JP4629981B2 - Roll crusher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a roll crusher that crushes a mixture of resin carbide and metal powder using a pair of rolls.
Specifically, a roll for pulverizing a mixture of resin carbide, glass, metal, etc., such as a dry distillation residue of shredder dust, which is a mixture of resin and metal powder, such as non-ferrous metal (Cu, etc.) powder generated from discarded automobiles, etc. The present invention relates to a grinding device.

The inventors of the present invention have so far conducted research and development related to ultrasonic application technology and filed patent applications for the results.
For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-210991, in order to efficiently select resin carbide and metal powder from a mixture of resin carbide and metal powder such as a dry distillation residue of shredder dust, as a pretreatment for ultrasonic sieving, A method for selectively pulverizing resin carbide using a pair of rolls was proposed.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the sorting device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-210991.
In FIG. 3, 1 is a conveying means, 2 is a crushing means, 3 is a diaphragm having a mesh part, 4 is an ultrasonic wave generating means, 5 and 6 are collection boxes, 7 is a collection member (trough), 8 is a dustproof member, 9 is a belt, 10a is an upper roll, 10b is a lower roll, 11 is a roll shaft, 12 is an elevating member, 13 is a vibrating frame, 14 is a mesh portion, 15a is a vibrator, 15b is a horn, and 15 and 21 are vibrating portions. .
In FIG. 3, the conveying means 1 which conveys the mixture M, the metal powder M1a, and the refined resin carbide M1b, the pulverizing means 2 for pulverizing the mixture M to refine the carbide, and the metal powder M1a and the refinement A vibration plate 3 for passing the resin carbide M1b formed on a sieve and an ultrasonic wave generation means 4 for applying ultrasonic waves to the vibration plate 3 are provided.

The crushing apparatus in FIG. 3 has a selective crushing structure based on compression crushing, with the upper roll 10a being a soft roller such as a rubber roller and the lower roll 11 being a rigid metal roll across the belt conveyor.
However, when continuous grinding experiments were conducted using this grinding device, it was found that problems such as uneven wear and tearing of the belt conveyor occurred during long-term continuous operation, and continuous grinding was not possible. There was found.

JP-A-8-206522 discloses a structure in which a roll pack can be removed for easy maintenance, and a peripheral speed difference between each roll such as a high-speed roll and a low-speed roll in order to enhance the crushing ability. A grain mill that improves the grinding ability by providing a crushing function at the same time as crushing and crushing is disclosed.
However, if an apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-206522 is used to grind a mixture of resin carbide and metal powder such as a dry distillation residue of shredder dust, the metal powder is also crushed because of the grinding and grinding function. The metal powder sorting efficiency is likely to deteriorate.
JP 2003-211091 A JP-A-8-206522

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, can selectively pulverize resin carbide in a mixture of resin carbide and metal powder such as dry distillation residue of shredder dust, and resins It is an object of the present invention to provide a roll crusher that can improve the sorting efficiency.

The present invention has been made as a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by attaching an ultrasonic vibrator to a metal roll, in a mixture of resin carbide and metal powder such as a dry distillation residue of shredder dust. The present invention provides a roll crusher capable of selectively crushing resin carbide and improving the sorting efficiency of resins, and the gist thereof is as described in the claims. The contents are as follows.
(1) A roll crusher for crushing a mixture of resin carbide and metal powder using a pair of rolls, wherein one of the pair of rolls is a hollow metal roll, and an ultrasonic vibrator is provided on the metal roll. A roll pulverizer characterized by being attached and modulating the ultrasonic frequency generated by the ultrasonic transducer .
(2) The roll crusher according to (1), wherein one of the pair of rolls is a soft roll such as rubber or resin.
(3) Both the pair of rolls are metal rolls, the diameter of the metal roll is larger than the diameter of the other metal roll, and an opening mechanism is attached to one of the rolls (1) ) Roll crusher.

  According to the present invention, it becomes possible to selectively finely pulverize a resin carbide of a mixture of resin carbide and metal powder such as a dry distillation residue of shredder dust, increase the sorting efficiency of resins, and enable industrial practical use. It has a significant industrially useful effect.

