JP4625916B2

JP4625916B2 - Water heater

Info

Publication number: JP4625916B2
Application number: JP2001113468A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 真也中島; 邦典鈴木
Original assignee: パロマ工業株式会社
Priority date: 2001-04-12
Filing date: 2001-04-12
Publication date: 2011-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2021-04-12
Also published as: JP2002310503A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、温度調節操作部の高温側への手動操作と機械的に連動して出湯量を減少させ、低温側への手動操作と機械的に連動して出湯量を増加させる水量調節手段を備えた湯沸器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から、主に台所等で使用される元止め式瞬間湯沸器としては、その正面に温度調節ツマミとガス量調節レバーとが設けられ、この温度調節ツマミを回し操作することにより出湯量が調節され、ガス量調節レバーを左右に操作することによりガス供給量が調節されるものが知られている。ガス量調節は、バーナへのガス供給量を調節するガス量調節軸により行われ、出湯量調節は、熱交換器への通水量（以下、内胴通過水量）は一定に保ったまま熱交換器をバイパスするバイパス管への通水量（以下、バイパス水量）を調節する水量調節軸により行なわれる。
【０００３】
こうした湯沸器では、ガス量調節レバーは操作せずに温度調節ツマミのみを操作すると、ガス供給量は変化させずに、内胴通過水量を一定に保ったまま、バイパス水量を変化させることによって出湯温を調節することができる。この場合には、出湯温を高くした時にはバイパス水量が少なくなるために出湯量は減少し、出湯温を低くした時にはバイパス水量が多くなるために出湯量は増加する。
また、温度調節ツマミは操作せずにガス量調節レバーのみを操作すると、出湯量（内胴通過水量＋バイパス水量）は変化させずに、ガス供給量のみを変化させることによって出湯温を調節することができる。この場合、夏場等の入水温が高い時には、ガス供給量を増加させすぎると内胴通過水が沸騰してしまうという問題があり、また冬場等の入水温が低い時には、ガス供給量を絞りすぎると熱交換器でドレンが発生してしまうという問題があった。
このため、従来の湯沸器では、内胴通過水量は、ガス供給能力最大時（例えば、９６００ｋｃａｌ／ｈ）で入水温が３０℃の時に内胴通過水が沸騰しないように設計されている。そしてガス供給能力最小値は、この内胴通過水量で入水温が５℃の時にドレンが発生しない限界値となるように設計されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、最近では湯沸器の熱効率を向上させたいという要求が高まり、この要求に応えようとするとさらにドレンの発生しないガス供給調節範囲が狭くなってしまう。すなわち、熱効率を向上させるためには、熱交換器の伝熱面積、つまりフィン枚数を増やせばよいが、従来の湯沸器では、内胴通過水量が常に一定であるため、能力小（例えば、４８００ｋｃａｌ／ｈ）の時には能力大時に比べて内胴通過水量に対する相対的な加熱量が小さいことから、フィンの温度が低くなり特に低入水温（例えば、５℃）時にドレンが発生しやすくなっている。このため、ドレンを発生させることなく伝熱面積を広くしようとすると、能力小時の加熱量を増加させなければならず、ガス供給調節範囲が狭くなり要求される出湯温調節の幅を確保できない。この結果、熱効率向上の要求に応えることができなかった。
尚、上述した湯沸器のほかにも、温度調節ツマミの回し操作に連動してガス量調節軸が回転し、出湯量調節とガス量調節とが連動して行なわれるタイプの湯沸器も知られている。しかしながら、このガス量−出湯量連動タイプの湯沸器においても、温度調節ツマミによる出湯量の調節に関しては、内胴通過水量を一定に保ったままバイパス水量を変化させることによっておこなっているため、同様の問題が生じている。
本発明の湯沸器は上記課題を解決し、入水温の変化によるドレンの発生と内胴通過水の沸騰とを防止しつつ、熱効率向上の要求に応えることを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決する本発明の請求項１記載の湯沸器は、
バーナの燃焼熱により通水を加熱する熱交換器と、
上記熱交換器へ水を供給する給水路と、
上記熱交換器から湯を送出する出湯路と、
上記熱交換器をバイパスして給水路と出湯路とを連通するバイパス路と、
上記バーナへのガスの供給量を調節するガス量調節手段と、
出湯温度を調節する温度調節操作部と、
上記温度調節操作部の高温側への手動操作と機械的に連動して出湯量を減少させ、低温側への手動操作と機械的に連動して出湯量を増加させる水量調節手段とを備えた湯沸器において、
低入水温時には、上記熱交換器への通水量を減少させ、高入水温時には、上記熱交換器への通水量を増加させる入水温連動水量補正手段を設け、
上記入水温連動水量補正手段は、上記熱交換器への通水量と上記バイパス路への通水量との総量は変化させずに、上記熱交換器と上記バイパス路への通水量の比率を調節することを要旨とする。
【０００７】
また、本発明の請求項２記載の湯沸器は、上記請求項１記載の湯沸器において、
上記入水温連動水量補正手段は、温度によってバネ定数が変化する形状記憶合金製のバネを用い、入水温に応じて、該バネによる荷重の変化によって、上記熱交換器への通水路の断面積と上記バイパス路への通水路の断面積とを変化させることを要旨とする。
【０００８】
また、本発明の請求項３記載の湯沸器は、上記請求項１又は２記載の湯沸器において、
上記水量調節手段は、上記給水路への開口面積を決める水量給水スリットと上記バイパス路への開口面積を決める水量バイパススリットとを備えた円筒状の水量調節回転軸を有し、
上記入水温連動補正手段は、上記水量給水スリットと重なる位置に補正給水スリットを、上記水量バイパススリットと重なる位置に補正バイパススリットを備えた円筒状の補正軸を有し、該補正軸の上記水量調節回転軸に対する相対位置が入水温に応じてずれるように構成されていることを要旨とする。
【０００９】
上記構成を有する本発明の請求項１記載の湯沸器は、水量調節手段が、温度調節操作部の高温側への手動操作と機械的に連動して出湯量を減少させ、低温側への手動操作と機械的に連動して出湯量を増加させるが、更に、この出湯量調節は入水温連動水量補正手段により自動補正される。つまり、入水温連動水量補正手段が、低入水温時には、熱交換器への通水量を減少させることによって、熱交換器でのドレンの発生を抑制し、高入水温時には、熱交換器への通水量を増加させることによって、熱交換器内での沸騰を抑制する。
【００１０】
さらに、入水温連動水量補正手段が、熱交換器への通水量とバイパス路への通水量との総量は変化させずに、低入水温時には熱交換器への比率を大きくし、高入水温時には熱交換器への比率を小さくすることにより、出湯量を一定に保ったまま、低入水温時における熱交換器でのドレンの発生と、高入水温時における熱交換器内での沸騰とを抑制することができる。
【００１１】
