuma-zeolite material, fuma-vermiculite / zeolite equivalent material, rapeseed oil cake-vermiculite material, rapeseed oil cake-zeolite Add to material, rapeseed oil cake-vermiculite / zeolite mixed material, rice bran-vermiculite material, rice bran-zeolite material or rice bran-vermiculite / zeolite mixed material (0.5 parts fungus added to 100 parts by weight of material), Left at 25 ° C. The number of bacteria 4 weeks after inoculation was confirmed.

米糠-バーミキュライト・ゼオライト等量混合資材が最も優れた。 (2) Test results

A mixture of equal amounts of rice bran-vermiculite and zeolite was the best.

(Example 11) Inhibitory effect test of nematode-damaging microbial material (1) Test method Aseptically using a platinum ear, Paecilomyces sp.EP001, Paecilomyces sp.EP002, Paecilomyces sp.EP015 were added with dextrin and carboxymethylcellulose, respectively ( Add 1 part to 100 parts by weight of medium) 250 mL of MPS liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask), 250 mL of tomato juice liquid medium with carboxymethylcellulose added to each of S. TF001, S. TF003, S. TF003, and S. TF006 (Sakaguchi flask) was inoculated and cultured at 27 ° C for 1 week. Next, each bacterial solution after culture was inoculated into a substrate material (100: 5) composed of a mixture of equal amounts of fuma vermiculite and zeolite and left at 25 ° C. for 4 weeks to prepare nematode damage-controlling microbial materials.

  On the other hand, 150 g of vermiculite was added to field soil (light colored black soil) previously sterilized by dry heat (160 ° C. for 5 hours) to 2.5 L. Next, add inorganic fertilizer (ammonium sulfate: 4 g / pot, lime perphosphate: 8 g / pot, vulcanized: 4 g / pot), mix well, fill into 1 / 5000a Wagner pot, and add 1.5 L of water. . The test plots shown in Table 5 were set, each hole was dug, and each nematode damage control microbial material was added. At this time, for the control groups 1 and 2, materials not inoculated with the strain were added.

  One cucumber seedling was transplanted per pot in each pot. One week later, a 3 cm hole was made at a distance of 3 cm from the seedling stock, and 1 mL of root-knot nematode extract (about 500 / mL) was inoculated (except for control group 1). Changes in the subsequent growth period were observed. Cultivation tests were conducted in 5 series.

Test results The results of the tests are as shown in Table 6. The Nekob index is a numerical value determined according to the following criteria.
0: No hump
1: There are rare roots when you look carefully
2: There are few root bumps throughout the root system
3: Root bumps are moderate throughout the root system
4: Root bumps are continuous in the root (Nekob index) = [(Total Nekob index of each stock) ÷ (Number of surveyed strains x 4)] x 100

試験区は対照2のネコブ指数、線虫密度よりも低くなった。

The test plot was lower than the Nekob index and nematode density of Control 2.

(Example 12) Test for effect of combined use of nematode-damaging microbial materials (1) Test method Aseptically using a platinum ear, Paecilomyces sp.EP001, Paecilomyces sp.EP002, Paecilomyces sp.EP015 are each 250 mL of MPS liquid medium (Sakaguchi Flask), Arthrobotris sp.TF001, Arthrobotris sp.TF003, and Arthrobotris sp.TF006 added to each carboxymethylcellulose (add 1 part to 100 parts by weight of medium) to 250 mL of tomato juice liquid medium (Sakaguchi flask) Inoculated and cultured at 27 ° C. for 1 week. Next, inoculate each bacterial solution after culturing into substrate material (100: 5) consisting of equal amounts of fuma vermiculite / zeolite, leave it at 25 ° C for 4 weeks, and mix the same amount to control nematode damage. Microbial material was used.

  Add 150g of vermiculite to dry soil (160 ° C for 5 hours) and add up to 2.5L of field soil, then add fertilizer (ammonium sulfate: 4g / pot, lime superphosphate: 8g / pot) , Sulfur: 4 g / pot) was added. The test plots shown in Table 7 were set, and the combined materials specified respectively were added, mixed well, and then filled into a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot.

