JP4638376B2 - Security equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a security facility for ensuring safety during work such as refurbishment and dismantling of existing facilities.

  In facilities handling hazardous materials, each compartment in the facility is controlled under negative pressure in order to prevent leakage of dangerous materials to the outside. In the case of a nuclear facility, for example, the facility is partitioned into multiple rooms, and the pressure in each compartment is adjusted in stages, and the compartment with the highest radioactivity concentration is adjusted to have the lowest negative pressure. . By such negative pressure management, radioactive material is prevented from leaking from a compartment having a relatively high radioactivity concentration to a compartment having a low radioactivity concentration.

  Here, even when renovation or dismantling of facilities in such a facility is performed, negative pressure management around the facility to be constructed is important in order to prevent leakage of dangerous substances to the outside. For this reason, it is necessary to operate an existing negative pressure management system or a partially expanded system to perform negative pressure management even during the construction period.

JP-A-1-262947 JP-A-4-257635

  However, in the case of renovation work or dismantling work, there is a risk that sudden accidents will occur that are rarely expected during normal operation of the facility, such as fires. When such a sudden accident occurs, the air pressure around the installation target facility may increase rapidly. At that time, it is assumed that only a general system that performs negative pressure management of the entire facility cannot cope with a sudden change in atmospheric pressure and the negative pressure management cannot be maintained.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a security facility capable of maintaining negative pressure management even in case of a sudden accident during construction work.

  According to the present invention, a pressure adjustment chamber that surrounds a construction object and is connected so that air can flow through a pipe to a compartment in which the internal pressure is set to a negative pressure from the surroundings; A damper disposed in the middle of the pipe for opening and closing an air passage formed by the pipe, and an air pressure in the air pressure adjustment chamber such that the air pressure in the air pressure adjustment chamber is a negative pressure than the air pressure in the compartment There is provided a security facility comprising an adjusting means for adjusting.

  In this security facility, normally, the damper is closed to block the flow of air between the compartment and the pressure control chamber, and the pressure in the pressure control chamber is made to be higher than the pressure in the compartment by the function of the adjusting means. Is also maintained at negative pressure. When the air pressure in the compartment rises due to, for example, a sudden accident during the construction work of the construction object, the air in the compartment flows into the air pressure adjustment chamber by opening the damper. As a result, the air pressure in the compartment is prevented from rising rapidly, and negative pressure management can be maintained.

  In this invention, the structure provided with the sensor which detects the atmospheric | air pressure in the said compartment, and the control means which controls opening / closing of the said damper based on the detection result of the said sensor is employable. According to this configuration, the opening / closing of the damper is automatically controlled according to the air pressure in the compartment, so that it is possible to quickly cope with a sudden accident during construction work.

  In the present invention, the adjusting unit includes a discharging unit that discharges the air in the pressure adjustment chamber to the outside, and the security equipment further includes a purifying unit that purifies the air discharged by the discharging unit. Configuration can be adopted. According to this configuration, even when a dangerous substance flows from the compartment into the pressure adjustment chamber, the dangerous substance can be purified and safely processed.

  Moreover, in this invention, the structure whose said construction target object is a nuclear power related equipment is employable. The present invention is applicable to the construction of equipment in a nuclear facility.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the security equipment which can maintain negative pressure management also can be provided with respect to the sudden accident during construction work.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a facility 100 to which the security equipment of the present invention is applied. The facility 100 is a nuclear-related facility such as a spent nuclear fuel reprocessing facility, and has a plurality of compartments 101 to 103. A work object 110 is disposed in the compartment 102. The construction object 110 is a nuclear facility such as a tank contaminated with radioactivity. A blower 120 and a filter 121 are disposed in the compartment 101. The blower 120 discharges the air in the compartment 102 out of the facility 100. The filter 121 purifies the air in the compartment 102 discharged by the blower 120.

  The inside of the compartment 101 is set to atmospheric pressure, and the compartment 102 is set to a negative pressure by exhausting by the blower 120. In this way, the inside of the compartment 102 is managed under negative pressure, so that the air in the compartment 102 does not flow out of the facility 100 without passing through the filter 121. In this example, negative pressure management is performed by exhausting with the blower 120, but the method of negative pressure management is not limited to this, and various methods can be adopted.