また、本発明の請求項２記載の湯沸器は、形状記憶合金製のバネの荷重が入水温に応じて変化するので、この力の変化により熱交換器への通水路の断面積とバイパス路への通水路の断面積とを変化させることによって、入水温の変化に応じて、熱交換器への通水量とバイパス路への通水量とを共に変化させることができる。
【００１２】
また、本発明の請求項３記載の湯沸器は、円筒状の水量調節回転軸が回転すると水量給水スリットと水量バイパススリットの位置が移動して、給水路への開口面積とバイパス路への開口面積が変化することによって出湯量が変えられる。更に、入水温に応じて、円筒状の補正軸の水量調節回転軸に対する相対位置がずれて、補正軸に設けられた補正給水スリットと補正バイパススリットの位置が移動することによって、入水温の変化に応じて、熱交換器への通水量とバイパス路への通水量とを共に変化させる。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以上説明した本発明の構成・作用を一層明らかにするために、以下本発明の湯沸器の好適な実施形態について説明する。
【００１４】
図１は、一実施形態としての元止め式瞬間湯沸器１００の概略構成図であり、図２は、湯沸器１００の外観図である。
器具正面には、点消火操作，水量調節及び出湯温調節するための操作ボタン１と、ガス量調節レバー２１とが設けられる。操作ボタン１は、プッシュ式ボタンではあるものの回動自在に設けられ、点消火操作はプッシュ操作により、出湯温調節及び水量調節は回し操作により行われる。器具本体ケースには、操作ボタン１の周囲に温調用の目盛りが印刷されており、操作ボタン１のツマミ１ａをあわすことにより出湯温及び水量が無段階調節される。
【００１５】
器具本体内には、図１に示すように操作ボタン１のプッシュ操作に連動して動作するレバー２と、このレバー２の動作によりＯＮ／ＯＦＦするレバースイッチ２８が設けられる。
水入口９からの給水経路には、操作ボタン１による手動操作によってレバー２を介して流路を開閉する水栓８が設けられ、その下流には水圧応動装置１０が設けられる。水圧応動装置１０には、前後に移動自在なダイアフラム２２が設けられ、このダイアフラム２２で仕切って一次圧室１２と二次圧室１７とが形成される。
また、水圧応動装置１０の一次圧室１２への入路には、ダイアフラム２２と同軸上に、給水圧の変動が生じても一定流量以下に制限する水ガバナ１１が設けられる。
また、一次圧室１２から続く流路には、水量調節部２５が設けられる。この水量調節部２５についての詳細は後述する。
水量調節部２５で流路は２方向に分岐され、一方には熱交換器１６への給水管３３が、もう一方には熱交換器１６からの出湯管３５に接続されるバイパス管３４が設けられる。尚、熱交換器１６を通ってきた水（内胴通過水）とバイパス管３４を通ってきた水（バイパス水）が混合した後のトータル水量（内胴通過水量＋バイパス水量）が出湯量である。
【００１６】
給水管３３の途中にはベンチュリー１５が設けられる。ベンチュリー１５は、流路を絞ると共に、流路と直角方向に横孔が設けられ水圧応動装置１０の二次圧室１７に通じている。ベンチュリー１５へ通水されると、ベンチュリー効果によって横孔の水圧に応じて二次圧室１７の圧力が低下する。
従って、一次圧室１２と二次圧室１７間に差圧が生じて、前後に変位自在なダイアフラム２２に変位力（前進力）を（図の左方向へ）発生させる。
また、ダイアフラム２２には、その変位を伝える突棒１８がダイアフラム２２に当接して設けられる。そして、突棒１８の両側には突棒１８の動作に連動して、ＯＮ／ＯＦＦする水圧スイッチＡ２６，水圧スイッチＢ２７が設けられる。
【００１７】
熱交換器１６を加熱するメインバーナ２０へのガス供給経路には、燃焼中に１次熱電対２３と２次熱電対２４の合成熱起電力によって開弁状態を保ち、燃焼異常が発生すれば合成熱起電力が低下することにより閉弁するマグネット安全弁３が設けられる。また、この下流には、水圧応動装置１０と連動してガス流路を開閉する水圧応動弁１９が設けられ、更に下流には、操作ボタン１のプッシュ操作によってガス流路を開閉する器具栓４が設けられる。
また、器具栓４下流の流路は分岐され、燃焼状態を検出するセンシングバーナ７への流路と、メインバーナ２０に通じる流路とが設けられる。メインバーナ２０へ通じる流路には、供給ガス圧の変動が生じてもガス流量を一定に保つガスガバナ２９とメインバーナ２０へのガス供給量を調節するガス量調節軸３１が設けられる。ガス量調節軸３１はガス量調節レバー２１を左側の能力小の位置から右側の能力大の位置まで動かすことによって無段階で操作される。
また、メインバーナ２０には、連続スパークによりメインバーナ２０に点火する電極５と点火を検知するフレームロッド３０が設けられる。
【００１８】
次に、出湯操作について説明する。
操作ボタン１を押すと、レバースイッチ２８がＯＮしレバー２に連動して器具栓４及び水栓８が開き通水が開始される。
水入口９より流入した水はストレーナ６、水ガバナ１１、一次圧室１２を通り水量調節部２５より、一方は給水管３３を経て熱交換器１６へ、他方はバイパス管３４を通って出湯管３５からの湯と混合される。
【００１９】
ベンチュリー１５を通ることにより二次圧室１７の圧力を下げ一次圧室１２との差圧によりダイアフラム２２が二次圧室１７側に動作し、突棒１８を押し、これに係止されたマグネット開弁機構１４によりマグネット安全弁３が開弁すると同時に水圧スイッチＡ２６がＯＮする。マグネット安全弁３が全開になるとマグネット開弁機構１４は突棒１８より離脱しマグネット安全弁３の閉弁時に邪魔にならない所定の位置まで戻る。更に突棒１８が押されると水圧応動弁１９が開き、それと同時に水圧スイッチＢ２７がＯＮし電極５からの連続スパークによりメインバーナ２０及びセンシングバーナ７に着火する。メインバーナ２０に着火すれば点火初期にはフレームロッド３０が検知してマグネット安全弁３の開弁状態を維持し、一定時間経過後には１次熱電対２３と２次熱電対２４の合成熱起電力によって開弁状態が維持され、燃焼が維持される。
出湯状態において再度、操作ボタン１を押すと、レバー２に連動している器具栓４及び水栓８が閉じ、ガス通路及び水通路を遮断し出湯を停止する。
【００２０】
次に、水量調節部２５について詳述する。
水量調節部２５は、図３及び図４に示すように、内側に円筒状の水量調節軸１３、外側に円筒状の比率調節軸３２を同軸上に回動可能に重ね合わせた２重管を水路管３６内に収納して構成され、水量調節軸１３の内側が給水経路の一部となる。この水路管３６には、分岐管として給水管３３とバイパス管３４とが設けられている。図４は、水路管３６内に水量調節軸１３と比率調節軸３２とを収納した際の、図３中の一点鎖線Ａ−Ａでの断面図である。そして、水量調節軸１３と比率調節軸３２との間には、温度によってバネ定数が変化する形状記憶合金製のバネ３７（以下、ＳＭＡバネ３７と呼ぶ）が設けられ、比率調節軸３２と水路管３６との間には、温度によってバネ定数が変化しないいわゆる普通のバネであるバイアスバネ３８が設けられる。すなわち、比率調節軸３２の位置は、ＳＭＡバネ３７による荷重とバイアスバネ３８による荷重とがつりあった位置となる。水量調節軸１３には、リーク孔３９が設けられており、水量調節軸１３と比率調節軸３２との接触面及び比率調節軸３２と水路管３６との接触面には、若干の隙間が存在するため、それらを通る細い水通路が形成されるので、ＳＭＡバネ３７の周りは常に水量調節軸１３を通って流れていく水によって満たされる。従って、ＳＭＡバネ３７は常に入水温と同じ温度に維持される。