  After adding 1.5 L of water for each, it was left in a glass greenhouse for 2 weeks. A planting hole was dug, and 10 g of nematode-damaging microorganism material was added to the planting hole. At this time, for the control groups 1 and 2, 10 g of a substrate material not inoculated with bacteria was added instead of the nematode-damaging microorganism material. One cucumber seedling was transplanted per pot in each pot. One week later, a 3 cm hole was made at a distance of 3 cm from the seedling stock, and 1 mL of root-knot nematode extract (about 500 heads / mL) was inoculated (except for control group 1). Changes in the subsequent growth period were observed. Cultivation tests were conducted in 5 series.

試験区は対照2〜6のネコブ指数、線虫密度よりも低くなった。 (2) Test results The results of the tests are as shown in Table 8.

The test plot was lower than the Nekob index and nematode density of controls 2-6.

Claims (9)

  (i) Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 or Paecilomyces sp. EP015, which is parasitic on nematode eggs and has the ability to suppress nematode damage. A nematode-damaging microorganism material comprising one or more nematode-damaging microorganisms selected from the group of sp.TF001, Earth-Robotris sp.TF003, or Earth-Robotris sp.TF006.   A microbial material, wherein the nematode-damaging microorganism according to claim 1 is fixed to one or more substrate materials selected from organic substrates and minerals. (i) Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 or Paecilomyces sp. EP015, which is parasitic on nematode eggs and has the ability to suppress nematode damage. sp.TF001, Arthrobotris sp.TF003, or Arthrobotris sp.TF006, one or more nematode-damaging microorganisms selected from the group consisting of cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, acetylcellulose, cellulose propionate or butyrate A method for producing a nematode-damaging microbial material characterized by being obtained by culturing in a medium containing one or more of a cellulose derivative selected from the group of, or a substance containing cellulose selected from paper, pulp, and sawdust . (i) Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 or Paecilomyces sp. EP015, which is parasitic on nematode eggs and has the ability to suppress nematode damage. sp.TF001, Arthrobotris sp.TF003, or Arthrobotris sp.TF006, one or more nematode-damaging microorganisms selected from the group consisting of cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, acetylcellulose, cellulose propionate or butyrate A culture obtained by culturing in a medium containing one or more of a cellulose derivative selected from the group of, or a substance containing cellulose selected from paper, pulp, and sawdust is selected from organic substrates and minerals Nematode damage characterized by being added to one or more kinds of substrate materials, and the nematode damage-controlling microorganisms are fixed on the substrate material Method of manufacturing a control microbial material.   (i) Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 or Paecilomyces sp. EP015, which is parasitic on nematode eggs and has the ability to suppress nematode damage. A plant parasitic property characterized by using a nematode-controlling microbial material including one or more nematode-controlling microorganisms selected from the group of sp.TF001, Earth-Robotris sp.TF003, or Earth-Robotris sp.TF006 How to control nematode damage.   (i) Paecilomyces sp. EP001, Paecilomyces sp. EP002 or Paecilomyces sp. EP015, which is parasitic on nematode eggs and has the ability to suppress nematode damage. One or more nematode-damaging microorganisms selected from the group of sp.TF001, Earth Robotis sp.TF003 or Earth Robotis sp.TF006, one or more selected from organic substrates and minerals A method for suppressing plant parasitic nematode damage, comprising using a nematode damage-controlling microbial material established on a substrate material.   The plant parasitic nematode damage characterized by using together the nematode damage suppression microorganism material of Claim 5 or Claim 6, and 1 type, or 2 or more types of materials selected from steamed leather powder, steam hoof angle, and crab. Suppression method.   Paecilomyces sp.EP001, Paecilomyces sp.EP002 or Paecilomyces sp.EP015, which has the ability to suppress nematode damage by infesting nematode eggs.   Earth Robotis sp.TF001, Earth Robotris sp.TF003 or Earth Robotris sp.TF006, which prey on nematodes and has the ability to suppress nematode damage.