  Next, the case where the construction object 110 is repaired, disassembled, etc. will be described. Drawing 2 is an explanatory view of security equipment A concerning one embodiment of the present invention. In the work such as the dismantling of the construction object 110, the compartment 102 is further partitioned to strictly prevent leakage of radioactivity. In the example of FIG. 2, the inside of the compartment 102 is divided into three compartments 102a to 102c by the temporary partition wall 10a and the partition wall 10b. The partition walls 10a and 10b are structures called green houses, for example, and are formed by supporting a vinyl sheet or the like with a frame.

  In order to manage the negative pressure in each of the compartments 102b and 102c, a blower 20a that exhausts the air in the compartment 102b to the compartment 102a, and a blower 20b that exhausts the air in the compartment 102c to the compartment 102b are provided. Blowers 20a and 20b are provided with filters 21a and 21b for purifying the exhausted air.

  Regarding the air pressure in each compartment, for example, the compartment 101 is set to atmospheric pressure, the compartment 102a is set to -2 mmAq, the compartment 102b is set to -4 mmAq, and the compartment 102c is set to -6 mmAq. In this example, the negative pressure management is performed by the exhaust by the blowers 20a and 20b. However, the negative pressure management method is not limited to this, and various methods can be adopted.

  The security equipment A surrounds the work object 110 and is connected to a compartment 102c in which the internal air pressure is set to a negative pressure from the surroundings so that air can flow through the pipe 30. 103 '. In the case of this embodiment, the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′ is a conversion of the existing compartment 103. The pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′ is not limited to an existing structure as long as a certain space can be secured, and may be separately constructed. However, when the existing structure is disassembled or repaired, the present embodiment By diverting this, the existing structure can be effectively used. When the existing compartment 103 is diverted as the atmospheric pressure regulation chamber 103 ′ as in the present embodiment, the sealing material 60 is disposed at the air circulation locations such as windows and doors of the compartment 103 in order to increase the airtightness. Established.

  A damper 40 that opens and closes an air passage in the pipe 30 is disposed in the middle of the pipe 30. The damper 40 is normally closed and is opened when the air pressure in the compartment 102c rises abnormally, particularly when the air pressure in the compartment 102c rises abnormally, such as when a fire occurs in the compartment 102c. In the present embodiment, the damper 40 is an electric damper driven by a motor 40a. The opening / closing of the damper 40 is controlled by the control device 41 performing drive control of the motor 40a.

  The control device 41 controls the opening and closing of the damper 40 based on the detection result of the sensor 42 that detects the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c. The control device 41 opens the damper 40 when the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c detected by the sensor 42 exceeds a predetermined atmospheric pressure, and closes the damper 40 when the atmospheric pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure.

Next, the security equipment A includes an adjustment device 50 that adjusts the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′. The adjusting device 50 is disposed between the pump 51 for discharging the air in the air pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ to the outside of the facility 100, and between the pump 51 and the air pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′, and purifies the air discharged by the pump 51. And a filter 52.

The adjusting device 50 also includes an electric damper 53 that is disposed between the filter 52 and the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ and is driven by a motor 53a. The damper 53 is provided in a pipe between the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ and the pump 51, and opens and closes the inside of the pipe. The adjusting device 50 further controls the atmospheric pressure detection sensor 54 that detects the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′ , and the motor 53 a and the pump 51 (the motor that drives the pump 51) based on the detection result of the atmospheric pressure detection sensor 54. And a control device 55.

  By such an adjusting device 50, the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 'is controlled so as to be always negative more than the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c. For example, when the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c is set to −6 mmAq as described above, the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ is preferably set to be approximately −100 mmAq so as to be a negative pressure. Based on the detection result of the atmospheric pressure detection sensor 54, the control device 55 controls the motor 53a and the pump 51 so that the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 'is maintained at a predetermined atmospheric pressure. For example, when the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′ becomes higher than −80 mmAq, the damper 53 is opened and the pump 51 is operated to discharge the air in the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′. Further, when the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ becomes lower than −100 mmAq, the pump 51 is stopped and the damper 53 is closed.