水量調節軸１３の水路管３６とは反対側の先端には、水量ギヤ１３Ａが設けられる。この水量ギヤ１３Ａは、操作ボタン１に設けられた連動ギヤ１Ａと噛合しており、操作ボタン１の回し操作に連動して水量調節軸１３を回転させる。また、水量調節軸１３と水路管３６との間にＯリング１３Ｂをはめこむことにより水密が保たれる。
【００２１】
水量調節軸１３には、給水管３３への開口（以下、給水開口）面積を調節する水量給水スリット１３ａと、バイパス管３４への開口（以下バイパス開口）面積を調節する水量バイパススリット１３ｂが設けられる。同様に比率調節軸３２には、給水開口面積を調節する比率給水スリット３２ａと、バイパス開口面積を調節する比率バイパススリット３２ｂが設けられる。水量給水スリット１３ａと比率給水スリット３２ａと給水管３３の開口とが重なり合うことによって給水開口面積が規定される。また、水量バイパススリット１３ｂと比率バイパススリット３２ｂとバイパス管３４の開口とが重なり合うことによってバイパス開口面積が規定される。
【００２２】
給水管３３への流量は、水量給水スリット１３ａ、比率給水スリット３２ａ、給水管３３が内側から外側に向かって重なり合っているため、水量給水スリット１３ａと比率給水スリット３２ａの重なりと比率給水スリット３２ａと給水管３３の重なりとの小さい方の面積によって規定される。この流量を規定する面積が、給水開口面積である。また、バイパス管３４への流量も同様に考えられ、水量バイパススリット１３ｂと比率バイパススリット３２ｂの重なりと比率バイパススリット３２ｂとバイパス管３４の重なりとの小さい方の面積によって規定される。この流量を規定する面積が、バイパス開口面積である。
【００２３】
次に、給水開口面積とバイパス開口面積の変化について説明する。
まず、入水温が一定で、水量調節軸１３を回転させた時について説明する。操作ボタン１を低温側から高温側に回していくと水量調節軸１３が回転し、水量調節軸１３に設けられた水量給水スリット１３ａと水量バイパススリット１３ｂが移動する。この際、操作ボタン１のツマミ１ａの位置が所定の位置になるまでは、給水開口面積は一定で、バイパス開口面積が減少し、所定の位置を過ぎると、バイパス開口面積が０になり給水開口面積が減少するように水量給水スリット１３ａと水量バイパススリット１３ｂの形状が決められている。
従って、例えば、入水温が２５℃の時の流量特性のグラフ（図５）に示すように、ツマミ１ａ位置を低温から高温設定としての目盛３の位置まで回し操作すると、内胴通過水量は一定に保たれたまま、バイパス水量が減少する。そして、３の位置を過ぎて更に高温側に回し操作すると、バイパス水量は０に保たれたまま、内胴通過水量が減少する。
【００２４】
次に、操作ボタン１による水量調節は行わずに、入水温が変化した場合について説明する。
ＳＭＡバネ３７は、温度が高いとバネ定数が大きくなるので、入水温が高いすなわちＳＭＡバネ３７の温度が高い時には、比率調節軸３２にかかるＳＭＡバネ３７の荷重が大きくなって、比率調節軸３２の位置が水量給水スリット１３ａ，水量バイパススリット１３ｂの動きに対して直交する方向（水量調節軸１３の軸方向）でバイアスバネ３８側（図４中では左側）に少しずれる。この際、給水開口面積とバイパス開口面積の総和は変わらずに、給水開口面積の比率が大きくなって、バイパス開口面積の比率が小さくなるように、比率給水スリット３２ａと比率バイパススリット３２ｂの形状が決められている。
入水温が低いすなわちＳＭＡバネ３７の温度が低いときには、ＳＭＡバネ３７のバネ定数が小さくなるので、比率調節軸３２にかかるＳＭＡバネ３７の荷重が小さくなって、比率調節軸３２の位置がＳＭＡバネ３７側（図４中では右側）に少しずれる。この際、給水開口面積とバイパス開口面積の総和は変わらずに、給水開口面積の比率が小さくなって、バイパス開口面積の比率が大きくなるように、比率給水スリット３２ａと比率バイパススリット３２ｂの形状が決められている。
【００２５】
上述した湯沸器１００による入水温が２５℃時の流量特性のグラフを図５に、出湯特性のグラフを図６に示し、入水温が５℃時の流量特性のグラフを図７に、出湯温特性のグラフを図８に示す。
入水温が低い（５℃）時には、高い（２５℃）時と比べると、トータル水量（内動通過水量＋バイパス水量）を一定に保ったまま、内胴通過水量を減少させ、バイパス水量を増加させることができるので、能力小（ガス供給量が少ない）で入水温が低い時においても内胴出口温をドレンが発生する温度よりも高温に維持することができる。このようにしてドレン発生を抑制することにより器具の耐久性を増すことができる。さらに、ドレン発生に対する余裕度が広がるので、熱交換器１６のフィンの枚数を増やし伝熱面積を増やして熱効率を向上させることが可能となる。
逆に、入水温が高い（２５℃）時には、低い（５℃）時に比べると、トータル水量を一定に保ったまま、内胴通過水量を増加させ、バイパス水量を減少させることができるので、能力大（ガス供給量が多い）で入水温が高い時においても内胴出口温を内胴通過水が沸騰するよりも低温に維持することができる。このようにして内胴通過水の沸騰を抑制することにより出湯特性を向上させることができより使い勝手が良い器具となる。さらに、沸騰に対する余裕度が広がるので、熱交換器１６のフィンの枚数を増やし伝熱面積を増やして熱効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【００２６】
また、入水温に応じて、内胴通過水量とバイパス水量の比率は変化するもののトータル水量は変化しないので、操作ボタン１を操作しなければ入水温によって出湯量が変化することはなく使い勝手が良い。
【００２７】
そして、内側に水量調節軸、外側に比率調節軸を重ね合わせた２重管を水路管に収納して、温度によってバネ定数が変化するＳＭＡバネ３７の荷重の変化を利用して、入水温に応じて比率調節軸の位置を移動させるといった比較的簡単な構造で水量調節部２５を作製することができるので、湯沸器１００を製造するコストを抑えることができると共に故障等の不具合が生じにくい。
【００２８】
以上本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこうした実施形態に何等限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々なる態様で実施し得ることは勿論である。
例えば、本実施形態では、入水温に応じて、内胴通過水量とバイパス水量の両方がその総量は一定としながら変化しているが、バイパス水量は、変化しなくても良い。すなわち、高入水温時には内胴通過水量が増加し、低入水温時には内胴通過水量が減少すればよいわけである。
また、出湯量調節とガス量調節とが出湯温度調節操作に連動して行なわれるタイプの湯沸器に適用しても構わない。例えば、本実施形態の湯沸器１００のガス量調節軸３１にガス量ギヤを設け、操作ボタン１にこのガス量ギヤと噛合するギヤを設けて、操作ボタン１を回し操作することにより、水量調節軸１３と連動してガス量調節軸３１が操作されるようにしても良い。
【００２９】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明の請求項１記載の湯沸器によれば、低入水温時には、内胴通過水量を減少させて熱交換器でのドレンの発生を抑制することにより、器具の耐久性を増すことができ、高入水温時には、内胴通過水量を増加させて熱交換器内での沸騰を抑制することにより、出湯特性を向上させることができる。
さらに、ドレン発生と沸騰に対する余裕度が広がるので、熱交換器の伝熱面積を増やして熱効率を向上させることが可能となる。
【００３０】