The inventors have conducted various trial and error experiments in order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and have studied the measures to solve the problems and have completed the present invention. The best mode will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a roll crusher according to the present invention, in which an upper stage shows a side view of the roll crusher and a lower stage shows a cross-sectional view in the roll axis direction.
In FIG. 1, 22 is a metal roll (hollow), 23 is a resin roll, 24 is a roll shaft, 25 is a bearing, 26 is a scrubber, and 27 is an ultrasonic transducer.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a roll crushing apparatus according to the present invention for selectively crushing resin carbide by compressing a mixture of resin carbide such as shredder dust residue and metal powder using a pair of rolls. .
In the present embodiment, one roll is a hollow steel metal roll 22, the other holding roll is a soft resin roll 23, and the resin carbide is compressed by compressing between the metal roll 22 and the resin roll 23. It can be selectively ground.
The soft pressing roll is not limited to resin, and rubber may be used.
The reason why the press roll is a soft roll such as rubber or resin roll and is basically compressed and pulverized with the metal roll is because the mixture contains metal, so when the metal passes between the rolls, This is because the soft roll can be used as a cushion to prevent biting and prevent reduction in pulverization efficiency.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, at least one of a pair of rolls is a metal roll 22, and an ultrasonic vibrator 27 is attached to the metal roll.
When ultrasonic waves are incident on the metal roll 22 from the axial direction, a standing wave is generated on the surface of the metal roll 22 and the roll surface vibrates vigorously, whereby the resin carbide powder can be finely pulverized.
Moreover, by making the metal roll 22 hollow, the roll can be easily vibrated by respiratory vibration.
When the mixture of resin carbide and metal powder passes between the rolls, a slight gap is generated between the rolls, but by applying ultrasonic waves to the roll, a radiation pressure is generated between the roll surface and the resin carbide, The resin carbide is efficiently pulverized by this radiation pressure, and the overall pulverization efficiency is improved.
Further, the frictional resistance of the roll surface is reduced by vibrating the roll surface, and the resin carbide powder can be prevented from adhering to the roll surface.
Further, it is preferable that the ultrasonic frequency generated by the ultrasonic transducer 27 is modulated to periodically change the ultrasonic frequency.
If the pulverization is performed in the state of standing waves, a striped pattern corresponding to the period of the standing waves is generated on the roll surface, and if the powder is highly adherent, the pulverization efficiency is deteriorated.
Therefore, the above-mentioned striped pattern can be eliminated by modulating the ultrasonic frequency generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 27 to periodically change the ultrasonic frequency, and the resin carbide powder adheres to the roll surface. The grinding efficiency can be improved by further enhancing the prevention effect.
Note that the scraper 26 plays a role of scraping off the resin carbide adhering to the roll surface.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the roll crushing apparatus of the present invention, in which the upper stage shows a side view of the roll crushing apparatus and the lower stage shows a cross-sectional view in the roll axis direction.
In FIG. 2, 22 is a metal roll (hollow), 22 'is a metal roll (solid), 24 is a roll shaft, 25 is a bearing, 26 is a scrubber, and 27 is an ultrasonic transducer.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a roll crushing apparatus according to the present invention for selectively crushing resin carbide by compressing a mixture of resin carbide such as dry distillation residue of shredder dust and metal powder using a pair of metal rolls. Show.
The present embodiment is characterized in that both of the pair of rolls are metal rolls, and an opening mechanism is attached to one of the rolls.
When the pulverized product contains a corrosive gas such as chlorine, it is preferable that the press roll 22 'is a solid steel roll made of steel, and the roll surface is subjected to corrosion resistance measures such as chromium plating and ceramic spraying.
A mechanism that opens when metal or the like passes is attached to the presser metal roll 22 'so that the presser force can be adjusted by a spring.
Since the mixture contains metal, when the metal passes between the rolls, if the roll is not opened, it will bite and become unrotatable. Therefore, an opening mechanism is provided, and this opening mechanism is shown in FIG. By operating in the direction of the arrow, metal biting can be prevented.

When the press roll 22 ′ is a metal roll, the surface friction resistance is smaller than that of the resin roll. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, by setting the diameter of the press roll larger than the other roll diameter, the resin carbide And a mixture of metal powder can be smoothly introduced between the rolls.
Note that the scraper 26 plays a role of scraping off the resin carbide adhering to the roll surface.
By taking these measures, it becomes possible to selectively finely pulverize the resin carbide of the mixture of resin carbide such as shredder dust and metal powder and metal powder, increasing the sorting efficiency of resins, and putting it to industrial use. Is possible.

When a mixture (carbide) obtained by heat-treating shredder dust, which is a mixture of resin and Cu powder, is selected using the roll crushing apparatus according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the present invention, a total of 90 after crushing is obtained. % Of the resin carbide particles could be pulverized to 63 μm or less, and remarkably refined compared to the conventional 83 μm or less.
Moreover, when Cu was selected using a sieve after pulverization, the Cu content under the sieve could be 0.2% or less and the Cu concentration on the sieve could be 50%. It was confirmed that the carbon powder can be selectively pulverized.

It is a figure which illustrates embodiment of the roll crusher of this invention. It is a figure which illustrates embodiment of the roll crusher of this invention. It is a figure which illustrates the conventional roll crusher.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conveying means 2 Crushing means 3 Diaphragm 4 having mesh section Ultrasonic wave generating means 5 and 6 Collection box 7 Collection member 8 Dust-proof member 9 Belt 10a Upper roll 10b Lower roll 11 Roll shaft 12 Lifting member 13 Vibration frame 14 Mesh section 15a Vibrator 15b Horn 15, 21 Vibrating part 22 Metal roll (hollow)
22 'metal roll (solid)
23 Resin roll 24 Roll shaft 25 Bearing 26 Scrater 27 Ultrasonic vibrator

Claims (3)

A roll grinding apparatus for grinding a mixture of the resin carbide and metal powder by using a pair of rolls, one of said pair of rolls is a hollow metal roll, attaching an ultrasonic transducer to the metal roll, the A roll crusher characterized by modulating an ultrasonic frequency generated by an ultrasonic vibrator .   The roll crusher according to claim 1, wherein one of the pair of rolls is a soft roll such as rubber or resin. Both of the pair of rolls and the metal roll, the diameter of the metal roll was greater than the diameter of the other metal roll, and, according to claim 1, wherein the mounting preparative opening mechanism on one of the rolls Roll crusher.

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