  Next, the function of the security equipment A at the time of work such as dismantling the construction object 110 will be described. In a normal state (when the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c is maintained at a predetermined atmospheric pressure), the damper 40 is closed, and the air in the compartment 102c does not flow out to the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′, and the atmospheric pressure is adjusted. The inside of the chamber 103 ′ is maintained at a negative pressure as compared with the inside of the compartment 102c. On the other hand, when a sudden accident such as a fire occurs during the work, the air pressure in the compartment 102c starts to increase rapidly.

  When the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c rises, this is detected by the sensor 42, and the control device 41 opens the damper 40. As a result, the air in the compartment 102c flows out into the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 ', the pressure increase in the compartment 102c is suppressed, and negative pressure management is maintained. In this case, it is conceivable to suppress an increase in air pressure in the compartment 102c by increasing the amount of air discharged by the blower 20b. However, considering the suction capability of the blower 20b and the control response time, the pressure increase is instantaneous. It is not easy to suppress.

  In the case of this embodiment, the pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′ is maintained at a negative pressure as compared with the partition chamber 102c, and the air in the partition chamber 102c is sucked into the pressure adjustment chamber 103 ′ by opening the damper 40. It is possible to prevent the atmospheric pressure in 103 ′ from rapidly increasing, and to instantly cope with the increase in atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c. That is, a fail-safe measure is taken by providing the safety equipment A as a negative pressure management system.

  Even when the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ increases due to prolonged fire or the like, the increase in the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ is suppressed by the action of the adjusting device 50, and the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102c increases. Therefore, it is possible to save time until recovery. Since the air that has flowed into the pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ is purified by the filter 52 and discharged, the contaminated air can be safely processed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the opening and closing of the damper 40 is automatically controlled according to the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 103c by the action of the control device 41 and the sensor 42, and quickly when a sudden accident occurs during construction work. Yes. The damper 40 can be opened and closed manually instead of automatically. FIG. 4 shows a modified example of the security facility A, and an operation unit 43 provided in the compartment 101 is connected to the control device 41 instead of the sensor 42. The operation unit 43 includes a switch or the like that instructs opening / closing of the damper 40.

  In the configuration example of FIG. 4, when a fire or the like occurs, the on-site manager or the like operates the operation unit 43 to open the damper 40 and suppress an increase in the atmospheric pressure in the compartment 102 c. The configuration example of FIG. 4 can be used in combination with the configuration example of FIG. In this case, the operation unit 43 has a fail-safe function for opening the damper 40 when the sensor 42 breaks down and pressure detection becomes impossible.

  In each of the above examples, the damper 40 is an electric type, but may be a manual type. In this case, when a fire or the like occurs, an on-site manager or the like manually opens the damper directly.

  In the present embodiment, one security facility A is provided for one compartment 102c, but a plurality of security facilities A may be provided. Further, a purification device such as a filter may be provided in the middle of the pipe 30 to purify the air flowing from the compartment 102c into the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber 103 '. In this case, since the atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 103 ′ is not contaminated, it can be reused.

It is a figure which shows the example of the facility 100 to which the security equipment of this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing of the security equipment A which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the function of the security equipment A. It is a figure which shows the modification of the security equipment A.

Explanation of symbols

40 Damper 50 Adjusting device 102c Compartment 103 'Atmospheric pressure adjusting chamber 110 Work object

Claims (4)

A pressure control chamber that surrounds the work object and is connected to a compartment in which the internal pressure is set to a negative pressure from the surroundings so that air can flow through the piping;
A damper disposed in the middle of the pipe and opening and closing an air passage formed by the pipe;
Adjusting means for adjusting the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber so that the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure adjustment chamber is a negative pressure than the atmospheric pressure in the compartment chamber;
Security equipment characterized by comprising. A sensor for detecting the atmospheric pressure in the compartment;
Control means for controlling opening and closing of the damper based on the detection result of the sensor;
The security facility according to claim 1, further comprising: The adjusting means comprises a discharging means for discharging the air in the pressure adjustment chamber to the outside;
2. The security equipment according to claim 1, wherein the security equipment further comprises a purification means for purifying the air discharged by the discharge means.   The security facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the construction object is a nuclear facility.

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