更に、低入水温時には内胴通過水量の比率を大きくし、高入水温時には内胴通過水量の比率を小さくすることによってドレン発生と沸騰とを抑制できるだけでなく、入水温の変化によって出湯量が変化しないため使い勝手が良い。
【００３１】
更に、本発明の請求項２記載の湯沸器によれば、入水温連動水量補正手段を形状記憶合金製のバネを用いることにより構造を複雑化させることなく安価に実施することができるので、湯沸器を製造するコストを抑えることができる。
【００３２】
更に、本発明の請求項３記載の湯沸器によれば、水量調節手段を水量調節回転軸で、入水温連動水量補正手段を補正軸で構成することによって、簡単な構造で要求される熱交換器への通水量とバイパス路への通水量の調節を行うことができるために、湯沸器を製造するコストを抑えることができると共に故障等の不具合が生じにくい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本実施形態としての湯沸器の概略構成図である。
【図２】本実施形態としての湯沸器の外観図である。
【図３】本実施形態の水量調節部の構成図である。
【図４】本実施形態の水量調節部の断面図である。
【図５】入水温が２５℃時の流量特性を表すグラフである。
【図６】入水温が２５℃時の出湯特性を表すグラフである。
【図７】入水温が５℃時の流量特性を表すグラフである。
【図８】入水温が５℃時の出湯特性を表すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
１…操作ボタン、１３…水量調節軸、１３ａ…水量給水スリット、１３ｂ…水量バイパススリット、１６…熱交換器、２０…メインバーナ、２１…ガス量調節レバー、２５…水量調節部、３１…ガス量調節軸、３２…比率調節軸、３２ａ…比率給水スリット、３２ｂ…比率バイパススリット、３３…給水管、３４…バイパス管、３５…出湯管、３７…ＳＭＡバネ、３８…バイアスバネ、３９…リーク孔。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a water amount adjusting means for decreasing the amount of hot water in conjunction with manual operation to the high temperature side of the temperature adjustment operation unit and increasing the amount of hot water in conjunction with manual operation to the low temperature side. It relates to the water heater provided.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a stop-type instant water heater mainly used in a kitchen or the like, a temperature control knob and a gas amount control lever are provided in front of the water heater, and the amount of hot water discharged can be controlled by turning the temperature control knob. It is known that the gas supply amount is adjusted by adjusting the gas amount adjusting lever to the left and right. Gas amount adjustment is performed by a gas amount adjustment shaft that adjusts the gas supply amount to the burner, and tapping amount adjustment is heat exchange while keeping the amount of water flowing to the heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as the inner cylinder passing water amount) constant. This is performed by a water amount adjusting shaft that adjusts the amount of water passing through the bypass pipe bypassing the vessel (hereinafter referred to as bypass water amount).
[0003]
In such a water heater, if only the temperature control knob is operated without operating the gas amount adjustment lever, the amount of bypass water can be changed while keeping the amount of water passing through the inner cylinder constant without changing the gas supply amount. The temperature of the hot water can be adjusted. In this case, when the tapping temperature is raised, the amount of tapping water decreases because the amount of bypass water decreases, and when the tapping temperature is lowered, the amount of tapping water increases because the amount of bypass water increases.
If only the gas amount adjustment lever is operated without operating the temperature adjustment knob, the tapping temperature is adjusted by changing only the gas supply amount without changing the tapping amount (inner trunk passing water amount + bypass water amount). be able to. In this case, there is a problem that when the water supply temperature is high such as in summer, if the gas supply amount is increased too much, there is a problem that the water passing through the inner trunk will boil. There was a problem that drainage was generated in the heat exchanger.
For this reason, in the conventional water heater, the amount of water passing through the inner cylinder is designed so that the inner cylinder passing water does not boil when the gas supply capacity is maximum (for example, 9600 kcal / h) and the incoming water temperature is 30 ° C. The minimum value of the gas supply capacity is designed to be a limit value at which no drain is generated when the incoming water temperature is 5 ° C. with this inner cylinder passing water amount.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, recently, there is an increasing demand for improving the thermal efficiency of the water heater, and the gas supply adjustment range in which no drain is generated becomes narrower in order to meet this demand. That is, in order to improve the thermal efficiency, the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger, that is, the number of fins may be increased. However, in the conventional water heater, the amount of water passing through the inner cylinder is always constant, so the capacity is small (for example, 4800 kcal / h), since the amount of heating relative to the amount of water passing through the inner cylinder is smaller than when the capacity is large, the fin temperature is low, and drainage is likely to occur particularly at a low water inlet temperature (for example, 5 ° C.). Yes. For this reason, if the heat transfer area is to be increased without generating drainage, the amount of heating when the capacity is small must be increased, and the gas supply adjustment range becomes narrow, so that the required tapping temperature adjustment range cannot be secured. As a result, it was not possible to meet the demand for improved thermal efficiency.
In addition to the water heater described above, there is also a type of water heater in which the gas amount adjusting shaft rotates in conjunction with the turning operation of the temperature adjusting knob, and the adjustment of the amount of hot water and the adjustment of the gas amount are performed in conjunction with each other. Are known. However, even in this gas amount-tapping amount interlocking type water heater, adjustment of the tapping amount by the temperature control knob is performed by changing the bypass water amount while keeping the inner trunk passing water amount constant. A similar problem has arisen.
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to meet the demand for improved thermal efficiency while preventing the generation of drainage due to changes in incoming water temperature and the boiling of water passing through the inner trunk.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The water heater according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
A heat exchanger that heats water through the combustion heat of the burner;
A water supply channel for supplying water to the heat exchanger;
A hot water outlet for delivering hot water from the heat exchanger,
A bypass path that bypasses the heat exchanger and connects the water supply path and the hot water path;
Gas amount adjusting means for adjusting the amount of gas supplied to the burner;
A temperature adjustment operation section for adjusting the temperature of the hot water;
A water amount adjusting means for decreasing the amount of hot water mechanically interlocked with the manual operation to the high temperature side of the temperature control operation unit and increasing the amount of hot water mechanically interlocked with the manual operation to the low temperature side. In the water heater,
Provided with an inlet water temperature-linked water amount correction means for decreasing the amount of water flowing to the heat exchanger at a low inlet temperature and increasing the amount of water flowing to the heat exchanger at a high inlet temperature ,
The incoming water temperature interlocking water amount correction means adjusts the ratio of the water flow rate to the heat exchanger and the bypass channel without changing the total amount of water flow rate to the heat exchanger and the water flow rate to the bypass channel. The gist is to do.
[0007]
Further, water heaters according to the second aspect of the present invention, the water heaters of the preceding claims 1 Symbol placement,
The incoming water temperature interlocking water amount correcting means uses a spring made of a shape memory alloy whose spring constant changes depending on the temperature, and according to the incoming water temperature, the cross-sectional area of the water passage to the heat exchanger is changed by the load change by the spring. And changing the cross-sectional area of the water passage to the bypass passage.
[0008]
Moreover, the water heater according to claim 3 of the present invention is the water heater according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The water amount adjusting means has a cylindrical water amount adjusting rotary shaft provided with a water amount water supply slit for determining an opening area to the water supply passage and a water amount bypass slit for determining an opening area to the bypass passage,
The incoming water temperature interlocking correction means has a cylindrical correction shaft provided with a correction water supply slit at a position overlapping with the water amount water supply slit, and a correction bypass slit at a position overlapping with the water amount bypass slit, and the water amount of the correction shaft The gist is that the relative position with respect to the adjustment rotating shaft is configured to shift according to the incoming water temperature.
[0009]
In the water heater according to claim 1 of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the water amount adjusting means mechanically interlocks with the manual operation to the high temperature side of the temperature adjustment operation unit to reduce the amount of the hot water to the low temperature side. Although the amount of hot water is increased mechanically in conjunction with manual operation, the adjustment of the amount of hot water is automatically corrected by the incoming water temperature interlocking water amount correction means. In other words, the incoming water temperature-linked water volume correction means suppresses the generation of drain in the heat exchanger by reducing the amount of water flow to the heat exchanger at the low incoming water temperature, and to the heat exchanger at the high incoming water temperature. By increasing the amount of water flow, boiling in the heat exchanger is suppressed.
[0010]
In addition, the incoming water temperature-linked water volume correction means does not change the total amount of water flow to the heat exchanger and the water flow to the bypass, but increases the ratio to the heat exchanger at low water temperatures, thereby increasing the high water temperature. Occasionally, by reducing the ratio to the heat exchanger, while keeping the amount of hot water constant, drainage in the heat exchanger at low inlet water temperature and boiling in the heat exchanger at high inlet water temperature Can be suppressed.
[0011]
In the water heater according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the load of the spring made of shape memory alloy changes according to the incoming water temperature, the cross-sectional area of the water passage to the heat exchanger and the bypass by this change in force. By changing the cross-sectional area of the water passage to the passage, it is possible to change both the water passage amount to the heat exchanger and the water passage amount to the bypass passage according to the change of the incoming water temperature.
[0012]
Further, in the water heater according to claim 3 of the present invention, when the cylindrical water amount adjusting rotation shaft rotates, the positions of the water amount water supply slit and the water amount bypass slit move, and the opening area to the water supply channel and the opening to the bypass channel are moved. The amount of tapping water can be changed by changing the opening area. Furthermore, the relative position of the cylindrical correction shaft with respect to the water amount adjustment rotation axis is shifted according to the incoming water temperature, and the position of the correction water supply slit and the correction bypass slit provided on the correction shaft moves, thereby changing the incoming water temperature. Accordingly, the water flow rate to the heat exchanger and the water flow rate to the bypass are changed together.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In order to further clarify the configuration and operation of the present invention described above, preferred embodiments of the water heater of the present invention will be described below.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a stop-type instantaneous water heater 100 as an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an external view of the water heater 100.
On the front side of the appliance, there are provided an operation button 1 for adjusting the point of fire, adjusting the amount of water and adjusting the temperature of the hot water, and a gas amount adjusting lever 21. Although the operation button 1 is a push type button, it is provided so as to be rotatable, the point-extinguishing operation is performed by a push operation, and the tapping temperature adjustment and the water amount adjustment are performed by a turning operation. A scale for temperature adjustment is printed around the operation button 1 in the instrument body case, and the hot water temperature and the amount of water are adjusted steplessly by turning the knob 1a of the operation button 1.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1, a lever 2 that operates in conjunction with a push operation of the operation button 1 and a lever switch 28 that is turned ON / OFF by the operation of the lever 2 are provided in the instrument body.
A water supply path from the water inlet 9 is provided with a faucet 8 that opens and closes the flow path via the lever 2 by manual operation with the operation button 1, and a water pressure responsive device 10 is provided downstream thereof. The water pressure responsive device 10 is provided with a diaphragm 22 that is movable back and forth, and a primary pressure chamber 12 and a secondary pressure chamber 17 are formed by being partitioned by the diaphragm 22.
In addition, a water governor 11 is provided on the passage to the primary pressure chamber 12 of the water pressure responsive device 10 so as to be concentric with the diaphragm 22 and restrict the flow rate to a predetermined flow rate or less even if the feed water pressure fluctuates.
In addition, a water amount adjusting unit 25 is provided in the flow path continuing from the primary pressure chamber 12. Details of the water amount adjusting unit 25 will be described later.
The flow path is branched in two directions by the water amount adjusting unit 25, one side is provided with a water supply pipe 33 to the heat exchanger 16, and the other side is provided with a bypass pipe 34 connected to a hot water outlet pipe 35 from the heat exchanger 16. It is done. Note that the total amount of water (the amount of water passing through the inner trunk + the amount of bypass water) after mixing the water passing through the heat exchanger 16 (inner trunk passing water) and the water passing through the bypass pipe 34 (bypass water) is the amount of tapping water. is there.
[0016]
A venturi 15 is provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 33. The venturi 15 squeezes the flow path and is provided with a horizontal hole in a direction perpendicular to the flow path and communicates with the secondary pressure chamber 17 of the hydraulic pressure actuator 10. When water is passed through the venturi 15, the pressure in the secondary pressure chamber 17 is reduced according to the water pressure in the horizontal hole due to the venturi effect.
Accordingly, a differential pressure is generated between the primary pressure chamber 12 and the secondary pressure chamber 17, and a displacement force (forward force) is generated (to the left in the figure) in the diaphragm 22 that is displaceable back and forth.
The diaphragm 22 is provided with a projecting rod 18 that transmits the displacement in contact with the diaphragm 22. A water pressure switch A26 and a water pressure switch B27 that are turned ON / OFF in conjunction with the operation of the protrusion rod 18 are provided on both sides of the protrusion rod 18.
[0017]
In the gas supply path to the main burner 20 that heats the heat exchanger 16, if the valve is opened by the combined thermoelectromotive force of the primary thermocouple 23 and the secondary thermocouple 24 during combustion, and a combustion abnormality occurs A magnet safety valve 3 is provided that is closed when the combined thermoelectromotive force is reduced. Further, downstream of this, a water pressure responsive valve 19 that opens and closes the gas flow path in conjunction with the water pressure responsive device 10 is provided, and further downstream, an instrument plug 4 that opens and closes the gas flow path by a push operation of the operation button 1. Is provided.
Further, the flow path downstream of the instrument plug 4 is branched, and a flow path to the sensing burner 7 for detecting the combustion state and a flow path to the main burner 20 are provided. The flow path leading to the main burner 20 is provided with a gas governor 29 that keeps the gas flow rate constant even when the supply gas pressure fluctuates, and a gas amount adjusting shaft 31 that adjusts the gas supply amount to the main burner 20. The gas amount adjusting shaft 31 is operated in a stepless manner by moving the gas amount adjusting lever 21 from a position having a small capacity on the left side to a position having a large capacity on the right side.
Further, the main burner 20 is provided with an electrode 5 that ignites the main burner 20 by continuous spark and a frame rod 30 that detects ignition.
[0018]
Next, the hot water operation will be described.
When the operation button 1 is pressed, the lever switch 28 is turned ON, and the instrument plug 4 and the faucet 8 are opened in conjunction with the lever 2 to start water passage.
Water flowing in from the water inlet 9 passes through the strainer 6, the water governor 11, and the primary pressure chamber 12, and from the water amount adjusting unit 25, one through the water supply pipe 33 to the heat exchanger 16, and the other through the bypass pipe 34 to the hot water pipe. Mixed with hot water from 35.
[0019]
The pressure of the secondary pressure chamber 17 is lowered by passing through the venturi 15, and the diaphragm 22 is moved to the secondary pressure chamber 17 side by the differential pressure with the primary pressure chamber 12, pushing the projecting rod 18, and the magnet locked to this As the magnet safety valve 3 is opened by the valve opening mechanism 14, the water pressure switch A26 is turned ON. When the magnet safety valve 3 is fully opened, the magnet valve opening mechanism 14 is detached from the projecting rod 18 and returns to a predetermined position where it does not get in the way when the magnet safety valve 3 is closed. When the rod 18 is further pressed, the water pressure responsive valve 19 is opened, and at the same time, the water pressure switch B27 is turned on to ignite the main burner 20 and the sensing burner 7 by the continuous spark from the electrode 5. When the main burner 20 is ignited, the flame rod 30 detects at the initial stage of ignition and maintains the opened state of the magnet safety valve 3, and after a certain period of time, the combined thermoelectromotive force of the primary thermocouple 23 and the secondary thermocouple 24 Thus, the valve open state is maintained and combustion is maintained.
When the operation button 1 is pushed again in the hot water state, the instrument plug 4 and the water tap 8 interlocked with the lever 2 are closed, the gas passage and the water passage are shut off, and the hot water is stopped.
[0020]
Next, the water amount adjusting unit 25 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the water amount adjusting unit 25 includes a double pipe in which a cylindrical water amount adjusting shaft 13 on the inner side and a cylindrical ratio adjusting shaft 32 on the outer side are rotatably overlapped on the same axis. The water pipe 36 is housed and configured, and the inside of the water amount adjusting shaft 13 is a part of the water supply path. The water pipe 36 is provided with a water supply pipe 33 and a bypass pipe 34 as branch pipes. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along one-dot chain line AA in FIG. 3 when the water amount adjusting shaft 13 and the ratio adjusting shaft 32 are housed in the water channel pipe 36. Between the water amount adjusting shaft 13 and the ratio adjusting shaft 32, there is provided a spring 37 made of a shape memory alloy whose spring constant changes with temperature (hereinafter referred to as SMA spring 37). A bias spring 38, which is a so-called ordinary spring whose spring constant does not change with temperature, is provided between the tube 36 and the tube 36. That is, the position of the ratio adjustment shaft 32 is a position where the load by the SMA spring 37 and the load by the bias spring 38 are balanced. The water amount adjusting shaft 13 is provided with a leak hole 39, and there is a slight gap between the contact surface between the water amount adjusting shaft 13 and the ratio adjusting shaft 32 and the contact surface between the ratio adjusting shaft 32 and the water pipe 36. Therefore, since a narrow water passage is formed through them, the periphery of the SMA spring 37 is always filled with water flowing through the water amount adjusting shaft 13. Therefore, the SMA spring 37 is always maintained at the same temperature as the incoming water temperature.
A water amount gear 13 </ b> A is provided at the tip of the water amount adjusting shaft 13 on the side opposite to the water pipe 36. The water amount gear 13A meshes with an interlocking gear 1A provided on the operation button 1, and rotates the water amount adjusting shaft 13 in conjunction with the turning operation of the operation button 1. Further, watertightness is maintained by fitting an O-ring 13B between the water amount adjusting shaft 13 and the water pipe 36.
[0021]
The water amount adjusting shaft 13 is provided with a water amount water supply slit 13a for adjusting an opening area (hereinafter referred to as a water supply opening) to the water supply pipe 33 and a water amount bypass slit 13b for adjusting an opening area (hereinafter referred to as a bypass opening) to the bypass pipe 34. It is done. Similarly, the ratio adjustment shaft 32 is provided with a ratio water supply slit 32a for adjusting the water supply opening area and a ratio bypass slit 32b for adjusting the bypass opening area. A water supply opening area is prescribed | regulated by the amount of water supply slit 13a, the ratio water supply slit 32a, and the opening of the water supply pipe 33 overlapping. Further, the bypass opening area is defined by the overlap of the water amount bypass slit 13b, the ratio bypass slit 32b, and the opening of the bypass pipe 34.
[0022]
The flow rate to the water supply pipe 33 is such that the water supply water slit 13a, the ratio water supply slit 32a, and the water supply pipe 33 overlap from the inside to the outside. It is defined by the smaller area with the overlap of the water supply pipes 33. The area that defines this flow rate is the water supply opening area. Similarly, the flow rate to the bypass pipe 34 is also considered and is defined by the smaller area of the overlap of the water amount bypass slit 13b and the ratio bypass slit 32b and the overlap of the ratio bypass slit 32b and the bypass pipe 34. The area that defines this flow rate is the bypass opening area.
[0023]
Next, changes in the water supply opening area and the bypass opening area will be described.
First, the case where the incoming water temperature is constant and the water amount adjusting shaft 13 is rotated will be described. When the operation button 1 is turned from the low temperature side to the high temperature side, the water amount adjustment shaft 13 rotates, and the water amount water supply slit 13a and the water amount bypass slit 13b provided on the water amount adjustment shaft 13 move. At this time, the water supply opening area is constant and the bypass opening area decreases until the position of the knob 1a of the operation button 1 reaches a predetermined position. When the predetermined position is passed, the bypass opening area becomes 0 and the water supply opening The shapes of the water supply slit 13a and the water bypass slit 13b are determined so that the area is reduced.
Therefore, for example, as shown in the graph of the flow characteristics when the incoming water temperature is 25 ° C. (FIG. 5), when the knob 1a is turned from the low temperature to the position of the scale 3 as the high temperature setting, the amount of water passing through the inner trunk is constant. The amount of bypass water is reduced while maintaining Then, when the operation is further turned to the high temperature side after passing through the position 3, the amount of water passing through the inner body decreases while the amount of bypass water is kept at zero.
[0024]
Next, a case where the incoming water temperature changes without adjusting the amount of water by the operation button 1 will be described.
Since the spring constant of the SMA spring 37 increases when the temperature is high, when the incoming water temperature is high, that is, when the temperature of the SMA spring 37 is high, the load of the SMA spring 37 applied to the ratio adjusting shaft 32 increases, and the ratio adjusting shaft 32 Is slightly shifted to the bias spring 38 side (left side in FIG. 4) in a direction orthogonal to the movement of the water supply slit 13a and the water bypass slit 13b (axial direction of the water adjustment shaft 13). At this time, the shape of the ratio water supply slit 32a and the ratio bypass slit 32b is set so that the ratio of the water supply opening area is increased and the ratio of the bypass opening area is decreased without changing the sum of the water supply opening area and the bypass opening area. It has been decided.
When the incoming water temperature is low, that is, when the temperature of the SMA spring 37 is low, the spring constant of the SMA spring 37 is small, so the load of the SMA spring 37 applied to the ratio adjusting shaft 32 is small, and the position of the ratio adjusting shaft 32 is SMA spring. It is slightly shifted to the 37 side (right side in FIG. 4). At this time, the shape of the ratio water supply slit 32a and the ratio bypass slit 32b is such that the ratio of the water supply opening area is reduced and the ratio of the bypass opening area is increased without changing the sum of the water supply opening area and the bypass opening area. It has been decided.
[0025]
FIG. 5 shows a graph of the flow rate characteristic when the incoming water temperature by the water heater 100 is 25 ° C., FIG. 6 shows a graph of the outgoing water characteristic, and FIG. 7 shows a graph of the flow rate characteristic when the incoming water temperature is 5 ° C. A graph of temperature characteristics is shown in FIG.
When the incoming water temperature is low (5 ° C), compared to when it is high (25 ° C), while keeping the total water volume (internal movement water volume + bypass water volume) constant, the inner body water volume is decreased and the bypass water volume is increased. Therefore, the inner cylinder outlet temperature can be maintained higher than the temperature at which the drain is generated even when the capacity is small (the gas supply amount is small) and the incoming water temperature is low. In this way, the durability of the appliance can be increased by suppressing the generation of drain. Furthermore, since the margin for the generation of drain is widened, it is possible to increase the number of fins of the heat exchanger 16 and increase the heat transfer area to improve the thermal efficiency.
Conversely, when the incoming water temperature is high (25 ° C), compared to when it is low (5 ° C), it is possible to increase the amount of water passing through the inner trunk and decrease the amount of bypass water while keeping the total water amount constant. Even when the inlet water temperature is high (the gas supply amount is large) and the inlet water temperature is high, the inner trunk outlet temperature can be maintained at a lower temperature than the boiling water of the inner trunk passage water. In this way, by suppressing the boiling of the water passing through the inner trunk, it is possible to improve the tapping characteristics and to make the instrument more convenient to use. Furthermore, since the margin for boiling increases, it is possible to increase the number of fins of the heat exchanger 16 to increase the heat transfer area and improve the thermal efficiency.
[0026]
In addition, although the ratio of the inner trunk passing water amount and the bypass water amount changes according to the incoming water temperature, the total water amount does not change. Therefore, if the operation button 1 is not operated, the amount of hot water does not change depending on the incoming water temperature, which is convenient. .
[0027]
Then, a double pipe with a water amount adjustment axis on the inside and a ratio adjustment axis on the outside is housed in the water pipe, and the change in the load of the SMA spring 37 whose spring constant changes with temperature is used to adjust the incoming water temperature. Accordingly, since the water amount adjusting unit 25 can be manufactured with a relatively simple structure such as moving the position of the ratio adjusting shaft, the cost of manufacturing the water heater 100 can be reduced and troubles such as failure are less likely to occur. .
[0028]
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, in the present embodiment, both the inner trunk passing water amount and the bypass water amount change while keeping the total amount constant according to the incoming water temperature, but the bypass water amount may not change. That is, it is sufficient that the amount of water passing through the inner trunk increases at a high incoming water temperature, and the amount of water passing through the inner trunk decreases at a low incoming water temperature.
Further, the present invention may be applied to a water heater of a type in which the adjustment of the amount of hot water and the adjustment of the gas amount are performed in conjunction with the operation of adjusting the temperature of the hot water. For example, the gas amount adjusting shaft 31 of the water heater 100 of the present embodiment is provided with a gas amount gear, the operation button 1 is provided with a gear meshing with the gas amount gear, and the operation button 1 is turned to operate the water amount. The gas amount adjusting shaft 31 may be operated in conjunction with the adjusting shaft 13.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the water heater according to claim 1 of the present invention, at the time of low incoming water temperature, by reducing the amount of water passing through the inner trunk and suppressing the generation of drain in the heat exchanger, The durability of the hot water can be increased, and at the time of high incoming water temperature, the amount of water passing through the inner body is increased to suppress boiling in the heat exchanger, thereby improving the hot water discharge characteristics.
Furthermore, since the margin for drain generation and boiling increases, it is possible to increase the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger and improve the thermal efficiency.
[0030]
Furthermore , not only can the drainage and boiling be suppressed by increasing the ratio of the amount of water passing through the inner trunk at a low inlet temperature and decreasing the ratio of the amount of water passing through the inner trunk at a high inlet temperature, but also the amount of hot water can be reduced by changing the inlet temperature. Convenient because it does not change.
[0031]
Furthermore, according to the water heater according to claim 2 of the present invention, the water temperature interlocking water amount correcting means can be implemented at low cost without complicating the structure by using a spring made of a shape memory alloy. The cost for manufacturing the water heater can be reduced.
[0032]
Furthermore, according to the water heater according to claim 3 of the present invention, the water amount adjusting means is constituted by the water amount adjusting rotating shaft, and the incoming water temperature interlocking water amount correcting means is constituted by the correcting axis, so that the heat required with a simple structure can be obtained. Since the amount of water flow to the exchanger and the amount of water flow to the bypass passage can be adjusted, the cost of manufacturing the water heater can be suppressed and problems such as failure are less likely to occur.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a water heater as an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an external view of a water heater as the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a water amount adjusting unit of the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a water amount adjusting unit of the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing flow rate characteristics when the incoming water temperature is 25 ° C.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the hot water characteristics when the incoming water temperature is 25 ° C.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the flow rate characteristics when the incoming water temperature is 5 ° C.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the hot water characteristics when the incoming water temperature is 5 ° C.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Operation button, 13 ... Water quantity adjustment shaft, 13a ... Water quantity water supply slit, 13b ... Water quantity bypass slit, 16 ... Heat exchanger, 20 ... Main burner, 21 ... Gas quantity adjustment lever, 25 ... Water quantity adjustment part, 31 ... Gas Quantity adjusting shaft, 32 ... Ratio adjusting shaft, 32a ... Ratio water supply slit, 32b ... Ratio bypass slit, 33 ... Water supply pipe, 34 ... Bypass pipe, 35 ... Hot water outlet pipe, 37 ... SMA spring, 38 ... Bias spring, 39 ... Leak Hole.

Claims

A heat exchanger that heats water through the combustion heat of the burner;
A water supply channel for supplying water to the heat exchanger;
A hot water outlet for delivering hot water from the heat exchanger,
A bypass path that bypasses the heat exchanger and connects the water supply path and the hot water path;
Gas amount adjusting means for adjusting the amount of gas supplied to the burner;
A temperature adjustment operation section for adjusting the temperature of the hot water;
A water amount adjusting means for decreasing the amount of hot water mechanically interlocked with the manual operation to the high temperature side of the temperature control operation unit and increasing the amount of hot water mechanically interlocked with the manual operation to the low temperature side. In the water heater,
Provided with an inlet water temperature-linked water amount correction means for decreasing the amount of water flowing to the heat exchanger at a low inlet temperature and increasing the amount of water flowing to the heat exchanger at a high inlet temperature ,
The incoming water temperature interlocking water amount correction means adjusts the ratio of the water flow rate to the heat exchanger and the bypass channel without changing the total amount of water flow rate to the heat exchanger and the water flow rate to the bypass channel. A water heater characterized by

The incoming water temperature interlocking water amount correcting means uses a spring made of a shape memory alloy whose spring constant changes depending on the temperature, and according to the incoming water temperature, the cross-sectional area of the water passage to the heat exchanger is changed by the load change by the spring. a water heater according to claim 1 Symbol mounting, characterized in that varying the cross-sectional area of the water passage to the bypass passage.

The water amount adjusting means has a cylindrical water amount adjusting rotary shaft provided with a water amount water supply slit for determining an opening area to the water supply passage and a water amount bypass slit for determining an opening area to the bypass passage,
The incoming water temperature interlocking correction means has a cylindrical correction shaft provided with a correction water supply slit at a position overlapping with the water amount water supply slit, and a correction bypass slit at a position overlapping with the water amount bypass slit, and the water amount of the correction shaft The water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a relative position with respect to the adjusting rotation shaft is shifted in accordance with an incoming water temperature.